CN107692195A - 一套适用于脑中风病人鼻饲的间餐营养餐包及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一套适用于脑中风病人鼻饲的间餐营养餐包及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107692195A CN107692195A CN201710606679.2A CN201710606679A CN107692195A CN 107692195 A CN107692195 A CN 107692195A CN 201710606679 A CN201710606679 A CN 201710606679A CN 107692195 A CN107692195 A CN 107692195A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一套适用于脑中风病人鼻饲的间餐营养餐包及其制备方法。早午间餐含有松仁蛋白肽粉、玉米浆冻干粉、莲藕粉、青豆冻干粉、柚子冻干粉、橙子冻干粉、橘子冻干粉、柠檬冻干粉、杏仁粉、微胶囊化火麻油、黑木耳多糖、茶多酚、植物甾醇。午晚间餐含有多种维生素矿物质乳粉、米粉、山药冻干粉、紫甘蓝冻干粉、蓝莓汁冻干粉、树莓汁冻干粉、桑葚冻干粉、蔓越莓冻干粉、榛果粉、微胶囊化山茶油、枸杞多糖、纳豆粉、红曲粉，本发明营养餐包每餐营养多元化，并添加对心脑血管疾病有改善作用的功能因子，风味口感优良、适合鼻饲病人特点，方便快捷，易于冲调，为病人及时消除饥饿、补充营养的同时，促进脑中风病人健康的恢复。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一套适用于脑中风病人鼻饲的间餐营养餐包配方设计及其制备方法。
背景技术
脑中风是一组以脑部缺血及出血性损伤症状为主要临床表现的疾病，又称脑卒中或脑血管意外，具有极高的病死率和致残率，国内报道其发生率为30%-50%，国外报道为51%-73%。患者常见的并发症之一就是吞咽功能障碍，因此需要以鼻饲的方式获取饮食。
目前，多数患者家属是将普通饭菜用料理机打碎，再通过鼻饲的方法喂给患者，并不能完全满足鼻饲特膳精细、无渣、营养齐全、比例合适等要求。且鼻饲病人需要少食多餐，三餐尚可与家属同食，但间餐的补给却存在不便。如果有一款一冲即可的特膳餐包，无疑会节省患者家属很多宝贵时间，且有利于患者及时补充营养。市场也偶见一些可用于鼻饲的匀浆膳，但仅以补充营养、满足能量需求为主，少见功能特膳，尤其缺少针对脑中风病人的鼻饲营养组合物配方，而每年患病人群高居不下，此特膳餐包市场缺口很大。
本发明以基础营养物质为主，多元化配餐，科学加工，并特别添加针对脑中风改善的功能因子，给予全身营养支持，并促进恢复和防止复发。
发明内容
本发明的目在于提供一套适用于脑中风病人鼻饲的间餐营养餐包，解决现有该类产品配料单一、功能针对性不强的问题。为解决上述问题，本发明的技术方案为：
一套适用于脑中风病人鼻饲的间餐营养餐包,分早午间餐及午晚间餐2份配方，含有以下原料：早午间餐：松仁蛋白肽粉、玉米浆冻干粉、莲藕粉、青豆冻干粉、柚子冻干粉、橙子冻干粉、橘子冻干粉、柠檬冻干粉、杏仁粉、微胶囊化火麻油、黑木耳多糖、茶多酚、植物甾醇。午晚间餐：多种维生素矿物质乳粉、米粉、山药冻干粉、紫甘蓝冻干粉、蓝莓汁冻干粉、树莓汁冻干粉、桑葚冻干粉、蔓越莓冻干粉、榛果粉、微胶囊化山茶油、枸杞多糖、纳豆粉、红曲粉。
