CN107980510B - Planting method of iron-supplementing rapes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method of iron-supplementing rapes, which comprises the steps of seed treatment, land preparation and fertilization, seeding and seedling raising, water and fertilizer management and harvesting; the invention also adopts the nutrient soil cover, and the nutrient soil also contains rich iron ions, thereby further promoting the absorption of plants to iron and further enhancing the iron content in the finished rape.

Description

Planting method of iron-supplementing rapes

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of planting, and particularly relates to a method for planting iron-supplement rapes.

Background

Because the rape has large leaves and high leaf area index, the rape is planted by adopting the traditional specification, and the agricultural machinery participates in the field management to cause serious mechanical damage such as the breakage of the leaves and the like and influence the normal growth of the rape, therefore, the field management of the traditional rape production adopts manual operation, the labor input is large, the cost is high, in recent years, the problems of accelerated urbanization process, rural labor force entering the city and the insufficient labor input of the rape production and the like become main factors restricting the production and development of the rape, because of the lack of labor force, the phenomena of untimely management and even extensive management often occur in the seedling management, the rape seedling growth is weak, the capability of resisting the natural disasters such as late drought, freezing damage and the like is weak, the occurrence and the damage degree of diseases such as weed damage, clubroot disease, aphid and the like are aggravated, the yield is low and unstable, and how to further improve, the improvement of the absorption and utilization rate of the rape to the trace elements in the growth process is also the key point of the current research.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for planting iron-supplementing rapes, aiming at overcoming the defects and shortcomings of the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for planting iron-supplementing rapes comprises the following steps:

(1) seed treatment:

adding rape seeds into iron-containing emulsion 7-10 times of the weight of the rape seeds, soaking for 1.6-2 hours, adding coconut shell powder and humic acid, raising the temperature to 55-70 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 30-40 minutes, taking out the seeds, and drying at normal temperature;

the amount of the coconut shell powder is 5 to 7 percent of the weight of the rape seeds, and the amount of the humic acid is 0.5 to 1 percent of the weight of the rape seeds;

the iron-containing emulsion is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

0.1-0.2 parts of hemin, 1-2 parts of sophorolipid, 2-3 parts of calcium ascorbate, 5-7 parts of potassium sulfate, 1-2 parts of sodium stearate, 0.8-1 part of tea saponin, 1-2 parts of poria cocos, 7-10 parts of spinach leaves and 2-3 parts of yellow wine;

the preparation method of the iron-containing emulsion comprises the following steps:

adding calcium ascorbate into 10-19 times of anhydrous ethanol, stirring, adding Poria and folium Spinaciae, heating to 60-65 deg.C, stirring for 1-2 hr, and filtering to obtain alcoholic extractive solution;

mixing potassium sulfate and sodium stearate, adding into deionized water 24-30 times of the weight of the mixture, stirring, mixing with above ethanol extractive solution, stirring, adding yellow wine, putting into a wooden barrel, sealing at 30-35 deg.C for 5-7 hr, discharging, and cooling to obtain fermented solution;

mixing hemin and sophorolipid, adding into the fermented solution, stirring, distilling to remove ethanol, adding tea saponin, and stirring to obtain the iron-containing emulsion;

(2) land preparation and fertilization: selecting sandy loam which is convenient to drain and irrigate and has loose and fertile soil, and applying 660 kilograms of decomposed farmyard manure and 10-15 kilograms of calcium superphosphate to the soil per mu;

(3) sowing and seedling raising: sowing rape seeds, covering the seeds with nutrient soil, spraying and watering the seeds thoroughly, and keeping the soil moist until seedlings emerge;

the preparation method of the nutrient soil comprises the following steps:

mixing 1.5-2 parts by weight of dithiosalicylic acid, 0.1-0.3 part by weight of ferrous sulfate and 10-16 parts by weight of bean curd residue, adding the mixture into deionized water which is 3.5-4 times of the weight of the mixture, uniformly stirring, adding 0.8-1 part by weight of yeast powder, raising the temperature to 30-35 ℃, sealing and preserving the temperature for 3-5 hours, adding 60-70 parts by weight of turfy soil, uniformly stirring, feeding the mixture into a drying oven, and drying to obtain the nutrient soil;

(4) and (3) water and fertilizer management: watering once every 7-8 days after the seedlings of the rapes are aligned; topdressing, wherein 90-100 kg of urea and 4-7 kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied to each mu when 2 true leaves grow out from the seedlings;

(5) and (6) harvesting.

