CN107801502A - A kind of implantation methods of lichee - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of lichee Download PDFInfo
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- CN107801502A CN107801502A CN201711044127.3A CN201711044127A CN107801502A CN 107801502 A CN107801502 A CN 107801502A CN 201711044127 A CN201711044127 A CN 201711044127A CN 107801502 A CN107801502 A CN 107801502A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of lichee, belong to field of agricultural cultivation, the implantation methods comprise the following steps, wild Lychee seed is chosen first carries out cultivation rootstock seedling, gathered on the excellent elite stand selected without disease pest, grow annotinous branch substantial, that eye is full as scion, it is grafting after it is survived by graft technology by scion grafting to rootstock seedling；Grafting is moved in the planting pit of planting site, and carry out field management until harvesting；Wherein, planting site is applied makes base manure by oneself as fermenting raw materials using stalk, tobacco stick, peanut meal, wood chip, mushroom bacterium bag powder, lychee exocarp, chicken manure, cow dung, Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, white backleaf mallotus root extract, composite bacteria agent into obtained, the invention provides a kind of implantation methods of lichee, can improve the survival rate of lichee plant, pest and disease damage can also be prevented, production cost is saved, can also improve planting site soil, it is environmentally friendly, planted suitable for large scale systemization.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of lichee.
【Background technology】
Lichee originates in SOUTHERN CHINA, is subtropical fruit tree, aiphyllium, high about 10m, pericarp has fish-scale shape projection, fresh
It is red, purplish red, translucent congealed fat shape when pulp production is fresh, savory U.S., but not storage endurance.Lichee is warm-natured, is included into the heart, spleen, Liver Channel, can stop
Hiccup, only suffer from diarrhoea, while have cerebrum tonifying body-building, stomach invigorating benefit spleen, have the effect of to promote appetite.Therefore, lichee plants industry at home
With wide market prospects and economic benefit.
In summary, the popularizing planting of lichee has higher economic value and social effect.At present, due to the warp of lichee
Ji value is higher, input of the peasant household in lichee plantation is also higher, especially high concentration compound fertilizer and simple substance nitrogen, phosphatic manure
It is administered simultaneously, causes lichee nitrogen, phosphorus dosage higher.Long-term blindness had both limited local high-quality Litchi Varieties production with habits fertilization
The performance of amount and quality, wastes manure resources, adds risk of environmental pollution, is unfavorable for the sustainable development of lichee production
Exhibition.Implantation methods are unreasonable, cause the problems such as lichee is slow-growing, fruit is small, pest and disease damage takes place frequently urgently to be resolved hurrily.
【The content of the invention】
The goal of the invention of the present invention is：For above-mentioned problem, there is provided a kind of implantation methods of lichee, the plantation
Method can improve the survival rate of lichee plant, moreover it is possible to and pest and disease damage is prevented, production cost is saved, can also improve planting site soil,
It is environmentally friendly, planted suitable for large scale systemization.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of implantation methods of lichee, comprise the following steps：
(1) seed of local wild Lychee is chosen, seed is put into sand bed and carries out vernalization, obtained young shoot is planted two
Year obtains rootstock seedling；
(2) collection is used as and connect without disease pest, the annotinous branch that growth is enriched, eye is full on the excellent elite stand selected
Fringe, it is grafting after it is survived by graft technology by the scion grafting to step (1) described rootstock seedling；
(3) planting site is turned over into the 10-15d that is exposed to the sun, every mu is applied 1-1.5t self-control base manure and mixed with soil, every mu of digging 35-
40 planting pits, wherein, the wide 60-80cm of planting pit, deep 50-60cm；The self-control base manure is by the original of following parts by weight
Material fermentation forms：50-55 parts stalk, 10-15 parts tobacco stick, 8-10 parts peanut meal, 8-10 parts wood chip, 10-15 part mushroom bacterium bags
Powder, 10-15 parts lychee exocarp, 20-30 parts chicken manure, 25-30 parts cow dung, 0.2-0.5 parts Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, 10-15 part Whitebackleaf Mallotus Roots
Root extract, 0.05-0.07 part composite bacteria agents；
Wherein, the composite bacteria agent be by photosynthetic bacteria, the thread flora of fermentation, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces according to
4-5:1-2:1:2-3 mass ratio is mixed；
(4) step (2) described grafting is moved in step (3) described planting pit, pours field planting water, and carry out field management
Until harvesting.
