CN107960284A - The cultural method of Bu Funa - Google Patents
The cultural method of Bu Funa Download PDFInfo
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- CN107960284A CN107960284A CN201711204161.2A CN201711204161A CN107960284A CN 107960284 A CN107960284 A CN 107960284A CN 201711204161 A CN201711204161 A CN 201711204161A CN 107960284 A CN107960284 A CN 107960284A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
Abstract
The invention discloses the cultural method of Bu Funa, include the following steps：1) place election 2) seedling management：3) Cultivate administration：4) florescence and period fertilizer and water management of bearing fruit：Weed with a hoe；Fertilising：Every plant is made base fertilizer with farm manure and the mixing of calcium and magnesium phosphorus composite fertilizer, during top dressing, applies the rotten farm manure of fermentation, seedling half a year of not bearing fruit applies nutrition fertilizer 1 time, applies nutrition fertilizer 1 time within 10 days after bearing fruit；5) pest management.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of planting technical field, more particularly to Bu Funa.
Background technology
Bu Funa, also known as the good reputation such as strange fruit of black tiger, cool rice dumpling, Longevity, lucky star fruit, the celestial fruit that lengthens one's life, the first under heaven.Cloth
Fu Na is the fruit of Schisandraceae Plant thickness leaf Schisandra chinensis, and the evergreen liana of chain timbers matter is primary in Southwestern China portion virgin forest.
Bu Funa fruits are the fruit of seedling, Yao nationality people cultivation from generation to generation, and Miao claims " Bu Funa ", means the fruit of beautifying and life-prolonging.Its root
Available for the promoting flow of qi and blood circulation, swelling and pain relieving.
Bu Funa belongs to liana, and complete stool is hairless.Leaf keratin, oval to ovum shape lanceolar is 7-18 centimetres long, 3-8 centimetres wide,
Apex is blunt or short tapering, base portion wide wedge shape or subcircular, full edge, and lateral vein is per side 6-7 bars, net vein unobvious；Petiole is 1-2.5 lis long
Rice.Hua Dan is born in axil, dilute paired, monoecism.Male flower：Tapel is red, 10-16 pieces, middle maximum 1 ellipse of wheel, long
2-2.5 centimetres, about 14 millimeters wide, most lubrication groove 3 substantially thickens, meat；Holder conico-acuminate, 7-10 millimeters long, top tool 1-
The brill shape appendage of 20 branches；Oecium oval shape is subsphaeroidal, footpath 6-7 millimeters, has 14-48 pieces of stamen；Filigree top
Surrounded for two coyote holes；The long 1-4 centimetres of female flowers of bennet：Tapel is similar to male flower, and style stub boring shape, top is without peltate stigma
Hat, the oval bodily form of carpel, 50-80 pieces, bennet is 5-10 millimeters long.Aggregate fruit is subsphaeroidal, red or mulberry, 6-10 centimetres of footpath or
Bigger；Small berries obovate, up to 4 centimetres, exocarp keratin, does not show seed.
The big uniqueness of Bu Funa fruits, fruit is sweet when ripe, edible tasty, and the quality that fruit can all reach pollution-free food will
Ask.Pulp starches more, sweet fragrance as grape；Fruit is containing abundant VC, VE and various trace elements.Yellowish pink such as lichee is milky white thin
It is greasy；Its fruit energy dark hair moisturizing of often feeding, nourish and beautify skin, clear away heart-fire intelligence development, braces up energy and delay senility.
Bu Funa, fruit type is peculiar, and nutrition and medical value are high, has edible, views and admires, beautifies, afforest etc. and act on, being new generation
The dilute product of third generation fruit of discipline most Development volue.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the cultural method of Bu Funa, by applying special battalion in florescence and during bearing fruit
Fat up, reach the effect for realizing that Bu Funa high yields increase income.
