CN107737605B - 一种选择性合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂及其应用 - Google Patents
一种选择性合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107737605B CN107737605B CN201710919653.3A CN201710919653A CN107737605B CN 107737605 B CN107737605 B CN 107737605B CN 201710919653 A CN201710919653 A CN 201710919653A CN 107737605 B CN107737605 B CN 107737605B
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical class [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- CGFYHILWFSGVJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid;trioxotungsten Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O.O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1.O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1.O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1.O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 CGFYHILWFSGVJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxotungsten Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- DHRLEVQXOMLTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxomolybdenum Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O DHRLEVQXOMLTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tungstate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 ammonium hydrogen phosphate modified molecular sieve Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
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- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
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- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910020350 Na2WO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXHLLJAMBQLULT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[6-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl]amino]-n-(2-methyl-6-sulfanylphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide;hydrate Chemical compound O.C=1C(N2CCN(CCO)CC2)=NC(C)=NC=1NC(S1)=NC=C1C(=O)NC1=C(C)C=CC=C1S WXHLLJAMBQLULT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OHIVBCOJFRBPFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(C)(C)C1=CC(=CC(=C1O)C(C)(C)C)C.C1=CC(=CC=C1O)C Chemical compound C(C)(C)(C)C1=CC(=CC(=C1O)C(C)(C)C)C.C1=CC(=CC=C1O)C OHIVBCOJFRBPFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003074 TiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007932 ZrCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007036 catalytic synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011363 dried mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
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- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/186—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J27/188—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
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- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/08—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
- B01J29/16—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J29/166—Y-type faujasite
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- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/18—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the mordenite type
- B01J29/26—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the mordenite type containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