Further, in step (3), the self-control base manure is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight：52 parts of straw
Stalk, 13 parts of tobacco sticks, 9 parts of peanut meals, 9 parts of wood chips, 14 parts of mushroom bacterium bag powder, 12 parts of lychee exocarps, 25 parts of chicken manures, 28 parts of cow dungs,
0.3 part of Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, 12 parts of white backleaf mallotus root extracts, 0.06 part of composite bacteria agent.
Further, in step (3), the composite bacteria agent is by photosynthetic bacteria, the thread flora of fermentation, bacillus subtilis
Bacterium, actinomyces are according to 4.5:1.2:1:2.5 mass ratio is mixed.
Further, in step (3), the preparation method of the Herba Typhonii gigantei extract is：Take Typhonium giganteum to pulverize, add
Filtered after soaking 20-24h in the ethanol solution that its 4-5 times of mass parts percentage by volume is 73-75%, remove filter residue, will
Filtrate is rotated, is concentrated by evaporation, until the volume of concentrate obtains solely to the solution that room temperature measuring relative density is 1.0-1.2
Angle lotus extract.
Further, in step (3), the preparation method of the white backleaf mallotus root extract is：Take in white backleaf mallotus root and add
Filtered after 25-30min is boiled in the water of its 6-8 times of mass parts, filter residue is repeated to boil 2 times, whole filtrates are mixed and obtain the white back of the body
Blade root extract.
Further, in step (3), the preparation method of the self-control base manure is：Stalk, tobacco stick are cut into 3-5cm
Segment and wood chip, lychee exocarp, chicken manure, pig manure be put into collection fermentation vat, and add Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, white backleaf mallotus root extract
Soaked, a length of 1.5-2d during immersion, the composite bacteria agent added after activation obtains pretreatment material, and pretreatment material processing is completed
After be transferred to ferment biomass pool and fermented, fermentation temperature is 29-31 DEG C, fermentation time 52-55h, after the completion of fermentation, will be fermented
Product is filtered, squeezed until moisture is that 40-50% obtains biogas residue；Peanut meal, mushroom bacterium bag powder are fully dried again
Afterwards, it is put into pulverizer and is crushed to granularity and is less than 1mm, obtains compound, compound is put into the biogas residue and staticly settles 24-
Then 26h filtered, squeeze after obtain just base manure processed；The just base manure processed is put into sterilizing chamber and carries out sterilizing 8- with uviol lamp
10h, that is, obtain making base manure by oneself.
The invention provides a kind of implantation methods of lichee, compared with prior art, have the advantages that：
The present invention chooses adaptable wild Lychee as stock, can improve the survival rate of grafting and disease-resistant energy
Power；The present invention is applied with stalk, tobacco stick, peanut meal, wood chip, mushroom bacterium bag powder, lychee exocarp, chicken in the planting site of grafting
Excrement, cow dung, Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, white backleaf mallotus root extract, composite bacteria agent are that fermenting raw materials make base manure by oneself into obtained, can be litchi
Branch plant strain growth provide fully comprehensive nutrient, while can improved soil micelle structure and pH value character, suppress soil
The breeding of middle harmful bacteria, and then increase soil fertility, the effect of certain disinfection and deinsectization is may also function as, is provided for the growth of lichee
Excellent condition；In addition, the present invention is turned waste into wealth using multiple kinds of crops discarded object fermentation fertilizer processed, is realized the reasonable of resource
Recycle, avoid the waste of resource, and reduce production cost.
The present invention uses the beneficial bacterium in Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, white backleaf mallotus root extract and composite bacteria agent to be combined, to more
Kind wastes of crops is handled, and is effectively reduced caused peculiar smell in fermentation process, is used in manufacturing process of the invention only
Containing abundant vegetable active active ingredient in angle lotus extract, white backleaf mallotus root extract, it can occur to neutralize with amine molecule, contract
Reaction is closed, stink in fertilizer can be reduced, suppression can suppress varied bacteria growing breeding；Addition composite bacteria agent is further improved in base manure
The content of nitrogen and trace element, is finally also sterilized by uviol lamp, can effectively suppress bacterium, prevent base manure to be denatured,
Effectively increase the stability of the content of organic matter in base manure；Fertilizer of the present invention is not only that soil increase organic matter and N P and K etc. are supported
Point, further improve the physicochemical property of soil, promote the formation and conversion of agron and granule group, improve soil water-retaining
Performance and soil fertility, also being provided for plant can be largely micro-, improves the resistance against diseases of plant, reduces the incidence of disease, make
Crop yield；Each technological means of the present invention all cooperates, mutually promoted, and camps step by step, ring ring phase
Button, caused total technique effect be significantly larger than technological means caused by single technological means simple plus and.