The cultural method of Bu Funa of the present invention, includes the following steps：
1) place election：Selection has river valley, the planting site of streams two sides ventilation and penetrating light of irrigation conditions, selection it is neutral or
The sandy soil building well plantation of subacidity, soil are tidy and flat；
2) seedling management：
Seed seedling-raising：The full seed sowing of seed selection no disease and pests harm, is sowed using Underground-Ditch-Pattern；
Transplant planting：After emergence, to after the 6-7 months, the excessive seedling of temperature is too tender, easily dries up, and controls temperature, and it is fixed to transplant the 11-1 months
Plant, keep root to have adequate water；
Planting patterns：Take shed frame type cultivation or trellis type cultivation；
3) Cultivate administration：
Field cultivation fertilizer and water management：Top dressing in 1 year 2 times；
Scaffolding management：2nd year and frame of puing up a shed thereafter；
Cut skill management：Period is divided into spring pruning, the summer cuts for trimming, fall pruning, winter cut；
4) florescence and period fertilizer and water management of bearing fruit：
Weed with a hoe；
Fertilising：Every plant is made base fertilizer with farm manure and the mixing of calcium and magnesium phosphorus composite fertilizer, during top dressing, applies the rotten farm manure of fermentation,
Seedling half a year of not bearing fruit applies nutrition fertilizer 1 time, applies nutrition fertilizer 1 time within 10 days after bearing fruit；
Nutrition fertilizer described in step 4), is obtained by following preparation method：
1. immersion treatment：Cape jasmine is loaded into woven bag, ties mouth, is placed in pond, pond topped up with water, and on pond
Weight in pressure, soaks 15-24h；
2. Feedstock treating：1. cape jasmine that step is obtained crushes, and adds the pure water equivalent to 2-3 times of weight of raw material, adds
Heat obtains paste serous material to 65-70 DEG C of maintenance 10-15min；
3. digest：2. paste serous material that step is obtained, tune pH are 4-5, add paste serous material 0.05-0.1% parts by weight
Pectin-cellulose complex enzyme and the mannitol of 0.001 parts by weight carry out enzymolysis 40-60min, obtain enzymolysis liquid；
4. deoil：3. enzymolysis liquid that step is obtained, adds the pure water of 2-3 times of weight, is heated to 60-70 DEG C of extraction
60-120min, obtains upper strata oil slick liquid and subnatant, slag mixture, the slag of isolated lower floor is as nutrition fertilizer；
5) pest management.
The climatic environment of planting site described in step 1) of the present invention, preferably 15-21 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, the dim moistening of temperature；
Soil described in step 1) is tidy and flat, and Bu Funa seeds require soil property loosely just easily germination, and cultivating preceding soil will
Plough deeply, and apply organic matter more, for example, crush tangerine bar, animal wastes, decomposed leaves, according to wood powder etc., in addition organic matter contains
Amount height has certain water-retaining property, is conducive to the loose of soil property and is just more advantageous to surviving for seedling, steady and sure after banketing when planting seedling, watering.
Seed seedling-raising described in step 2), the fresh seeds preferably harvested then are directly sowed then, it is impossible to are exposed to the sun, are washed out
Moisture content live can also be dried after seed directly to sow, if the second half year bad sowing want to be left to second year sowing, it is necessary to
Sand storage was sowed to the second year beginning of spring, the plantation of general Bu Funa seeds autumn and winter, it is necessary to emergence in or so second year April in the beginning of spring.
Underground-Ditch-Pattern sowing described in step 2), preferably 5cm broadcast a seed, the soil of sowing rear cover 2cm or so, one mu
25000-35000 plants are advisable, and 1.2m digs a ridge, dig 25-30cm ditch depths, timely draining when convenient rainy, ditch depth is according to field drought
Flooded situation is formulated, it is necessary to cover sunshade net, it is necessary to keep soil humidity, unsuitable overdrying and excessively flooded, and soil property cannot be hardened, not so shadow
Germination percentage is rung, due to the freexing tolerance of Bu Funa, so winter outdoor can be sowed completely, does not influence germination percentage, but be unable to rain
Dilutional hyponatremia, if soil the inside water content is excessive, seed will rot, seedling in greenhouse of such as having ready conditions, than outdoor nursery emergence rate
Height, and it is early to emerge.
