CN107567743A - A kind of implantation methods of selenium-enriched tea leaf - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of selenium-enriched tea leaf Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of selenium-enriched tea leaf, is related to field of plant growing technology, the implantation methods comprise the following steps：(1) selection of land site preparation, the field planting of (2) sapling, (3) fertilizing management, (4) trimming branch, (5) trimming branch and (6) disease prevention and cure, pass through the reasonable cooperation of fertilizer and implantation methods, so that the tealeaves of plantation has high-survival rate and Seedling height quality, with reference to the preventing and treating of pest and disease damage while fertilising, make plant healthy growth, its survival rate is high, and harvesting amount is big；Further, since the rational application of fertilizer, so as to get tea plant body in produce a large amount of born organic selenoprotein elements, reach the purpose of production selenium-enriched tea leaf, productivity effect is high, suitable for large-scale planting.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to plant cultivation technology technical field, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of selenium-enriched tea leaf.
【Background technology】
Selenium is the essential trace elements of the human body.Chinese Soclety of Nutrition also by selenium be classified as 15 kinds of nutrients needed by human it
One, a large amount of clinical trial both at home and abroad are bright, and human body selenium deficiency can cause the functional disturbance of some vitals, cause many serious diseases
Occur, the country of the whole world more than 40 in selenium deficiency area, several hundred million populations in Chinese 22 provinces all in selenium deficiency or low selenium area,
The incidences of disease such as these regional population tumour, hepatopathy, angiocardiopathies are very high.Research shows, low selenium or selenium deficiency crowd pass through suitable
Amount selenium-supply is not only able to the generation of pre- preventing tumor, hepatopathy etc., and can improve body immunity, safeguards the heart, liver, lung, stomach
Deng vitals normal function, prevent the generation of senile Cardial or cerebral vascular diseases.Selenium can not synthesize in human body, so to expire
Demand of the sufficient human body to selenium, it is necessary to daily Selenium Supplement.
Contained composition is many in tealeaves, mainly there is caffeine, theophylline, theobromine, choline, xanthine, flavonoids and glucoside
Class compound, tea tannin, catechin, terpenes, phenols, alcohols, aldehydes, acids, esters, fragrant oil composition, carbon hydrate
Thing, multivitamin, protein and amino acid.Amino acid has cysteine, methionine, glutamic acid, arginine etc..Also contain in tea
There are the several mineral materials such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, fluorine, iodine, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, selenium, copper, germanium, magnesium, there is very big benefit to human body.
Therefore, multiple tonic effect can be obtained by planting a kind of selenium-enriched tea leaf, fully meet the health demand of people.
【The content of the invention】
In view of this, object of the present invention is to provide a kind of implantation methods of selenium-enriched tea leaf, fertilizer and kind are passed through
The reasonable cooperation of plant method so that the tealeaves of plantation has a high-survival rate and Seedling height quality, combines pest and disease damage while fertilising
Preventing and treating, make plant healthy growth, its survival rate is high, and harvesting amount is big；Further, since the rational application of fertilizer, so as to get tea plant
A large amount of born organic selenoprotein elements are produced in vivo, reach the purpose of production selenium-enriched tea leaf, productivity effect is high, suitable for scale
Plantation.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of implantation methods of selenium-enriched tea leaf, comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of land site preparation：Selection of land gesture is on the sunny side, soil property is fertile, moistens and excessively drained field, and plot is dug,
Soil is fully done to scattered, and 600-800 grams/acre of biological soil renovation agent is sprayed on plot；1-3 menstruation is deep before planting
Conditioning agent is added after turning over soil pH value is adjusted to 4.5-6.5；Then it is 1.2-1.5m according to line space, between the tea tree that goes together
Spacing in the rows be 0.8-1.2m, cave depth is that 30-40cm digs planting pit, and is applied in planting pit and bury selenium-rich base manure；