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- B01J29/78—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
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- C07C37/11—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms
- C07C37/14—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms by addition reactions, i.e. reactions involving at least one carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种选择性合成4‑甲基‑2,6‑二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂及其应用,所述催化剂是以磷酸铵、磷酸氢铵、磷酸二氢铵中任意一种改性的分子筛为载体,负载活性组分A和活性组分B,其中所述的分子筛为Hβ分子筛、氢型丝光沸石、HY分子筛、USY分子筛、REY分子筛或SAPO‑5分子筛,活性组分A为Co、Cu、Ni或Fe,活性组分B为磷钨酸、硅钨酸、磷钼酸、硅钼酸、钨酸钠中至少一种;以载体计,活性组分A的负载量为2%~5%,活性组分B的负载量为2%~10%。本发明催化剂应用于对甲基苯酚与异丁烯或叔丁醇生产4‑甲基‑2,6‑二叔丁基苯酚,具有催化剂成本低、原料转化率高、产物选择性高、催化剂寿命长、使用工艺简单等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于催化技术领域,具体涉及一种用于对甲基苯酚与异丁烯或叔丁醇反应选择性合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂。
背景技术
4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚(BHT)是一种重要的受阻酚类抗氧剂,广泛用于食品加工、油脂防腐、燃料油防腐以及食品、医疗用品包装材料、聚烯烃、合成橡胶、塑料等领域中。近年来BHT的需求量逐年递增,市场供不应求。各国研究学者对催化合成BHT进行了深入的研究,主要采用的催化剂有液体酸、金属氧化物、金属盐、离子交换树脂、固体超强酸和杂多酸等。
液体酸如硫酸、三氧化硫、磺基水杨酸、苯磺酸等,目前国内生产公司主要采用的是液体酸催化剂,此类催化剂具有用量少、廉价易得、原料转化高、选择性好的优点,但亦存在诸多问题,如催化剂与产品(或原料)需要进一步分离,导致生产成本高;催化剂腐蚀性强导致设备投资较大;废酸处理过程会生成大量的固体废弃物污染环境;粗品中残留的少量酸会在精馏分离过程中造成脱烃反应,导致产品质量差等,使其应用受到极大地限制。
金属盐催化剂如ZrCl4、AlCl3、FeCl3、TiCl4等,此类催化剂是最早应用于BHT合成的固体酸催化剂,虽然原料转化率较高,但较强的酸性导致副产物较多,同时存在与液体酸相似的后处理等问题导致其难以工业化应用。
Boisselet L.(J.Chem.Res.1958,856-857.)等以处理后的磺酸强酸性阳离子交换树脂作催化剂,对甲酚与异丁烯的摩尔比1:3,在釜式反应器中于60℃下搅拌反应,完全反应后得到收率为26%的BHT。树脂催化剂虽具有副产物少的优点,但存在耐热差、孔分布不均匀、寿命短、强度差等问题,应用于工业生产还需要作进一步改进。
Ganapati D.Y.(Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.1996,35:721-731)等以SO4/ZrO2为催化剂催化对甲酚与异丁烯合成BHT,催化活性和产物选择性都高于H2SO4,虽然固体超强酸具有较强的酸性和催化活性,但由于其活性稳定性差、寿命短、耐热差、强度差和不易制备等,难以适应工业化生产的要求。Biju M.Devassy(J.Mol.Cat.A:Chem.2004,210:125-130)等将磷钨酸负载于二氧化锆,制得杂多酸催化剂,应用于对甲酚与叔丁醇烷基化反应中。在反应温度130℃,醇酚摩尔比为3,空速4h-1,磷钨酸负载量为15wt%条件下,对甲酚转化率达到61.0%,2-叔丁基对甲酚选择性达到81.4%,4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚选择性为18.1%。尽管杂多酸催化剂具有较好的烷基化催化活性和选择性,并且具有腐蚀性和挥发性小的优点,但其比表面积小、价格较贵、活性稳定性差、寿命短,且不易制备,尚不能满足工业化生产的要求。
美国Gulf公司以SiO2·Al2O3作为主催化剂,氧化锆、二氧化钛、氧化镁等为助剂,在固定床连续反应器内,空速为0.5~2h-1,反应温度为122~178℃,原料转化率为8%,目标产物选择性为19%,催化活性较低,失活快,不具备工业化价值。李文凤等(天津大学,2006,硕士论文)采用金属阳离子对Hβ沸石进行改性,对甲酚转化率达到70.2%,2-叔丁基对甲酚选择性为93.6%,但BHT收率仅达到3%左右,难以实现工业化应用。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服上述合成BHT用催化剂的缺点,提供一种用于催化对甲基苯酚与异丁烯或叔丁醇反应合成BHT,对甲基苯酚转化率高、BHT选择性好的催化剂。
解决上述技术问题所采用的催化剂是以磷酸铵、磷酸氢铵、磷酸二氢铵中任意一种改性的分子筛为载体,负载活性组分A和活性组分B,其中所述的分子筛为Hβ分子筛、氢型丝光沸石、HY分子筛、USY分子筛、REY分子筛、SAPO-5分子筛中任意一种,所述的活性组分A为Co、Cu、Ni、Fe中任意一种,活性组分B为磷钨酸、硅钨酸、磷钼酸、硅钼酸、钨酸钠中任意一种或两种以上;以载体计,活性组分A的负载量为2%~5%,活性组分B的负载量为2%~10%。
上述的载体优选以磷酸铵或磷酸氢铵改性的分子筛,其中所述的分子筛优选Hβ分子筛、氢型丝光沸石、USY分子筛中任意一种。
上述分子筛的改性方法为:将分子筛与质量浓度为0.5%~3.0%的改性剂水溶液按质量比为1:1.8~4混合,在50~90℃下反应5~8小时,得到改性分子筛,其中改性剂为磷酸铵、磷酸氢铵、磷酸二氢铵中任意一种。
上述分子筛的改性方法进一步优选:将分子筛与质量浓度为1.0%~2.0%的改性剂水溶液按质量比为1:2~3混合,在60~80℃下反应6~7小时,得到改性分子筛,其中改性剂为磷酸铵或磷酸氢铵。
上述的活性组分A优选Co、Ni、Fe中任意一种,活性组分B优选磷钨酸或硅钨酸;以载体计,优选活性组分A的负载量为3%~4%、活性组分B的负载量为3%~8%。
上述催化剂的制备方法为:采用等体积浸渍法,先将载体与活性组分A的可溶性盐水溶液浸渍3~8小时,浸渍完后干燥,再用活性组分B的水溶液浸渍2~6小时,浸渍完后干燥,然后在300~450℃下焙烧2~8小时,得到催化剂。
上述催化剂的制备方法进一步优选:采用等体积浸渍法,先将载体与活性组分A的可溶性盐水溶液浸渍4~6小时,浸渍完后干燥,再用活性组分B的水溶液浸渍3~5小时,浸渍完后干燥,然后在350~400℃下焙烧3~6小时,即得催化剂。
