CN107757516A - 用于制造车辆内饰件的方法和车辆内饰件 - Google Patents

用于制造车辆内饰件的方法和车辆内饰件 Download PDF

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CN107757516A
CN107757516A CN201710708820.XA CN201710708820A CN107757516A CN 107757516 A CN107757516 A CN 107757516A CN 201710708820 A CN201710708820 A CN 201710708820A CN 107757516 A CN107757516 A CN 107757516A
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glass panel
reinforcer
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CN107757516B (zh
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奥斯曼·法伊克
斯蒂芬·贝拉甘姆巴
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Faurecia Innenraum Systeme GmbH
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于制造车辆内饰件的方法和车辆内饰件。所提出的方法包括提供具有背侧(5)以及第一区域和第二区域的玻璃面板(1)的步骤。在另外的步骤中,第一加强件(6,7,8)附接至玻璃面板(1)的第一区域。由此,形成了玻璃面板(1)的加强区域(11,12,13)。该方法还包括通过冷成型使玻璃面板(1)的第二区域弯曲,使得玻璃面板(1)的弯曲区域(14,15)形成于与加强区域(11,12,13)相邻的区域内的步骤。该方法还包括使用固定部件使玻璃面板(1)保持形状的步骤。

Description

用于制造车辆内饰件的方法和车辆内饰件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于制造车辆内饰件的方法。此外,本发明涉及一种车辆内饰件。
背景技术
已知在车辆内部,将玻璃面板用作例如镜子或用作仪表玻璃。玻璃以其优质的光学外观和触觉外观而闻名。另外,显示器通常安装在车辆内部以便为驾驶员或乘客提供信息。在一些应用中,显示器可以布置在光学透明玻璃面板的后面,例如为了保护显示器免受食物或饮料溢出,或者为了保护显示器免受刮伤。
另外,弯曲的玻璃面板用于各种应用中。弯曲的玻璃面板可以通过以下方式形成:首先,将玻璃面板加热到高于玻璃面板的软化点的温度,随后,可以通过使用弯曲装置主动使玻璃面板弯曲而使玻璃面板变形,或者使玻璃由于其自身重量弯曲而使玻璃面板变形。可替选地,在使玻璃面板弯曲时,可以使用冷成型工艺。已知这些工艺消耗更少的能量和时间。在冷成型工艺中,玻璃面板通常在室温下在弯曲的框架上弯曲。在使玻璃面板弯曲后,例如在玻璃面板的曲率与弯曲的框架的曲率相对应时,玻璃面板发生应变而倾向于逐渐恢复其初始形状。因此,弯曲的玻璃面板在弯曲后通常需要机械地固定至弯曲的框架,以保持玻璃面板的曲率。
例如,文献DE10 2013 214 108 A1涉及一种用于制造弯曲的、半透明的模制玻璃件的方法,该弯曲的、半透明的模制玻璃件特别是用于车辆仪表板的盘形盖,其中,简化了用于玻璃件成形的生产工艺。通过在玻璃膜之间插入粘合剂层而使多个柔性的无机玻璃膜层叠。在模制工具中,将玻璃层压紧并保持在低于玻璃转变温度的温度下,直到粘合剂固化,从而形成自支撑模制玻璃件。