Control temperature described in step 2), preferably lid sunshade net, night water spray etc..
Transplant planting described in step 2), Bu Funa into transplantation of seedlings and management Bu Funa seedlings be divided into 1 year seedling, 2 years seedlings,
3 years seedlings, wherein 1 year seed, which is planted, needs 3 years just as a result, 2 years seeds plant 2 annual bearings, 3 years seedling time annual bearings；Bu Funa seedlings
Transplanting is planted suitable weather and should not be overheated, and when transplanting will keep root to have adequate water, and transplanting implantation time is with November-(year in January
Before) most preferably, south is colonized in March November to next year, and the north is colonized in the month in spring 3-4, plants 170 plants per acre, seeding row spacing 2X2m；Beat
Cave need not be too deep, is advisable with each 0.6m of length and width, deep 0.5m, draining is carried out in ditching, using Ridged plant.
Top dressing in 1 year described in step 3) 2 times, preferably the 1st time before lamina, the 2nd time is before flowering, the 1st time apply fertilizer every plant
Well-rotted farmyard manure 2.5-5kg is applied, starts out the annular groove of 10-20cm depths around away from root 30-50cm, applies rear overburden soil；2nd
Secondary top dressing increase phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, to promote fruit normal development ripe；If in fruit expanding period combination tillage and weeding and apply
Some muck or biogas slurry fertilizer, then fruit is big full, and how sweet juice is, and quality is superior.Bu Funa like water, it is manurial-philous, grow compared with
Hurry up, often to water, weeding, fertilising, pregnant flower bud, bloom, period in addition to supplying enough moisture, fertilizer also must assure that confession
Should.
Scaffolding management described in step 3), preferably the 2nd year and built thereafter, material can use bamboo and wood, steel, concrete column etc.,
The bamboo and wood service life only had for 2 to 5 years just needed replacing, but preceding current cost is lower, and concrete column steelframe service life can reach 9 years
More than, but preceding current cost is relatively high, and posture may be selected a plant A seating, single hedge formula, people's formula and take method, frame etc., no matter which kind of
Structure, all answers north and south row in favor of ventilation and penetrating light, the high 1.8-2.5m of frame, after shelf is built up, is strapped in master is graceful with tightrope
, can natural restocking later with plant strain growth on column.
Skill management is cut described in step 3), because Bu Funa growing ways are fast, often trimming ability result is more, and quality is good, trimming
Period is divided into：Spring pruning, summer are cut, fall pruning, winter cut；
Winter cuts：Shed frame type cultivation generally is not required to trim, and trellis type or potted-plant-type are intended to trim, to control tree-shaped, ensure and produce
Amount (Bu Funa major branches are nutrition branches, are the branches and tendrils for controlling tree-shaped, and side shoot is fruitful branch, are the branches and tendrils for controlling fruit)；
Spring pruning：Before rudiment, generally bloom first 1 month and carry out in the winter time, cut short fruitful branch and deadwood, long fruitful branch stays
8-12 luxuriant, remaining is wiped out；
Summer cuts：Period carries out for the annual 5-9 months, also has sprouting and is all sent from main stem, lateral bine, the development of lateral bine sprouting
The good fruitful branch for becoming next year, the 7-9 months are that Bu Funa 2 takes turns the summit of growth phase, pay attention to summer management, are trimmed,
Ji Shengzhi, thorax branch, overlapping branch and sick branch are cut, overstocked innovation also will be pruned off or truncated, this period is except strengthening
Outside fertilizer and water management, trimming and finishing is needed, controls main stem, suitably cultivates lateral bine, promotes vigorous branches development, it is ensured that next year gives stable high yields irrespective of drought or water logging；
Fall pruning：Carried out in the 10-11 months, mainly wipe out Ji Shengzhi.
