CN107896858A - A kind of implantation methods of double season blueberries - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of double season blueberries Download PDFInfo
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- CN107896858A CN107896858A CN201711187478.XA CN201711187478A CN107896858A CN 107896858 A CN107896858 A CN 107896858A CN 201711187478 A CN201711187478 A CN 201711187478A CN 107896858 A CN107896858 A CN 107896858A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
A kind of implantation methods of double season blueberries, including plot selection, site preparation, soil improvement, the selection of seedling, field planting, field management, it is characterised in that：Select Lai Gexi, it is magnificent with it is double rich according to 1:1：1 or 1::1:2 carry out set cultivation;Trimming in due course and comb bud：Weak branch is cut off in the bud phase.Also need to carry out flower thinning bud in the second season, select 1 or 4 to select 1 ratio to remove weaker bud according to 3.The method of the present invention is reasonable, easy to operation, can improve the fruit-setting rate of the double season blueberries of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau plantation really, be effectively improved Blueberry quality, be that one kind is suitable for the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, particularly the method for the double season blueberries of Yunnan high altitude localities plantation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of a planting fruit-trees, is specifically a kind of implantation methods of double season blueberries.
Background technology
Blueberry cultivation starts from the U.S. in early 20th century, and China's blueberry cultivation history is shorter, is currently under the fast-developing phase,
Blueberry belongs to Ericaceae, cowberry platymiscium, also known as cowberry, is perennial shrub.Blueberry is shallow root, heliophile, and root system is more
It is fibrous root, without thick main root.It is adapted to grow in the soil that the soil is porous, the soil organism enriches.Blueberry likes faintly acid
Soil, is most suitable for the pH value of soil between 4.5~5.5.
' double rich ' English name " Sweetheart ", literal translates as " sweetie ".Because having double season fruit habits, temporary designations are
' double rich '.The kind is to utilize southern high clump blueberry strain ' TH 275 ' and northern high clump blueberry strain ' G by georgia ,U.S.A university
The improved seeds that 567 ' hybridization obtain, United States Department of Agriculture USDA-ARS in 2010, Marucci blueberries and mossberry research and extension
Center Breeding and popularization.The outstanding feature of the kind is precocious, fructescence is concentrated, splendid taste of fruit, hardness of fruit pole
It is good.Yielding ability is splendid, than ' duke ' high yield 25%.To greatly in fruit, fruit properties and size and ' duke ' are quite, ' double rich ' flat
Equal 1.6g, ' duke ' 1.7g.Tree body is upright, and flowering habit is similar to ' Lan Feng '.Winter resistance ratio ' Lan Feng ' is slightly poor, update card
The real kind has the characteristic for resisting high soil pH.Accommodation is wider, and the suitable cultivation area in the U.S. is agricultural humidity province 4-9
（' Lan Feng ' 4-8）, the ripening fruits with harvesting economic value can be reached especially with second bloom result and in autumn
This characteristic, is a currently the only blueberry kind yielded positive results twice.A revolution being known as on blueberry Breeding history.
Lai Gexi (original names:Legacy), it is perennial shrub, initially ripe to June by the end of May, fruit is oblate, mellow fruit
Real be in navy blue, and epidermis covers thicker white fruit powder, 3.3 grams of mean fruit weight, increases by 38.7% than check variety ' Lan Yuan ', fruit
It is sweet and sour taste, with rich flavor.:The kind category cenospecies, tree performance is upright, and growth potential is strong, and Early-mid ripening, high and stable yield, disease resistance is strong,
Fruit is big, and fruit powder is thicker, and quality is excellent, compared with storage tolerance, preferably eats raw.
Magnificent (Britewell) is by Menditoo × Tifblue cross breedings, early seasonal strain.Tree vigo(u)r is medium, uprightly.Fruit
In grain ~ big, maximum single fruit weight is 2.56g, and minimum single fruit weight is 1.21g, average 1.85g.Fruit sweetness BX17.4%, acidity
PH3.35, it is savory.Pulp matter is hard, and base of fruit trace is small, rapid-curing cutback.Yielding ability is extremely strong, and Freezing hardiness is strong.Not dehiscent fruit, suitable mechanical
Harvest and make fresh fruit sale.