当包括诸如显示器的功能元件的玻璃面板弯曲时,可能发生这样的问题:该问题涉及通过弯曲工艺在功能元件和玻璃面板之间的粘合界面上施加的应变或者通过弯曲工艺在功能元件自身上施加的应变。因此,可能发生功能元件的脱离或破损。当玻璃面板包括用于容纳诸如显示器、通风口或者旋钮的功能元件的孔时,可能发生类似的问题。面板由于孔而被弱化,并且面板中围绕孔的应力可能会超过临界值,其结果是不想要的变形或者甚至是破损。
发明内容
鉴于上述方面,本发明的目的是提出一种用于制造汽车内部面板的方法,该方法有助于克服上述缺点。特别地,本发明的目的是提出一种制造方法,其允许一个或多个功能元件与弯曲的玻璃面板之间的稳固的连接,同时降低玻璃面板或功能元件破损的风险。此外,本发明的目的是提供一种类似地有利的车辆内部面板。
这些目的通过具有独立权利要求1的步骤的方法和具有另一独立权利要求的特征的车辆内部面板来实现。可选的另外的特征和另外的改进可以从从属权利要求和结合附图的详细的说明书而变得显而易见。
所提出的用于制造车辆内饰件的方法包括以下步骤:提供具有背侧以及第一区域和第二区域的玻璃面板。在另外的步骤中,将加强件附接至玻璃面板的第一区域,例如附接至玻璃面板的背侧。由此,形成了玻璃面板的加强区域。该方法还包括以下步骤:通过冷成型使玻璃面板的第二区域弯曲,使得玻璃面板的弯曲区域形成于与加强区域相邻的区域内。该方法还包括以下步骤:使用固定部件使玻璃面板保持形状。
在冷弯曲工艺之前,玻璃面板通常是平坦的,但是玻璃面板可能是弯曲的。加强件确保加强区域在弯曲过程期间保持其形状(通常为平坦的形状)。因此,加强区域适合于功能元件的附接,该功能元件从具有适于该元件的形状的表面受益。例如,该功能元件可以是平坦的显示器。功能元件可以在使玻璃面板弯曲之前或者在使玻璃面板弯曲之后附接至加强区域。如果功能元件在使玻璃面板弯曲之前附接至加强区域,所提出的方法可以在弯曲过程期间防止功能元件的脱离以及功能元件的破损。例如,显示器可以在与加强区域相对应的区域中附接至玻璃面板的背侧。在该实施方式中,玻璃面板至少部分地是光学透明的。显示器可以在使玻璃面板弯曲之前附接至玻璃面板的背侧。
所提出的冷成型工艺通常是快速的和节能的,并且因此有助于降低生产成本。通常在室温和/或低于玻璃软化点进行冷成型工艺。如果功能元件在使玻璃面板弯曲之前附接至玻璃面板,则该温度可能不会超过功能元件的降解温度。
玻璃面板需要保持形状,以防止冷成型的玻璃面板由于通过弯曲工艺在玻璃面板中产生的应变而恢复其初始形状。固定部件可以是拱心石形加强件。拱心石形加强件具有这样的表面:该表面的曲率半径与玻璃面板的背侧在弯曲区域中的曲率半径相对应。另外,使玻璃面板保持形状的步骤可以包括以下步骤:在弯曲区域中布置拱心石形加强件,并且拱心石形加强件的表面在玻璃面板的背侧。此外,使玻璃面板保持形状的步骤可以包括以下步骤:将拱心石形加强件附接至加强件。
玻璃面板在弯曲之后,其背侧的曲率半径通常可以达到几毫米或几厘米。对于轻微弯曲的面板,其曲率半径可能大得多。
在一些实施方式中,使玻璃面板保持形状的步骤可以包括以下步骤:在弯曲区域中,将拱心石形加强件附接至玻璃面板。可以在另外的步骤中移除加强件。然后,冷成型的玻璃面板可以通过拱心石形加强件来保持形状。
本发明还涉及车辆内饰件。该车辆内饰件包括冷成型的玻璃面板和加强件。加强件附接至玻璃面板,例如附接至玻璃面板的背侧,从而形成玻璃面板的加强区域。玻璃面板包括与加强区域相邻的弯曲区域。车辆内饰件还包括拱心石形加强件,拱心石形加强件具有这样的表面:该表面的曲率半径与玻璃面板的背侧在弯曲区域中的曲率半径相对应。拱心石形加强件附接至加强件,以使玻璃面板通过拱心石形加强件和加强件保持形状。车辆内饰件可以包括显示器,该显示器附接至玻璃面板的与加强区域相对应的区域中的背侧。玻璃面板的前侧通常面对车辆内部。当该车辆内饰件安装在车辆内时,玻璃面板的前侧通常形成车辆内饰件的可视侧。
在一些实施方式中,第二加强件可以附接至玻璃面板,例如附接至玻璃面板的背侧。由此,可以形成玻璃面板的第二加强区域。通常,第二加强区域不与第一加强区域重叠。弯曲区域通常形成于第一加强区域和第二加强区域之间。