Weeding with a hoe described in step 4), because Bu Funa growth periods will weed with a hoe in time, keeps loosing soil, together
When in base portion carry out rich water disk, it is as far as possible few with or without herbicide easy to daily irrigation, polluted and injury with reducing.
Fertilising described in step 4), preferably every plant is made base fertilizer with 5kg farm manures and the mixing of 0.5kg calcium and magnesium phosphorus composite fertilizer, institute
State top dressing, thin fertilizer is diligent to apply, apply the rotten farm manure of fermentation, the seedling half a year nitrogen fertilizer application 1 time of not bearing fruit, every plant with nitrogenous fertilizer 0.5kg,
Apply within 10 days or so after bearing fruit phosphorus, potash fertilizer, every plant with phosphorus, potash fertilizer 0.5kg.
Nutrition fertilizer is applied described in step 4), and preferably every plant with nutrition fertilizer 0.5kg.
Pectin-cellulose complex enzyme described in step 4), preferably activity be ten thousand active units of 1-3/gram solid-state pectin-fibre
The plain complex enzyme of dimension.
Pest management described in step 5), refers to：
1. leaf blight (anthracnose)
Early stage is initiated from leaf to edge.Whole blade is gradually infected, makes blade is withered and yellow to come off, fruit can be caused when serious
Ball comes off；
Prevention：Enhance field management, pay attention to ventilation and penetrating light, early stage, with 1：1：100 Bordeaux mixture are sprayed, 7 days 1 time,
Continuously for several times.
2. leaf folder
Leaf roll can be caused after the harm of leaf folder red spider larva, influences fruit growth, or even makes fruit abscission, red spider master
Endanger plant tender leaf, tip bud.
Prevention：Sprayed, noted with 1000 times of liquid of 50% phoxim, 1500 times of liquid or 40% Rogor, 80% metrifonate, 1500 times of liquid
Meaning not use high poison, the persistent pesticide such as phosphorus ammonium；
3. oleander aphid
Spray, tender leaf and bud nutrient are drawn, while also secretes substantial amounts of honeydew, to colonize in the excrement of aphid excretion and dividing
Matchmaker's dirt germ in secretion provides nutrition, seriously affects the growth of Bu Funa；
Prevention：The method that biological control can be used, when folder bamboo aphid largely occurs；It is pungent using 40% flolimat or 50%
1000 times of liquid of sulphur phosphorus carry out spraying prevention.
4. dark mildew
Dark mildew endangers blade spray and flower, and black stigma occurs in aggrieved position when starting, and is then linked to be piece, is formed harder
The mould layer of hard black, or scattered mildew at initial stage, in flakes after the darkly mould layer of powdery, not easily to fall off, it is mainly characterized by aggrieved
It is covered with the mould layer of the mould cigarette of black on leaf and spray.
Prevention：Anti- eliminate aphis is that the essential measure of the general mould cigarette disease of prevention folder bamboo China fir coordinates appropriate trimming, in favor of ventilation, saturating
Light, enhancing tree vigo(u)r, reduce morbidity, with reference to the lime sulfur for spraying 0.3 Baume degrees, can receive preferable effect.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：
1st, the present invention has used special nutrition fertilizer, has come from special process in the florescence of Bu Funa and during bearing fruit
The extraction slag of the cape jasmine of processing.The extracting method of existing plant, is all to pass through water after directly plant material is smashed or crushed
Carry/mode such as alcohol extracting or Microwave Extraction directly extracts.Contain grease in the plant cell of cape jasmine, be mainly glycerine by component
Three esters compound composition mixture, these greases in the form of elaioleucite and oil body protoplast, in discontinuous graininess, with
Corpuscular protein body irregularly disperses the existence form such as in the cell together to be existed.Cape jasmine is when extraction, the grease in cell
It can isolate at the same time, the active ingredient such as group and gardenoside, geniposide, pigment containing grease mixes, so as to influence
The separation of follow-up active ingredient, adds the intractability of process.The cape jasmine extraction slag that the present invention uses, is first extracted using enzyme and planted
Thing grease, separates affinity difference and grease the proportion difference of oil with water by oily with non-oil component using non-oil component, obtains
The nutrition fertilizer that extraction slag is used as Bu Funa is arrived.
