CN110431974A - The water and fertilizer management method of desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production - Google Patents
The water and fertilizer management method of desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production Download PDFInfo
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- CN110431974A CN110431974A CN201910613558.XA CN201910613558A CN110431974A CN 110431974 A CN110431974 A CN 110431974A CN 201910613558 A CN201910613558 A CN 201910613558A CN 110431974 A CN110431974 A CN 110431974A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of water and fertilizer management methods of desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production, it is related to desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production technical field, the following steps are included: step 1, the seeding and seedling raising phase pours water: sprinkling profoundly water before sowing to matrix 1, it sows 1 water content of backsight matrix moderately to water, holding, which is shown in, wet sees dry principle；Step 2, the control of setting date rich water: Xiang Jizhi 2 applies calcium superphosphate and makees base manure, and sprinkles profoundly water；Step 3, the control of seedling-slowing stage rich water: it is seedling-slowing stage that 1 week interior after field planting, and a seedling recovering water is poured after lobus cardiacus is grown, adds urea depending on young plant growing way；Step 4, the rich water control of flowering and fruit bearing phase: pour water makes the water content of matrix in the 80%-90% of saturated soil water content every time, and in the middle and later periods poured water with water flushing and spreading fertilizer.Water and fertilizer management method of the invention realizes trickle irrigation liquid manure under desert sunlight greenhouse cultivation condition and achievees the purpose that cucumber high yield, water-saving fertilizer-saving.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of greenhouse cucumber, and in particular to a kind of liquid manure of desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production
Management method.
Background technique
Cucumber alias cucumber, king's melon belong to Curcurbitaceae Cucumis, are an important crops of domestic vegetables production.Cucumber flavor
Road is delicious, is rich in multivitamin, fructose and mineral element, and nutritive value is higher.It contains double propyl alcohol diamines, cucumber chitinase etc.
Active material has certain effect to decompression, norcholesterol, defatting beauty.
With the raising of China's agrotechnical development and living standards of the people, cucumber enters into the meal of each family gradually
Table.Hotan Prefecture is located in southern Xinjiang, and desert and Gobi area is big, and land resource is deficient, and has sunlight-heat reaources very rich,
Therefore, developing heliogreenhouse to carry out crop production to Desert has been trend of the times.
Currently, the research achievement of sand culture vegetables production has very much, but related raw in Hotan Prefecture desert sunlight greenhouse vegetables
The correlative study report of production is fewer and fewer.In the greenhouse cucumber production process of Hotan Prefecture desert, there are watering, fertilizing it is excessive or
Very few phenomenon, phenomena such as leading to low output and poor quality.So existing water and fertilizer management method is not particularly suited for greenhouse cucumber
Cultivation therefore screen a kind of water and fertilizer management mode for being more suitable for Hotan Prefecture's desert sunlight greenhouse Plant Growth of Cucumber, with
Guarantee cucumber high yield and quality it is excellent very necessary.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of water and fertilizer management method of desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production, main purpose is
Filter out the water and fertilizer management mode of suitable Hotan Prefecture's desert sunlight greenhouse Plant Growth of Cucumber, with guarantee cucumber high yield and
Quality it is excellent.
In order to achieve the above objectives, present invention generally provides following technical solutions:
The present invention provides a kind of water and fertilizer management method of desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production, this method includes following step
It is rapid:
Step 1, seeding and seedling raising phase pour water: sprinkling profoundly water before sowing to matrix 1, sowing 1 water content of backsight matrix is moderately poured
Water, holding, which is shown in, wet sees dry principle；The matrix 1 is made of coco bran；
Step 2, the control of setting date rich water: Xiang Jizhi 2 applies calcium superphosphate and makees base manure and sprinkle profoundly water；The matrix 2 by
Sandy soil, coco bran and sufficiently decomposed organic fertilizer are formulated, and the volume ratio of sandy soil, coco bran and organic fertilizer is 2:1:1；
Step 3, the control of seedling-slowing stage rich water: it is seedling-slowing stage that 1 week is interior after field planting, and a seedling recovering water is poured after lobus cardiacus is grown,
Urea is added depending on young plant growing way；
Step 4, the rich water control of flowering and fruit bearing phase: pour water makes the water content of matrix in saturated soil water content every time
80%-90%, and in the middle and later periods poured water with water flushing and spreading fertilizer.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems also can be used following technical measures and further realize.
Optionally, in the step 4, fertilising pours water interval time as 2-3d, pours water every time 3.6-4.5L/ plants, every time
3.0-3.5g/ plants of fertilising.
Optionally, in the step 4, fertilization type is the compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element.
Optionally, the compound fertilizer is the weight ratio by a great number of elements Water soluble fertilizer and fragrant plant field Chun Zhilu compound fertilizer according to 1:2
It is formulated.
Optionally, in the step 1, after matrix 1 sprinkles profoundly water before sowing, water content reaches soil saturation water-holding capacity
80%-90%.
Optionally, in the step 2, after matrix 2 sprinkles profoundly water, water content reaches the 80%- of soil saturation water-holding capacity
90%.
Optionally, in the step 2, the sowing amount of the organic fertilizer is 7000-8000kg/ mus, and calcium superphosphate is applied
Entering amount is 35kg/ mus.
Optionally, in the step 3, the sowing amount of urea is 3-5kg/ mus.
Optionally, it in the step 4, pours water every time 4.5L/ plants, every time 3.5g/ plants of fertilising.