其特征在于,所含原料重量份优选为：早午间餐：松仁蛋白肽粉10～30份，玉米浆冻干粉10～30份，莲藕粉10～30份，青豆冻干粉10～30份、柚子冻干粉2～10份，橙子冻干粉2～10份，橘子冻干粉2～10份，柠檬冻干粉2～10份，杏仁粉2～10份，微胶囊化火麻油5～15份，黑木耳多糖1～10份、茶多酚0.1～0.5份，植物甾醇0.1～0.5份。午晚间餐：多种维生素矿物质乳粉10～30份，米粉10～30份，山药冻干粉10～30份，紫甘蓝冻干粉10～30份，蓝莓汁冻干粉2～10份，树莓汁冻干粉2～10份，桑葚冻干粉2～10份，蔓越莓冻干粉2～10份，榛果粉2～10份，微胶囊化山茶油5～15份，枸杞多糖1～10份，纳豆粉0.1～0.5份，红曲粉0.1～0.5份。
本发明的组合物为粉剂。上述各种配料混合均匀,可保持其粉状,或经过造粒,制成粉状或颗粒状食品。
一套适用于脑中风病人鼻饲的间餐营养餐包,其特征在于，所述制备方法步骤如下：
（1）按照配方称取上述物料。
（2）冻干果粉的制备：水果类洗净、匀浆、用绢布过滤，留取果汁；果渣按料液比1：3加水继续匀浆，用绢布过滤，弃掉果渣，合并两次果汁，采用真空低温浓缩技术将果汁浓缩至原体积的1/5，倾倒于不锈钢平托盘，低于-20℃冷冻，进行真空冷冻干燥，过40-200目筛，备用。
（3）冻干蔬菜粉的制备：所有蔬菜分别洗净、块茎类蔬菜去皮、切块煮熟，加入少量调料水匀浆成泥，真空冻干，过40-200目筛，备用。
（4）混合：按照重量比接近的组分先混合,从重量比较小的部分逐级放大混合,于三维混合机中混合均匀。
（5）包装：用粉状自动包装机分装混好的物料,每袋一餐，一袋20～200g。
7、每袋餐包加入200～400毫升温热水冲调成均匀流体状，即可用于鼻饲或直接服用。
本发明提供的适用于脑中风病人的鼻饲营养组合物的特膳配方具有以下优点：
1、松仁蛋白肽
松仁蛋白肽提取自红松种子，以蛋白酶水解制得，组成松仁氨基酸较为齐全,并且人体必需氨基酸普遍较一般植物蛋白高。松仁中的谷氨酸含量最高,达16.3%,在临床上谷氨酸可降低血氨,用于治疗脑血管障碍等引起的记忆、语言障碍等,并能养心安神。松仁蛋白经酶水解功效增强且更易吸收。
2、黑木耳多糖
黑木耳多糖是从木耳中提取的多糖成分，具有降血脂、降低胆固醇、抗血栓形成、降血糖、提高免疫力、保护组织受损的功效。
3、枸杞多糖
枸杞多糖是枸杞果肉的最有效成份之一，是枸杞的精华所在，易吸收。枸杞可以增强免疫和免疫调节功能，具有降血脂，抗脂肪肝作用、抗衰老等作用。
4、柚子冻干粉+橙子冻干粉+橘子冻干粉+柠檬冻干粉
柚子、橙子、橘子、柠檬为一组可以降低血压，预防中风的水果。
柚子含有生物活性物质皮甙以及类胰岛素，柚子肉中的维生素C非常丰富，有降血脂，降低血液黏稠度，减少血栓形成，预防脑血管疾病(如脑血栓、中风)等功效。橘子可减少胆固醇吸收，降血脂，抗动脉粥样硬化。橙子中维生素C的含量高，能软化血管，降血脂。此外，橙子中的果胶能帮助身体尽快排泄废物、脂类及胆固醇。橙汁中含有的类黄酮和柠檬素，可以升高高密度脂蛋白，并运送低密度脂蛋白(LDL)到体外。橙子中富含的维生素C、P，能增强机体抵抗力，增加毛细血管的弹性，降低血中胆固醇。高脂血症、高血压、动脉粥样硬化者常食橙子有益。柠檬能增强人体血管弹性和韧性，可预防高血压和缓解心肌梗死症状。
5、蓝莓汁冻干粉+树莓汁冻干粉+桑葚冻干粉+蔓越莓冻干粉