拱心石形加强件可以在其布置于玻璃面板的背侧上之后,附接至第二加强件。
第一加强件和/或第二加强件可以至少部分地围绕玻璃面板的区域。特别地,玻璃面板的该区域可以包括孔和/或功能元件(例如显示器)。第一加强件和/或第二加强件可以是具有配置成用于容纳显示器或者其它功能元件的开口的框架,该开口特别是盲孔、通孔或凹槽。在另外的实施方式中,第一加强件和/或第二加强件可以简单地连接。
另外,该唯一的加强件和/或任何附加的加强件可以是板或者框架。该板或者框架至少部分地覆盖玻璃面板的背侧和/或功能元件(例如显示器)的背侧,该功能元件可以附接至玻璃面板的背侧或者位于玻璃面板的孔的里面。在一些实施方式中,加强件部分地包围玻璃面板的边缘区域,使得其接触玻璃面板的前侧和后侧。
此外,该玻璃面板可以包括位于与第一加强区域相对应的区域中的开口。玻璃面板还可以包括位于与第二加强区域相对应的区域中的开口。在第一加强区域和/或第二加强区域中的玻璃面板的开口可以适于容纳诸如通风口和/或垃圾桶的功能性模块。
例如,加强件和/或拱心石形加强件可以粘接至玻璃面板的背侧。加强件和/或第二加强件可以至少部分地围绕开口。加强件和/或第二加强件可以是具有开口的框架并且可以被配置成围绕玻璃面板的开口。
可以在使玻璃面板保持形状的步骤之后移除弯曲装置,其中,可以使用弯曲装置进行通过冷成型使玻璃面板弯曲的步骤。
第一加强件、第二加强件以及拱心石形加强件是刚性的。第一加强件、第二加强件和/或拱心石形加强件可以包含金属和/或纤维增强塑料。例如,第一加强件、第二加强件和/或拱心石形加强件可以包含铝。
玻璃面板可以包括钠钙和/或硅铝酸盐。玻璃面板可以是化学强化的和/或热强化的。玻璃面板的厚度可以为至少0.01mm和/或至多2mm。
第一加强件、第二加强件或者任何其它加强件可以是平坦的加强件。第一加强件、第二加强件或者任何其它加强件可以具有平坦的表面。第一加强件、第二加强件或者任何其它加强件可以通过加强件的平坦表面附接至玻璃面板的背侧。
特别地,车辆内部面板可以适于形成覆盖显示器并且另外覆盖通风口和/或垃圾桶的内饰件。为此,车辆内部面板可以包括附接至玻璃面板的背侧的第二加强件。由此可以形成玻璃面板的第二加强区域。第二加强区域可以不与第一加强区域重叠。另外,弯曲区域可以形成在第一加强区域和第二加强区域之间。玻璃面板可以包括位于第二加强区域中的开口。
附图说明
将结合以下附图描述示例性的实施方式。
图1a示出了在冷成型工艺之前的玻璃面板的透视图;
图1b示出了玻璃面板和附接至玻璃面板的背侧的加强件的透视图;
图2示出了加强件的替选的实施方式的剖视图;
图3a示出了在冷成型工艺之后的玻璃面板和加强件的剖视图;
图3b示出了玻璃面板、加强件和拱心石形加强件的剖视图;
图4a示出了具有显示器和加强件的另外的玻璃面板的剖视图;
图4b示出了玻璃面板的俯视图;和
图5示出了在弯曲工艺之后的玻璃面板的剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1a示出了用于制造车辆内饰件的方法的第一步骤。该图示出了包括两个开口2、3的平坦的且光学透明的玻璃面板1。该开口2和开口3将玻璃面板1的前侧4与玻璃面板1的背侧5连接。例如,玻璃面板1的厚度可以达到0.5mm。玻璃面板1可以由铝硅酸盐玻璃构成。所描述的玻璃面板1具有矩形形状。然而,其它形状也是可以的。
图1b示出了在三个加强件6、7、8已经附接至玻璃面板1的背侧5的一部分之后的玻璃面板1。图1b和以下附图中示出的相应的特征用相同的附图标记来表示。在该实施方式中,加强件是平坦的加强件,该平坦的加强件具有与玻璃面板的平坦的背侧相对应的平坦的表面。加强件6、加强件7和加强件8各自具有这样的平坦的表面,该平坦的表面平坦地抵靠玻璃面板1的背侧5。加强件6、加强件7和加强件8可以粘接到玻璃面板1的背侧5。可替选地,加强件6、加强件7和加强件8可以通过其它方式(例如夹紧)附接至玻璃面板1。