(2) sapling is colonized：10-12h first carries out watering wetting to planting pit before field planting, and root is speckled with into yellow mud after wetting
Sapling put planting pit center into, root is all deployed, then Nutrition Soil is inserted while carrying Miao Shugen, when filling up planting pit
Nutrition Soil is treaded afterwards；Periodically watered, the humidity for keeping soil is 55-65%；The Nutrition Soil by leaf mould, river silt,
Raising agent and peat are 3-5 according to mass ratio:1-2:0.1-0.3:0.5-1.5 is mixed to get；
(3) fertilizing management：A. top dressing：During growth of tea plant, compound selenium fertilizer is imposed every year 1-2 times, fertilization mode is to open
Ditch applies, and ditch depth 8-12cm, every mu of each dose is 50-60kg, timely blinding after fertilising；B. foliar fertilizer：In spring tealeaves
15 days before germination, foliar fertilizer is uniformly sprayed to tea leaf surface, blade back, was sprayed again once every 5-7 days；After spring tea is terminated, the summer is carried out
Season Foliar Spraying, sprayed every 5-7 days once, spray 2-3 times altogether；C. pick tea-leaves fertile：The previous moon is harvested in tealeaves, in tea tree
Each major branch on girdling go out width for 0.5-2.5cm and cut off major branch bast girdling mouth, select no rainy day gas selenium-rich
Nutrient solution smears girdling mouth, smeared once per 3-5 days, smears 5-7 times altogether；
The compound selenium fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Human and animal excreta 40-50 parts, sodium selenite 20-30 parts, donkey
Bone meal 10-15 parts, wheat bran 10-15 parts, luffa 10-15 parts, mushroom slag 5-12 parts, potassium chloride 5-12 parts, magnesium sulfate 5-12 parts, lemon
Lemon acid 1-5 parts and cellulose-decomposing bacteria 5-15 parts, its preparation method are after above-mentioned raw materials are put into is sufficiently mixed in batch mixer, to pass through
It is 30-40 DEG C in temperature, stack retting 10-15 days under conditions of humidity is 60-70%.
In the present invention, further, the implantation methods also include trimming branch the step of, it is specific as follows：In tea tree children
Term, the major branch that apical dominance is strong, branch is sparse is rejected, helps side shoot；Make each branch of trunk same level gradient again；In tea tree
To grow up operation period, a light pruning is carried out per 1-2, light pruning is advisable with leaving the spring tip then and a small amount of summer shoot after trimming, and every 1
Carry out 1-3 light pruning in year to put down, by the way that branch is cut flat, keep tree crown horizontal；In tea tree declining period, shoot growth situation is observed,
Reject disease branch, worm branch and not available old branch.
It is further, the step of implantation methods also include disease prevention and cure, specific as follows in the present invention：Determine in tea tree
After planting 2-3 months, every sprinkling diseases prevention agent in 45-55 days once, the diseases prevention agent is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Garlic
Head 20-30 parts, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 15-25 parts, pyrolkigneous liquid 8-13 parts, tuber of stemona 5-10 parts, Asian puccoon 5-10 parts, crotons 3-9 parts and deionization
Water 20-30 parts.
In the present invention, further, step (1) the selenium-rich base manure is human and animal excreta 30-50 parts by weight, selenium mineral powder 20-
30 parts by weight, tea leaf residual 10-18 parts by weight, liver powder 5-15 parts by weight, agricultural crop straw 15-20 parts by weight, potassium chloride 12-
16 parts by weight and bio-fermentation agents 1-3 parts are 35-45 DEG C in temperature, pile fermentation 3-8 days under conditions of humidity is 60-70%
Afterwards, the brown sugar of 5-15 parts by weight is then blended into, continues stack retting and is obtained after 5-10 days.
In the present invention, further, step (3) described foliar fertilizer is by biogas slurry 48-60 parts by weight, animals urine 20-25
Parts by weight, sodium selenite 10-20 parts by weight, urea 10-15 parts by weight, salicylic acid 2-6 parts by weight, garlic juice 8-12 parts by weight and
Water 30-40 parts by weight are well mixed to be obtained.
In the present invention, further, step (3) described Selenium-rich nutrient solution is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Organic Selenium
5-10 parts, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 10-15 parts, potassium sulfate 2-8 parts, Tea Saponin 3-9 parts, Radix Astragali 5-10 parts, Asiatic plantain 5-10 parts,
Rapeseed 5-10 parts, calcium chloride 3-8 parts and water 300-500 parts；The applying amount of the Selenium-rich nutrient solution is 80-120g/ strains；It is described
Organic Selenium is the selenic ester polysaccharide that purity is 20-35%.