本发明催化剂在催化对甲基苯酚与异丁烯或叔丁醇合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚中的应用,具体使用方法为:将对甲基苯酚与异丁烯或叔丁醇按摩尔比为1:3~5,在催化剂作用下100~140℃下反应12~24小时,其中催化剂的加入量为对甲基苯酚质量的10%~70%,得到4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚。
本发明催化剂成本低、制备工艺简单、无污染、能耗低、易于产业化生产,用于催化对甲基苯酚与异丁烯或叔丁醇反应合成BHT,对甲基苯酚转化率高、BHT选择性好,且催化剂使用寿命长。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步详细说明,本发明的保护范围不仅限于这些实施例。
实施例1
将100g Hβ分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入200g质量浓度为2.0%的磷酸铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性Hβ分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Co的负载量3%、磷钨酸的负载量5%(均以载体计),先将改性Hβ分子筛与硝酸钴水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用磷钨酸水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在400℃下焙烧5小时,得到3%Co-5%H3PO40W12/Hβ分子筛催化剂。
实施例2
将100g USY分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入300g质量浓度为1.0%的磷酸氢铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性USY分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Co的负载量4%、硅钨酸的负载量3%(均以载体计),先将改性USY分子筛与硝酸钴水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硅钨酸水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在400℃下焙烧5小时,得到4%Co-3%H6SiO39W12/USY分子筛催化剂。
实施例3
将100g REY分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入400g质量浓度为0.5%的磷酸二氢铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性REY分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Co的负载量2%、磷钨酸的负载量2%、磷钼酸的负载量为2%(均以载体计),先将改性REY分子筛与硝酸钴水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用磷钨酸和磷钼酸的水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在400℃下焙烧5小时,得到2%Co-2%H3PO40W12-2%H3[P(Mo3O10)]4/REY分子筛催化剂。
实施例4
将100g氢型丝光沸石加入到反应釜中,加入180g质量浓度为3.0%的磷酸铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性氢型丝光沸石;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Co的负载量5%、硅钨酸的负载量1%、钨酸钠的负载量为3%(均以载体计),先将改性氢型丝光沸石与硝酸钴水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硅钨酸和钨酸钠的水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在400℃下焙烧5小时,得到5%Co-1%H6SiO39W12-3%Na2WO4/氢型丝光沸石催化剂。
实施例5
将100g USY分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入300g质量浓度为1.0%的磷酸氢铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性USY分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Ni的负载量3%、硅钨酸的负载量3%、硅钼酸的负载量为2%(均以载体计),先将改性USY分子筛与硝酸镍水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硅钨酸和硅钼酸的水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在400℃下焙烧5小时,得到3%Ni-3%H6SiO39W12-2%H5[Si(Mo2O7)6]/USY分子筛催化剂。
实施例6
将100g氢型丝光沸石加入到反应釜中,加入200g质量浓度为3.0%的磷酸二氢铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性氢型丝光沸石;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Ni的负载量3%、磷钼酸的负载量5%(均以载体计),先将改性氢型丝光沸石与硝酸镍水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用磷钼酸的水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在400℃下焙烧5小时,得到3%Ni-5%H3[P(Mo3O10)]4/氢型丝光沸石催化剂。
实施例7
将100g Hβ分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入200g质量浓度为2.0%的磷酸铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性Hβ分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Cu的负载量5%、磷钨酸的负载量3%、硅钨酸的负载量为3%(均以载体计),先将改性Hβ分子筛与硝酸铜水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用磷钨酸和硅钨酸的水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在400℃下焙烧5小时,得到5%Cu-3%H3PO40W12-3%H6SiO39W12/Hβ分子筛催化剂。
实施例8