Optionally, the kind of the cucumber is middle peasant No. 37.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention is at least had the advantage that
Compared with existing Hotan Prefecture desert greenhouse cucumber production technology, the technology of the present invention specifies desert greenhouse Huang
Melon produces the amount of each stage fertilizing, watering, not only can guarantee the good quality and high output of cucumber, but also save liquid manure, is the life of cucumber
It produces and saves cost, increase remarkable in economical benefits.
Under different Capsicum yield combination conditions, the growth of cucumber plant, yield and quality are variant.Present invention employs
It pours water every 2-3d fertilising primary, pours water every time 3.6-4.5L/ plants, every time 3.0-3.5g/ plants of fertilising, be lower than existing and field
Liquid manure dosage in the greenhouse cucumber cultivation of area desert, but cucumber yield is but not less than existing yield.
Specific embodiment
Further to illustrate that the present invention to reach the technical means and efficacy that predetermined goal of the invention is taken, ties below
Preferred embodiment is closed, to specific embodiment, structure, feature and its effect applied according to the present invention, detailed description is as follows.
In the following description, what different " embodiment " or " embodiment " referred to is not necessarily the same embodiment.In addition, one or more
Special characteristic, structure or feature in embodiment can be combined by any suitable form.
Before the water and fertilizer management method for elaborating desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production of the present invention, it is necessary to this hair
The associated materials referred in bright are described further, to reach better effect.In the present invention:
Trial zone of the invention is located at gold leaf village, the Hetian City Hetian County township Ji Ya.The township Ji Ya is located in Yulongkashen River east bank,
Domestic topography is high in the south and low in the north, mean sea level 1300.0m, for typical continental drought desert weather, 11.5 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year,
Average precipitation over the years is 32.0mm, frost-free period 212d, and sunlight-heat reaources are abundant.
Heliogreenhouse for test is full steel structure, and resistance natural calamity ability is strong, the long 60.0m in greenhouse, span 8.0m,
The high 4.3m of ridge.
Matrix 1 used in the present invention is made of coco bran.
The ingredient of matrix 2 used in the present invention is Sha Tu ﹕ Ye Kang ﹕ sheep dung=2 ﹕, 1 ﹕ 1 (volume ratio), and wherein sheep dung is through abundant
Decomposed to be used as organic fertilizer, wherein the sowing amount of sheep dung is 7000-8000kg/ mus, bulk density 1.03g.cm before matrix 2 is cultivated-3, always
Porosity 47%, 1 ﹕ 4.2 of gas-water ratio.
Experiment of embodiment of the present invention compound fertilizer used is Beijing Shu Hui Science and Technology Ltd. and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences vegetable
A great number of elements Water soluble fertilizer (Dan ﹕ Lin ﹕ potassium=17 ﹕, 9 ﹕ 34 of cauliflower grass research institute research and development) and Shenzhen fragrant plant field ecological engineering share
The fragrant plant field Chun Zhilu compound fertilizer (nitrogen ﹕ phosphorus ﹕ potassium=20 ﹕, 20 ﹕ 5) of Co., Ltd's production, a great number of elements Water soluble fertilizer and fragrant plant in compound fertilizer
The configuration proportion of field Chun Zhilu compound fertilizer is 1:2 (weight ratio).
The confession of the embodiment of the present invention plants experimentally son and is all made of Zhong Shuzhong industry section, Vegetable & Flower Inst., Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science
' middle peasant No. 37 ' of skill (Beijing) Co., Ltd production.The kind growth potential is strong, tolerance to low temperature and weak light, and comprehensive premunition is strong, is suitable for
Heliogreenhouse and Plastic canopy culture.
Half is used with water and fertilizer management combination optimal in the desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production of field, this experiment in order to filter out
Ground type slot is planted, and supplies combination using different liquid manure, obtains height by the growth of measurement cucumber plant, yield, the index of quality
Produce, good Capsicum yield combination, thus for this area desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber cultivation high yield, it is high-quality provide it is certain
With reference to.
Each embodiment of the invention is the processing in RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, 2 factors of pouring water and apply fertilizer is arranged, each
3 levels are respectively set under factor, amount to 9 processing and a control.With the supply of liquid manure in local peasant household's greenhouse cucumber cultivation
Amount is reference examples 1 (CK), and each 3.8g/ plants of fertilising is poured water 5.0L/ plants.2 repetitions are arranged in each processing, amount to 20 small
Area, each plot area 7.7m2, difference handles to combine for fertilizer amount with water supply is shown in Table 1.
The different water supplies of table 1 are combined with for fertilizer amount processing
Below with reference to embodiment and reference examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1 (F1W1)
Specific step is as follows:
Step 1, the seeding and seedling raising phase pours water: on January 25th, 2018 seeding and seedling raising, using 50 hole hole trays as container for plant growth contain
Matrix 1, matrix 1 sprinkles profoundly water before sowing, its is made to keep higher humidity (the 80% of soil saturation water-holding capacity), after insemination and emergence
It moderately waters depending on hole tray mesostroma water content, holding, which is shown in, wet sees dry principle.
Step 2, setting date rich water is managed:
(1) prepare before field planting: this test is planted using half ground type slot, wherein (the underground groove width 60.0cm, groove depth 40.0cm
Part depth 20.0cm, the high 20.0cm of aerial part), matrix 2 used in this test is contained in slot, wherein the dosage of sheep dung is
7000kg/ mus, trapezoidal ridge, bottom width 60.0cm, upper bottom width 40.0cm, high 20.0cm under ridge, the wide 50.0cm of furrow are played on the ground.