In summary, by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, the implantation methods of selenium-enriched tea leaf of the invention first pre-process before plantation to soil, add first in soil
Add soil-repairing agent, it is possible to increase the fertilizer efficiency of soil, and with desinsection, bactericidal action, inside soil and surface can be killed
Insect, the capacity of decomposition of soil is improved, decomposites organic matter so that soil remediation efficiency high, improve the growing environment of crops,
Yield is improved, after adding soil-repairing agent, pH is adjusted to the value of optimum growth of tea plant, is then uniformly blended into selenium-rich base manure,
So that soil fertility is high, the nutritional ingredient of soil can be transmitted easily from rhizome by nutritional ingredients such as selenium elements in planting process
Absorbed to blade and by blade, into after blade interior, nutrient can be carried smoothly enter nutrient transport is carried out in bast.
2nd, the implantation methods of selenium-enriched tea leaf of the invention are applied fertilizer according to the growth characteristic of tea tree, first, annual to use
Compound selenium fertilizer carries out the top dressing of 1-2 times, then by carrying out supplement fertilising to foliage-spray foliar fertilizer, it was found that blade inhales fertilizer
Speed than root inhale fertilizer fast 1 times or so of speed, during foliage dressing, nutrient directly enters plant from blade,
The metabolism of crop is participated in, can effectively promote the progress of various physiology courses in crop body by foliage dressing, significantly
Intensity of photosynthesis is improved, the activity of enzyme is improved, promotes the synthesis, conversion and transport of organic matter, add in foliar fertilizer of the invention
Add urea, salicylic acid, the two coordinates plays emollescence to the cuticula of epidermal cell, can accelerate oozing for other nutriments
Enter, greatly improve utilization rate of fertilizer；In the previous moon of picking tea-leaves, girdling mouth is smeared using Selenium-rich nutrient solution, can be supplemented needed for tealeaves
Raised growth element, strengthen the ability of tree vigo(u)r and the conveying nutrition of each position, the scientific formulation of Selenium-rich nutrient solution is reasonable, and each raw material exists
Function in formula be combined with each other, and plays a part of synergy, can greatly improve tea tree in this stage to selenium element
Level is absorbed, so as to play more preferable selenium-rich effect.
【Embodiment】
The following examples can help those skilled in the art that the present invention is more fully understood, but cannot be with any
Mode limits the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of implantation methods of selenium-enriched tea leaf, and the implantation methods comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of land site preparation：Selection of land gesture is on the sunny side, soil property is fertile, moistens and excessively drained field, and plot is dug,
Soil is fully done to scattered, and 600 grams/acre of biological soil renovation agent is sprayed on plot；Before planting 1 menstruation plough deeply plough after
Soil pH value is adjusted to 4.5 by addition conditioning agent；Then it is 1.2m according to line space, the spacing in the rows between the tea tree that goes together is 0.8m,
Cave depth is that 30cm digs planting pit, and is applied in planting pit and bury selenium-rich base manure；Wherein, selenium-rich base manure be the parts by weight of human and animal excreta 30,
The parts by weight of selenium mineral powder 20, the parts by weight of tea leaf residual 10, the parts by weight of liver powder 5, the parts by weight of agricultural crop straw 15, the weight of potassium chloride 12
Part and 1 part of bio-fermentation agents in temperature be 35 DEG C, under conditions of humidity is 60% then pile fermentation is blended into 5 weights after 3 days
The brown sugar of part is measured, continues stack retting and is obtained after 5 days；
(2) sapling is colonized：10h first carries out watering wetting to planting pit before field planting, and root is speckled with into yellow mud after wetting
Sapling puts planting pit center into, and root is all deployed, then Nutrition Soil is inserted while carrying Miao Shugen, after planting pit is filled up
Nutrition Soil is treaded；Periodically watered, the humidity for keeping soil is 55%；The Nutrition Soil is by leaf mould, river silt, raising agent
With peat according to mass ratio be 3:1:0.1:0.5 is mixed to get；