In a word, the invention provides a kind of implantation methods of lichee, this method can improve the survival rate of lichee plant, also
Pest and disease damage can be prevented, production cost is saved, can also improve planting site soil, it is environmentally friendly, suitable for large scale system kind
Plant.
【Embodiment】
Below by way of specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of lichee, comprise the following steps：
(1) seed of local wild Lychee is chosen, seed is put into sand bed and carries out vernalization, obtained young shoot is planted two
Year obtains rootstock seedling；
(2) collection is used as and connect without disease pest, the annotinous branch that growth is enriched, eye is full on the excellent elite stand selected
Fringe, it is grafting after it is survived by graft technology by the scion grafting to step (1) described rootstock seedling；
(3) planting site is turned over into the 10d that is exposed to the sun, every mu is applied 1t self-control base manure and is mixed with soil, 35 planting pits of every mu of digging,
Wherein, the wide 60cm of the planting pit, deep 50cm；The self-control base manure is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight：50 parts of straw
Stalk, 10 parts of tobacco sticks, 8 parts of peanut meals, 8 parts of wood chips, 10 parts of mushroom bacterium bag powder, 10 parts of lychee exocarps, 20 parts of chicken manures, 25 parts of cow dungs,
0.2 part of Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, 10 parts of white backleaf mallotus root extracts, 0.05 part of composite bacteria agent；
Wherein, the composite bacteria agent be by photosynthetic bacteria, the thread flora of fermentation, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces according to
4:1:1:2 mass ratio is mixed；
The preparation method of the Herba Typhonii gigantei extract is：Take Typhonium giganteum to pulverize, add its 4 times of mass parts percentage by volumes
To be filtered in 73% ethanol solution after immersion 20h, filter residue is removed, filtrate is rotated, is concentrated by evaporation, until concentration
Liquid product obtains Herba Typhonii gigantei extract to the solution that room temperature measuring relative density is 1.0；
The preparation method of the white backleaf mallotus root extract is：Take in the water that its 6 times of mass parts are added in white backleaf mallotus root and boil
Filtered after 25min, filter residue is repeated to boil 2 times, whole filtrates are mixed and obtain white backleaf mallotus root extract；
It is described self-control base manure preparation method be：Stalk, tobacco stick are cut into 3cm segment and wood chip, lychee exocarp, chicken
Excrement, pig manure are put into collection fermentation vat, and add Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, white backleaf mallotus root extract is soaked, a length of during immersion
1.5d, the composite bacteria agent added after activation obtain pretreatment material, are carried out ferment biomass pool is transferred to after the completion of pretreatment material processing
Fermentation, fermentation temperature are 29 DEG C, fermentation time 52h, after the completion of fermentation, tunning are filtered, squeezed until moisture
Content obtains biogas residue for 40%；After again fully drying peanut meal, mushroom bacterium bag powder, it is put into pulverizer and is crushed to granularity and is less than
1mm, obtain compound, compound is put into the biogas residue staticly settle 24h then filtered, squeeze after obtain just base processed
Fertilizer；The just base manure processed is put into sterilizing chamber and carries out sterilizing 8h with uviol lamp, that is, obtains making base manure by oneself；
(4) step (2) described grafting is moved in step (3) described planting pit, pours field planting water, and carry out field management
Until harvesting.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of lichee, comprise the following steps：
(1) seed of local wild Lychee is chosen, seed is put into sand bed and carries out vernalization, obtained young shoot is planted two
Year obtains rootstock seedling；
(2) collection is used as and connect without disease pest, the annotinous branch that growth is enriched, eye is full on the excellent elite stand selected
Fringe, it is grafting after it is survived by graft technology by the scion grafting to step (1) described rootstock seedling；
(3) planting site is turned over into the 15d that is exposed to the sun, every mu is applied 1.5t self-control base manure and mixed with soil, and every mu is dug 40 field planting
Cave, wherein, the wide 80cm of planting pit, deep 60cm；The self-control base manure is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight：55 parts
Stalk, 15 parts of tobacco sticks, 10 parts of peanut meals, 10 parts of wood chips, 15 parts of mushroom bacterium bag powder, 15 parts of lychee exocarps, 30 parts of chicken manures, 30 portions of oxen
Excrement, 0.5 part of Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, 15 parts of white backleaf mallotus root extracts, 0.07 part of composite bacteria agent；
Wherein, the composite bacteria agent be by photosynthetic bacteria, the thread flora of fermentation, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces according to
5:2:1:3 mass ratio is mixed；
The preparation method of the Herba Typhonii gigantei extract is：Take Typhonium giganteum to pulverize, add its 5 times of mass parts percentage by volumes