(2) be colonized: field planting on March 11st, 2018 is colonized the cucumber seedling with 3 leaf, 1 heart, spacing in the rows 30.0cm, every ridge
Two rows, the distance between two rows are 25.0cm, and every cell plants 42 plants.Calcium superphosphate 35kg is applied per acre and makees base manure, before field planting
Root irrigation is carried out to cucumber seedling with 700 times of amidin of taking root, it is made to keep higher humidity (soil saturation water holding
The 80% of amount).The hole of a 5.0cm depth is made a call to every 30.0 cm on ridge when field planting, is colonized using " product " font.It is first when field planting
Planting water is irrigated, the next morning pours 700 times of amidins of taking root again, the earthing after water infiltration is lower.
Step 3, seedling-slowing stage rich water is managed: it is seedling-slowing stage that 1 week interior after field planting, a seedling recovering water is poured after lobus cardiacus is grown, often
Mu applies 3kg urea, and soil moisture is maintained at the 80% of soil saturation water-holding capacity in greenhouse, and air humidity is maintained at 70%.
Step 4, it the rich water control of flowering and fruit bearing phase: is required to use water-fertilizer integral under-film drip irrigation shape according to experimental design
Formula carries out feed flow fertilizer, makes its soil moisture content the 80% of soil saturation water-holding capacity, the middle and later periods of each dripping irrigation water rushes with water
Compound fertilizer is applied, the liquid manure demand of cucumber production is met, fertilising pours water interval time as 2d, pours water 3.6L/ plants, apply every time every time
It is 3.0g/ plants fertile.Plant starts when growing 8-10 piece leaf with cord hanging tendril, the regular side shoot and tendril for removing plant, reduction nutrient
Consumption.The indoor temperature and humidity of temperature is adjusted in time by adjusting ventilation opening size, meets cucumber growth demand.
Embodiment 2 (F1W2)
Specific step is as follows:
Step 1, the seeding and seedling raising phase pours water: on January 25th, 2018 seeding and seedling raising, using 50 hole hole trays as container for plant growth contain
Matrix 1, matrix 1 sprinkles profoundly water before sowing, its is made to keep higher humidity (the 85% of soil saturation water-holding capacity), after insemination and emergence
It moderately waters depending on hole tray mesostroma water content, holding, which is shown in, wet sees dry principle.
Step 2, setting date rich water is managed:
(1) prepare before field planting: this test is planted using half ground type slot, wherein (the underground groove width 60.0cm, groove depth 40.0cm
Part depth 20.0cm, the high 20.0cm of aerial part), matrix 2 used in this test is contained in slot, wherein the amount of application of sheep dung is
7500kg/ mus, trapezoidal ridge, bottom width 60.0cm, upper bottom width 40.0cm, high 20.0cm under ridge, the wide 50.0cm of furrow are played on the ground.
(2) be colonized: field planting on March 11st, 2018 is colonized the cucumber seedling with 3 leaf, 1 heart, spacing in the rows 30.0cm, every ridge
Two rows, the distance between two rows are 25.0cm, and every cell plants 42 plants.Calcium superphosphate 35kg is applied per acre and makees base manure, before field planting
Root irrigation is carried out to cucumber seedling with 700 times of amidin of taking root, it is made to keep higher humidity (soil saturation water holding
The 85% of amount).The hole of a 5.0cm depth is made a call to every 30.0 cm on ridge when field planting, is colonized using " product " font.It is first when field planting
Planting water is irrigated, the next morning pours 700 times of amidins of taking root again, the earthing after water infiltration is lower.
Step 3, seedling-slowing stage rich water is managed: it is seedling-slowing stage that 1 week interior after field planting, a seedling recovering water is poured after lobus cardiacus is grown, often
Mu applies 4kg urea, and soil moisture is maintained at the 80% of soil saturation water-holding capacity in greenhouse, and air humidity is maintained at 70%.
Step 4, it the rich water control of flowering and fruit bearing phase: is required to use water-fertilizer integral under-film drip irrigation shape according to experimental design
Formula carries out feed flow fertilizer, makes its soil moisture content the 85% of soil saturation water-holding capacity, the middle and later periods of each dripping irrigation water rushes with water
Compound fertilizer is applied, the liquid manure demand of cucumber production is met, fertilising pours water interval time as 3d, pours water 4.5L/ plants, apply every time every time
It is 3.0g/ plants fertile.Plant starts when growing 8-10 piece leaf with cord hanging tendril, the regular side shoot and tendril for removing plant, reduction nutrient
Consumption.The indoor temperature and humidity of temperature is adjusted in time by adjusting ventilation opening size, meets cucumber growth demand.
Embodiment 3 (F2W1)
Specific step is as follows:
Step 1, the seeding and seedling raising phase pours water: on January 25th, 2018 seeding and seedling raising, using 50 hole hole trays as container for plant growth contain
Matrix 1, matrix 1 sprinkles profoundly water before sowing, its is made to keep higher humidity (the 90% of soil saturation water-holding capacity), after insemination and emergence
It moderately waters depending on hole tray mesostroma water content, holding, which is shown in, wet sees dry principle.