将100g SAPO-5分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入200g质量浓度为2.0%的磷酸铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性SAPO-5分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Fe的负载量3%、磷钨酸的负载量1%、钨酸钠的负载量为1%(均以载体计),先将改性SAPO-5分子筛与硝酸铁水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用磷钨酸和钨酸钠的水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在400℃下焙烧5小时,得到3%Fe-1%H3PO40W12-1%Na2WO4/SAPO-5分子筛催化剂。
实施例9
将100g SAPO-5分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入300g质量浓度为1.0%的磷酸氢铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性SAPO-5分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Fe的负载量4%、硅钨酸的负载量4%(均以载体计),先将改性SAPO-5分子筛与硝酸铁水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用硅钨酸的水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在400℃下焙烧5小时,得到4%Fe-4%H6SiO39W12/SAPO-5分子筛催化剂。
实施例10
将100g USY分子筛加入到反应釜中,加入300g质量浓度为1.0%的磷酸氢铵水溶液,在70℃下搅拌6小时,降至常温、过滤、洗涤、60℃干燥,得到改性USY分子筛;采用等体积浸渍法,按照Fe的负载量2%、磷钼酸的负载量2%、硅钼酸的负载量为2%(均以载体计),先将改性USY分子筛与硝酸铁水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,再用磷钼酸和硅钼酸的水溶液浸渍5小时,浸渍完成后80℃干燥10小时,然后在400℃下焙烧5小时,得到2%Fe-2%H3[P(Mo3O10)]4-2%H5[Si(Mo2O7)6]/USY分子筛催化剂。
为了证明本发明的有益效果,发明人采用实施例1~10制备的催化剂催化对甲基苯酚与异丁烯反应合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚,具体试验如下:
将108.14g(1mol)对甲基苯酚、224.44g(4mol)异丁烯、11g催化剂加入到反应釜中,120℃搅拌反应12小时,反应结果见表1。
表1 本发明催化剂催化反应结果
催化剂 | 对甲基苯酚转化率 | 4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚选择性 |
实施例1 | 58.8% | 51.5% |
实施例2 | 57.9% | 49.3% |
实施例3 | 57.9% | 51.2% |
实施例4 | 53.1% | 46.7% |
实施例5 | 59.1% | 50.9% |
实施例6 | 56.2% | 49.1% |
实施例7 | 54.8% | 48.6% |
实施例8 | 53.2% | 47.2% |
实施例9 | 55.4% | 48.3% |
实施例10 | 59.6% | 47.4% |
Claims (10)
1.一种选择性合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂,其特征在于:所述的催化剂是以磷酸铵、磷酸氢铵、磷酸二氢铵中任意一种改性的分子筛为载体,负载活性组分A和活性组分B,其中所述的分子筛为Hβ分子筛、氢型丝光沸石、HY分子筛、USY分子筛、REY分子筛、SAPO-5分子筛中任意一种,所述的活性组分A为Co、Cu、Ni、Fe中任意一种,活性组分B为磷钨酸、硅钨酸、磷钼酸、硅钼酸、钨酸钠中任意一种或两种以上;以载体计,活性组分A的负载量为2%~5%,活性组分B的负载量为2%~10%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的选择性合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂,其特征在于:所述的催化剂是以磷酸铵或磷酸氢铵改性的分子筛为载体。
3.根据权利要求2所述的选择性合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂,其特征在于:所述的分子筛为Hβ分子筛、氢型丝光沸石、USY分子筛中任意一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的选择性合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂,其特征在于所述分子筛的改性方法为:将分子筛与质量浓度为0.5%~3.0%的改性剂水溶液按质量比为1:1.8~4混合,在50~90℃下反应5~8小时,得到改性分子筛,其中改性剂为磷酸铵、磷酸氢铵、磷酸二氢铵中任意一种。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的选择性合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂,其特征在于所述分子筛的改性方法为:将分子筛与质量浓度为1.0%~2.0%的改性剂水溶液按质量比为1:2~3混合,在60~80℃下反应6~7小时,得到改性分子筛,其中改性剂为磷酸铵或磷酸氢铵。
6.根据权利要求1所述的选择性合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂,其特征在于:所述的活性组分A为Co、Ni、Fe中任意一种,活性组分B为磷钨酸或硅钨酸;以载体计,活性组分A的负载量为3%~4%,活性组分B的负载量为3%~8%。
7.根据权利要求1或6所述的选择性合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂,其特征在于所述催化剂的制备方法为:采用等体积浸渍法,先将载体与活性组分A的可溶性盐水溶液浸渍3~8小时,浸渍完后干燥,再用活性组分B的水溶液浸渍2~6小时,浸渍完后干燥,然后在300~450℃下焙烧2~8小时,得到催化剂。
8.根据权利要求1或6所述的选择性合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚的催化剂,其特征在于所述催化剂的制备方法为:采用等体积浸渍法,先将载体与活性组分A的可溶性盐水溶液浸渍4~6小时,浸渍完后干燥,再用活性组分B的水溶液浸渍3~5小时,浸渍完后干燥,然后在350~400℃下焙烧3~6小时,即得催化剂。
9.权利要求1所述的催化剂在催化对甲基苯酚与异丁烯或叔丁醇合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚中的应用。
10.根据权利要求9所述的催化剂在催化对甲基苯酚与异丁烯或叔丁醇合成4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚中的应用,其特征在于:将对甲基苯酚与异丁烯或叔丁醇按摩尔比为1:3~5,在催化剂作用下100~140℃下反应12~24小时,其中催化剂的加入量为对甲基苯酚质量的10%~70%,得到4-甲基-2,6-二叔丁基苯酚。
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