To be filtered in 75% ethanol solution after immersion 24h, filter residue is removed, filtrate is rotated, is concentrated by evaporation, until concentration
Liquid product obtains Herba Typhonii gigantei extract to the solution that room temperature measuring relative density is 1.2；
The preparation method of the white backleaf mallotus root extract is：Take in the water that its 8 times of mass parts are added in white backleaf mallotus root and boil
Filtered after 30min, filter residue is repeated to boil 2 times, whole filtrates are mixed and obtain white backleaf mallotus root extract；
It is described self-control base manure preparation method be：Stalk, tobacco stick are cut into 5cm segment and wood chip, lychee exocarp, chicken
Excrement, pig manure are put into collection fermentation vat, and add Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, white backleaf mallotus root extract is soaked, a length of 2d during immersion,
The composite bacteria agent added after activation obtains pretreatment material, is fermented ferment biomass pool is transferred to after the completion of pretreatment material processing,
Fermentation temperature is 31 DEG C, fermentation time 55h, and after the completion of fermentation, tunning is filtered, squeezed until moisture is
50% obtains biogas residue；After again fully drying peanut meal, mushroom bacterium bag powder, it is put into pulverizer and is crushed to granularity and is less than 1mm, obtain
To compound, compound is put into the biogas residue staticly settle 26h then filtered, squeeze after obtain just base manure processed；Will
The just base manure processed is put into sterilizing chamber and carries out sterilizing 10h with uviol lamp, that is, obtains making base manure by oneself；
(4) step (2) described grafting is moved in step (3) described planting pit, pours field planting water, and carry out field management
Until harvesting.
Embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods of lichee, comprise the following steps：
(1) seed of local wild Lychee is chosen, seed is put into sand bed and carries out vernalization, obtained young shoot is planted two
Year obtains rootstock seedling；
(2) collection is used as and connect without disease pest, the annotinous branch that growth is enriched, eye is full on the excellent elite stand selected
Fringe, it is grafting after it is survived by graft technology by the scion grafting to step (1) described rootstock seedling；
(3) planting site is turned over into the 14d that is exposed to the sun, every mu is applied 1.2t self-control base manure and mixed with soil, and every mu is dug 38 field planting
Cave, wherein, the wide 70cm of planting pit, deep 55cm；The self-control base manure is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight：52 parts
Stalk, 13 parts of tobacco sticks, 9 parts of peanut meals, 9 parts of wood chips, 14 parts of mushroom bacterium bag powder, 12 parts of lychee exocarps, 25 parts of chicken manures, 28 portions of oxen
Excrement, 0.3 part of Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, 12 parts of white backleaf mallotus root extracts, 0.06 part of composite bacteria agent；
Wherein, the composite bacteria agent be by photosynthetic bacteria, the thread flora of fermentation, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces according to
4.5:1.2:1:2.5 mass ratio is mixed；
The preparation method of the Herba Typhonii gigantei extract is：Take Typhonium giganteum to pulverize, add its 4.5 times of mass parts volume basis
Number removes filter residue, filtrate is rotated, is concentrated by evaporation, until dense to be filtered in 74% ethanol solution after immersion 23h
Contracting liquid product obtains Herba Typhonii gigantei extract to the solution that room temperature measuring relative density is 1.1；
The preparation method of the white backleaf mallotus root extract is：Take in the water that its 7 times of mass parts are added in white backleaf mallotus root and boil
Filtered after 27min, filter residue is repeated to boil 2 times, whole filtrates are mixed and obtain white backleaf mallotus root extract；
It is described self-control base manure preparation method be：Stalk, tobacco stick are cut into 4cm segment and wood chip, lychee exocarp, chicken
Excrement, pig manure are put into collection fermentation vat, and add Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, white backleaf mallotus root extract is soaked, a length of during immersion
1.8d, the composite bacteria agent added after activation obtain pretreatment material, are carried out ferment biomass pool is transferred to after the completion of pretreatment material processing
Fermentation, fermentation temperature are 30 DEG C, fermentation time 54h, after the completion of fermentation, tunning are filtered, squeezed until moisture
Content obtains biogas residue for 44%；After again fully drying peanut meal, mushroom bacterium bag powder, it is put into pulverizer and is crushed to granularity and is less than
1mm, obtain compound, compound is put into the biogas residue staticly settle 25h then filtered, squeeze after obtain just base processed
Fertilizer；The just base manure processed is put into sterilizing chamber and carries out sterilizing 9h with uviol lamp, that is, obtains making base manure by oneself；
(4) step (2) described grafting is moved in step (3) described planting pit, pours field planting water, and carry out field management
Until harvesting.