2nd, the special nutrition fertilizer that the present invention uses, cape jasmine are soaked through pond, and cape jasmine is immersed in water, gradually softening, water
Point nature enters inside, beneficial to the separation of vegetable fat, beneficial to subsequently digesting, deoil, meanwhile, it is immersed in water, anaerobism is thin
When bacterium amount reproduction, particularly summer, meeting souring, pH value can reduce, the adjustment pH of convenient process below, moreover, with
Follow-up adjustment pH to 4-5, the product of acid cape jasmine, fits into the requirement of the neutrality or subacidity of Bu Funa planting soils.
3rd, the special nutrition fertilizer that the present invention uses, in preparation process, is first removed thin using pectin-cellulose complex enzyme
Cell wall, discharges the grease in plant cell, adds mannitol, can keep osmotic pressure, accelerate the release of grease, obtained nutrition
Fertilizer, is more suitable for the growth of Bu Funa.
4th, frame can plant 170 plants or so of Bu Funa per acre, and period is mid-July to mid-November, and the 3rd annual output is every
More than 2300 jin of mu, enters high yield period on the 4th year, per mu yield up to growth by more than 15% compared with prior art reach 4600 jin with
On, pol increases 3-4 compared with prior art, reaches 16.5-18.5.Based on 16 yuan of lowest price per jin, 4600 jin per acre of high yield, often
Mu net income up to 7.3 ten thousand yuan/year more than.
Embodiment
With embodiment, the invention will be further described below, but the invention is not limited in these embodiments.
Embodiment：
The cultural method of Bu Funa, includes the following steps：
1) place election：Selection has river valley, the planting site of streams two sides ventilation and penetrating light of irrigation conditions, average temperature of the whole year
15-21 DEG C, the climatic environment of the dim moistening of temperature, selection is neutral or the sandy soil building well of subacidity is planted, and soil is tidy and flat, cultivation
Preceding soil will be ploughed deeply, and apply organic matter more, for example, crush tangerine bar, animal wastes, decomposed leaves, according to wood powder etc., in addition
Content of organic matter height has certain water-retaining property, is conducive to the loose of soil property and is just more advantageous to surviving for seedling, after banketing when planting seedling, steps on
It is real, watering；
2) seedling management：
Seed seedling-raising：The full seed sowing of seed selection no disease and pests harm, the fresh seeds harvested then are directly broadcast then
Kind, it is impossible to it is exposed to the sun, live can also dry moisture content after wash-off seed directly sows, and is sowed using Underground-Ditch-Pattern, 5cm broadcasts one
The soil of seed, sowing rear cover 2cm or so, one mu 25000-35000 plants are advisable, and 1.2m digs a ridge, dig 25-30cm ditch depths, convenient
Timely draining when raining, ditch depth is formulated, it is necessary to cover sunshade net, it is necessary to keep soil humidity according to field drought and waterlogging situation, unsuitable
Overdrying and excessively flooded, soil property cannot be hardened；
Transplant planting：Bu Funa is divided into 1 year seedling, 2 years seedlings, 3 years seedlings into transplantation of seedlings and management Bu Funa seedlings, wherein
1 year seed, which is planted, needs 3 years just as a result, 2 years seeds plant 2 annual bearings, 3 years seedling time annual bearings；Bu Funa transplantation of seedlings plantation is suitable
Weather should not overheat, and when transplanting will keep root to have an adequate water, and transplanting implantation time plants 170 plants, strain in November-January per acre