两个加强件6、8构成了玻璃面板1的开口2、开口3的框架。两个加强件6、8的开口9、开口10与玻璃面板1的开口2、开口3重叠。另一个加强件7没有开口。加强件7布置在其它的加强件6和加强件8之间。
加强件6、加强件7和加强件8可以包含例如铝的金属或者由例如铝的金属组成。加强件6、加强件7和加强件8也可以包含例如碳纤维的强力纤维和/或塑料材料。因此,加强件6、加强件7和加强件8是刚性的。加强件6、加强件7和加强件8间隔开,从而形成玻璃面板1的分开的加强区域11、加强区域12和加强区域13。在加强区域11、加强区域12和加强区域13之间形成了玻璃面板1的另外的区域14和区域15。这些区域14和区域15不被加强件6、加强件7和加强件8加强。在图1b中用虚线示出了玻璃面板1的不同的区域11、区域12、区域13、区域14和区域15。
在图2的剖视图中示出了加强件6’的另外的可能的实施方式。如同上面描述的加强件6一样,加强件6’的另一个实施方式形成了玻璃面板1的加强区域11。该加强件6’形成框架并且包围玻璃面板1的边缘16,并且接触玻璃面板1的前侧4和背侧5。
在另外的步骤中,使用冷成型工艺在加强区域之间的区域14和区域15使玻璃面板1弯曲。例如,可以在室温下进行玻璃面板1的弯曲。可以使用本领域已知的弯曲装置来进行玻璃面板1的弯曲。
如图3a所示,由于加强件6、加强件7和加强件8,玻璃面板1的加强区域11、加强区域12和加强区域13在冷成型过程期间并没有弯曲。因此,玻璃面板1在这些区域11、区域12和区域13中保持其形状(通常是平坦的形状)。然而,在加强区域11、加强区域12和加强区域13之间的区域14和区域15中,玻璃面板1是弯曲的。在这些弯曲的区域14和区域15中,玻璃面板1的背侧5呈现出了曲率半径。该曲率半径可以达到例如几毫米或者几厘米。
在下一步骤中,如图3b所示,提供了两个拱心石形加强件17、18。拱心石形加强件17和拱心石形加强件18是刚性的并且通常包含诸如铝的金属。拱心石形加强件17和拱心石形加强件18分别具有这样的表面:该表面的曲率半径与玻璃面板1的背侧5在玻璃面板1的弯曲的区域14和区域15中的一者中的曲率半径相对应。拱心石形加强件17和拱心石形加强件18分别布置在玻璃面板1的、在玻璃面板1的弯曲的区域14和区域15中的一者中的背侧5上,使得在弯曲的区域14和区域15中,拱心石形加强件17和拱心石形加强件18的表面平坦地抵靠玻璃面板1的背侧5。拱心石形加强件17和拱心石形加强件18填充在加强件6、加强件7和加强件8之间的间隙中。优选地,拱心石形加强件由金属制成,但是它们也可以由陶瓷或机械强度塑料(例如纤维增强塑料)制成。
在另外的步骤中,拱心石形加强件17和拱心石形加强件18可以例如使用螺钉或粘合剂附接至加强件6、加强件7和加强件8,使得玻璃面板1通过加强件6、加强件7、加强件8、加强件17和加强件18来保持形状。然后,可以移除弯曲装置。
在一些实施方式中,在移除弯曲装置之前,拱心石形加强件17和拱心石形加强件18可以通过粘接或夹紧而附接至玻璃面板1,特别是附接至玻璃面板1的背侧5。在这些实施方式中,玻璃面板1可以单独地通过拱心石形加强件17和拱心石形加强件18来保持形状,并且在下一步骤中,可以移除加强件6、加强件7和加强件8。
在图1a至图3b中的任一者中均未示出的显示器可以粘合至玻璃面板1的背侧5。在一些实施方式中,在弯曲玻璃面板1之前,将显示器在加强区域12中粘合至玻璃面板1的背侧5。然而,显示器也可以在弯曲玻璃面板之后、在适当的情况下在移除加强件6、加强件7和加强件8或者其中一个加强件7之后,粘合至玻璃面板1的背侧5。
当车辆内饰件安装在车辆中时,玻璃面板1的前侧4通常面对车辆内部19。在一些实施方式中,可以在玻璃面板1的背侧5上安装通风口,使得通风口与玻璃面板1的开口2重叠。另外,可以在玻璃面板1的背侧5上安装垃圾桶,使得垃圾桶的开口可以与玻璃面板1的开口3重叠。