Comparative example 1
A kind of implantation methods of lichee, comprise the following steps：
(1) seed of local wild Lychee is chosen, seed is put into sand bed and carries out vernalization, obtained young shoot is planted two
Year obtains rootstock seedling；
(2) collection is used as and connect without disease pest, the annotinous branch that growth is enriched, eye is full on the excellent elite stand selected
Fringe, it is grafting after it is survived by graft technology by the scion grafting to step (1) described rootstock seedling；
(3) planting site is turned over into the 14d that is exposed to the sun, every mu is applied 1.2t self-control base manure and mixed with soil, and every mu is dug 38 field planting
Cave, wherein, the wide 70cm of planting pit, deep 55cm；The self-control base manure is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight：52 parts
Stalk, 13 parts of tobacco sticks, 9 parts of peanut meals, 9 parts of wood chips, 14 parts of mushroom bacterium bag powder, 12 parts of lychee exocarps, 25 parts of chicken manures, 28 portions of oxen
Excrement, 12 parts of white backleaf mallotus root extracts, 0.06 part of composite bacteria agent；
Wherein, the composite bacteria agent be by photosynthetic bacteria, the thread flora of fermentation, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces according to
4.5:1.2:1:2.5 mass ratio is mixed；
The preparation method of the white backleaf mallotus root extract is：Take in the water that its 7 times of mass parts are added in white backleaf mallotus root and boil
Filtered after 27min, filter residue is repeated to boil 2 times, whole filtrates are mixed and obtain white backleaf mallotus root extract；
It is described self-control base manure preparation method be：Stalk, tobacco stick are cut into 4cm segment and wood chip, lychee exocarp, chicken
Excrement, pig manure are put into collection fermentation vat, and are added white backleaf mallotus root extract and are soaked, a length of 1.8d during immersion, after adding activation
Composite bacteria agent obtain pretreatment material, will be transferred to ferment biomass pool after the completion of pretreatment material processing and be fermented, fermentation temperature is
30 DEG C, fermentation time 54h, after the completion of fermentation, tunning is filtered, squeezed until moisture obtains natural pond for 44%
Slag；After again fully drying peanut meal, mushroom bacterium bag powder, it is put into pulverizer and is crushed to granularity and is less than 1mm, obtain compound,
Compound is put into the biogas residue staticly settle 25h then filtered, squeeze after obtain just base manure processed；By the just base processed
Fertilizer is put into sterilizing chamber and carries out sterilizing 9h with uviol lamp, that is, obtains making base manure by oneself；
(4) step (2) described grafting is moved in step (3) described planting pit, pours field planting water, and carry out field management
Until harvesting.
