CN107694599B - 一种用于合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂及其应用 - Google Patents
一种用于合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical class [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 15
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- NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium nitrate Chemical compound [Cs+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trinitrate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 8
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXHLLJAMBQLULT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[6-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl]amino]-n-(2-methyl-6-sulfanylphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide;hydrate Chemical compound O.C=1C(N2CCN(CCO)CC2)=NC(C)=NC=1NC(S1)=NC=C1C(=O)NC1=C(C)C=CC=C1S WXHLLJAMBQLULT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKEHOXWJQXIQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 IKEHOXWJQXIQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003074 TiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007932 ZrCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007036 catalytic synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/76—Iron group metals or copper
- B01J29/7615—Zeolite Beta
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/08—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
- B01J29/10—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/14—Iron group metals or copper
- B01J29/146—Y-type faujasite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/18—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the mordenite type
- B01J29/20—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the mordenite type containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/24—Iron group metals or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/82—Phosphates
- B01J29/84—Aluminophosphates containing other elements, e.g. metals, boron
- B01J29/85—Silicoaluminophosphates [SAPO compounds]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/11—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms
- C07C37/14—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms by addition reactions, i.e. reactions involving at least one carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/10—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained
- B01J2229/18—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于合成4‑甲基‑2,6‑二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂及其应用,所述催化剂是以磷酸铵、磷酸氢铵、磷酸二氢铵中任意一种改性的分子筛为载体,负载活性组分A和活性组分B,其中所述的分子筛为Hβ分子筛、氢型丝光沸石、HY分子筛、USY分子筛、REY分子筛或SAPO‑5分子筛,活性组分A为Ba、K、Cs或Ce,活性组分B为Co、Cr、Ni、Fe、Cu、Al、La中至少一种;以载体计,活性组分A的负载量为0.01%~1%,活性组分B的负载量为2%~10%。本发明催化剂应用于对甲基苯酚与异丁烯或叔丁醇生产4‑甲基‑2,6‑二叔丁基苯酚,具有催化剂成本低、原料转化率高、产物选择性高、催化剂寿命长、使用工艺简单等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于催化技术领域,具体涉及一种用于对甲基苯酚与异丁烯或叔丁醇反应合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂。
背景技术
4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚(BHT)是一种重要的受阻酚类抗氧剂,广泛用于食品加工、油脂防腐、燃料油防腐以及食品、医疗用品包装材料、聚烯烃、合成橡胶、塑料等领域中。近年来BHT的需求量逐年递增,市场供不应求。各国研究学者对催化合成BHT进行了深入的研究,主要采用的催化剂有液体酸、金属氧化物、金属盐、离子交换树脂、固体超强酸和杂多酸等。
液体酸如硫酸、三氧化硫、磺基水杨酸、苯磺酸等,目前国内生产公司主要采用的是液体酸催化剂,此类催化剂具有用量少、廉价易得、原料转化高、选择性好的优点,但亦存在诸多问题,如催化剂与产品(或原料)需要进一步分离,导致生产成本高;催化剂腐蚀性强导致设备投资较大;废酸处理过程会生成大量的固体废弃物污染环境;粗品中残留的少量酸会在精馏分离过程中造成脱烃反应,导致产品质量差等,使其应用受到极大地限制。
金属盐催化剂如ZrCl4、AlCl3、FeCl3、TiCl4等,此类催化剂是最早应用于BHT合成的固体酸催化剂,虽然原料转化率较高,但较强的酸性导致副产物较多,同时存在与液体酸相似的后处理等问题导致其难以工业化应用。