在以下附图中示出了用于制造车辆内饰件的另一工艺。图4a示出了在弯曲工艺之前的玻璃面板1。在该示例中,使用粘合部件22和粘合部件23将两个功能元件(例如显示器20和显示器21)粘合至玻璃面板1的背侧5。另外,将加强件6、加强件7和加强件8粘接至玻璃面板1的背侧5,从而形成玻璃面板1的加强区域11、加强区域12和加强区域13。玻璃面板1的布置在加强区域11、加强区域12和加强区域13之间的区域14和区域15将形成玻璃面板1的弯曲区域。
两个加强件6、7分别覆盖显示器20和显示器21中的一者的背侧24、背侧25。图4b示出了玻璃面板1的背侧5的俯视图和加强件6、加强件7和加强件8的俯视图。在该图中,显示器20和显示器21的位置用虚线26、27描绘。加强件6和加强件7分别部分地围绕显示器20和显示器21中的其中之一。
在另外的步骤中,玻璃面板1通过冷成型弯曲。在该步骤期间,如在图5中用标号28和标号29的箭头示意性示出的,弯曲装置在所描述的结构上施加力。如上所述,玻璃面板1在与加强件6、加强件7和加强件8之间的间隙相对应的区域14和区域15中是弯曲的,而玻璃面板1在加强区域11、加强区域12和加强区域13中保持平坦。
如上所述,在弯曲工艺之后,拱心石形加强件17和拱心石形加强件18布置在玻璃面板1的背侧5上,以使玻璃面板1保持形状。为此,拱心石形加强件17和拱心石形加强件18可以附接至玻璃面板1和/或加强件6、加强件7和加强件8。在下一步骤中,可以移除弯曲装置。
在图5示出的实施方式中,该内饰件包括三个加强件6、7、8,这三个加强件6、7、8附接至玻璃面板1的背侧5,以提供玻璃面板1的三个加强区域11、12、13。玻璃面板1的两个弯曲的区域14、15相邻并且位于加强区域11、加强区域12和加强区域13之间。因此,三个加强区域11、12、13被两个弯曲的区域14、15分隔开。在相应的区域中分别具有玻璃面板的背侧的曲率半径的两个拱心石形加强件附接至加强件。加强件和拱心石形加强件使面板保持其形状。
图5的实施方式还包括在玻璃面板的加强区域中的功能元件20和功能元件21。功能元件可以是显示器、音频设备或空调机构。代替包括功能元件,加强区域可以包括用于通风的孔或者用于垃圾盘的孔。

Claims (14)

1.一种用于制造车辆内饰件的方法,其特征在于以下步骤:
-提供具有背侧(5)以及第一区域和第二区域的玻璃面板(1),
-将第一加强件(6,7,8)附接至所述玻璃面板(1)的所述第一区域,从而形成所述玻璃面板(1)的加强区域(11,12,13),
-通过冷成型使所述玻璃面板(1)的所述第二区域弯曲,使得所述玻璃面板(1)的弯曲区域(14,15)形成于与所述加强区域(11,12,13)相邻的区域内,以及
-使用固定部件使所述玻璃面板(1)保持形状。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于以下步骤:
-将第二加强件(6,7,8)附接至所述玻璃面板(1)的第三区域,从而形成所述玻璃面板(1)的第二加强区域(11,12,13),
其中,所述第二加强区域(11,12,13)不与所述第一加强区域(11,12,13)重叠,并且
其中,所述弯曲区域(14,15)形成于所述第一加强区域(11,12,13)与所述第二加强区域(11,12,13)之间。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于以下步骤:
-将第三加强件(6,7,8)附接至所述玻璃面板(1)的第四区域,从而形成所述玻璃面板(1)的第三加强区域(11,12,13),
其中,所述第三加强区域(11,12,13)不与所述第一加强区域(11,12,13)或所述第二加强区域(11,12,13)重叠,并且