Yunnan Province Huaping County is located at Jinsha jiang River stage casing north bank of the Yunnan Province northwestward, belongs to typical south subtropics low-heat river
Essence derived from food is waited, and temperature is low with physical features height above sea level with rainfall and increases and decreases, and solid distribution is more prominent.Average temperature of the whole year is 19.8 DEG C, year
Average precipitation is 870 millimeters, and mountain area area accounts for 97%.Huaping areal rainfall depth is relatively low, time in dry season length, and seasonal drought is special
It is not that spring drought is extremely serious.Plant that double rich blueberry fruit-setting rates are low, and fruit quality is poor according to a conventional method in Yunnan Province Huaping County.Plantation
Fruit-setting rate only reaches the 20-40% of normal fruit-setting rate within 3rd year, and fruit maximum only reaches 1.1g.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of technical side of the implantation methods of the suitable double season blueberries of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau plantation
Case.The technical solution, which plants double season blueberries in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, can improve the fruit-setting rate of blueberry, improve Blueberry quality.
Technical scheme：A kind of implantation methods of double season blueberries, including plot selection, site preparation, soil improvement, kind
Selection, field planting, the field management of seedling, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that：
（1）Plot selects：Soil selects opposed flattened, soil pH value 3.0-6.0, and the row of filling is good, and loosing soil is fertile, aeration
Well, moistening but not ponding；
（2）Site preparation：Combine pressure green manure in field planting the previous year to plough deeply, depth is advisable with 20-25cm, ploughs deeply curing, should be clear when ploughing deeply
Cut weeds, stalk, pile fermentation does organic fertilizer use;
(3) soil improvement：P in soil H values and the soil organism are improved, are specially：When pH value is more than 5.5, it is being colonized
First 1 year or field planting plough deeply 15 ㎝ and apply Cosan or aluminum sulfate then to be mixed;When P in soil H values are less than 4, soil is adjusted with lime
PH value is to 3.8-5.5;When soil organic matter content is less than 5%, adjusted using laterite, mountain base soil, farm manure;
（4）The selection of seedling：The tissue-cultured seedling that selection grows fine, is disease-free, tree-shaped is regular, branch is sturdy plants seedlings as kind, chooses
The weeds that the kind selected is planted seedlings in removal seedling bag；
(5) implantation time：Planted using the autumn, specially after annual October；
(6) it is colonized：Select Lai Gexi, it is magnificent with it is double rich according to 1:1：1 or 1::1:2 carry out set cultivation;The field planting of blueberry chooses one
The bag seedling of year above seedling age, seedling taking, band soil are cultivated by stages and in groups;It should water within 1 day before seedling taking, should be former by bag seedling when planting seedling
The nutritive cube come is broken into pieces or is shaken loose, then is transplanted, after transplanting before should pour three times it is permeable;Seeding row spacing is controlled in 1.0m-1.5*
1.0-1.2m;
(7) field management：Under blueberry bag seedling it is rear observation seedling overall growing way and branch growing state, carry out tillage and weeding,
Water and fertilizer management works, and specifically includes：
A: weeding：Weeding accomplish except it is small, except early, cleared, prevent weed growth;Intertillage is preferably shallow unsuitable deep, roots out weeds in ditch, pulls out
Furrow face weeds, not injure blueberry root, forbid using any chemical herbicide;
B: water management：Blueberry, which is poured water, to fill pH value tune 5.5-4.5 or so again, and interval is poured water for 3 times fills a sour water again;
C: fertilising：Based on top dressing, nitrogen, phosphorus, the ratio of potash fertilizer three is used not to apply chloride fertilizer with 1: 1: 1 composite fertilizer, apply
Nitrate fertilizer, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, use depth as 10-15 centimetres of byfurrow method；
D: trimming and comb bud：Double rich kinds cut off weak branch since bud amount is more in the bud phase.Also need to carry out in the second season
Flower thinning bud, selects 1 or 4 to select 1 ratio to remove weaker bud according to 3.