Boisselet L.(J.Chem.Res.1958,856-857.)等以处理后的磺酸强酸性阳离子交换树脂作催化剂,对甲酚与异丁烯的摩尔比1:3,在釜式反应器中于60℃下搅拌反应,完全反应后得到收率为26%的BHT。树脂催化剂虽具有副产物少的优点,但存在耐热差、孔分布不均匀、寿命短、强度差等问题,应用于工业生产还需要作进一步改进。
Ganapati D.Y.(Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.1996,35:721-731)等以SO4/ZrO2为催化剂催化对甲酚与异丁烯合成BHT,催化活性和产物选择性都高于H2SO4,虽然固体超强酸具有较强的酸性和催化活性,但由于其活性稳定性差、寿命短、耐热差、强度差和不易制备等,难以适应工业化生产的要求。Biju M.Devassy(J.Mol.Cat.A:Chem.2004,210:125-130)等将磷钨酸负载于二氧化锆,制得杂多酸催化剂,应用于对甲酚与叔丁醇烷基化反应中。在反应温度130℃,醇酚摩尔比为3,空速4h-1,磷钨酸负载量为15wt%条件下,对甲酚转化率达到61.0%,2-叔丁基对甲酚选择性达到81.4%,4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚选择性为18.1%。尽管杂多酸催化剂具有较好的烷基化催化活性和选择性,并且具有腐蚀性和挥发性小的优点,但其比表面积小、价格较贵、活性稳定性差、寿命短,且不易制备,尚不能满足工业化生产的要求。
美国Gulf公司以SiO2·Al2O3作为主催化剂,氧化锆、二氧化钛、氧化镁等为助剂,在固定床连续反应器内,空速为0.5~2h-1,反应温度为122~178℃,原料转化率为8%,目标产物选择性为19%,催化活性较低,失活快,不具备工业化价值。李文凤等(天津大学,2006,硕士论文)采用金属阳离子对Hβ沸石进行改性,对甲酚转化率达到70.2%,2-叔丁基对甲酚选择性为93.6%,但BHT收率仅达到3%左右,难以实现工业化应用。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服上述合成BHT用催化剂的缺点,提供一种用于催化对甲基苯酚与异丁烯或叔丁醇反应合成BHT,对甲基苯酚转化率高、BHT选择性好的催化剂。
解决上述技术问题所采用的催化剂是以磷酸铵、磷酸氢铵、磷酸二氢铵中任意一种改性的分子筛为载体,负载活性组分A和活性组分B,其中所述的分子筛为Hβ分子筛、氢型丝光沸石、HY分子筛、USY分子筛、REY分子筛、SAPO-5分子筛中任意一种,所述的活性组分A为Ba、K、Cs、Ce中任意一种,活性组分B为Co、Cr、Ni、Fe、Cu、Al、La中任意一种或两种以上;以载体计,活性组分A的负载量为0.01%~1%,活性组分B的负载量为2%~10%。
上述的载体优选以磷酸铵或磷酸氢铵改性的分子筛,其中所述的分子筛优选Hβ分子筛、氢型丝光沸石、USY分子筛、REY分子筛中任意一种。
上述分子筛的改性方法为:将分子筛与质量浓度为0.5%~3.0%的改性剂水溶液按质量比为1:1.8~4混合,在50~90℃下反应5~8小时,得到改性分子筛,其中改性剂为磷酸铵、磷酸氢铵、磷酸二氢铵中任意一种。
上述分子筛的改性方法进一步优选:将分子筛与质量浓度为1.0%~2.0%的改性剂水溶液按质量比为1:2~3混合,在60~80℃下反应6~7小时,得到改性分子筛,其中改性剂为磷酸铵或磷酸氢铵。
上述的活性组分A优选Ba、K、Ce中任意一种,活性组分B优选Co、Ni、La中任意一种或两种以上;以载体计,优选活性组分A的负载量为0.1%~0.5%、活性组分B的负载量为3%~8%。
上述催化剂的制备方法为:采用等体积浸渍法,先将载体与活性组分A的可溶性盐水溶液浸渍5~10小时,浸渍完后干燥,再用活性组分B的可溶性盐水溶液浸渍5~10小时,浸渍完后干燥,然后在400~600℃下焙烧3~6小时,得到催化剂。
上述催化剂的制备方法进一步优选:采用等体积浸渍法,先将载体与活性组分A的可溶性盐水溶液浸渍6~8小时,浸渍完后干燥,再用活性组分B的可溶性盐水溶液浸渍6~8小时,浸渍完后干燥,然后在450~550℃下焙烧4~5小时,即得催化剂。
本发明催化剂在催化对甲基苯酚与异丁烯或叔丁醇合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚中的应用,具体使用方法为:将对甲基苯酚与异丁烯或叔丁醇按摩尔比为1:3~5,在催化剂作用下100~140℃下反应12~24小时,其中催化剂的加入量为对甲基苯酚质量的10%~70%,得到4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚。
本发明催化剂成本低、制备工艺简单、无污染、能耗低、易于产业化生产,用于催化对甲基苯酚与异丁烯或叔丁醇反应合成BHT,对甲基苯酚转化率高、BHT选择性好,且催化剂使用寿命长。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步详细说明,本发明的保护范围不仅限于这些实施例。
实施例1
将100g Hβ分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入200g质量浓度为2.0%的磷酸铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性Hβ分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Ba的负载量0.3%、Co的负载量5%(均以载体计),先将改性Hβ分子筛与硝酸钡水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硝酸钴水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在500℃下焙烧4小时,得到0.3%Ba-5%Co/Hβ分子筛催化剂。
实施例2
将100g USY分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入300g质量浓度为1.0%的磷酸氢铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性USY分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Ba的负载量0.5%、Co的负载量3%(均以载体计),先将改性USY分子筛与硝酸钡水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硝酸钴水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在500℃下焙烧4小时,得到0.5%Ba-3%Co/USY分子筛催化剂。
实施例3
将100g REY分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入400g质量浓度为0.5%的磷酸二氢铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性REY分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Ba的负载量0.1%、Co的负载量8%(均以载体计),先将改性REY分子筛与硝酸钡水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硝酸钴水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在500℃下焙烧4小时,得到0.1%Ba-8%Co/REY分子筛催化剂。
实施例4
