CN106993522A - A kind of tomato being used in greenhouse, cucumber bag containing soilless substrate cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of tomato being used in greenhouse, cucumber bag containing soilless substrate cultural method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106993522A CN106993522A CN201610050417.8A CN201610050417A CN106993522A CN 106993522 A CN106993522 A CN 106993522A CN 201610050417 A CN201610050417 A CN 201610050417A CN 106993522 A CN106993522 A CN 106993522A
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- bag containing
- spacing
- soilless substrate
- containing soilless
- greenhouse
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
- A01G27/005—Reservoirs connected to flower-pots through conduits
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tomato being used in greenhouse, cucumber bag containing soilless substrate cultural method, including：Mixed-matrix, bag containing soilless substrate, drip irrigation pipeline are collectively constituted, it is characterized in that, mixed-matrix formula is formulated in proportion by the stalks such as fine sand, cattle and sheep excrement, charing rice wheat husk or light sandy loam, fertile soil, vermiculite, bag containing soilless substrate is cuboid, longitudinally put successively by line-spacing in greenhouse, cultivation hole is set by spacing in the rows, nursery stock is transplanted, drip irrigation pipeline is made up of water tank, supervisor, dropper and water dropper;The present invention is advantageous in that：It can be different according to the cultivation crops for rotation of vegetables, flexible modulation cultivates spacing in the rows and line-spacing, temperature of irrigation water is increased using water tank drip irrigation, vegetable yields and quality is improved, bag containing soilless substrate quality is moderate, volume is impartial, and a people can carry and operate, the patented technology solves the soil hardening and pest and disease damage that warm indoor growing continuous cropping obstacle is brought in the past, and cultural method water saving, section fertilizer, chamber humidity reduction, vegetables are difficult sick.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bag containing soilless substrate cultural method, and in particular to a kind of tomato being used in greenhouse, cucumber bag containing soilless substrate cultural method, belongs to agricultural facility field..
Background technology
Greenhouse production is the industry of benefit maximum in nearly 20 years China's agricultural plantings.China's facilities horticulture area is up to more than 320 ten thousand hm2, the gross area accounts for first place in the world.Wherein heliogreenhouse area accounts for 1/3rd of the gross area.With the development of industrialized agriculture, greenhouse production is applied more and more.But existing greenhouse is many in bare place region, its soil property is not suitable for direct culturing vegetable, and high humidity in greenhouse, and pest and disease damage grows.Continuous cropping obstacle is caused, soil hardening, soil-borne disease insect pest is serious after plant year after year in many greenhouses.
The matrix used in existing greenhouse is mostly in bulk, and without the dedicated substrate for different vegetable, the scene pack in substrate grooves in greenhouse when using, efficiency is low, and labor intensity is big, the component content such as N, P, K of matrix is consistent, poor for applicability, yield of vegetables is low, and high humidity, pest and disease damage grow in greenhouse.Appoint utility model patent --- muskmelon bag containing soilless substrate growing structures, the Authorization Notice No. CN204482480U of thrifty teacher, be muskmelon dedicated substrate bag cultivating structure, two row's bag containing soilless substrates are wherein placed in substrate grooves, there are culture hole and permeability hole on bag containing soilless substrate, be only applicable to the cultivation of muskmelon, irrigation method is not known.
In summary, problem present in the bag containing soilless substrate cultivation technique in existing greenhouse has：Applicable matrix is few, seeding row spacing is fixed, irrigation method is not matched, water and fertilizer utilization is low for cultivation, and high humidity, pest and disease damage grow in greenhouse, and matrix shipping work amount is big, efficiency is low, and labor intensity is big, and economic benefit is relatively low.
The content of the invention
To solve the deficiency of existing greenhouse mesostroma cultivation technique, it is an object of the invention to provide one kind suppresses continuous cropping obstacle, cultivation seeding row spacing is adjustable, water-saving fertilizer-saving, reduction pest and disease damage, for the tomato in greenhouse, cucumber bag containing soilless substrate cultural method.The cultural method is easy to operate, economical and practical、Energy-conserving and environment-protective.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
For the tomato in greenhouse, cucumber bag containing soilless substrate cultural method, including：Mixed-matrix 4, bag containing soilless substrate 3, drip irrigation pipeline are collectively constituted.
Mixed-matrix 4 is formulated by the stalks such as fine sand, cattle and sheep excrement, charing rice wheat husk or light sandy loam, fertile soil, vermiculite.