Line-spacing 2X2m；Beating cave need not be too deep, is advisable with each 0.6m of length and width, deep 0.5m, and draining is carried out in ditching, using Ridged plant, emergence
Afterwards, to after the 6-7 months, the excessive seedling of temperature is too tender, easily dries up, lid sunshade net, and the control temperature such as night water spray, is transplanted calmly 11-1 months
Plant, keep root to have adequate water；
Planting patterns：Take shed frame type cultivation or trellis type cultivation；
3) Cultivate administration：
Field cultivation fertilizer and water management：Top dressing in 1 year 2 times, the 1st time before lamina, the 2nd time is before flowering, and the 1st fertilising is every
Well-rotted farmyard manure 2.5-5kg is applied in strain, is started out the annular groove of 10-20cm depths around away from root 30-50cm, is applied rear overburden soil；
2nd top dressing increases phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, to promote fruit normal development ripe；
Scaffolding management：2nd year and frame of puing up a shed thereafter, material can use bamboo and wood, steel, concrete column etc., and posture selects strain frame,
North and south row to, in favor of ventilation and penetrating light, the high 1.8-2.5m of frame, after shelf is built up, is strapped in master is graceful on column with tightrope, with
, can natural restocking afterwards with plant strain growth；
Cut skill management：Period is divided into spring pruning, the summer cuts for trimming, fall pruning, winter cut：
Winter cuts：Shed frame type cultivation generally is not required to trim, and trellis type or potted-plant-type are intended to trim, to control tree-shaped, ensure and produce
Amount (Bu Funa major branches are nutrition branches, are the branches and tendrils for controlling tree-shaped, and side shoot is fruitful branch, are the branches and tendrils for controlling fruit)；
Spring pruning：Before rudiment, generally bloom first 1 month and carry out in the winter time, cut short fruitful branch and deadwood, long fruitful branch stays
8-12 luxuriant, remaining is wiped out；
Summer cuts：Period carries out for the annual 5-9 months, also has sprouting and is all sent from main stem, lateral bine, the development of lateral bine sprouting
The good fruitful branch for becoming next year, the 7-9 months are that Bu Funa 2 takes turns the summit of growth phase, pay attention to summer management, are trimmed,
Ji Shengzhi, thorax branch, overlapping branch and sick branch are cut, overstocked innovation also will be pruned off or truncated, this period is except strengthening
Outside fertilizer and water management, trimming and finishing is needed, controls main stem, suitably cultivates lateral bine, promotes vigorous branches development, it is ensured that next year gives stable high yields irrespective of drought or water logging；
Fall pruning：Carried out in the 10-11 months, mainly wipe out Ji Shengzhi；
4) florescence and period fertilizer and water management of bearing fruit：
Weed with a hoe, keep loosing soil, while carry out rich water disk in base portion, easy to daily irrigation, use less as far as possible or not
With herbicide, pollute and injure to reduce；
Fertilising：Every plant is made base fertilizer with 5kg farm manures and the mixing of 0.5kg calcium and magnesium phosphorus composite fertilizer, during top dressing, thin fertilizer is diligent to apply,
The rotten farm manure of fermentation is applied, the seedling half a year nitrogen fertilizer application 1 time of not bearing fruit, every plant with nitrogenous fertilizer 0.5kg, is applied for 10 days or so after bearing fruit
Phosphorus, potash fertilizer, every plant with phosphorus, potash fertilizer 0.5kg；
Seedling half a year of not bearing fruit applies nutrition fertilizer 1 time, applies nutrition fertilizer 1 time within 10 days after bearing fruit, and every plant with nutrition fertilizer 0.5kg；