(3) fertilizing management：A. top dressing：During growth of tea plant, compound selenium fertilizer is imposed every year 1 time, fertilization mode is trench digging
Apply, ditch depth 8cm, every mu of each dose is 50kg, timely blinding after fertilising；B. foliar fertilizer：15 before the germination of spring tealeaves
My god, foliar fertilizer is uniformly sprayed to tea leaf surface, blade back, was sprayed again once every 5 days；After spring tea is terminated, summer foliar fertilizer spray is carried out
Apply, sprayed once every 5 days, sprayed altogether 2 times；C. pick tea-leaves fertile：The previous moon, the ring on each major branch of tea tree are harvested in tealeaves
Width is cut out as 0.5cm and cuts off the girdling mouth of major branch bast, selects no rainy day gas Selenium-rich nutrient solution to smear girdling mouth, often
Smear once within 3 days, smear 5 times altogether；Wherein, compound selenium fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：40 parts of human and animal excreta, selenous acid
20 parts of sodium, 10 parts of donkey bone meal, 10 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of luffa, 5 parts of mushroom slag, 5 parts of potassium chloride, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of citric acid and
5 parts of cellulose-decomposing bacteria, its preparation method are after above-mentioned raw materials are put into is sufficiently mixed in batch mixer, by being 30 DEG C in temperature,
Stack retting 10 days under conditions of humidity is 60%；Foliar fertilizer is by the parts by weight of biogas slurry 48, the parts by weight of animals urine 20, selenous acid
The parts by weight of sodium 10, the parts by weight of urea 10, the parts by weight of salicylic acid 2, the parts by weight of garlic juice 8 and the parts by weight of water 30 are well mixed to be obtained；
Selenium-rich nutrient solution is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：5 parts of Organic Selenium, 10 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 2 parts of potassium sulfate, tea soap
300 parts of 3 parts of element, 5 parts of the Radix Astragali, 5 parts of Asiatic plantain, 5 parts of rapeseed, 3 parts of calcium chloride and water；The applying amount of the Selenium-rich nutrient solution is
80g/ strains；The Organic Selenium is the selenic ester polysaccharide that purity is 20%；
(4) branch is trimmed：In the tea tree brephic, the major branch that apical dominance is strong, branch is sparse is rejected, helps side shoot；Make tree
Do each branch same level gradient again；Grown up operation period in tea tree, carry out within every 1 year a light pruning, light pruning is to stay after trimming
Under then the spring tip and a small amount of summer shoot be advisable, carry out 1 light pruning within every 1 year and put down, by the way that branch is cut flat, keep tree crown horizontal；In tea
Declining period is set, shoot growth situation is observed, rejects disease branch, worm branch and not available old branch；
(5) disease prevention and cure：After tea tree is colonized 2 months, every sprinkling diseases prevention agent in 45 days once, wherein, diseases prevention agent by
The raw material composition of following parts by weight：20 parts of garlic, 15 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemum, 8 parts of pyrolkigneous liquid, 5 parts of the tuber of stemona, 5 parts of Asian puccoon, 3 parts of crotons
With 20 parts of deionized water.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of implantation methods of selenium-enriched tea leaf, and the implantation methods comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of land site preparation：Selection of land gesture is on the sunny side, soil property is fertile, moistens and excessively drained field, and plot is dug,
Soil is fully done to scattered, and 700 grams/acre of biological soil renovation agent is sprayed on plot；Before planting 2 menstruations plough deeply plough after
Soil pH value is adjusted to 5.5 by addition conditioning agent；Then it is 1.3m according to line space, the spacing in the rows between the tea tree that goes together is 1.0m,
Cave depth is that 35cm digs planting pit, and is applied in planting pit and bury selenium-rich base manure；Wherein, selenium-rich base manure be the parts by weight of human and animal excreta 40,
The parts by weight of selenium mineral powder 25, the parts by weight of tea leaf residual 14, the parts by weight of liver powder 10, the parts by weight of agricultural crop straw 17, the weight of potassium chloride 14
It is 40 DEG C that 2 parts of part and bio-fermentation agents, which are measured, in temperature, and under conditions of humidity is 65% then pile fermentation is blended into after 6 days