Step 2, setting date rich water is managed:
(1) prepare before field planting: this test is planted using half ground type slot, wherein (the underground groove width 60.0cm, groove depth 40.0cm
Part depth 20.0cm, the high 20.0cm of aerial part), matrix 2 used in this test is contained in slot, wherein the amount of application of sheep dung is
8000kg/ mus, trapezoidal ridge, bottom width 60.0cm, upper bottom width 40.0cm, high 20.0cm under ridge, the wide 50.0cm of furrow are played on the ground.
(2) be colonized: field planting on March 11st, 2018 is colonized the cucumber seedling with 3 leaf, 1 heart, spacing in the rows 30.0cm, every ridge
Two rows, the distance between two rows are 25.0cm, and every cell plants 42 plants.Calcium superphosphate 35kg is applied per acre and makees base manure, before field planting
Root irrigation is carried out to cucumber seedling with 700 times of amidin of taking root, it is made to keep higher humidity (soil saturation water holding
The 90% of amount).The hole of a 5.0cm depth is made a call to every 30.0 cm on ridge when field planting, is colonized using " product " font.It is first when field planting
Planting water is irrigated, the next morning pours 700 times of amidins of taking root again, the earthing after water infiltration is lower.
Step 3, seedling-slowing stage rich water is managed: it is seedling-slowing stage that 1 week interior after field planting, a seedling recovering water is poured after lobus cardiacus is grown, often
Mu applies 4kg urea, and soil moisture is maintained at the 80% of soil saturation water-holding capacity in greenhouse, and air humidity is maintained at 70%.
Step 4, it the rich water control of flowering and fruit bearing phase: is required to use water-fertilizer integral under-film drip irrigation shape according to experimental design
Formula carries out feed flow fertilizer, makes soil moisture content the 90% of soil saturation water-holding capacity, the middle and later periods of each dripping irrigation water applies with water punching
Fertilizer meets the liquid manure demand of cucumber production, and fertilising pours water interval time as 2d, pours water every time 3.6L/ plants, applies fertilizer every time
3.5g/ strain.Plant starts to use cord hanging tendril when growing 8-10 piece leaf, periodically removes the side shoot and tendril of plant, reduces nutrient and disappears
Consumption.The indoor temperature and humidity of temperature is adjusted in time by adjusting ventilation opening size, meets cucumber growth demand.
Embodiment 4 (F2W2)
Specific step is as follows:
Step 1, the seeding and seedling raising phase pours water:: on January 25th, 2018 seeding and seedling raising, using 50 hole hole trays as container for plant growth contain
Matrix 1, matrix 1 sprinkles profoundly water before sowing, its is made to keep higher humidity (the 80% of soil saturation water-holding capacity), after insemination and emergence
It moderately waters depending on hole tray mesostroma water content, holding, which is shown in, wet sees dry principle.
Step 2, setting date rich water is managed:
(1) prepare before field planting: this test is planted using half ground type slot, wherein (the underground groove width 60.0cm, groove depth 40.0cm
Part depth 20.0cm, the high 20.0cm of aerial part), matrix 2 used in this test is contained in slot, wherein the amount of application of sheep dung is
7000kg/ mus, trapezoidal ridge, bottom width 60.0cm, upper bottom width 40.0cm, high 20.0cm under ridge, the wide 50.0cm of furrow are played on the ground.
(2) be colonized: field planting on March 11st, 2018 is colonized the cucumber seedling with 3 leaf, 1 heart, spacing in the rows 30.0cm, every ridge
Two rows, the distance between two rows are 25.0cm, and every cell plants 42 plants.Calcium superphosphate 35kg is applied per acre and makees base manure, before field planting
Root irrigation is carried out to cucumber seedling with 700 times of amidin of taking root, it is made to keep higher humidity (soil saturation water holding
The 90% of amount).The hole of a 5.0cm depth is made a call to every 30.0 cm on ridge when field planting, is colonized using " product " font.It is first when field planting
Planting water is irrigated, the next morning pours 700 times of amidins of taking root again, the earthing after water infiltration is lower.
Step 3, seedling-slowing stage rich water is managed: it is seedling-slowing stage that 1 week interior after field planting, a seedling recovering water is poured after lobus cardiacus is grown, often
Mu applies 5kg urea, and soil moisture is maintained at the 80% of soil saturation water-holding capacity in greenhouse, and air humidity is maintained at 70%.
Step 4, it the rich water control of flowering and fruit bearing phase: is required to use water-fertilizer integral under-film drip irrigation shape according to experimental design
Formula carries out feed flow fertilizer, makes its soil moisture content the 87% of soil saturation water-holding capacity, the middle and later periods of each dripping irrigation water rushes with water
Fertilising material meets the liquid manure demand of cucumber production, and fertilising pours water interval time as 3d, pours water every time 4.5L/ plants, applies fertilizer every time
3.5g/ strain.Plant starts to use cord hanging tendril when growing 8-10 piece leaf, periodically removes the side shoot and tendril of plant, reduces nutrient and disappears
Consumption.The indoor temperature and humidity of temperature is adjusted in time by adjusting ventilation opening size, meets cucumber growth demand.
Reference examples 2 (F1W3)
Specific step is as follows:
Step 1, the seeding and seedling raising phase pours water:: on January 25th, 2018 seeding and seedling raising, using 50 hole hole trays as container for plant growth contain
Matrix 1, matrix 1 sprinkles profoundly water before sowing, its is made to keep higher humidity (the 80% of soil saturation water-holding capacity), after insemination and emergence
It moderately waters depending on hole tray mesostroma water content, holding, which is shown in, wet sees dry principle.