其中,第二弯曲区域(14,15)形成于所述第三加强区域(11,12,13)与所述第二加强区域(11,12,13)之间。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述固定部件是拱心石形加强件(17,18),所述拱心石形加强件(17,18)具有这样的表面:所述表面的曲率半径与所述玻璃面板(1)的所述背侧(5)在所述弯曲区域(14,15)中的曲率半径相对应,并且,使所述玻璃面板(1)保持形状的步骤包括以下步骤:
-在所述弯曲区域(14,15)中布置所述拱心石形加强件(17,18),并且所述拱心石形加强件的表面在所述玻璃面板(1)的所述背侧(5)上。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于以下步骤:
-在与所述加强区域(11,12,13)相对应的区域中,将显示器(20,21)附接至所述玻璃面板(1)的所述背侧(5)。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述加强件(6,7,8)中的至少一者是框架,所述框架部分地围绕所述玻璃面板(1)的区域。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述加强件(6,7,8)中的至少一者是至少部分覆盖所述玻璃面板(1)的背侧和/或所述显示器(20,21)的背侧(24,25)的板或框架。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述玻璃面板(1)包括在与所述加强区域(11,12,13)相对应的区域中的开口(2,3)。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于以下步骤:
-在使所述玻璃面板(1)保持形状的步骤后,移除弯曲装置,
其中,通过冷成型使所述玻璃面板(1)弯曲的步骤是使用所述弯曲装置来预成型的。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述加强件(6,7,8)包含金属或纤维增强塑料。
11.一种通过权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法制造的车辆内饰件。
12.一种车辆内饰件,其特征在于冷成型的玻璃面板(1)和加强件(6,7,8)以及拱心石形加强件(17,18),其中,所述加强件(6,7,8)附接至所述玻璃面板(1)的背侧(5),从而形成所述玻璃面板(1)的加强区域(11,12,13),其中,所述玻璃面板(1)包括与所述加强区域(11,12,13)相邻的弯曲区域(14,15),所述拱心石形加强件(17,18)具有这样的表面:所述表面的曲率半径与所述玻璃面板(1)的所述背侧(5)在所述弯曲区域(14,15)中的曲率半径相对应,其中,所述拱心石形加强件(17,18)附接至所述加强件(6,7,8),以使所述玻璃面板(1)通过所述拱心石形加强件(17,18)和所述加强件(6,7,8)保持形状。
13.根据权利要求12所述的车辆内饰件,其特征在于显示器(20,21),所述显示器(20,21)在与所述加强区域(11,12,13)相对应的区域中附接至所述玻璃面板(1)的所述背侧(5)。
14.根据权利要求13所述的车辆内饰件,其特征在于第二加强件(6,7,8),所述第二加强件(6,7,8)附接至所述玻璃面板(1)的所述背侧(5),从而形成所述玻璃面板(1)的第二加强区域(11,12,13),
其中,所述第二加强区域(11,12,13)不与所述第一加强区域(11,12,13)重叠,并且
其中,所述弯曲区域(14,15)形成于所述第一加强区域(11,12,13)与所述第二加强区域(11,12,13)之间,
其中,所述玻璃面板(1)包括位于所述第二加强区域(11,12,13)中的开口(2,3)。
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