Drip irrigation pipeline is made up of dropper 1, water dropper 2, water tank 6 and supervisor 7.
Bag containing soilless substrate 3 is cuboid, is longitudinally put successively by line-spacing, beats cultivation hole 5 by spacing in the rows and transplants, vegetables nursery stock requires balled transplanting.
Mixed-matrix 4 is formulated by fine sand, cattle and sheep excrement, charing rice wheat husk etc. stalk in proportion 4：3：3, or light sandy loam, fertile soil, vermiculite in proportion 4：4：2 are formulated, and mixed-matrix physical and chemical index, which is met, to be required：PH value 6.0~8.5；Nitrogen content ＞ 1.1g/kg；Potassium content ＞ 19g/kg；Phosphorus content ＞ 0.7g/kg；Salt content ＜ 0.11%；Matrix is prewetted water content 60-70%.
Bag containing soilless substrate 3 is cuboid, specification 55cm（Cultivate length direction）×35cm（Cultivate width）×25cm（Cropping depth direction）, volume is 0.041~0.048m3, weight is in 28~35kg, and 45~50cm of line-spacing that bag containing soilless substrate is put is adjustable, 20~45cm of spacing in the rows of cultivation, Winter-Spring, early spring 20~25cm of stubble spacing in the rows；Qiu Yan, autumn and winter 30~35cm of stubble spacing in the rows；Survive the winter, stubble 40~45cm of spacing in the rows of long season, transplanted in cultivation hole in 5.
Mm the and 12mm black PVC pipes of diameter 16 are respectively adopted in drip irrigation supervisor 7 and dropper 1, when cultivated tomato and cucumber, and water dropper is from flow 3L/h~4L/h is adjustable.
The fine sand particle diameter of mixed-matrix 4 is 0.1~2mm.
The stalks such as the rice wheat husk of mixed-matrix 4 are fried or burning carbonizes it, protect using complete blackening charing but substantially original shape as standard, pH value more than 8 washs neutralization with sulfuric acid dilution, makes to use after pH stable.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is advantageous in that：It can be different with the cultivation crops for rotation of tomato according to cucumber, flexible modulation spacing in the rows and line-spacing.Using water tank drip irrigation, increase temperature of irrigation water, improve vegetable yields and quality.Inorganic Substrate Components in mixed-matrix increase the water-retaining property and ion-exchange capacity of mixed-matrix, and organic substrate composition improves mixed-matrix aeration and drainage.Bag containing soilless substrate quality is light and handy, and a people can carry and operate.The patented technology solves soil hardening and the soil-borne disease insect pest that greenhouse continuous cropping obstacle is brought, and cultural method water saving, section fertilizer, and chamber humidity is low, and vegetables are difficult sick.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the tomato being used in greenhouse of the present invention, the structural representation of a specific embodiment of cucumber bag containing soilless substrate；
Fig. 2 is the tomato being used in greenhouse in Fig. 1, the dimensional structure diagram of cucumber bag containing soilless substrate；
Fig. 3 is the tomato being used in greenhouse of the present invention, the drip irrigation pipeline composition schematic diagram of cucumber bag containing soilless substrate cultural method；
The implication of reference in figure：1- droppers, 2- water droppers, 3- bag containing soilless substrates, 4- mixed-matrixes, 5- cultivations hole, 6- water tanks, 7- drip irrigations supervisor, 8- support frames.
Embodiment
The present invention is further introduced and illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Reference picture 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, mixed-matrix 4 of the invention are formulated by the stalks such as fine sand, cattle and sheep excrement, charing rice wheat husk or light sandy loam, fertile soil, vermiculite.Preferably, in proportion 4：3：3 or 4：4：2 are formulated, and mixed-matrix physical and chemical index, which is met, to be required：PH value 6.0~8.5；Nitrogen content ＞ 1.1g/kg；Potassium content ＞ 19g/kg；Phosphorus content ＞ 0.7g/kg；Salt content ＜ 0.11%；Matrix is prewetted water content 60-70%.Puddle it is uniform, sterilize, be fitted into bag containing soilless substrate 3, seal.
Two kinds of formulas of mixed-matrix 4 are optional using the number situation of ground raw material according to hothouse production, and the Inorganic Substrate Components in mixed-matrix 4 increase the water-retaining property and ion-exchange capacity of mixed-matrix, and organic substrate composition improves mixed-matrix aeration and drainage.
