CN107494218B - High-bud seedling culture method for dendrobium - Google Patents

High-bud seedling culture method for dendrobium Download PDF

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CN107494218B
CN107494218B CN201710584292.1A CN201710584292A CN107494218B CN 107494218 B CN107494218 B CN 107494218B CN 201710584292 A CN201710584292 A CN 201710584292A CN 107494218 B CN107494218 B CN 107494218B
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dendrobium
buds
parts
planting
silkworm excrement
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CN107494218A (en
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龚勤
杨义应
汪大贵
毕从东
潘声霞
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Huoshan agricultural industry development center
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Huoshan Cocoon Silk Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The invention mainly relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine planting, and discloses a high-bud seedling raising method for dendrobium, which comprises the following steps: high bud cutting, high bud planting, later-stage management, hardening and planting; the method is simple and convenient to operate, the rooting rate reaches 100%, the rooting time is shortened by 7-8 days, the seedling raising efficiency is obviously improved, the additional values of silkworm excrement and mulberry twigs are improved, and the economic income is improved by 17.2%; the high buds of the dendrobium are cut in autumn, the aerial roots of the high buds grow fully, the temperature in autumn is proper, wound decay caused by high temperature is avoided, the damage of the high buds to the high buds and a stock plant is reduced, the wound is healed quickly, the high buds are immediately placed in low-temperature silk boiling liquid for soaking after being cut, the silk boiling liquid contains rich organic nutrient components, the wound healing is accelerated, the aerial roots are kept in a full state, the environment adaptability is enhanced, and the absorption and the conversion of the nutrient components are accelerated.

Description

High-bud seedling culture method for dendrobium
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine planting, in particular to a high-bud seedling raising method for dendrobium.
Background
The dendrobium is a rare Chinese medicinal material, has long medicinal history, is rich and balanced in medicinal components, can resist aging, improve immunity, promote blood circulation to remove blood stasis, improve cardiovascular and cerebrovascular functions, treat digestive system diseases, treat ophthalmic diseases, prevent and treat diabetes and resist tumors; with the increasing demand of people on dendrobium, the dendrobium is planted more and more, but the dendrobium is an epiphytic plant and is subjected to vegetative propagation during propagation, and the traditional wild dendrobium is based on rocks, gravels or trunks and is difficult to plant, so that the dendrobium matrix needs to be developed continuously so as to reduce the difficulty in planting the dendrobium and improve the yield and the quality of the dendrobium.
The silkworm excrement is dry excrement of silkworm larvae, is rich in organic nutrition, is an ideal fertilizer for first-class pigs, sheep and fish, is used for feeding 1 box of silkworm (10 g of ant, 25000 silkworms), can obtain 100-150 kg of fresh silkworm excrement in the whole age period, can obtain 45-55 kg of dry silkworm excrement, and can increase the additional value of the silkworm excrement and improve the planting effect of the dendrobium by taking the silkworm excrement as a seedling culture substrate of the dendrobium.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-bud seedling raising method for dendrobium.
A high-bud seedling raising method for dendrobium nobile comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting high buds: in the middle and last ten days of 10 months in autumn, aerial roots of high buds grow fully, the temperature in autumn is proper, wound decay caused by high temperature is avoided, the damage of high bud cutting on the high buds and a stock plant is reduced, the wound is healed quickly, the high buds which are full, vigorous and developed in root system are selected, after being cut, the high buds are immediately placed in silk boiling liquid to be soaked for 3-4 hours, the silk boiling liquid contains rich organic nutrients, the wound healing is accelerated, the vacuoles of the aerial roots are kept in a full state, the environmental adaptability is enhanced, the absorption and the conversion of the nutrients are accelerated, and the high buds are obtained;
(2) high bud planting: the method comprises the steps of placing a seedling culture substrate in a seedling culture tray, wherein the seedling culture substrate contains mulberry twigs and silkworm excrement, is rich in nutrition and organic nutritional components, can enable dendrobium to be absorbed coordinately, promotes root growth, improves the rooting survival rate of the dendrobium, planting high buds in the seedling culture tray, flatly laying the root system, covering silkworm excrement ash on the upper layer, covering 1/2 with the lowest section in thickness, being rich in nutrition, preserving water and fertilizer, loosening and ventilating, avoiding root system rot, improving the rooting rate of the dendrobium, and shortening rooting time to obtain planted high buds;
(3) and (4) post management: after planting, for 1-8 days, adjusting the temperature to be 20-21 ℃, the ambient humidity to be 77-79%, the water content of a seedling substrate to be 38-40% and the illumination to be 500-600 lx, keeping low temperature, high humidity and low illumination, reducing water and nutrient substances consumed by transpiration and respiration, supplementing nutrient consumption through weaker photosynthesis, gradually accumulating nutrient components, keeping the dendrobium in a vigorous state, promoting the growth of a root system at the lower part, adjusting the temperature to be 22-23 ℃, the ambient humidity to be 74-76%, the water content of the seedling substrate to be 36-38% and the illumination to be 1300-1400 lx after 9 days and later, increasing the temperature, reducing the humidity, enhancing the illumination, enabling the dendrobium to absorb enough water and nutrients after rooting, enhancing the temperature and illumination, promoting the rapid growth of upper stem leaves, and shortening the seedling time to obtain dendrobium seedlings;
(4) hardening seedlings and planting: and (5) hardening and planting after 2 new leaves grow out to obtain the planted dendrobium seedlings.
