CN107635639A - 制作方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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Abstract
利用本发明,提供了用于包含活性炭的电极的制作方法。所述制作方法包括以下步骤:混合按重量计5‑90%的活性炭颗粒和按重量计5‑90%的热塑性塑料粉末;将按重量计3‑10%的水加入所述混合物;加热含水混合物至135‑145℃;在所述温度下搅拌加热的混合物持续预定时间段;将热混合物倒入模具并在500‑2000巴的压力下将其压制从而产生电极;从模具除去产生的电极从而使其冷却。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及包含颗粒活性炭的用于电吸附应用的电极的制作方法。
背景技术
活性炭是经济材料,其是通过在高温下有机物质的热解所获得并具有非常高的表面积以及是导电的。主要以粉末或颗粒形式来产生活性炭。活性炭可以用作在电吸附(电吸着)过程中的电极,用于污水处理或电荷存储(即,在电容器中)。电吸附通常被定义为在带电固体的表面上的电流或电位诱导吸附。用非常低的电流(0.5-2.0mA)或电位(0.5-1.5V)来进行充电。电吸附的容量取决于用作电极的材料的电化学表面积和导电性。另一方面,只有当它们采取具有整体结构的形式的电极时,活性炭才可以用于电吸附应用。
为了将活性炭形成为整体结构,在现有技术中使用了分层结构。为了产生这样的结构,使粉状活性炭与特定的交联树脂和/或聚合物粘合剂混合并压在载体材料(携带材料,负载材料,carrying material)上。因而,在载体上形成活性炭层。因为树脂扩散进入粉状活性炭的孔,所以通过这种方法所得到的电极的表面积和机械强度较低。此外,由于粘合剂的使用,它们的成本教导。为了聚合树脂以增加机械强度,使用了化学过程,其会降低电极的电导率。此外,如果获得的电极用于流动系统,则它们会造成在系统中压力降低的问题。
在现有技术中,US6770736B1披露了活性炭过滤器的生产,其中通过混合粒状活性炭与具有5μm至300μm的颗粒尺寸的聚乙烯粉末以及在高温下烧结。然而,由于在所述应用中烧结的使用,在活性炭颗粒之间的间隙被填充。这导致在产生的过滤器中活性炭的减小的表面积。
发明内容
利用本发明,提供了用于包含活性炭的电极的制作方法。所述制作方法包括以下步骤:混合按重量计5-90%的活性炭颗粒和按重量计5-90%的热塑性塑料粉末;将按重量计3-10%的水加入所述混合物;加热含水混合物至135-145℃;在所述温度下搅拌加热的混合物持续预定时间段;将热混合物倒入模具并在500-2000巴的压力下将其压制以产生电极;从模具除去产生的电极以使其冷却。
在根据本发明的制作方法中,因为加热活性炭颗粒、热塑性塑料和水的混合物至135-145℃,所以会防止热塑性塑料流化和填充在活性炭颗粒之间的间隙。此外,由于在混合物中的水,不仅使得混合物是均匀的,而且混合物被均匀加热。以这种方式,会达到产生为整体结构的电极的活性炭的高表面积。
发明目的
本发明的一个目的是提供用于包含活性炭颗粒的电极的制作方法。
本发明的另一个目的是提供用于具有高表面积的电极的制作方法。
具体实施方式
活性炭是这样的材料,其具有高表面积以及其主要用于吸附过程并且一般为粉末/颗粒形式。在电吸附应用中,活性炭用作电极。如果活性炭用作电极,它必须具有整体结构。在整体活性炭的常规制作方法中,当结合活性炭颗粒时,会减小活性炭的表面积。活性炭的表面积的减小导致在其中活性炭用作电极的应用中效率下降。因此,利用本发明,提供了包含活性炭颗粒并具有高表面积的电极的制作方法。
根据本发明的制作方法包括以下步骤:混合按重量计5-90%(优选85%)的活性炭颗粒和按重量计5-90%(优选15%)的热塑性塑料(即,聚乙烯)粉末;将按重量计3-10%(优选5%)的水加入所述混合物;加热含水混合物至135-145℃(优选140℃);在所述温度下搅拌加热的混合物持续预定时间段;将热混合物倒入模具并在500-2000巴(优选800巴)的压力下将其压制以产生电极;从模具除去产生的电极以使其冷却。
在根据本发明的制作方法中,因为所述热塑性塑料与粉状活性炭颗粒和水混合,所以使得混合物均匀的。通过加热混合物至135-145℃,在混合物中的粉状热塑性塑料熔化并采取液体形式。因为所述温度是低于145℃,所以液体形式的热塑性塑料保持处于粘稠形式。因而,不允许热塑性塑料渗入在活性炭颗粒之间的所有间隙以致它不会降低在产生的电极中的活性炭表面积。另外,在混合物中的水确保:混合物是均匀的,并且在所述温度下的搅拌期间,它还蒸发以允许均匀加热混合物。在根据本发明的电极制作方法中,因为活性炭颗粒没有结合(粘合,bound)到载体上并且没有被烧结,所以增加了在产生的电极中的活性炭的表面积。
在本发明的说明性实施方式中,所述活性炭颗粒的尺寸在0.5-1.5mm的范围内。在另一种说明性实施方式中,所述热塑性塑料粉末的尺寸在0.1-0.5mm的范围内。所述尺寸是多种多样的,其基于待产生的电极的物理特性(即,电导率和碘指数)。在本发明的优选实施方式中,所述制作方法包括以下步骤:在混合活性炭颗粒和热塑性塑料粉末的步骤之前,使活性炭颗粒和热塑性塑料粉末成为所需尺寸。优选通过使用筛子来使活性炭颗粒和热塑性塑料粉末成为所需尺寸。在说明性实施方式中,使活性炭颗粒过筛并分为两组:0.5-1mm和1-1.5mm。类似地,使所述热塑性塑料粉末过筛并分为两组:0.1-0.315mm和0.315-0.5mm。基于待产生的电极的物理特性,待彼此混合的活性炭颗粒和热塑性塑料粉末的尺寸可以有所不同。在说明性实施方式中,可以将0.5-1mm的活性炭颗粒和0.1-0.315mm的热塑性塑料粉末、0.5-1mm的活性炭颗粒和0.315-0.5mm的热塑性塑料粉末、1-1.5mm的活性炭颗粒和0.1-0.315mm的热塑性塑料粉末、1-1.5mm的活性炭颗粒和0.315-0.5mm的热塑性塑料粉末混合在一起。以这种方式,获得的电极具有所期望的物理特性。
在根据本发明的电极制作方法中,可以基于待产生的电极的形状和尺寸来选择所述模具。在说明性实施方式中,所述模具可以是圆柱形、椭圆形或棱柱形。
在根据本发明的制作方法中,因为加热活性炭颗粒、热塑性塑料和水的混合物至135-145℃,所以会防止热塑性塑料流化和填充在活性炭颗粒之间的间隙。此外,由于在混合物中的水,不仅使得混合物是均匀的,而且均匀加热混合物。以这种方式,会达到产生为整体结构的电极的活性炭的高表面积。
Claims (8)
1.一种包含活性炭的电极的制作方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
-将按重量计5-90%的活性炭颗粒与按重量计5-90%的热塑性塑料粉末混合;
-将按重量计3-10%的水加入所述混合物;
-将含水混合物加热至135-145℃;
-在所述温度下搅拌所加热的混合物持续预定时间段;
-将热混合物倒入模具并在500-2000巴的压力下将其压制从而产生电极;