Comparative example 2
A kind of implantation methods of lichee, comprise the following steps：
(1) seed of local wild Lychee is chosen, seed is put into sand bed and carries out vernalization, obtained young shoot is planted two
Year obtains rootstock seedling；
(2) collection is used as and connect without disease pest, the annotinous branch that growth is enriched, eye is full on the excellent elite stand selected
Fringe, it is grafting after it is survived by graft technology by the scion grafting to step (1) described rootstock seedling；
(3) planting site is turned over into the 14d that is exposed to the sun, every mu is applied 1.2t self-control base manure and mixed with soil, and every mu is dug 38 field planting
Cave, wherein, the wide 70cm of planting pit, deep 55cm；The self-control base manure is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight：52 parts
Stalk, 13 parts of tobacco sticks, 9 parts of peanut meals, 9 parts of wood chips, 14 parts of mushroom bacterium bag powder, 12 parts of lychee exocarps, 25 parts of chicken manures, 28 portions of oxen
Excrement, 0.3 part of Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, 0.06 part of composite bacteria agent；
Wherein, the composite bacteria agent be by photosynthetic bacteria, the thread flora of fermentation, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces according to
4.5:1.2:1:2.5 mass ratio is mixed；
The preparation method of the Herba Typhonii gigantei extract is：Take Typhonium giganteum to pulverize, add its 4.5 times of mass parts volume basis
Number removes filter residue, filtrate is rotated, is concentrated by evaporation, until dense to be filtered in 74% ethanol solution after immersion 23h
Contracting liquid product obtains Herba Typhonii gigantei extract to the solution that room temperature measuring relative density is 1.1；
It is described self-control base manure preparation method be：Stalk, tobacco stick are cut into 4cm segment and wood chip, lychee exocarp, chicken
Excrement, pig manure are put into collection fermentation vat, and are added Herba Typhonii gigantei extract and are soaked, a length of 1.8d during immersion, after adding activation
Composite bacteria agent obtains pretreatment material, is fermented ferment biomass pool is transferred to after the completion of pretreatment material processing, fermentation temperature 30
DEG C, fermentation time 54h, after the completion of fermentation, tunning is filtered, squeezed until moisture obtains natural pond for 44%
Slag；After again fully drying peanut meal, mushroom bacterium bag powder, it is put into pulverizer and is crushed to granularity and is less than 1mm, obtain compound,
Compound is put into the biogas residue staticly settle 25h then filtered, squeeze after obtain just base manure processed；By the just base processed
Fertilizer is put into sterilizing chamber and carries out sterilizing 9h with uviol lamp, that is, obtains making base manure by oneself；
(4) step (2) described grafting is moved in step (3) described planting pit, pours field planting water, and carry out field management
Until harvesting.
Comparative example 3
A kind of implantation methods of lichee, comprise the following steps：
(1) seed of local wild Lychee is chosen, seed is put into sand bed and carries out vernalization, obtained young shoot is planted two
Year obtains rootstock seedling；
(2) collection is used as and connect without disease pest, the annotinous branch that growth is enriched, eye is full on the excellent elite stand selected
Fringe, it is grafting after it is survived by graft technology by the scion grafting to step (1) described rootstock seedling；
(3) planting site is turned over into the 14d that is exposed to the sun, every mu is applied 1.2t self-control base manure and mixed with soil, and every mu is dug 38 field planting
Cave, wherein, the wide 70cm of planting pit, deep 55cm；The self-control base manure is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight：52 parts
Stalk, 13 parts of tobacco sticks, 9 parts of peanut meals, 9 parts of wood chips, 14 parts of mushroom bacterium bag powder, 12 parts of lychee exocarps, 25 parts of chicken manures, 28 portions of oxen
Excrement, 0.3 part of Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, 12 parts of white backleaf mallotus root extracts；
Wherein, the preparation method of the Herba Typhonii gigantei extract is：Take Typhonium giganteum to pulverize, add its 4.5 times of mass parts bodies
Filtered after soaking 23h in the ethanol solution that product percentage is 74%, remove filter residue, filtrate is rotated, is concentrated by evaporation,
Until the volume of concentrate obtains Herba Typhonii gigantei extract to the solution that room temperature measuring relative density is 1.1；
The preparation method of the white backleaf mallotus root extract is：Take in the water that its 7 times of mass parts are added in white backleaf mallotus root and boil
Filtered after 27min, filter residue is repeated to boil 2 times, whole filtrates are mixed and obtain white backleaf mallotus root extract；
It is described self-control base manure preparation method be：Stalk, tobacco stick are cut into 4cm segment and wood chip, lychee exocarp, chicken
Excrement, pig manure are put into collection fermentation vat, and add Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, white backleaf mallotus root extract is soaked, a length of during immersion
1.8d obtains pretreatment material, and pretreatment material is transferred into ferment biomass pool is fermented, and fermentation temperature is 30 DEG C, and fermentation time is
54h, after the completion of fermentation, tunning is filtered, squeezed until moisture obtains biogas residue for 44%；Again by peanut meal,
After mushroom bacterium bag powder is fully dried, it is put into pulverizer and is crushed to granularity and is less than 1mm, obtain compound, compound is put into institute
State staticly settled in biogas residue 25h then filtered, squeeze after obtain just base manure processed；The just base manure processed is put into sterilizing chamber to use
Uviol lamp carries out sterilizing 9h, that is, obtains making base manure by oneself；
(4) step (2) described grafting is moved in step (3) described planting pit, pours field planting water, and carry out field management
Until harvesting.