将100g氢型丝光沸石加入到反应釜中,加入180g质量浓度为3.0%的磷酸铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性氢型丝光沸石;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Ba的负载量1%、Co的负载量2%(均以载体计),先将改性氢型丝光沸石与硝酸钡水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硝酸钴水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在500℃下焙烧4小时,得到1%Ba-2%Co/氢型丝光沸石催化剂。
实施例5
将100g USY分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入300g质量浓度为1.0%的磷酸氢铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性USY分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Ba的负载量0.5%、Co的负载量3%、Ni的负载量为2%(均以载体计),先将改性USY分子筛与硝酸钡水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硝酸钴和硝酸镍的水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在500℃下焙烧4小时,得到0.5%Ba-3%Co-2%Ni/USY分子筛催化剂。
实施例6
将100g氢型丝光沸石加入到反应釜中,加入200g质量浓度为3.0%的磷酸二氢铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性氢型丝光沸石;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Ba的负载量0.3%、Co的负载量5%、Ni的负载量为3%(均以载体计),先将改性氢型丝光沸石与硝酸钡水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硝酸钴和硝酸镍的水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在500℃下焙烧4小时,得到0.3%Ba-5%Co-3%Ni/氢型丝光沸石催化剂。
实施例7
将100g Hβ分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入200g质量浓度为2.0%的磷酸铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性Hβ分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Ba的负载量0.3%、Co的负载量3%、Cr的负载量为3%(均以载体计),先将改性Hβ分子筛与硝酸钡水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硝酸钴和硝酸铬的水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在500℃下焙烧4小时,得到0.3%Ba-3%Co-3%Cr/Hβ分子筛催化剂。
实施例8
将100g SAPO-5分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入200g质量浓度为2.0%的磷酸铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性SAPO-5分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Ba的负载量0.3%、Ni的负载量3%、Cr的负载量为3%(均以载体计),先将改性SAPO-5分子筛与硝酸钡水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硝酸镍和硝酸铬的水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在500℃下焙烧4小时,得到0.3%Ba-3%Cr-3%Ni/SAPO-5分子筛催化剂。
实施例9
将100g SAPO-5分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入300g质量浓度为1.0%的磷酸氢铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性SAPO-5分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Ba的负载量0.5%、Ni的负载量3%、Cr的负载量为3%、Cu的负载量为1%(均以载体计),先将改性SAPO-5分子筛与硝酸钡水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硝酸镍、硝酸铬及硝酸铜的水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在500℃下焙烧4小时,得到0.5%Ba-3%Cr-3%Ni-1%Cu/SAPO-5分子筛催化剂。
实施例10
将100g USY分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入300g质量浓度为1.0%的磷酸氢铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性USY分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Ba的负载量0.5%、Ni的负载量2%、Fe的负载量为2%、Al的负载量为2%(均以载体计),先将改性USY分子筛与硝酸钡水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硝酸镍、硝酸铁及硝酸铝的水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在500℃下焙烧4小时,得到0.5%Ba-2%Ni-2%Fe-2%Al/USY分子筛催化剂。
实施例11
将100g REY分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入200g质量浓度为3.0%的磷酸铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性REY分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照K的负载量0.3%、Ni的负载量2%、Cr的负载量2%(均以载体计),先将改性REY分子筛与氯化钾水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硝酸镍和硝酸铬的水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在500℃下焙烧4小时,得到0.3%K-2%Ni-2%Cr/REY分子筛催化剂。
实施例12
将100g HY分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入200g质量浓度为2.0%的磷酸氢铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性HY分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Cs的负载量1%、Fe的负载量3%、Ni的负载量3%(均以载体计),先将改性HY分子筛与硝酸铯水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硝酸镍和硝酸铁的水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在500℃下焙烧4小时,得到1%Cs-3%Fe-3%Ni/HY分子筛催化剂。