To make double season blueberries adapt to the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, it can grow up healthy and sound in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, bear the fruit of high quality, high yield
Real, the present invention is studied through a large number of experiments, summarizes a whole set of implantation methods.In this sets of plan using Lai Gexi, it is magnificent with it is double
Rich 3 kinds cover cultivation according to a specific ratio, and main purpose is to improve the fruit-setting rate of double rich kind blueberries.The trimming of the present invention and comb
Bud is the innovative point of the present invention, and double rich kinds cut off weak branch since bud amount is more in the bud phase, need to also be into the second season
Row flower thinning bud, selects 1 or 4 to select 1 ratio to remove weaker bud according to 3.The main purpose of the step is to improve double rich kinds
The quality of blueberry.The method of the present invention is proved through the experiment in Yunnan Province Huaping County in 5 years, in the present inventive method in Yunnan Province
Plantation double season blueberries in Huaping County can be such that the fruit-setting rate of double season blueberries improves to normal level, and double season Blueberry qualities improve, and one
Level fruit is up to 50%, and two level fruit is up to more than 40%.The method of the present invention is reasonable, easy to operation, can improve Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau plantation double seasons really
The fruit-setting rate of blueberry, is effectively improved Blueberry quality, is that one kind is suitable for the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, particularly Yunnan high altitude localities kind
Plant the method for double season blueberries.
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment：
A kind of implantation methods of double season blueberries, comprise the following steps that：
1st, plot selects：Selecting opposed flattened soil, soil pH value 3.0-6.0, it is desirable to the row of filling is good, and loosing soil is fertile,
Aeration is good, moistening but not ponding.
2nd, site preparation：Combine pressure green manure in field planting the previous year to plough deeply, depth is advisable with 20-25cm, ploughs deeply curing, should when ploughing deeply
Weeds, stalk are removed, its pile fermentation can also be done to organic fertilizer use.
3rd, soil improvement：Mainly P in soil H values and the soil organism are improved, are specially：When pH value is more than 5.5,
1 year or field planting plough deeply 15 ㎝ and apply Cosan or aluminum sulfate then before field planting mixes.When P in soil H values are less than 4, lime is commonly used
It is adjusted.Improve soil texture and increase organic matter：When soil organic matter content is less than 5%, using laterite, mountain base soil, farmers'
Fertilizer etc. is mixed in proportion.Matrix soil PH is adjusted to 3.8-5.5.
4th, the selection of seedling：The tissue-cultured seedling that selection grows fine, is disease-free, tree-shaped is regular, branch is sturdy plants seedlings as kind,
The weeds that the kind picked out is planted seedlings in removal seedling bag.
5th, implantation time：Planted using the autumn, specially after annual October.
6th, it is colonized：Select Lai Gexi, it is magnificent with it is double rich according to 1:1：1 or 1::1:2 carry out set cultivation.The field planting of blueberry is main
The bag seedling of more than 1 year seedling age is chosen, by stages and in groups seedling taking, band soil is cultivated.Should water within 1 day before seedling taking, plant seedling when should be by bag
The original nutritive cube of seedling is broken into pieces or is shaken loose, then is transplanted, after transplanting before should pour three times it is permeable.Seeding row spacing is controlled in 1.0m-
1.5*1.0-1.2m。
7th, field management：Under blueberry bag seedling after should observe the overall growing way of seedling and the growing state of branch, in should carrying out
Weeding, water and fertilizer management work.Specifically include：
（1）Weeding：Weeding should accomplish except it is small, except early, cleared, prevent weed growth.Blueberry root system is shallower, no main root, and intertillage is suitable
It is shallow unsuitable deep, weeds in ditch are rooted out, pull out furrow face weeds, not injure blueberry root.Forbid using any chemical herbicide.
（2）Water management：Blueberry, which is poured water, to fill pH value tune 5.5-4.5 or so again, and interval is poured water for 3 times fills a hypo acid again
Water.
（3）Fertilising：Based on top dressing, nitrogen, phosphorus, the ratio of potash fertilizer three is used to pay attention to not applying nitre with 1: 1: 1 composite fertilizer
The chloride fertilizer such as state nitrogenous fertilizer, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride.Depth is used as 10-15 centimetres of byfurrow method.
（4）Trimming and comb bud：Double rich kinds cut off weak branch since bud amount is more in the bud phase.In the second season also
Flower thinning bud need to be carried out, selects 1 or 4 to select 1 ratio to remove weaker bud according to 3.