Comparative example 4
A kind of implantation methods of lichee, comprise the following steps：
(1) seed of local wild Lychee is chosen, seed is put into sand bed and carries out vernalization, obtained young shoot is planted two
Year obtains rootstock seedling；
(2) collection is used as and connect without disease pest, the annotinous branch that growth is enriched, eye is full on the excellent elite stand selected
Fringe, it is grafting after it is survived by graft technology by the scion grafting to step (1) described rootstock seedling；
(3) planting site is turned over into the 14d that is exposed to the sun, every mu is applied 1.2t self-control base manure and mixed with soil, and every mu is dug 38 field planting
Cave, wherein, the wide 70cm of planting pit, deep 55cm；The self-control base manure is formed by the fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight：52 parts
Stalk, 9 parts of peanut meals, 9 parts of wood chips, 25 parts of chicken manures, 28 parts of cow dungs, 0.3 part of Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, 12 parts of white backleaf mallotus root extractions
Thing, 0.06 part of composite bacteria agent；
Wherein, the composite bacteria agent be by photosynthetic bacteria, the thread flora of fermentation, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces according to
4.5:1.2:1:2.5 mass ratio is mixed；
The preparation method of the Herba Typhonii gigantei extract is：Take Typhonium giganteum to pulverize, add its 4.5 times of mass parts volume basis
Number removes filter residue, filtrate is rotated, is concentrated by evaporation, until dense to be filtered in 74% ethanol solution after immersion 23h
Contracting liquid product obtains Herba Typhonii gigantei extract to the solution that room temperature measuring relative density is 1.1；
The preparation method of the white backleaf mallotus root extract is：Take in the water that its 7 times of mass parts are added in white backleaf mallotus root and boil
Filtered after 27min, filter residue is repeated to boil 2 times, whole filtrates are mixed and obtain white backleaf mallotus root extract；
It is described self-control base manure preparation method be：Stalk is cut into 4cm segment and wood chip, chicken manure, pig manure are put into collection hair
In ferment pond, and add Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, white backleaf mallotus root extract is soaked, a length of 1.8d during immersion, after adding activation
Composite bacteria agent obtains pretreatment material, is fermented ferment biomass pool is transferred to after the completion of pretreatment material processing, fermentation temperature 30
DEG C, fermentation time 54h, after the completion of fermentation, tunning is filtered, squeezed until moisture obtains natural pond for 44%
Slag；After peanut meal is fully dried again, it is put into pulverizer and is crushed to granularity and is less than 1mm, obtain compound, compound is put into
Staticly settled in the biogas residue 25h then filtered, squeeze after obtain just base manure processed；The just base manure processed is put into sterilizing chamber
Sterilizing 9h is carried out with uviol lamp, that is, obtains making base manure by oneself；
(4) step (2) described grafting is moved in step (3) described planting pit, pours field planting water, and carry out field management
Until harvesting.
Experiment case study
The inventive method passes through a large amount of field experiments, by " cv. Feizixiao " lichee as experimental subjects, use embodiment 1-3 with
And comparative example 1-4 implantation methods are managed, every group of 100 plants of plantation, planted in adjacent planting site point, the 4th year picking time received
Collection gained lichee, records its average production situation, specific data are shown in Table 1；
The average production situation of table 1
| Average strain yield (kg) | Pest and disease damage rate (%) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 125.5 | 0 |
| Embodiment 2 | 119.8 | 0 |
| Embodiment 3 | 120.7 | 0 |
| Comparative example 1 | 83.3 | 5 |
| Comparative example 2 | 78.8 | 8 |
| Comparative example 3 | 65.2 | 12 |
| Comparative example 4 | 75.5 | 3 |
From the results shown in Table 1, lichee its item for planting to obtain using 1-3 implantation methods of the embodiment of the present invention refer to
Mark is superior to other comparative example groups, and the yield of gained lichee is higher, illustrates the method plantation lichee using the present invention, can significantly carry
Rise the yield and quality of lichee.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements, belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of implantation methods of lichee, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) seed of local wild Lychee is chosen, seed is put into sand bed and carries out vernalization, obtained young shoot is planted 2 years
To rootstock seedling；
(2) gathered on the excellent elite stand selected without disease pest, grow annotinous branch substantial, that eye is full as scion, led to
Graft technology is crossed by the scion grafting to step (1) described rootstock seedling, is grafting after it is survived；
(3) planting site is turned over into the 10-15d that is exposed to the sun, every mu is applied 1-1.5t self-control base manure and mixed with soil, and every mu is dug 35-40
Planting pit, wherein, the wide 60-80cm of planting pit, deep 50-60cm；The self-control base manure is the raw material hair by following parts by weight
Ferment forms：50-55 parts stalk, 10-15 parts tobacco stick, 8-10 parts peanut meal, 8-10 parts wood chip, 10-15 part mushroom bacterium bags powder,
10-15 parts lychee exocarp, 20-30 parts chicken manure, 25-30 parts cow dung, 0.2-0.5 parts Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, 10-15 part white backleaf mallotus roots carry
Take thing, 0.05-0.07 part composite bacteria agents；
Wherein, the composite bacteria agent is according to 4-5 by photosynthetic bacteria, the thread flora of fermentation, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces:
1-2:1:2-3 mass ratio is mixed；
(4) step (2) described grafting is moved in step (3) described planting pit, pours field planting water, and carry out field management until
Harvesting.