And (2) the silk boiling liquid in the step (1) is at the temperature of 10-14 ℃, is the boiling liquid during silk degumming, after the silk is taken out, the weight of the boiling liquid is adjusted to be 900-1000 times of that of the silk, the silk is cooled to 40-50 ℃, the pH value is adjusted to be 6.1-6.3, zinc sulfate and vitamins are added, the mixture is stirred until the mixture is completely dissolved, and the mass concentration of the zinc sulfate is 0.04-0.06%, so that the silk boiling liquid is obtained.
The weight ratio of the zinc sulfate to the vitamins is zinc sulfate to vitamins = 4-5: 1.
The seedling raising substrate in the step (2) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36-38 parts of corncobs, 27-29 parts of mulberry twigs, 22-24 parts of rice bran, 18-20 parts of dry silkworm excrement and 4-6 parts of EM (effective microorganisms) bacteria, and the preparation method of the seedling culture substrate comprises the steps of mixing the corncobs, the mulberry twigs, the rice bran and the dry silkworm excrement, crushing to the particle size of 20-40 meshes, adjusting the water content to 42-44%, sterilizing, cooling to 40-45 ℃, inoculating the EM bacteria, uniformly mixing, standing and fermenting at 28-30 ℃ for 4-5 days to obtain the seedling culture substrate.
The mulberry twigs contain 12-14% of water, are selenium-rich mulberry twigs harvested in the middle and last ten days of 10 months, and contain 6-8 mug of selenium/100 g.
The silkworm excrement ash in the step (2) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 27-29 parts of silkworm excrement, 14-16 parts of perlite and 7-9 parts of plant ash; the silkworm excrement is fresh silkworm excrement.
The invention has the advantages that: the high-bud seedling method for the dendrobium nobile, provided by the invention, is simple and convenient to operate, the rooting rate reaches 100%, the rooting time is shortened by 7-8 days, the seedling raising efficiency is obviously improved, the additional value of silkworm excrement mulberry branches is improved, and the economic income is improved by 17.2%; the high buds of the dendrobium are cut in autumn, so that aerial roots of the high buds grow fully, the temperature in autumn is proper, wound decay caused by high temperature is avoided, the damage of the high buds to the high buds and a stock plant is reduced, the wound is healed quickly, the high buds are immediately placed in low-temperature silk boiling liquid for soaking after being cut, the silk boiling liquid contains rich organic nutrient components, the wound healing is accelerated, the aerial roots are kept in a full state, the environment adaptability is enhanced, and the absorption and the conversion of the nutrient components are accelerated; the high buds are planted in a seedling culture medium of a seedling culture plate, the seedling culture medium contains mulberry twigs and silkworm excrement, is rich in nutrition and organic nutritional components, can enable the dendrobium to be absorbed coordinately, promotes the growth of root systems, improves the rooting survival rate of the dendrobium, and the silkworm excrement ash covered on the upper part consists of a plurality of components, is rich in nutrition, retains water and fertilizer, is loose and breathable, avoids the decay of the root systems, improves the rooting rate of the dendrobium, and shortens the rooting time; 1-8 days after planting, keeping low temperature, high humidity and low illumination, reducing water and nutrient substances consumed by transpiration and respiration, supplementing nutrient consumption by weak photosynthesis, gradually accumulating nutrient components, keeping the dendrobium in a vigorous state, promoting the growth of a lower root system, increasing the temperature, reducing the humidity, enhancing the illumination, absorbing enough water and nutrient after the dendrobium takes root, enhancing the temperature and the illumination, promoting the rapid growth of upper stem leaves and shortening the seedling culture time after 9 days and later.