The brown sugar of 10 parts by weight, continue stack retting and obtained after 7 days；
(2) sapling is colonized：11h first carries out watering wetting to planting pit before field planting, and root is speckled with into yellow mud after wetting
Sapling puts planting pit center into, and root is all deployed, then Nutrition Soil is inserted while carrying Miao Shugen, after planting pit is filled up
Nutrition Soil is treaded；Periodically watered, the humidity for keeping soil is 60%；The Nutrition Soil is by leaf mould, river silt, raising agent
With peat according to mass ratio be 4:2:0.2:1 is mixed to get；
(3) fertilizing management：A. top dressing：During growth of tea plant, compound selenium fertilizer is imposed every year 2 times, fertilization mode is trench digging
Apply, ditch depth 10cm, every mu of each dose is 55kg, timely blinding after fertilising；B. foliar fertilizer：15 before the germination of spring tealeaves
My god, foliar fertilizer is uniformly sprayed to tea leaf surface, blade back, was sprayed again once every 6 days；After spring tea is terminated, summer foliar fertilizer spray is carried out
Apply, sprayed once every 6 days, sprayed altogether 3 times；C. pick tea-leaves fertile：The previous moon, the ring on each major branch of tea tree are harvested in tealeaves
Width is cut out as 1.5cm and cuts off the girdling mouth of major branch bast, selects no rainy day gas Selenium-rich nutrient solution to smear girdling mouth, often
Smear once within 4 days, smear 6 times altogether；Wherein, compound selenium fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：45 parts of human and animal excreta, selenous acid
25 parts of sodium, 12 parts of donkey bone meal, 12 parts of wheat bran, 12 parts of luffa, 8 parts of mushroom slag, 8 parts of potassium chloride, 8 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of citric acid and
10 parts of cellulose-decomposing bacteria, its preparation method are after above-mentioned raw materials are put into is sufficiently mixed in batch mixer, by being 35 DEG C in temperature,
Stack retting 12 days under conditions of humidity is 65%；Foliar fertilizer is by the parts by weight of biogas slurry 52, the parts by weight of animals urine 22, selenous acid
The parts by weight of sodium 15, the parts by weight of urea 12, the parts by weight of salicylic acid 4, the parts by weight of garlic juice 10 and the parts by weight of water 35 are well mixed to be obtained；
Selenium-rich nutrient solution is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：7 parts of Organic Selenium, 12 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 5 parts of potassium sulfate, tea soap
400 parts of 6 parts of element, 7 parts of the Radix Astragali, 7 parts of Asiatic plantain, 7 parts of rapeseed, 6 parts of calcium chloride and water；The applying amount of the Selenium-rich nutrient solution is
100g/ strains；The Organic Selenium is the selenic ester polysaccharide that purity is 28%；
(4) branch is trimmed：In the tea tree brephic, the major branch that apical dominance is strong, branch is sparse is rejected, helps side shoot；Make tree
Do each branch same level gradient again；Grown up operation period in tea tree, carry out a light pruning every year, light pruning is to leave after trimming
The spring tip and a small amount of summer shoot are advisable then, carry out 2 light prunings within every 1 year and put down, and by the way that branch is cut flat, keep tree crown horizontal；In tea tree
Declining period, shoot growth situation is observed, rejects disease branch, worm branch and not available old branch；
(5) disease prevention and cure：After tea tree is colonized 2 months, every sprinkling diseases prevention agent in 50 days once, wherein, diseases prevention agent by
The raw material composition of following parts by weight：25 parts of garlic, 20 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemum, 10 parts of pyrolkigneous liquid, 7 parts of the tuber of stemona, 7 parts of Asian puccoon, 6 parts of crotons
With 25 parts of deionized water.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of implantation methods of selenium-enriched tea leaf, and the implantation methods comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of land site preparation：Selection of land gesture is on the sunny side, soil property is fertile, moistens and excessively drained field, and plot is dug,
Soil is fully done to scattered, and 800 grams/acre of biological soil renovation agent is sprayed on plot；Before planting 3 menstruations plough deeply plough after
Soil pH value is adjusted to 6.5 by addition conditioning agent；Then it is 1.5m according to line space, the spacing in the rows between the tea tree that goes together is 1.2m,