Step 2, setting date rich water is managed:
(1) prepare before field planting: this test is planted using half ground type slot, wherein (the underground groove width 60.0cm, groove depth 40.0cm
Part depth 20.0cm, the high 20.0cm of aerial part), matrix 2 used in this test is contained in slot, wherein the amount of application of sheep dung is
7500kg/ mus, trapezoidal ridge, bottom width 60.0cm, upper bottom width 40.0cm, high 20.0cm under ridge, the wide 50.0cm of furrow are played on the ground.
(2) be colonized: field planting on March 11st, 2018 is colonized the cucumber seedling with 3 leaf, 1 heart, spacing in the rows 30.0cm, every ridge
Two rows, the distance between two rows are 25.0cm, and every cell plants 42 plants.Calcium superphosphate 35kg is applied per acre and makees base manure, before field planting
Root irrigation is carried out to cucumber seedling with 700 times of amidin of taking root, it is made to keep higher humidity (soil saturation water holding
The 90% of amount).The hole of a 5.0cm depth is made a call to every 30.0 cm on ridge when field planting, is colonized using " product " font.It is first when field planting
Planting water is irrigated, the next morning pours 700 times of amidins of taking root again, the earthing after water infiltration is lower.
Step 3, seedling-slowing stage rich water is managed: it is seedling-slowing stage that 1 week interior after field planting, a seedling recovering water is poured after lobus cardiacus is grown, often
Mu applies 5kg urea, and soil moisture is maintained at the 80% of soil saturation water-holding capacity in greenhouse, and air humidity is maintained at 70%.
Step 4, it the rich water control of flowering and fruit bearing phase: is required to use water-fertilizer integral under-film drip irrigation shape according to experimental design
Formula carries out feed flow fertilizer, makes its soil moisture content the 87% of soil saturation water-holding capacity, the middle and later periods of each dripping irrigation water rushes with water
Fertilising material meets the liquid manure demand of cucumber production, and fertilising pours water interval time as 3d, pours water every time 5.4L/ plants, applies fertilizer every time
3.0g/ strain.Plant starts to use cord hanging tendril when growing 8-10 piece leaf, periodically removes the side shoot and tendril of plant, reduces nutrient and disappears
Consumption.The indoor temperature and humidity of temperature is adjusted in time by adjusting ventilation opening size, meets cucumber growth demand.
Reference examples 3 (F2W3)
Specific step is as follows:
Step 1, the seeding and seedling raising phase pours water:: on January 25th, 2018 seeding and seedling raising, using 50 hole hole trays as container for plant growth contain
Matrix 1, matrix 1 sprinkles profoundly water before sowing, its is made to keep higher humidity (the 80% of soil saturation water-holding capacity), after insemination and emergence
It moderately waters depending on hole tray mesostroma water content, holding, which is shown in, wet sees dry principle.
Step 2, setting date rich water is managed:
(1) prepare before field planting: this test is planted using half ground type slot, wherein (the underground groove width 60.0cm, groove depth 40.0cm
Part depth 20.0cm, the high 20.0cm of aerial part), matrix 2 used in this test is contained in slot, wherein the amount of application of sheep dung is
8000kg/ mus, trapezoidal ridge, bottom width 60.0cm, upper bottom width 40.0cm, high 20.0cm under ridge, the wide 50.0cm of furrow are played on the ground.
(2) be colonized: field planting on March 11st, 2018 is colonized the cucumber seedling with 3 leaf, 1 heart, spacing in the rows 30.0cm, every ridge
Two rows, the distance between two rows are 25.0cm, and every cell plants 42 plants.Calcium superphosphate 35kg is applied per acre and makees base manure, before field planting
Root irrigation is carried out to cucumber seedling with 700 times of amidin of taking root, it is made to keep higher humidity (soil saturation water holding
The 90% of amount).The hole of a 5.0cm depth is made a call to every 30.0 cm on ridge when field planting, is colonized using " product " font.It is first when field planting
Planting water is irrigated, the next morning pours 700 times of amidins of taking root again, the earthing after water infiltration is lower.
Step 3, seedling-slowing stage rich water is managed: it is seedling-slowing stage that 1 week interior after field planting, a seedling recovering water is poured after lobus cardiacus is grown, often
Mu applies 5kg urea, and soil moisture is maintained at the 80% of soil saturation water-holding capacity in greenhouse, and air humidity is maintained at 70%.
Step 4, it the rich water control of flowering and fruit bearing phase: is required to use water-fertilizer integral under-film drip irrigation shape according to experimental design
Formula carries out feed flow fertilizer, makes its soil moisture content the 87% of soil saturation water-holding capacity, the middle and later periods of each dripping irrigation water rushes with water
Fertilising material meets the liquid manure demand of cucumber production, and fertilising pours water interval time as 2d, pours water every time 5.4L/ plants, applies fertilizer every time
3.5g/ strain.Plant starts to use cord hanging tendril when growing 8-10 piece leaf, periodically removes the side shoot and tendril of plant, reduces nutrient and disappears
Consumption.The indoor temperature and humidity of temperature is adjusted in time by adjusting ventilation opening size, meets cucumber growth demand.