The invention has the advantages that:

the rape seeds are soaked in the iron-containing emulsion, the iron-containing emulsion contains hemin which can provide rich iron ions so as to promote the absorption amount of plants to iron, the iron-containing emulsion is fermented by yellow wine so as to play a good antibacterial and insect-proof effect, the healthy growth of the plants is promoted, the disease resistance of the plants is effectively improved, and the nutrient soil also contains rich iron ions in the nutrient soil cover so as to further promote the absorption of the plants to iron, thereby enhancing the iron content in the finished rape.

Detailed Description

Example 1

A method for planting iron-supplementing rapes comprises the following steps:

(1) seed treatment:

adding rape seeds into an iron-containing emulsion with the weight 10 times that of the rape seeds, soaking for 2 hours, adding coconut shell powder and humic acid, raising the temperature to 70 ℃, preserving heat, stirring for 40 minutes, taking out the seeds, and drying at normal temperature;

the amount of the coconut shell powder is 7 percent of the weight of the rape seeds, and the amount of the humic acid is 1 percent of the weight of the rape seeds;

the iron-containing emulsion is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

0.2 parts of hemin, 2 parts of sophorolipid, 3 parts of calcium ascorbate, 7 parts of potassium sulfate, 2 parts of sodium stearate, 1 part of tea saponin, 2 parts of poria cocos, 10 parts of spinach leaves and 3 parts of yellow wine;

the preparation method of the iron-containing emulsion comprises the following steps:

adding calcium ascorbate into 19 times of anhydrous ethanol, stirring, adding Poria and folium Spinaciae, heating to 65 deg.C, stirring for 2 hr, and filtering to obtain ethanol extractive solution;

mixing potassium sulfate and sodium stearate, adding into deionized water 30 times of the weight of the mixture, stirring, mixing with the above ethanol extractive solution, stirring, adding yellow wine, putting into a wooden barrel, sealing at 35 deg.C for 7 hr, discharging, and cooling to obtain fermented solution;

mixing hemin and sophorolipid, adding into the fermented solution, stirring, distilling to remove ethanol, adding tea saponin, and stirring to obtain the iron-containing emulsion;

(2) land preparation and fertilization: selecting sandy loam which is convenient to drain and irrigate and has loose and fertile soil, and applying 660 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 15 kg of calcium superphosphate to each mu of soil;

(3) sowing and seedling raising: sowing rape seeds, covering the seeds with nutrient soil, spraying and watering the seeds thoroughly, and keeping the soil moist until seedlings emerge;

the preparation method of the nutrient soil comprises the following steps:

mixing 2 parts by weight of dithiosalicylic acid, 0.3 part by weight of ferrous sulfate and 16 parts by weight of bean curd residue, adding the mixture into deionized water which is 3.5-4 times of the weight of the mixture, uniformly stirring, adding 1 part by weight of yeast powder, raising the temperature to 30-35 ℃, sealing and preserving heat for 5 hours, adding 70 parts by weight of turfy soil, uniformly stirring, sending into an oven, and drying to obtain the nutrient soil;

(4) and (3) water and fertilizer management: watering once every 8 days after the seedlings of the rapes are aligned; topdressing, namely applying 100 kg of urea and 7 kg of monopotassium phosphate per mu when 2 true leaves grow out from the seedlings in topdressing time;

(5) and (6) harvesting.

Example 2

A method for planting iron-supplementing rapes comprises the following steps:

(1) seed treatment:

adding rape seeds into iron-containing emulsion 7 times of the weight of the rape seeds, soaking for 1.6 hours, adding coconut shell powder and humic acid, raising the temperature to 55 ℃, preserving heat, stirring for 30 minutes, taking out the seeds, and drying at normal temperature;

the amount of the coconut shell powder is 5 percent of the weight of the rape seeds, and the amount of the humic acid is 0.5 percent of the weight of the rape seeds;

the iron-containing emulsion is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

hemin 0.1, sophorolipid 1, calcium ascorbate 2, potassium sulfate 5, sodium stearate 1, tea saponin 0.8, Poria 1, spinach leaf 7, and yellow wine 2;

the preparation method of the iron-containing emulsion comprises the following steps:

adding calcium ascorbate into 10 times of anhydrous ethanol, stirring, adding Poria and folium Spinaciae, heating to 60 deg.C, stirring for 1 hr, and filtering to obtain ethanol extractive solution;

mixing potassium sulfate and sodium stearate, adding into deionized water 24 times of the weight of the mixture, stirring, mixing with the above ethanol extractive solution, stirring, adding yellow wine, placing into a wooden barrel, sealing at 30 deg.C for 5 hr, discharging, and cooling to obtain fermented solution;

mixing hemin and sophorolipid, adding into the fermented solution, stirring, distilling to remove ethanol, adding tea saponin, and stirring to obtain the iron-containing emulsion;