蓝莓能有效降低胆固醇，防止动脉粥样硬化，促进心血管健康；有增强心脏功能、预防癌症和心脏病的功效，能防止脑神经衰老、增强脑力。树莓水提物可缩短小鼠出血时间，延长纤维蛋白溶解时间，从而抑制体内血栓形成，还可以增加离体大鼠心脏冠脉流量，对抗垂体后叶素诱发大鼠缺血性心电图改变，增加小鼠常压和低压下的缺氧耐力。桑葚中含有亚油酸、硬脂酸及油酸，具有分解脂肪，降低血脂，防止血管硬化等作用；桑葚中还含有大量的水分、碳水化合物、多种维生素、胡萝卜素及人体必需的微量元素等，能有效地扩充人体的血容量，且补而不腻，适宜于高血压患者食疗。蔓越莓可以有效抵抗细菌性胃溃疡，可对鼻饲病人经常插管对粘膜造成的伤害起到修复作用，并且具有很强的抗氧化作用，可降低低密度胆固醇及三酸甘油酯。对长期卧床易造成泌尿道感染及膀胱炎也有一定的帮助作用。
蓝莓、树莓、桑葚、蔓越莓为一组富含花青素的浆果，花青素具有强抗氧化及清除自由基能力。能够延缓衰老、防止细胞的退行性改变，预防大脑病变、动脉硬化等病症具有一定的效果，同时还可以强化毛细血管、改善血液循环、减弱血小板的黏滞性、防止血凝块产生、增强心脑功能。
6、火麻油+山茶油
火麻油是由火麻仁通过压榨方式制作而成的植物油。火麻仁含有丰富的蛋白质、不饱和脂肪酸，还有卵磷脂、亚麻酸、维生素及钙、铁矿物等人体必需的微量元素。食之对高血压和高胆固醇等疾病有特殊的疗效，而且火麻是唯一能够溶于水的油料，便于人体肠胃吸收消化。火麻油含有的不饱和脂肪酸含量是目前发现的植物油中最高的，达到93%以上，而且它的亚油酸和亚麻酸含量比例为2.4:1，是最接近联合国食用油健康标准的植物油，曾被联合国粮油调查署推荐说是全世界最具有开发价值的植物油。
山茶是中国的特产，从它的果实中可以提取优质的山茶油。山茶油含有生理活性成分角鲨烯，有很好的富氧能力，可抗缺氧和抗疲劳，提高人体免疫力，增进胃肠道的功能。在植物性油脂中，山茶油中所含能够减少血液中的胆固醇的特效油酸含量最高。
7、茶多酚
茶多酚为茶叶中多酚类物质的总称，包括黄烷醇类、花色苷类、黄酮类、黄酮醇类和酚酸类等。研究表明，茶多酚具有能有效的抑制血浆及肝脏中胆固醇含量的上升，促进脂类及胆汁酸排出体外，从而有效的防止血栓的形成。茶多酚还能防治脑中风、调节脂肪代谢、防治心血管疾病、降血脂、预防肝脏及冠状动脉粥样硬化、抗菌消炎、解毒和抗辐射等重要作用。
8、植物甾醇
植物甾醇是从玉米、大豆中经过物理提纯而得，具有营养价值高、生理活性强等特点。植物甾醇不光具有良好的抗氧化性，还可通过降低胆固醇降低心血管疾病发生的风险。
9、纳豆粉
纳豆是大豆经过纳豆芽孢杆菌发酵后制成的，纳豆含有 19 种氨基酸和维生素 K2、叶酸、 生育酚等多种维生素, 22 种矿物元素, 并富含不饱和脂肪酸等多种易被人体吸收的营养成分。纳豆还富含具有医疗保健作用的纳豆激酶、大豆磷脂、 皂苷类、 低聚糖、 粗多糖、异黄酮、 吡啶二羧酸和超氧化歧化酶(SOD)、 蛋白酶、 糖化酶、 纤维素酶、 果胶酶、淀粉酶等微生物发酵产生的活性酶, 并能诱发干扰素的产生。纳豆激酶(Nattokinase)是一种溶纤维蛋白酶( Plasmin)，可以起到较强的溶栓作用。
10、红曲粉
红曲经近代医学研究报告发现，其主要作用成分是洛伐他丁，可以降低总胆固醇（TC），降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C），降低甘油三酯（TG），同时提高高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C），起到降血压、降血脂的作用。
11、本发明特点是上述原料能够满足脑中风患者对六大营养物质的基本需求，并补充各种功能因子及多不饱和脂肪酸，相互搭配具有协同增效的作用，可促进溶栓、降血脂，改善脑中风患者症状、提高免疫力、促进恢复健康。
12、具有营养物组成品种多样、颜色美观、风味优良、容易消化吸收、易于通过鼻饲方式饲喂患者等特点。