-从所述模具除去所产生的电极从而使其冷却。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制作方法,其特征在于,所述热塑性塑料是聚乙烯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制作方法,其特征在于,在将活性炭颗粒与热塑性塑料粉末混合的步骤中,活性炭颗粒是按重量计85%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制作方法,其特征在于,在将活性炭颗粒与热塑性塑料粉末混合的步骤中,热塑性塑料粉末是按重量计15%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制作方法,其特征在于,在将水加入混合物的步骤中,水是按重量计5%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制作方法,其特征在于,在加热混合物的步骤中,温度是140℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制作方法,其特征在于,在将所述热混合物倒入所述模具并将其压制的步骤中,所述压力是800巴。
8.根据权利要求1所述的制作方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:在将所述活性炭颗粒与所述热塑性塑料粉末混合的步骤之前,使所述活性炭颗粒和热塑性塑料粉末成为所需尺寸。
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TR201506031 | 2015-05-20 | ||
PCT/TR2016/000073 WO2016186596A2 (en) | 2015-05-20 | 2016-05-20 | A production method |
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CN1351822A (zh) * | 2001-11-02 | 2002-06-05 | 崔树萍 | 一种渗透过滤材料以及该材料的制备方法和用途 |
CN101970359A (zh) * | 2007-12-14 | 2011-02-09 | 荷兰联合利华有限公司 | 用于电容性消电离的电极 |
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US2797443A (en) * | 1954-09-17 | 1957-07-02 | Monsanto Chemicals | Process of making foamed resins |
JPS60200462A (ja) * | 1984-03-23 | 1985-10-09 | Kureha Chem Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池用電極基板の製造方法 |
US4619948A (en) * | 1985-01-07 | 1986-10-28 | Twin Rivers Engineering | Composite active filter material |
JP2830254B2 (ja) * | 1989-12-28 | 1998-12-02 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | 電気二重層コンデンサに使用する分極性電極の製造方法 |
JPH04167510A (ja) * | 1990-10-31 | 1992-06-15 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | 分極性電極の製造方法 |
US5578373A (en) * | 1990-11-01 | 1996-11-26 | Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. | Split polyethylene stretched material and process for producing the same |
JP3302443B2 (ja) * | 1993-05-17 | 2002-07-15 | 関西熱化学株式会社 | 平板形状の通液型電気二重層コンデンサおよびそれを用いた液体の処理方法 |
JP3267779B2 (ja) * | 1993-12-08 | 2002-03-25 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 電気化学的殺菌装置とそれを用いた殺菌方法 |
GB2337150B (en) * | 1998-05-07 | 2000-09-27 | Nat Power Plc | Carbon based electrodes |
DE19844167A1 (de) | 1998-09-25 | 2000-04-06 | Ticona Gmbh | Aktivkohlefilter |
JP2001185462A (ja) * | 1999-12-27 | 2001-07-06 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 固体活性炭電極の製造方法 |
EP2262042B1 (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2015-06-10 | Zeon Corporation | Electrode for lead acid storage battery and use thereof |
WO2010150534A1 (ja) * | 2009-06-23 | 2010-12-29 | クラレケミカル株式会社 | 通液型キャパシタ、脱イオン水の製造方法、及び脱イオン水製造装置 |
HUE029051T2 (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2017-01-30 | Unilever Nv | Impregnated electrode for capacitive de-ionization, process for electrode production and application in water treatment, and electrode application equipment |
PL3174139T3 (pl) * | 2014-07-22 | 2021-01-25 | Zeon Corporation | Sposób wytwarzania elektrody dla elementu elektrochemicznego i urządzenie elektrochemiczne |
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