(2) land preparation and fertilization: selecting sandy loam which is convenient to drain and irrigate and has loose and fertile soil, and applying 600 kilograms of decomposed farmyard manure and 10 kilograms of calcium superphosphate to each mu of soil;

(3) sowing and seedling raising: sowing rape seeds, covering the seeds with nutrient soil, spraying and watering the seeds thoroughly, and keeping the soil moist until seedlings emerge;

the preparation method of the nutrient soil comprises the following steps:

mixing 1.5 parts by weight of dithiosalicylic acid, 0.1 part by weight of ferrous sulfate and 10 parts by weight of bean curd residue, adding the mixture into deionized water which is 3.5 times of the weight of the mixture, uniformly stirring, adding 0.8 part by weight of yeast powder, raising the temperature to 30 ℃, sealing and preserving the temperature for 3-hours, adding 60 parts by weight of turfy soil, uniformly stirring, sending the mixture into an oven, and drying to obtain the nutrient soil;

(4) and (3) water and fertilizer management: watering once every 7 days after the seedlings of the rapes are aligned; topdressing, wherein 90 kg of urea and 4 kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied to each mu when 2 true leaves grow out from the seedlings;

(5) and (6) harvesting.

By adopting the planting method, the obtained rice has high quality, and the yield is 3.1-4% higher than the average yield in the past year.

Claims (1)

1. The planting method of the iron-supplementing rapes is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

(1) seed treatment:

adding rape seeds into iron-containing emulsion 7-10 times of the weight of the rape seeds, soaking for 1.6-2 hours, adding coconut shell powder and humic acid, raising the temperature to 55-70 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 30-40 minutes, taking out the seeds, and drying at normal temperature;

the amount of the coconut shell powder is 5 to 7 percent of the weight of the rape seeds, and the amount of the humic acid is 0.5 to 1 percent of the weight of the rape seeds;

the iron-containing emulsion is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

0.1-0.2 parts of hemin, 1-2 parts of sophorolipid, 2-3 parts of calcium ascorbate, 5-7 parts of potassium sulfate, 1-2 parts of sodium stearate, 0.8-1 part of tea saponin, 1-2 parts of poria cocos, 7-10 parts of spinach leaves and 2-3 parts of yellow wine;

the preparation method of the iron-containing emulsion comprises the following steps:

adding calcium ascorbate into 10-19 times of anhydrous ethanol, stirring, adding Poria and folium Spinaciae, heating to 60-65 deg.C, stirring for 1-2 hr, and filtering to obtain alcoholic extractive solution;

mixing potassium sulfate and sodium stearate, adding into deionized water 24-30 times of the weight of the mixture, stirring, mixing with above ethanol extractive solution, stirring, adding yellow wine, putting into a wooden barrel, sealing at 30-35 deg.C for 5-7 hr, discharging, and cooling to obtain fermented solution;

mixing hemin and sophorolipid, adding into the fermented solution, stirring, distilling to remove ethanol, adding tea saponin, and stirring to obtain the iron-containing emulsion;

(2) land preparation and fertilization: selecting sandy loam which is convenient to drain and irrigate and has loose and fertile soil, and applying 660 kilograms of decomposed farmyard manure and 10-15 kilograms of calcium superphosphate to the soil per mu;

(3) sowing and seedling raising: sowing rape seeds, covering the seeds with nutrient soil, spraying and watering the seeds thoroughly, and keeping the soil moist until seedlings emerge;

the preparation method of the nutrient soil comprises the following steps:

mixing 1.5-2 parts by weight of dithiosalicylic acid, 0.1-0.3 part by weight of ferrous sulfate and 10-16 parts by weight of bean curd residue, adding the mixture into deionized water which is 3.5-4 times of the weight of the mixture, uniformly stirring, adding 0.8-1 part by weight of yeast powder, raising the temperature to 30-35 ℃, sealing and preserving the temperature for 3-5 hours, adding 60-70 parts by weight of turfy soil, uniformly stirring, feeding the mixture into a drying oven, and drying to obtain the nutrient soil;

(4) and (3) water and fertilizer management: watering once every 7-8 days after the seedlings of the rapes are aligned; topdressing, wherein 90-100 kg of urea and 4-7 kg of monopotassium phosphate are applied to each mu when 2 true leaves grow out from the seedlings;

(5) and (6) harvesting.