13、本品可用于危重昏迷、具有吞咽困难、口腔疾病等不能自行或不能由口进食的患者，以达到治愈疾病、维持生命的目的，并有助于保持胃肠黏膜细胞结构功能的完整。
14、在营养组合物制备过程中，采用真空低温浓缩技术和真空冷冻干燥技术，使原材料中营养物质得到充分保留。
15、本发明的营养餐包适用于鼻饲病人的同时，也适用于直接口服代餐，用于脑中风等心脑血管疾病的防治。
16、工艺简单易行、适合规模化工业生产，需求量大，应用前景广阔。
具体实施方式
以下实施例仅是对技术方案的具体描述,并非是对技术方案的限制。凡是对本发明技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围，均应涵盖在本发明的保护范围中。
实施例1：
1、配方组成（以100份重量计）：低蛋白型
早午间餐：松仁蛋白肽粉10份，玉米浆冻干粉20份，莲藕粉15份，青豆冻干粉10份、柚子冻干粉6份，橙子冻干粉6份，橘子冻干粉6份，柠檬冻干粉2份，杏仁粉10份，微胶囊化火麻油9份，黑木耳多糖5份，茶多酚0.5份，植物甾醇0.5份。午晚间餐：多种维生素矿物质乳粉10份，米粉20份，山药冻干粉15份，紫甘蓝冻干粉10份，蓝莓汁冻干粉5份，树莓汁冻干粉5份，桑葚冻干粉5份，蔓越莓冻干粉5份，榛果粉10份，微胶囊化山茶油9份，枸杞多糖5份，纳豆粉0.5份，红曲粉0.5份。
2、制备方法：
（1）按照配方称取上述物料。
（2）冻干果粉的制备：水果类洗净、匀浆、用绢布过滤，留取果汁；果渣按料液比1：3加水继续匀浆，用绢布过滤，弃掉果渣，合并两次果汁，采用真空低温浓缩技术将果汁浓缩至原体积的1/5，倾倒于不锈钢平托盘，低于-20℃冷冻，进行真空冷冻干燥，过40-200目筛，备用。
（3）冻干蔬菜粉的制备：所有蔬菜分别洗净、块茎类蔬菜去皮、切块煮熟，加入少量调料水匀浆成泥，真空冻干，过40-200目筛，备用。
（4）混合：按照重量比接近的组分先混合,从重量比较小的部分逐级放大混合,于三维混合机中混合均匀。
（5）包装：用粉状自动包装机分装混好的物料,每袋一餐，一袋20～200g。
（6）每袋餐包加入200～400毫升温热水冲调成均匀流体状，即可用于鼻饲或直接服用。
实施例2：
1、配方组成：高蛋白型
早午间餐：松仁蛋白肽粉30份，玉米浆冻干粉10份，莲藕粉10份，青豆冻干粉10份、柚子冻干粉8份，橙子冻干粉8份，橘子冻干粉8份，柠檬冻干粉2份，杏仁粉2份，微胶囊化火麻油9份，黑木耳多糖2份、茶多酚0.5份，植物甾醇0.5份。午晚间餐：多种维生素矿物质乳粉30份，米粉10份，山药冻干粉10份，紫甘蓝冻干粉8份，蓝莓汁冻干粉7份，树莓汁冻干粉7份，桑葚冻干粉7份，蔓越莓冻干粉7份，榛果粉2份，微胶囊化山茶油9份，枸杞多糖2份，纳豆粉0.5份，红曲粉0.5份。
2、制备方法：
（1）按照配方称取上述物料。
（2）冻干果粉的制备：水果类洗净、匀浆、用绢布过滤，留取果汁；果渣按料液比1：3加水继续匀浆，用绢布过滤，弃掉果渣，合并两次果汁，采用真空低温浓缩技术将果汁浓缩至原体积的1/5，倾倒于不锈钢平托盘，低于-20℃冷冻，进行真空冷冻干燥，过40-200目筛，备用。
（3）冻干蔬菜粉的制备：所有蔬菜分别洗净、块茎类蔬菜去皮、切块煮熟，加入少量调料水匀浆成泥，真空冻干，过40-200目筛，备用。
（4）混合：按照重量比接近的组分先混合,从重量比较小的部分逐级放大混合,于三维混合机中混合均匀。
（5）包装：用粉状自动包装机分装混好的物料,每袋一餐，一袋20～200g。
（6）每袋餐包加入200～400毫升温热水冲调成均匀流体状，即可用于鼻饲或直接服用。
Claims (7)