As a kind of preferred scheme, the fine sand particle diameter during mixed-matrix 4 of the invention is formulated is 0.1~2mm.The stalks such as rice wheat husk are fried or burning carbonizes it, protect using complete blackening charing but substantially original shape as standard, pH value more than 8 washs neutralization with sulfuric acid dilution, makes to use after pH stable.
It is used as a kind of preferred scheme, described cuboid bag containing soilless substrate 3, specification 55cm（Cultivate length direction）×35cm（Cultivate width）×25cm（Cropping depth direction）, volume is 0.041~0.048m3, weight is in 28~35kg, and the quality of bag containing soilless substrate 3 is moderate, volume is impartial, meets ergonomics, is easy to a people to carry and operate.
Preferably, the tomato being used in greenhouse of the present invention, cucumber bag containing soilless substrate cultural method, it can be different with the cultivation crops for rotation of cucumber according to tomato, and 45~50cm of line-spacing that bag containing soilless substrate is put is adjustable, 20~45cm of spacing in the rows of cultivation, Winter-Spring, 20~25cm of spacing in the rows of early spring stubble；Qiu Yan, autumn and winter stubble 30~35cm of spacing in the rows；Survive the winter, long season stubble 40~45cm of spacing in the rows.Flexible modulation bag containing soilless substrate 3 put line-spacing and thereon cultivation hole 5 spacing in the rows, need line-spacing and spacing in the rows to be cultivated by vegetables.
As a kind of preferred scheme, water tank 6 is put on greenhouse east-west direction centre position, 1 meter of frame 8 supported above of height, 5~7L of volume.Diameter 16mm and 12mm black PVC pipe is respectively adopted in drip irrigation supervisor 7 and dropper 1.Temperature of irrigation water is increased using water tank drip irrigation, vegetable yields and quality is increased substantially, shortens growth period.Cause drip irrigation reliable from pressure gravity drip-irrigation, be not easily blocked water dropper.
It is further preferred that during cultivated tomato, water dropper 2 is from flow 3L/h；During cultivated cucumber, water dropper 2 selects flow 4L/h, and the flow of water dropper is optional, meets the different demands of tomato and cucumber breeding time water requirement.
The patented technology solves soil hardening and the pest and disease damage growth that greenhouse continuous cropping obstacle is brought.Bag containing soilless substrate cultural method entirety cultivation effect is good, and water saving, section fertilizer, chamber humidity are effectively reduced, and vegetables are difficult sick.
The present invention is comprised the following steps that for tomato in greenhouse, cucumber bag containing soilless substrate cultural method：
Mixed-matrix 4, which is prepared, by raw material and proportioning --- puddles uniform mixed-matrix 4 and --- sterilize that --- mixed-matrix 4 loads bag containing soilless substrate 3, and --- bag containing soilless substrate 3 is sealed, and --- bag containing soilless substrate 3 is placed in greenhouse by line-spacing, and --- by spacing in the rows beating cultivation hole 5 on bag containing soilless substrate 3, --- laying drip irrigation supervisor 7 --- connects dropper 1 --- arranging water dropper 2 --- transplanted plantlets to mixed-matrix 4.
It should be noted that the invention is not limited in any way for above-described embodiment, all technical schemes obtained by the way of equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation all should be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of tomato being used in greenhouse, cucumber bag containing soilless substrate cultural method, including：Mixed-matrix, bag containing soilless substrate, drip irrigation pipeline are collectively constituted；Characterized in that, mixed-matrix formula is formulated in proportion by the stalks such as fine sand, cattle and sheep excrement, charing rice wheat husk or light sandy loam, fertile soil, vermiculite；Drip irrigation pipeline is made up of water tank, supervisor, dropper and water dropper；Bag containing soilless substrate is cuboid, is longitudinally put successively by line-spacing, sets cultivation hole by spacing in the rows, transplants vegetables nursery stock.
2. the tomato according to claim 1 being used in greenhouse, cucumber bag containing soilless substrate cultural method, it is characterised in that：Described mixed-matrix formula is by fine sand, cattle and sheep excrement, charing rice wheat husk etc. stalk in proportion 4：3：3, or light sandy loam, fertile soil, vermiculite in proportion 4：4：2 prepare, and mixed-matrix physical and chemical index meets cultivation and required；Puddle uniform, sterilization, pack, sealing.