Cave depth is that 40cm digs planting pit, and is applied in planting pit and bury selenium-rich base manure；Wherein, selenium-rich base manure be the parts by weight of human and animal excreta 50,
The parts by weight of selenium mineral powder 30, the parts by weight of tea leaf residual 18, the parts by weight of liver powder 15, the parts by weight of agricultural crop straw 20, the weight of potassium chloride 16
It is 45 DEG C that 3 parts of part and bio-fermentation agents, which are measured, in temperature, and under conditions of humidity is 70% then pile fermentation is blended into after 8 days
The brown sugar of 15 parts by weight, continue stack retting and obtained after 10 days；
(2) sapling is colonized：12h first carries out watering wetting to planting pit before field planting, and root is speckled with into yellow mud after wetting
Sapling puts planting pit center into, and root is all deployed, then Nutrition Soil is inserted while carrying Miao Shugen, after planting pit is filled up
Nutrition Soil is treaded；Periodically watered, the humidity for keeping soil is 65%；The Nutrition Soil is by leaf mould, river silt, raising agent
With peat according to mass ratio be 5:2:0.3:1.5 it is mixed to get；
(3) fertilizing management：A. top dressing：During growth of tea plant, compound selenium fertilizer is imposed every year 2 times, fertilization mode is trench digging
Apply, ditch depth 12cm, every mu of each dose is 60kg, timely blinding after fertilising；B. foliar fertilizer：15 before the germination of spring tealeaves
My god, foliar fertilizer is uniformly sprayed to tea leaf surface, blade back, was sprayed again once every 7 days；After spring tea is terminated, summer foliar fertilizer spray is carried out
Apply, sprayed once every 7 days, sprayed altogether 3 times；C. pick tea-leaves fertile：The previous moon, the ring on each major branch of tea tree are harvested in tealeaves
Width is cut out as 2.5cm and cuts off the girdling mouth of major branch bast, selects no rainy day gas Selenium-rich nutrient solution to smear girdling mouth, often
Smear once within 5 days, smear 7 times altogether；Wherein, compound selenium fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：50 parts of human and animal excreta, selenous acid
30 parts of sodium, 15 parts of donkey bone meal, 15 parts of wheat bran, 15 parts of luffa, 12 parts of mushroom slag, 12 parts of potassium chloride, 12 parts of magnesium sulfate, citric acid 5
Part and 15 parts of cellulose-decomposing bacteria, its preparation method be after above-mentioned raw materials are put into is sufficiently mixed in batch mixer, by being in temperature
40 DEG C, stack retting 15 days under conditions of humidity is 70%；Foliar fertilizer be by the parts by weight of biogas slurry 60, the parts by weight of animals urine 25,
The parts by weight of sodium selenite 20, the parts by weight of urea 15, the parts by weight of salicylic acid 6, the parts by weight of garlic juice 12 and the mixing of the parts by weight of water 40 are equal
It is even to obtain；Selenium-rich nutrient solution is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：10 parts of Organic Selenium, 15 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, potassium sulfate 8
500 parts of part, 9 parts of Tea Saponin, 10 parts of the Radix Astragali, 10 parts of Asiatic plantain, 10 parts of rapeseed, 8 parts of calcium chloride and water；The Selenium-rich nutrient solution
Applying amount be 120g/ strains；The Organic Selenium is the selenic ester polysaccharide that purity is 35%；
(4) branch is trimmed：In the tea tree brephic, the major branch that apical dominance is strong, branch is sparse is rejected, helps side shoot；Make tree
Do each branch same level gradient again；Grown up operation period in tea tree, carry out within every 2 years a light pruning, light pruning is to stay after trimming
Under then the spring tip and a small amount of summer shoot be advisable, carry out 3 light prunings within every 1 year and put down, by the way that branch is cut flat, keep tree crown horizontal；In tea
Declining period is set, shoot growth situation is observed, rejects disease branch, worm branch and not available old branch；
(5) disease prevention and cure：After tea tree is colonized 3 months, every sprinkling diseases prevention agent in 55 days once, wherein, diseases prevention agent by
The raw material composition of following parts by weight：30 parts of garlic, 25 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemum, 13 parts of pyrolkigneous liquid, 10 parts of the tuber of stemona, 10 parts of Asian puccoon, crotons 9
30 parts of part and deionized water.