Nutrition fertilizer described in step 4), is obtained by following preparation method：
1. immersion treatment：Cape jasmine is loaded into woven bag, ties mouth, is placed in pond, pond topped up with water, and on pond
Weight in pressure, soaks 15-24h；
2. Feedstock treating：1. cape jasmine that step is obtained crushes, and adds the pure water equivalent to 2-3 times of weight of raw material, adds
Heat obtains paste serous material to 65-70 DEG C of maintenance 10-15min；
3. digest：2. paste serous material that step is obtained, tune pH are 4-5, add paste serous material 0.05-0.1% parts by weight
Activity be ten thousand active units of 1-3/gram solid-state pectin-cellulose complex enzyme and the mannitol of 0.001 parts by weight digested
40-60min, obtains enzymolysis liquid；
4. deoil：3. enzymolysis liquid that step is obtained, adds the pure water of 2-3 times of weight, is heated to 60-70 DEG C of extraction
60-120min, obtains upper strata oil slick liquid and subnatant, slag mixture, the slag of isolated lower floor is as nutrition fertilizer；
5) pest management：
1. leaf blight (anthracnose)
Early stage is initiated from leaf to edge.Whole blade is gradually infected, makes blade is withered and yellow to come off, fruit can be caused when serious
Ball comes off；
Prevention：Enhance field management, pay attention to ventilation and penetrating light, early stage, with 1：1：100 Bordeaux mixture are sprayed, 7 days 1 time,
Continuously for several times.
2. leaf folder
Leaf roll can be caused after the harm of leaf folder red spider larva, influences fruit growth, or even makes fruit abscission, red spider master
Endanger plant tender leaf, tip bud.
Prevention：Sprayed, noted with 1000 times of liquid of 50% phoxim, 1500 times of liquid or 40% Rogor, 80% metrifonate, 1500 times of liquid
Meaning not use high poison, the persistent pesticide such as phosphorus ammonium；
3. oleander aphid
Spray, tender leaf and bud nutrient are drawn, while also secretes substantial amounts of honeydew, to colonize in the excrement of aphid excretion and dividing
Matchmaker's dirt germ in secretion provides nutrition, seriously affects the growth of Bu Funa；
Prevention：The method that biological control can be used, when folder bamboo aphid largely occurs；It is pungent using 40% flolimat or 50%
1000 times of liquid of sulphur phosphorus carry out spraying prevention.
4. dark mildew
Dark mildew endangers blade spray and flower, and black stigma occurs in aggrieved position when starting, and is then linked to be piece, is formed harder
The mould layer of hard black, or scattered mildew at initial stage, in flakes after the darkly mould layer of powdery, not easily to fall off, it is mainly characterized by aggrieved
It is covered with the mould layer of the mould cigarette of black on leaf and spray.
Prevention：Anti- eliminate aphis is that the essential measure of the general mould cigarette disease of prevention folder bamboo China fir coordinates appropriate trimming, in favor of ventilation, saturating
Light, enhancing tree vigo(u)r, reduce morbidity, with reference to the lime sulfur for spraying 0.3 Baume degrees, can receive preferable effect.
Comparative example 1：
The same embodiment of method, but florescence and period of bearing fruit are without using special nutrition fertilizer.
Comparative example 2：
The same embodiment of method, nutrition fertilizer, is obtained by following preparation method：
1. Feedstock treating：1. cape jasmine that step is obtained crushes, and adds the pure water equivalent to 2-3 times of weight of raw material, adds
Heat obtains paste serous material to 65-70 DEG C of maintenance 10-15min；
2. 1. paste serous material that step is obtained, tune pH is 4-5, adds the fruit of paste serous material 0.05-0.1% parts by weight
Glue-cellulose complex enzyme carries out enzymolysis 40-60min, obtains enzymolysis liquid, the slag of isolated lower floor is as nutrition fertilizer.