Reference examples 4 (F3W1)
Specific step is as follows:
Step 1, the seeding and seedling raising phase pours water:: on January 25th, 2018 seeding and seedling raising, using 50 hole hole trays as container for plant growth contain
Matrix 1, matrix 1 sprinkles profoundly water before sowing, its is made to keep higher humidity (the 80% of soil saturation water-holding capacity), after insemination and emergence
It moderately waters depending on hole tray mesostroma water content, holding, which is shown in, wet sees dry principle.
Step 2, setting date rich water is managed:
(1) prepare before field planting: this test is planted using half ground type slot, wherein (the underground groove width 60.0cm, groove depth 40.0cm
Part depth 20.0cm, the high 20.0cm of aerial part), matrix 2 used in this test is contained in slot, wherein the amount of application of sheep dung is
7000kg/ mus, trapezoidal ridge, bottom width 60.0cm, upper bottom width 40.0cm, high 20.0cm under ridge, the wide 50.0cm of furrow are played on the ground.
(2) be colonized: field planting on March 11st, 2018 is colonized the cucumber seedling with 3 leaf, 1 heart, spacing in the rows 30.0cm, every ridge
Two rows, the distance between two rows are 25.0cm, and every cell plants 42 plants.Calcium superphosphate 35kg is applied per acre and makees base manure, before field planting
Root irrigation is carried out to cucumber seedling with 700 times of amidin of taking root, it is made to keep higher humidity (soil saturation water holding
The 90% of amount).The hole of a 5.0cm depth is made a call to every 30.0 cm on ridge when field planting, is colonized using " product " font.It is first when field planting
Planting water is irrigated, the next morning pours 700 times of amidins of taking root again, the earthing after water infiltration is lower.
Step 3, seedling-slowing stage rich water is managed: it is seedling-slowing stage that 1 week interior after field planting, a seedling recovering water is poured after lobus cardiacus is grown, often
Mu applies 5kg urea, and soil moisture is maintained at the 80% of soil saturation water-holding capacity in greenhouse, and air humidity is maintained at 70%.
Step 4, the rich water control of flowering and fruit bearing phase requires to use water-fertilizer integral under-film drip irrigation form according to experimental design
Feed flow fertilizer is carried out, makes its soil moisture content the 87% of soil saturation water-holding capacity, the middle and later periods of each dripping irrigation water applies with water punching
Fertilizer meets the liquid manure demand of cucumber production, and fertilising pours water interval time as 3d, pours water every time 3.6L/ plants, applies fertilizer every time
4.0g/ strain.Plant starts to use cord hanging tendril when growing 8-10 piece leaf, periodically removes the side shoot and tendril of plant, reduces nutrient and disappears
Consumption.The indoor temperature and humidity of temperature is adjusted in time by adjusting ventilation opening size, meets cucumber growth demand.
Reference examples 5 (F3W2)
Specific step is as follows:
Step 1, the seeding and seedling raising phase pours water:: on January 25th, 2018 seeding and seedling raising, using 50 hole hole trays as container for plant growth contain
Matrix 1, matrix 1 sprinkles profoundly water before sowing, its is made to keep higher humidity (the 80% of soil saturation water-holding capacity), after insemination and emergence
It moderately waters depending on hole tray mesostroma water content, holding, which is shown in, wet sees dry principle.
Step 2, setting date rich water is managed:
(1) prepare before field planting: this test is planted using half ground type slot, wherein (the underground groove width 60.0cm, groove depth 40.0cm
Part depth 20.0cm, the high 20.0cm of aerial part), matrix 2 used in this test is contained in slot, wherein the amount of application of sheep dung is
7500kg/ mus, trapezoidal ridge, bottom width 60.0cm, upper bottom width 40.0cm, high 20.0cm under ridge, the wide 50.0cm of furrow are played on the ground.
(2) be colonized: field planting on March 11st, 2018 is colonized the cucumber seedling with 3 leaf, 1 heart, spacing in the rows 30.0cm, every ridge
Two rows, the distance between two rows are 25.0cm, and every cell plants 42 plants.Calcium superphosphate 35kg is applied per acre and makees base manure, before field planting
Root irrigation is carried out to cucumber seedling with 700 times of amidin of taking root, it is made to keep higher humidity (soil saturation water holding
The 90% of amount).The hole of a 5.0cm depth is made a call to every 30.0 cm on ridge when field planting, is colonized using " product " font.It is first when field planting
Planting water is irrigated, the next morning pours 700 times of amidins of taking root again, the earthing after water infiltration is lower.
Step 3, seedling-slowing stage rich water is managed: it is seedling-slowing stage that 1 week interior after field planting, a seedling recovering water is poured after lobus cardiacus is grown, often
Mu applies 5kg urea, and soil moisture is maintained at the 80% of soil saturation water-holding capacity in greenhouse, and air humidity is maintained at 70%.
Step 4, it the rich water control of flowering and fruit bearing phase: is required to use water-fertilizer integral under-film drip irrigation shape according to experimental design
Formula carries out feed flow fertilizer, makes its soil moisture content the 87% of soil saturation water-holding capacity, the middle and later periods of each dripping irrigation water rushes with water
Fertilising material meets the liquid manure demand of cucumber production, and fertilising pours water interval time as 2d, pours water every time 4.5L/ plants, applies fertilizer every time
4.0g/ strain.Plant starts to use cord hanging tendril when growing 8-10 piece leaf, periodically removes the side shoot and tendril of plant, reduces nutrient and disappears
Consumption.The indoor temperature and humidity of temperature is adjusted in time by adjusting ventilation opening size, meets cucumber growth demand.