3. the tomato according to claim 1 being used in greenhouse, cucumber bag containing soilless substrate cultural method, it is characterised in that：Described bag containing soilless substrate specification is 55cm（Cultivate length direction）×35cm（Cultivate width）×25cm（Cropping depth direction）, volume is 0.041~0.048m3, weight is in 28~35kg, and 45~50cm of line-spacing that bag containing soilless substrate is put is adjustable, 20~45cm of spacing in the rows of cultivation, Winter-Spring, 20~25cm of spacing in the rows of early spring stubble；Qiu Yan, autumn and winter stubble 30~35cm of spacing in the rows；Survive the winter, long season stubble 40~45cm of spacing in the rows, beat cultivation hole transplant.
4. the tomato according to claim 1 being used in greenhouse, cucumber bag containing soilless substrate cultural method, it is characterised in that：Described water tank in the middle part of greenhouse, height more than 1 meter put, 5~7L of volume.
5. the tomato according to claim 1 being used in greenhouse, cucumber bag containing soilless substrate cultural method, it is characterised in that：Diameter 16mm and 12mm black PVC pipe is respectively adopted in described drip irrigation supervisor and dropper.
6. the tomato according to claim 1 being used in greenhouse, cucumber bag containing soilless substrate cultural method, it is characterised in that：Flow is adjustable when described water dropper, cultivated tomato and cucumber, from 3L/h~4L/h.
7. the fine sand according to claim 2 being formulated for mixed-matrix, it is characterised in that particle diameter is 0.1~2mm.
8. the stalks such as the charing rice wheat husk according to claim 2 being formulated for mixed-matrix, it is characterised in that：Fry or burning carbonize it, using complete blackening charing but protection original shape substantially is standard, pH value more than 8 washs neutralization with sulfuric acid dilution, after being used after pH stable.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610050417.8A CN106993522A (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2016-01-26 | A kind of tomato being used in greenhouse, cucumber bag containing soilless substrate cultural method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610050417.8A CN106993522A (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2016-01-26 | A kind of tomato being used in greenhouse, cucumber bag containing soilless substrate cultural method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106993522A true CN106993522A (en) | 2017-08-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610050417.8A Pending CN106993522A (en) | 2016-01-26 | 2016-01-26 | A kind of tomato being used in greenhouse, cucumber bag containing soilless substrate cultural method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110431974A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-11-12 | 新疆农业大学 | The water and fertilizer management method of desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production |
| CN110495355A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-11-26 | 安徽省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of Xinjiang region sesame under-film drip irrigation water-fertilizer integral cultural method |
| CN115039597A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-09-13 | 于仕民 | Substrate bag and soilless culture method for desert crops based on substrate bag |
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| CN102396409A (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2012-04-04 | 刘方旭 | Solar soil-less cultivation drop irrigation system and control method thereof |
| CN102783402A (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2012-11-21 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Bag culture system for large-scale production of solanaceous vegetables |
| CN103598073A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-26 | 苏州维登农业有限公司 | Method for soilless eggplant cultivation and planting in greenhouse |
| CN103319240B (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2014-07-30 | 沈阳农业大学 | Bag-culture composite nutritional matrix for tomatoes and preparation and nutrient and water management methods thereof |
| CN204482480U (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-07-22 | 武汉市农业科学研究所 | Muskmelon bag containing soilless substrate growing structures |
-
2016
- 2016-01-26 CN CN201610050417.8A patent/CN106993522A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102396409A (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2012-04-04 | 刘方旭 | Solar soil-less cultivation drop irrigation system and control method thereof |
| CN102783402A (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2012-11-21 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Bag culture system for large-scale production of solanaceous vegetables |
| CN103319240B (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2014-07-30 | 沈阳农业大学 | Bag-culture composite nutritional matrix for tomatoes and preparation and nutrient and water management methods thereof |
| CN103598073A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-26 | 苏州维登农业有限公司 | Method for soilless eggplant cultivation and planting in greenhouse |
| CN204482480U (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-07-22 | 武汉市农业科学研究所 | Muskmelon bag containing soilless substrate growing structures |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110431974A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-11-12 | 新疆农业大学 | The water and fertilizer management method of desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production |
| CN110495355A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-11-26 | 安徽省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of Xinjiang region sesame under-film drip irrigation water-fertilizer integral cultural method |
| CN115039597A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-09-13 | 于仕民 | Substrate bag and soilless culture method for desert crops based on substrate bag |
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Application publication date: 20170801 |