2012-2017, the Taiwan modern AGR-technology park in Guilin, has carried out experiment and has compared, the knot of pregnant year
Fruit is as follows：
Claims (6)
1. the cultural method of Bu Funa, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
1) place election：Selection has river valley, the planting site of streams two sides ventilation and penetrating light of irrigation conditions, selects neutral or slightly sour
Property the plantation of sandy soil building well, soil is tidy and flat；
2) seedling management：
Seed seedling-raising：The full seed sowing of seed selection no disease and pests harm, is sowed using Underground-Ditch-Pattern；
Transplant planting：After emergence, to after the 6-7 months, the excessive seedling of temperature is too tender, easily dries up, control temperature, 11-1 month transplant plantings,
Root is kept to have adequate water；
Planting patterns：Take shed frame type cultivation or trellis type cultivation；
3) Cultivate administration：
Field cultivation fertilizer and water management：Top dressing in 1 year 2 times；
Scaffolding management：2nd year and frame of puing up a shed thereafter；
Cut skill management：Period is divided into spring pruning, the summer cuts for trimming, fall pruning, winter cut；
4) florescence and period fertilizer and water management of bearing fruit：
Weed with a hoe；
Fertilising：Every plant is made base fertilizer with farm manure and the mixing of calcium and magnesium phosphorus composite fertilizer, during top dressing, is applied the rotten farm manure of fermentation, is not hung
Fruit seedling half a year applies nutrition fertilizer 1 time, applies nutrition fertilizer 1 time within 10 days after bearing fruit；
Nutrition fertilizer described in step 4), is obtained by following preparation method：
1. immersion treatment：Cape jasmine is loaded into woven bag, ties mouth, is placed in pond, pond topped up with water, and on pond in face pressure
Weight, soaks 15-24h；
2. Feedstock treating：1. cape jasmine that step is obtained crushes, and adds the pure water equivalent to 2-3 times of weight of raw material, is heated to
65-70 DEG C of maintenance 10-15min, obtains paste serous material；
3. digest：2. paste serous material that step is obtained, tune pH are 4-5, add the fruit of paste serous material 0.05-0.1% parts by weight
Glue-cellulose complex enzyme and the mannitol of 0.001 parts by weight carry out enzymolysis 40-60min, obtain enzymolysis liquid；
4. deoil：3. enzymolysis liquid that step is obtained, adds the pure water of 2-3 times of weight, is heated to 60-70 DEG C of extraction 60-
120min, obtains upper strata oil slick liquid and subnatant, slag mixture, the slag of isolated lower floor is as nutrition fertilizer；
5) pest management.
2. the cultural method of Bu Funa according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Planting site described in step 1), is
The climatic environment of 15-21 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, the dim moistening of temperature.
3. the cultural method of Bu Funa according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Underground-Ditch-Pattern sowing described in step 2),
It is the soil that 5cm broadcasts a seed, sowing rear cover 2cm or so, one mu 25000-35000 plants are advisable, and 1.2m digs a ridge, dig 25-
30cm ditch depths.
4. the cultural method of Bu Funa according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Fertilising described in step 4), every plant of use
Base fertilizer is made in 5kg farm manures and the mixing of 0.5kg calcium and magnesium phosphorus composite fertilizer, and the top dressing, thin fertilizer is diligent to apply, and applies the rotten farmers' of fermentation
Fertilizer, the seedling half a year nitrogen fertilizer application 1 time of not bearing fruit, every plant with nitrogenous fertilizer 0.5kg, is applied phosphorus, potash fertilizer for 10 days after bearing fruit, and every plant with phosphorus, potash fertilizer
0.5kg。
5. the cultural method of Bu Funa according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Nutrition fertilizer is applied described in step 4), often
Nutrition fertilizer 0.5kg is used in strain.
6. the cultural method of Bu Funa according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Pectin-cellulose described in step 4)
Complex enzyme, activity be ten thousand active units of 1-3/gram solid-state pectin-cellulose complex enzyme.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109041990A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-12-21 | 紫云自治县紫香源农林科技有限责任公司 | A kind of raising technology of Bu Funa |
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| CN109041990A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-12-21 | 紫云自治县紫香源农林科技有限责任公司 | A kind of raising technology of Bu Funa |
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