Detection data are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Claims (1)
1. a kind of implantation methods of double season blueberries, including plot selection, site preparation, soil improvement, the selection of seedling, field planting, field
Management, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that：
（1）Plot selects：Soil selects opposed flattened, soil pH value 3.0-6.0, and the row of filling is good, and loosing soil is fertile, aeration
Well, moistening but not ponding；
（2）Site preparation：Combine pressure green manure in field planting the previous year to plough deeply, depth is advisable with 20-25cm, ploughs deeply curing, should be clear when ploughing deeply
Cut weeds, stalk, pile fermentation does organic fertilizer use;
(3) soil improvement：P in soil H values and the soil organism are improved, are specially：When pH value is more than 5.5, it is being colonized
First 1 year or field planting plough deeply 15 ㎝ and apply Cosan or aluminum sulfate then to be mixed;When P in soil H values are less than 4, soil is adjusted with lime
PH value is to 3.8-5.5;When soil organic matter content is less than 5%, adjusted using laterite, mountain base soil, farm manure;
（4）The selection of seedling：The tissue-cultured seedling that selection grows fine, is disease-free, tree-shaped is regular, branch is sturdy plants seedlings as kind, chooses
The weeds that the kind selected is planted seedlings in removal seedling bag；
(5) implantation time：Planted using the autumn, specially after annual October；
(6) it is colonized：Select Lai Gexi, it is magnificent with it is double rich according to 1:1：1 or 1::1:2 carry out set cultivation;The field planting of blueberry chooses one
The bag seedling of year above seedling age, seedling taking, band soil are cultivated by stages and in groups;It should water within 1 day before seedling taking, should be former by bag seedling when planting seedling
The nutritive cube come is broken into pieces or is shaken loose, then is transplanted, after transplanting before should pour three times it is permeable;Seeding row spacing is controlled in 1.0m-1.5*
1.0-1.2m;
(7) field management：Under blueberry bag seedling it is rear observation seedling overall growing way and branch growing state, carry out tillage and weeding,
Water and fertilizer management works, and specifically includes：
A: weeding：Weeding accomplish except it is small, except early, cleared, prevent weed growth;Intertillage is preferably shallow unsuitable deep, roots out weeds in ditch, pulls out
Furrow face weeds, not injure blueberry root, forbid using any chemical herbicide;
B: water management：Blueberry, which is poured water, to fill pH value tune 5.5-4.5 or so again, and interval is poured water for 3 times fills a sour water again;
C: fertilising：Based on top dressing, nitrogen, phosphorus, the ratio of potash fertilizer three is used not to apply chloride fertilizer with 1: 1: 1 composite fertilizer, apply
Nitrate fertilizer, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, use depth as 10-15 centimetres of byfurrow method；
D: trimming and comb bud：Double rich kinds cut off weak branch since bud amount is more in the bud phase；Also need to carry out in the second season
Flower thinning bud, selects 1 or 4 to select 1 ratio to remove weaker bud according to 3.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103583169A (en) * | 2012-08-19 | 2014-02-19 | 凯里学院 | Method for increasing yield of blueberry and improving quality of blueberry by variety matching |
| CN103931462A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-23 | 张家港市现代农业投资有限公司 | Blueberry planting method |
| CN104541895A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-29 | 重庆高登新农业科技发展有限公司 | Blueberry planting method |
| CN105409677A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-23 | 孙铭岐 | Planting method of blueberries |
| CN106962116A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-21 | 贵州省黄平县吉兴生态科技有限公司 | The implantation methods of greenhouse blueberry |
| CN106993503A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-01 | 黄平县华富生态种养殖科技发展有限公司 | Method is planted between high clump blueberry and short clump blueberry |
-
2017
- 2017-11-24 CN CN201711187478.XA patent/CN107896858A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103583169A (en) * | 2012-08-19 | 2014-02-19 | 凯里学院 | Method for increasing yield of blueberry and improving quality of blueberry by variety matching |
| CN103931462A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-23 | 张家港市现代农业投资有限公司 | Blueberry planting method |
| CN104541895A (en) * | 2015-01-19 | 2015-04-29 | 重庆高登新农业科技发展有限公司 | Blueberry planting method |
| CN105409677A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-23 | 孙铭岐 | Planting method of blueberries |
| CN106962116A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-21 | 贵州省黄平县吉兴生态科技有限公司 | The implantation methods of greenhouse blueberry |
| CN106993503A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-01 | 黄平县华富生态种养殖科技发展有限公司 | Method is planted between high clump blueberry and short clump blueberry |
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Application publication date: 20180413 |