Reference examples 6 (F3W3)
Specific step is as follows:
Step 1, the seeding and seedling raising phase pours water:: on January 25th, 2018 seeding and seedling raising, using 50 hole hole trays as container for plant growth contain
Matrix 1, matrix 1 sprinkles profoundly water before sowing, its is made to keep higher humidity (the 80% of soil saturation water-holding capacity), after insemination and emergence
It moderately waters depending on hole tray mesostroma water content, holding, which is shown in, wet sees dry principle.
Step 2, setting date rich water is managed:
(1) prepare before field planting: this test is planted using half ground type slot, wherein (the underground groove width 60.0cm, groove depth 40.0cm
Part depth 20.0cm, the high 20.0cm of aerial part), matrix 2 used in this test is contained in slot, wherein the amount of application of sheep dung is
8000kg/ mus, trapezoidal ridge, bottom width 60.0cm, upper bottom width 40.0cm, high 20.0cm under ridge, the wide 50.0cm of furrow are played on the ground.
(2) be colonized: field planting on March 11st, 2018 is colonized the cucumber seedling with 3 leaf, 1 heart, spacing in the rows 30.0cm, every ridge
Two rows, the distance between two rows are 25.0cm, and every cell plants 42 plants.Calcium superphosphate 35kg is applied per acre and makees base manure, before field planting
Root irrigation is carried out to cucumber seedling with 700 times of amidin of taking root, it is made to keep higher humidity (soil saturation water holding
The 90% of amount).The hole of a 5.0cm depth is made a call to every 30.0 cm on ridge when field planting, is colonized using " product " font.It is first when field planting
Planting water is irrigated, the next morning pours 700 times of amidins of taking root again, the earthing after water infiltration is lower.
Step 3, seedling-slowing stage rich water is managed: it is seedling-slowing stage that 1 week interior after field planting, a seedling recovering water is poured after lobus cardiacus is grown, often
Mu applies 5kg urea, and soil moisture is maintained at the 80% of soil saturation water-holding capacity in greenhouse, and air humidity is maintained at 70%.
Step 4, it the rich water control of flowering and fruit bearing phase: is required to use water-fertilizer integral under-film drip irrigation shape according to experimental design
Formula carries out feed flow fertilizer, makes its soil moisture content the 87% of soil saturation water-holding capacity, the middle and later periods of each dripping irrigation water rushes with water
Fertilising material meets the liquid manure demand of cucumber production, and fertilising pours water interval time as 3d, pours water every time 5.4L/ plants, applies fertilizer every time
4.0g/ strain.Plant starts to use cord hanging tendril when growing 8-10 piece leaf, periodically removes the side shoot and tendril of plant, reduces nutrient and disappears
Consumption.The indoor temperature and humidity of temperature is adjusted in time by adjusting ventilation opening size, meets cucumber growth demand.
Above-described embodiment and reference examples are analyzed as follows according to various criterion:
(1) under the conditions of different Capsicum yields cucumber yield comparison
As shown in Table 2, respectively processing per plant number is in 7.0-11.0, and there were significant differences between processing, applies identical
Under rich water is flat, influence of the different irrigation to per plant number shows as W2 > W1 > W3, different in the case where identical irrigation quantity is horizontal
Influence of the dose to per plant number shows as F2 > F1 > F3.The per plant number highest of F2W2 is 11.05, than control
Example 1 is higher by 10.5%, and processing F1W2 per plant number is also relatively high, and there were significant differences with F2W1.
Each processing cell production is between 150-230kg, and there were significant differences between processing, under identical Fertilization Level,
Influence of the different irrigation to cell production shows as W2 > W1 > W3, and in the case where identical irrigation quantity is horizontal, Different Fertilization amount is to cell
The influence of yield shows as F2 > F1 > F3.The cell production of F2W2 is highest, is 228.97kg, is higher by 6.5% than reference examples 1,
Processing F2W1 cell production is also relatively high, and there were significant differences with F2W2.
Each processing per mu yield is between 6500-8600kg, and there were significant differences between processing, different under identical Fertilization Level
Influence of the irrigation quantity to per mu yield shows as W2 > W1 > W3, in the case where identical irrigation quantity is horizontal, influence table of the Different Fertilization amount to per mu yield
It is now F2 > F1 > F3.The per mu yield highest of F2W2,8590.24kg are higher by 6.65% than control, and processing F2W1 per mu yield is also compared
Height, there were significant differences with F2W2.
Comprehensive analysis: processing F2W2 is conducive to cucumber yield growth.
The comparison of cucumber yield under the conditions of the different Capsicum yields of table 2
Note: the different minuscules of same column data indicate the significant difference (p < 0.05) between different disposal..
(2) comparison that cucumber plant is grown under the conditions of different Capsicum yields
As shown in Table 3, respectively processing plant height is in 150.0-170.0cm, without significant difference between each processing, in identical fertilising
Under level, influence of the different irrigation to plant height shows as W1 > W2 > W3, in the case where identical irrigation quantity is horizontal, Different Fertilization amount pair
The influence of plant height is shown as, F1 > F2 > F3.The plant height of F2W1 is up to 170.0 cm, is higher by 6.25% than control, processing F1W2,
The plant height of F3W1 is also relatively high, with F2W1 without significant difference.
Each processing stem thickness is between 8.0-10.0mm, and difference is little between each processing, and the stem thickness of F3W1 is maximum, and to photograph
Than being higher by 5.8%, F3W2 and F3W3 and F3W1 without significant difference.