1.一套适用于脑中风病人鼻饲的间餐营养餐包,其特征在于，所述的营养组合物每日共有2份独立配方,其制备原料组分中包含有植物或动物蛋白质、碳水化合物、富含多不饱和脂肪酸的植物油脂（微胶囊化）、坚果、水果、蔬菜冻干粉及多种功能因子。
2.如权利要求1中所述的营养餐包，其特征在于，以每餐100份计，所述复合配方应以以下原料加工而成：早午间餐：松仁蛋白肽粉10～30份，玉米浆冻干粉10～30份，莲藕粉10～30份，青豆冻干粉10～30份、柚子冻干粉2～10份，橙子冻干粉2～10份，橘子冻干粉2～10份，柠檬冻干粉2～10份，杏仁粉2～10份，微胶囊化火麻油5～15份，黑木耳多糖1～10份、茶多酚0.1～0.5份，植物甾醇0.1～0.5份。午晚间餐：多种维生素矿物质乳粉10～30份，米粉10～30份，山药冻干粉10～30份，紫甘蓝冻干粉10～30份，蓝莓汁冻干粉2～10份，树莓汁冻干粉2～10份，桑葚冻干粉2～10份，蔓越莓冻干粉2～10份，榛果粉2～10份，微胶囊化山茶油5～15份，枸杞多糖1～10份，纳豆粉0.1～0.5份，红曲粉0.1～0.5份。
3.如权利要求2中所述的营养餐包，其特征在于，松仁蛋白肽粉由胃蛋白酶及胰蛋白酶水解得到。
4.如权利要求2中所述的营养餐包，其特征在于，功能因子包含：茶多酚、植物甾醇、纳豆粉、红曲粉为市售保健品。松仁蛋白肽、黑木耳多糖、枸杞多糖为哈尔滨工业大学极端环境营养与防护研究所制备。
5.如权利要求2中所述的营养餐包，其特征在于，多种维生素矿物质乳粉为市售乳粉，按科学配比加入酪蛋白磷酸钙、碳酸镁、葡萄糖酸锌、焦磷酸铁、铬酵母、维生素A、B1、B2、B6、B12、C、D、E、β-胡萝卜素、叶酸、烟酰胺等。
6.一套适用于脑中风病人鼻饲的间餐营养餐包,其特征在于，所述制备方法步骤如下：
（1）按照配方称取上述物料。
（2）冻干果粉的制备：水果类洗净、匀浆、用绢布过滤，留取果汁；果渣按料液比1：3加水继续匀浆，用绢布过滤，弃掉果渣，合并两次果汁，采用真空低温浓缩技术将果汁浓缩至原体积的1/5，倾倒于不锈钢平托盘，低于-20℃冷冻，进行真空冷冻干燥，过40-200目筛，备用。
（3）冻干蔬菜粉的制备：所有蔬菜分别洗净、块茎类蔬菜去皮、切块煮熟，加入少量调料水匀浆成泥，真空冻干，过40-200目筛，备用。
（4）混合：按照重量比接近的组分先混合,从重量比较小的部分逐级放大混合,于三维混合机中混合均匀。
（5）包装：用粉状自动包装机分装混好的物料,每袋一餐，一袋20～200g。
7.每袋餐包加入200～400毫升温热水冲调成均匀流体状，即可用于鼻饲或直接服用。
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| CN108567046A (zh) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-25 | 大连工业大学 | 一种抗疲劳功能的牡蛎玉米多肽冲剂及其制备方法 |
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| JP2020000088A (ja) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-09 | 小林製薬株式会社 | ナットウキナーゼを含む食品 |
| JP7207877B2 (ja) | 2018-06-27 | 2023-01-18 | 小林製薬株式会社 | ナットウキナーゼを含む食品 |
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