2. the implantation methods of lichee according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), it is described self-control base manure be by
The fermenting raw materials of following parts by weight form：52 parts of stalks, 13 parts of tobacco sticks, 9 parts of peanut meals, 9 parts of wood chips, 14 parts of mushroom bacterium bags
Powder, 12 parts of lychee exocarps, 25 parts of chicken manures, 28 parts of cow dungs, 0.3 part of Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, 12 parts of white backleaf mallotus root extracts, 0.06 part it is multiple
Close microbial inoculum.
3. the implantation methods of lichee according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), the composite bacteria agent be by
Photosynthetic bacteria, the thread flora of fermentation, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces are according to 4.5:1.2:1:2.5 mass ratio is mixed.
4. the implantation methods of lichee according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), the Herba Typhonii gigantei extract
Preparation method be：Take Typhonium giganteum to pulverize, add in the ethanol solution that its 4-5 times of mass parts percentage by volume is 73-75%
Filtered after immersion 20-24h, remove filter residue, filtrate is rotated, is concentrated by evaporation, until the volume of concentrate to room temperature is surveyed
Determine the solution that relative density is 1.0-1.2, obtain Herba Typhonii gigantei extract.
5. the implantation methods of lichee according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), the white backleaf mallotus root extraction
The preparation method of thing is：Take and filtered after boiling 25-30min in the water that its 6-8 times of mass parts is added in white backleaf mallotus root, filter residue is repeated
Boil 2 times, whole filtrates are mixed and obtain white backleaf mallotus root extract.
6. the implantation methods of lichee according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), the system of the self-control base manure
It is as method：Stalk, tobacco stick are cut into 3-5cm segment and wood chip, lychee exocarp, chicken manure, pig manure are put into collection fermentation vat, and
Add Herba Typhonii gigantei extract, white backleaf mallotus root extract to be soaked, a length of 1.5-2d during immersion, the composite bacteria agent added after activation
Pretreatment material is obtained, is fermented ferment biomass pool is transferred to after the completion of pretreatment material processing, fermentation temperature is 29-31 DEG C, hair
The ferment time is 52-55h, and after the completion of fermentation, tunning is filtered, squeezed until moisture is that 40-50% obtains natural pond
Slag；After again fully drying peanut meal, mushroom bacterium bag powder, it is put into pulverizer and is crushed to granularity and is less than 1mm, obtain compound,
Compound is put into the biogas residue staticly settle 24-26h then filtered, squeeze after obtain just base manure processed；Will be described first
Base manure processed is put into sterilizing chamber and carries out sterilizing 8-10h with uviol lamp, that is, obtains making base manure by oneself.
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| CN109076849A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-25 | 广西陆川县兰辉农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Wampee tree |
| CN109076895A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-25 | 广西陆川县兰辉农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of dragon fruit |
| CN109089684A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-28 | 广西陆川县兰辉农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of lichee |
| CN109328911A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-15 | 玉林市农业科学院（广西农业科学院桂东南分院） | A kind of interplanting method of water spinach and sponge gourd |
| CN109328910A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-15 | 玉林市农业科学院（广西农业科学院桂东南分院） | A kind of interplanting method of tomato and pakchoi |
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