实施例13
将100g SAPO-5分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入200g质量浓度为2.0%的磷酸氢铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性SAPO-5分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Cs的负载量0.5%、Ni的负载量3%、Cu的负载量3%(均以载体计),先将改性SAPO-5分子筛与硝酸铯水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硝酸镍和硝酸铜的水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在500℃下焙烧4小时,得到0.5%Cs-3%Ni-3%Cu/SAPO-5分子筛催化剂。
实施例14
将100g Hβ分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入200g质量浓度为2.0%的磷酸铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性Hβ分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Ce的负载量0.3%、Co的负载量1%、Cr的负载量为1%、La的负载量为1%(均以载体计),先将改性Hβ分子筛与硝酸铈水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硝酸钴、硝酸铬及硝酸镧的水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在500℃下焙烧4小时,得到0.3%Ce-1%Co-1%Cr-1%La/Hβ分子筛催化剂。
实施例15
将100g HY分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入200g质量浓度为2.0%的磷酸氢铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性HY分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Cs的负载量1%、Co的负载量3%、Cu的负载量3%(均以载体计),先将改性HY分子筛与硝酸铯水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硝酸钴和硝酸铜的水溶液浸渍8小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在500℃下焙烧4小时,得到1%Cs-3%Co-3%Cu/HY分子筛催化剂。
为了证明本发明的有益效果,发明人采用实施例1~15制备的催化剂催化对甲基苯酚与异丁烯反应合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚,具体试验如下:
将108.14g(1mol)对甲基苯酚、224.44g(4mol)异丁烯、11g催化剂加入到反应釜中,120℃搅拌反应12小时,反应结果见表1。表1本发明催化剂催化反应结果
催化剂 | 对甲基苯酚转化率(%) | 4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚选择性(%) |
实施例1 | 49.3 | 21.8 |
实施例2 | 63.5 | 29.2 |
实施例3 | 65.8 | 36.8 |
实施例4 | 53.1 | 25.7 |
实施例5 | 60.2 | 33.9 |
实施例6 | 52.4 | 28.4 |
实施例7 | 46.7 | 29.3 |
实施例8 | 48.8 | 30.6 |
实施例9 | 46.2 | 32.5 |
实施例10 | 56.5 | 31.5 |
实施例11 | 57.6 | 30.6 |
实施例12 | 55.0 | 31.1 |
实施例13 | 45.1 | 34.3 |
实施例14 | 46.8 | 28.2 |
实施例15 | 44.9 | 30.7 |
Claims (8)
1.一种用于合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂,其特征在于:所述的催化剂是以磷酸铵、磷酸氢铵、磷酸二氢铵中任意一种改性的分子筛为载体,负载活性组分A和活性组分B,其中所述的分子筛为Hβ分子筛、氢型丝光沸石、HY分子筛、USY分子筛、REY分子筛、SAPO-5分子筛中任意一种,所述的活性组分A为Ba、K、Cs中任意一种,活性组分B为Co、Cr、Ni、Fe、Cu中任意一种或两种以上;以载体计,活性组分A的负载量为0.01%~1%,活性组分B的负载量为2%~10%;
上述分子筛的改性方法为:将分子筛与质量浓度为0.5%~3.0%的改性剂水溶液按质量比为1:1.8~4混合,在50~90℃下反应5~8小时,得到改性分子筛,其中改性剂为磷酸铵、磷酸氢铵、磷酸二氢铵中任意一种;
上述催化剂的制备方法为:采用等体积浸渍法,先将载体与活性组分A的可溶性盐水溶液浸渍5~10小时,浸渍完后干燥,再用活性组分B的可溶性盐水溶液浸渍5~10小时,浸渍完后干燥,然后在400~600℃下焙烧3~6小时,得到催化剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂,其特征在于:所述的催化剂是以磷酸铵或磷酸氢铵改性的分子筛为载体。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂,其特征在于:所述的分子筛为Hβ分子筛、氢型丝光沸石、USY分子筛、REY分子筛中任意一种。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的用于合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂,其特征在于所述分子筛的改性方法为:将分子筛与质量浓度为1.0%~2.0%的改性剂水溶液按质量比为1:2~3混合,在60~80℃下反应6~7小时,得到改性分子筛,其中改性剂为磷酸铵或磷酸氢铵。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂,其特征在于:所述的活性组分A为Ba、K中任意一种,活性组分B为Co、Ni中任意一种或两种;以载体计,活性组分A的负载量为0.1%~0.5%,活性组分B的负载量为3%~8%。
6.根据权利要求1或5所述的用于合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂,其特征在于所述催化剂的制备方法为:采用等体积浸渍法,先将载体与活性组分A的可溶性盐水溶液浸渍6~8小时,浸渍完后干燥,再用活性组分B的可溶性盐水溶液浸渍6~8小时,浸渍完后干燥,然后在450~550℃下焙烧4~5小时,即得催化剂。
7.权利要求1所述的催化剂在催化对甲基苯酚与异丁烯或叔丁醇合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚中的应用。
8.根据权利要求7所述的催化剂在催化对甲基苯酚与异丁烯或叔丁醇合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚中的应用,其特征在于:将对甲基苯酚与异丁烯或叔丁醇按摩尔比为1:3~5,在催化剂作用下100~140℃下反应12~24小时,其中催化剂的加入量为对甲基苯酚质量的10%~70%,得到4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚。
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