Experimental example
Plant contrast test：
The applicant is engaged in Tea planting work for many years, and the selenium-rich level and soil, water of tealeaves are found in planting process
There are certain relation on fertilizer, the species of selenium fertilizer, the opportunity of fertilising, have finally drawn the technical method of the present invention.In order to preferably
The technique effect of the prominent present invention, now correlation test situation record in planting process is summarized as follows：
The tea tree that is not significantly different of 60 plants of growing states of selection is divided into 4 groups as subjects, every group 10 plants,
Each group carries out planting experiment in different ways, and the situation of each group is as follows：
Experimental group 1：Cultivation management is carried out using the identical mode of embodiment 1；
Experimental group 2：Cultivation management is carried out using the identical mode of embodiment 2；
Experimental group 3：Cultivation management is carried out using the identical mode of embodiment 3；
Experimental group 4：Cultivate administration method is substantially same as Example 2, and difference is sub- using selenium content identical
Selenic acid sodium solution replaces Selenium-rich nutrient solution to carry out girdling mouth smearing；
Experimental group 5：Cultivate administration method is substantially same as Example 2, and difference is that selenium-rich base manure uses identical selenium
The selenium mineral powder of content replaces；
Experimental group 6：General planting method.
After tealeaves harvest, the tea yield of each group is counted, average value is calculated, the results are shown in Table 1.
The total Se content and organic selenium content of tealeaves in 1 each experimental group of table
From the results shown in Table 1, the obtained total Se content of tealeaves and organic is planted using the Plant plane of the present invention
Se content is preferable.Illustrate that fertilising opportunity of the invention, number, position, lifting of the fertilizer used to Se content have significantly
Facilitation.
In addition, the present invention is that index is examined from whether the survival rate, plant illness rate and soil of seedling contain harmful components
The practical value of implantation methods of the present invention is tested, as a result as shown in table 2：
The Tea planting quality versus's table of table 2
It can be seen from the data in table 1：Using the implantation methods plantation of the present invention, tealeaves per mu yield is big, survival rate is high, suffers from
Sick rate is low, and plantation fertilizer is green safe, does not cause soil harmful components occur after plantation.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements, belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of implantation methods of selenium-enriched tea leaf, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) selection of land site preparation：Selection of land gesture is on the sunny side, soil property is fertile, moistens and excessively drained field, plot is dug, by soil
Earth fully does scattered, and 600-800 grams/acre of biological soil renovation agent is sprayed on plot；1-3 menstruation is ploughed deeply cultivated before planting
Soil pH value is adjusted to 4.5-6.5 by addition conditioning agent afterwards；Then it is 1.2-1.5m according to line space, the strain between the tea tree that goes together
Away from for 0.8-1.2m, cave depth is that 30-40cm digs planting pit, and is applied in planting pit and bury selenium-rich base manure；
(2) sapling is colonized：10-12h first carries out watering wetting to planting pit before field planting, and root is speckled with to the tree of yellow mud after wetting
Seedling puts planting pit center into, and root is all deployed, then inserts Nutrition Soil while carrying Miao Shugen, will after planting pit is filled up
Nutrition Soil is treaded；Periodically watered, the humidity for keeping soil is 55-65%；The Nutrition Soil is by leaf mould, river silt, loose
Agent and peat are 3-5 according to mass ratio:1-2:0.1-0.3:0.5-1.5 is mixed to get；
(3) fertilizing management：A. top dressing：During growth of tea plant, compound selenium fertilizer is imposed every year 1-2 times, fertilization mode is applied for trench digging
Enter, ditch depth 8-12cm, every mu of each dose is 50-60kg, timely blinding after fertilising；B. foliar fertilizer：Germinateed in spring tealeaves
First 15 days, foliar fertilizer is uniformly sprayed to tea leaf surface, blade back, was sprayed again once every 5-7 days；After spring tea is terminated, summer leaf is carried out
Leaven sprays, and sprayed every 5-7 days once, sprays 2-3 times altogether；C. pick tea-leaves fertile：The previous moon is harvested in tealeaves, in the every of tea tree
Girdling goes out width for 0.5-2.5cm and cuts off the girdling mouth of major branch bast on individual major branch, selects no rainy day gas selenium-rich nutritive
Liquid smears girdling mouth, smeared once per 3-5 days, smears 5-7 times altogether；
The compound selenium fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Human and animal excreta 40-50 parts, sodium selenite 20-30 parts, donkey bone meal
10-15 parts, wheat bran 10-15 parts, luffa 10-15 parts, mushroom slag 5-12 parts, potassium chloride 5-12 parts, magnesium sulfate 5-12 parts, citric acid
1-5 parts and cellulose-decomposing bacteria 5-15 parts, its preparation method are after above-mentioned raw materials are put into is sufficiently mixed in batch mixer, by temperature
Spend for 30-40 DEG C, stack retting 10-15 days under conditions of humidity is 60-70%.