Each processing leaf area is in 350.0-470.0cm2Between, under identical Fertilization Level, different irrigation is to blade face
Long-pending influence shows as W1 > W2 > W3, in the case where identical irrigation quantity is horizontal, influence of the Different Fertilization amount to leaf area show as F1 >
F2>F3.The leaf area of F1W2 is up to 463.09cm2, 13.29% is higher by than control.
Each processing number of blade is between 16.0-19.0 piece, significant difference between each processing, under identical Fertilization Level, no
Influence with irrigation quantity to the number of blade shows as W3 > W1 > W2, and in the case where identical irrigation quantity is horizontal, Different Fertilization amount is to the number of blade
Influence shows as F1 > F2 > F3.The number of blade of F3W1 most 18.55,5.7% is higher by than control.
Each processing chlorophyll relative content is between 50.0-60.0, and without significant difference between each processing, the leaf of F3W1 is green
Plain relative amount highest is 56.99, is higher by 1.35% compared with the control.
Comprehensive analysis: the growth of F3W1 is preferable, and each growth indexes are more excellent.
The comparison of cucumber plant growth indexes under the conditions of the different Capsicum yields of table 3
Note: the different minuscules of same column data indicate the significant difference (p < 0.05) between different disposal.
(3) under the conditions of different Capsicum yields cucumber fruits quality comparison
As seen from Table 4: each processing VC content is in 4-6.4mg100g-1Between, there were significant differences between processing, in phase
With under Fertilization Level, influence of the different irrigation to VC content shows as W2 > W1 > W3, different in the case where identical irrigation quantity is horizontal
Influence of the dose to VC content shows as F2 > F1 > F3.The VC content highest of F2W3 is 6.56mg100g-1, reference examples 1,
The VC content of F2W2, F3W3 are also relatively high, are not significantly different with F2W2.
As seen from Table 4: each processing protein content is in 1.2-1.6mg100g-1Between, without significance difference between processing
Different, under identical Fertilization Level, influence of the different irrigation to protein content shows as W3 > W1 > W2, in identical irrigation quantity
Under level, influence aggregate performance of the Different Fertilization amount to protein content is F1 > F2 > F3.The protein content of reference examples 1 is most
Height, 1.52mg100g-1, the protein content of F3W2 is also relatively high, is not significantly different with reference examples 1.
Comprehensive analysis: compared with other processing, the quality of reference examples 1 is preferable.
The comparison of cucumber quality under the conditions of the different Capsicum yields of table 4
Note: the different minuscules of same column data indicate the significant difference (p < 0.05) between different disposal.
The indices such as growth, yield, quality of cucumber consider in cumulated volume test, are main consideration index with yield,
This test show that the optimal liquid manure group of Hotan Prefecture's desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production is combined into F2W2, i.e., watering 4.5L/ every time
Strain is applied fertilizer 3.5g/ plants, can achieve the high yield, high-quality of cucumber production.
The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the scope of protection of the claims
It is quasi-.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of water and fertilizer management method of desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production, which is characterized in that method includes the following steps:
Step 1, seeding and seedling raising phase pour water: sprinkling profoundly water before sowing to matrix 1, sowing 1 water content of backsight matrix is moderately watered, and is protected
It holds and sees and wet see dry principle；The matrix 1 is made of coco bran；
Step 2, the control of setting date rich water: Xiang Jizhi 2 applies calcium superphosphate and makees base manure, and sprinkles profoundly water；The matrix 2 by sandy soil,
Coco bran and sufficiently decomposed organic fertilizer are formulated, and the volume ratio of sandy soil, coco bran and organic fertilizer is 2:1:1；
Step 3, the control of seedling-slowing stage rich water: it is seedling-slowing stage that 1 week interior after field planting, a seedling recovering water is poured after lobus cardiacus is grown, depending on young plant
Growing way adds urea；
Step 4, the rich water control of flowering and fruit bearing phase: pour water makes the water content of matrix in the 80%- of saturated soil water content every time
90%, and in the middle and later periods poured water with water flushing and spreading fertilizer.
2. the water and fertilizer management method of desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid four, fertilising pours water interval time as 2-3d, pours water every time 3.6-4.5L/ plants, every time 3.0-3.5g/ plants of fertilising.
3. the water and fertilizer management method of desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid four, the material that applies fertilizer is the compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element.
4. the water and fertilizer management method of desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described multiple
Hefei is to be formulated by a great number of elements Water soluble fertilizer and fragrant plant field Chun Zhilu compound fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 1:2.
5. the water and fertilizer management method of desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid one, after matrix 1 sprinkles profoundly water before sowing, water content reaches the 80%-90% of soil saturation water-holding capacity.
6. the water and fertilizer management method of desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid two, after matrix 2 sprinkles profoundly water, water content reaches the 80%-90% of soil saturation water-holding capacity.
7. the water and fertilizer management method of desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid two, the dosage of the organic fertilizer is 7000-8000kg/ mus, and the sowing amount of calcium superphosphate is 35kg/ mus.
8. the water and fertilizer management method of desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid three, the sowing amount of urea is 3-5kg/ mus.
9. the water and fertilizer management method of desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step
It in rapid four, pours water every time 4.5L/ plants, every time 3.5g/ plants of fertilising.
10. the water and fertilizer management method of desert sunlight greenhouse cucumber production according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Cucumber kind be middle peasant No. 37.
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