2. the implantation methods of a kind of selenium-enriched tea leaf according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the implantation methods also include
The step of trimming branch, it is specific as follows：In the tea tree brephic, the major branch that apical dominance is strong, branch is sparse is rejected, helps side shoot；
Make each branch of trunk same level gradient again；Grown up operation period in tea tree, a light pruning is carried out per 1-2, light pruning is to repair
The spring tip then and a small amount of summer shoot are left after cutting to be advisable, and carries out 1-3 light pruning within every 1 year and puts down, and by the way that branch is cut flat, keeps tree crown water
It is flat；In tea tree declining period, shoot growth situation is observed, rejects disease branch, worm branch and not available old branch.
3. the implantation methods of a kind of selenium-enriched tea leaf according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the implantation methods also include
It is the step of disease prevention and cure, specific as follows：It is every sprinkling diseases prevention agent in 45-55 days once, described after tea tree field planting 2-3 months
Diseases prevention agent is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Garlic 20-30 parts, Dalmatian chrysanthemum 15-25 parts, pyrolkigneous liquid 8-13 parts, tuber of stemona 5-
10 parts, Asian puccoon 5-10 parts, crotons 3-9 parts and deionized water 20-30 parts.
A kind of 4. implantation methods of selenium-enriched tea leaf according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (1) the selenium-rich base
Fertilizer is human and animal excreta 30-50 parts by weight, selenium mineral powder 20-30 parts by weight, tea leaf residual 10-18 parts by weight, liver powder 5-15 weight
Part, agricultural crop straw 15-20 parts by weight, potassium chloride 12-16 parts by weight and bio-fermentation agents 1-3 parts are 35-45 DEG C in temperature,
Under conditions of humidity is 60-70% then pile fermentation is blended into the brown sugar of 5-15 parts by weight after 3-8 days, continues stack retting 5-10
Obtained after it.
A kind of 5. implantation methods of selenium-enriched tea leaf according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (3) described foliar fertilizer
Be by biogas slurry 48-60 parts by weight, animals urine 20-25 parts by weight, sodium selenite 10-20 parts by weight, urea 10-15 parts by weight,
Salicylic acid 2-6 parts by weight, garlic juice 8-12 parts by weight and water 30-40 parts by weight are well mixed to be obtained.
A kind of 6. implantation methods of selenium-enriched tea leaf according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step (3) the selenium-rich battalion
Nutrient solution is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Organic Selenium 5-10 parts, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 10-15 parts, potassium sulfate 2-8 parts, tea
Saponin 3-9 parts, Radix Astragali 5-10 parts, Asiatic plantain 5-10 parts, rapeseed 5-10 parts, calcium chloride 3-8 parts and water 300-500 parts；It is described
The applying amount of Selenium-rich nutrient solution is 80-120g/ strains；The Organic Selenium is the selenic ester polysaccharide that purity is 20-35%.
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| CN109041984A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-12-21 | 松桃鑫山农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of selenium-enriched tea leaf implantation methods |
| CN109105118A (en) * | 2018-07-28 | 2019-01-01 | 普定县新民茶叶生产专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-enriched tea leaf |
| CN110100641A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-09 | 潜山县下河有机茶厂 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich organic tea |
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