Detailed Description
The invention is illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
A high-bud seedling raising method for dendrobium nobile comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting high buds: in the middle and last ten days of 10 months in autumn, aerial roots of high buds grow fully, the temperature in autumn is proper, wound decay caused by high temperature is avoided, the damage of the high buds to high buds and stock plants is reduced, the wounds heal quickly, the high buds which are full, vigorous and developed in root systems are selected, and after being cut, the high buds are immediately placed in silk boiling liquid for soaking for 3 hours, the silk boiling liquid contains rich organic nutrients, the wound healing is accelerated, the vacuoles of the aerial roots are kept in a full state, the environmental adaptability is enhanced, the absorption and the conversion of the nutrients are accelerated, and the high buds are obtained;
(2) high bud planting: the method comprises the steps of placing a seedling culture substrate in a seedling culture tray, wherein the seedling culture substrate contains mulberry twigs and silkworm excrement, is rich in nutrition and organic nutritional components, can enable dendrobium to be absorbed coordinately, promotes root growth, improves the rooting survival rate of the dendrobium, planting high buds in the seedling culture tray, flatly laying the root system, covering silkworm excrement ash on the upper layer, covering 1/2 with the lowest section in thickness, being rich in nutrition, preserving water and fertilizer, loosening and ventilating, avoiding root system rot, improving the rooting rate of the dendrobium, and shortening rooting time to obtain planted high buds;
(3) and (4) post management: after planting, for 1-8 days, adjusting the temperature to be 20 ℃, the environmental humidity to be 77%, the water content of a seedling culture substrate to be 38%, and the illumination to be 500lx, keeping low temperature, high humidity and low illumination, reducing water and nutrient substances consumed by transpiration and respiration, supplementing nutrient consumption through weak photosynthesis, gradually accumulating nutrient components, keeping the dendrobium in a vigorous state, and promoting the growth of a root system at the lower part, and after 9 days, adjusting the temperature to be 22 ℃, the environmental humidity to be 74%, the water content of the seedling culture substrate to be 36%, and the illumination to be 1300lx, increasing the temperature, reducing the humidity, enhancing the illumination, enabling the dendrobium to absorb enough water and nutrients after rooting, enhancing the temperature and the illumination, promoting the rapid growth of stem leaves at the upper part, and shortening the seedling culture time to obtain dendrobium seedlings;
(4) hardening seedlings and planting: and (5) hardening and planting after 2 new leaves grow out to obtain the planted dendrobium seedlings.
And (2) taking the silk out of the silk boiling liquid obtained in the step (1), adjusting the weight of the boiling liquid to be 900 times of the weight of the silk, cooling to 40-50 ℃, adjusting the pH to be 6.1-6.3, adding zinc sulfate and vitamins, stirring until the zinc sulfate is completely dissolved, and enabling the mass concentration of the zinc sulfate to be 0.04% to obtain the silk boiling liquid.
The weight ratio of the zinc sulfate to the vitamins is zinc sulfate to vitamins =4: 1.
The seedling raising substrate in the step (2) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the preparation method of the seedling culture substrate comprises the steps of mixing the corncobs, the mulberry twigs 27, the rice bran 22, the dry silkworm excrement 18 and the EM (effective microorganism) bacteria 4, crushing the mixture into particles with the particle size of 20 meshes, adjusting the water content to 42-44%, sterilizing, cooling to 40-45 ℃, inoculating the EM bacteria, mixing uniformly, and standing and fermenting at 28 ℃ for 4 days to obtain the seedling culture substrate.
The mulberry twigs contain 12-14% of water, are selenium-rich mulberry twigs harvested in the middle and last ten days of 10 months, and contain 6-8 mug of selenium/100 g.
The silkworm excrement ash in the step (2) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: silkworm excrement 27, perlite 14 and plant ash 7; the silkworm excrement is fresh silkworm excrement.
Example 2
A high-bud seedling raising method for dendrobium nobile comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting high buds: in the middle and last ten days of 10 months in autumn, aerial roots of high buds grow fully, the temperature in autumn is proper, wound decay caused by high temperature is avoided, the damage of the high buds to high buds and stock plants is reduced, the wounds heal quickly, the high buds which are full, vigorous and developed in root systems are selected, and after being cut, the high buds are immediately placed in silk boiling liquid for soaking for 3 hours, the silk boiling liquid contains rich organic nutrients, the wound healing is accelerated, the vacuoles of the aerial roots are kept in a full state, the environmental adaptability is enhanced, the absorption and the conversion of the nutrients are accelerated, and the high buds are obtained;
(2) high bud planting: the method comprises the steps of placing a seedling culture substrate in a seedling culture tray, wherein the seedling culture substrate contains mulberry twigs and silkworm excrement, is rich in nutrition and organic nutritional components, can enable dendrobium to be absorbed coordinately, promotes root growth, improves the rooting survival rate of the dendrobium, planting high buds in the seedling culture tray, flatly laying the root system, covering silkworm excrement ash on the upper layer, covering 1/2 with the lowest section in thickness, being rich in nutrition, preserving water and fertilizer, loosening and ventilating, avoiding root system rot, improving the rooting rate of the dendrobium, and shortening rooting time to obtain planted high buds;
(3) and (4) post management: after planting, for 1-8 days, adjusting the temperature to be 20 ℃, the environmental humidity to be 78%, the water content of a seedling culture substrate to be 39%, and the illumination to be 550lx, keeping low temperature, high humidity and low illumination, reducing water and nutrient substances consumed by transpiration and respiration, supplementing nutrient consumption through weak photosynthesis, gradually accumulating nutrient components, keeping the dendrobium in a vigorous state, promoting the growth of a root system at the lower part, and after 9 days, adjusting the temperature to be 22 ℃, the environmental humidity to be 75%, the water content of the seedling culture substrate to be 37%, and the illumination to be 1300lx, increasing the temperature, reducing the humidity, enhancing the illumination, absorbing enough water and nutrient after the dendrobium roots take roots, enhancing the temperature and the illumination, promoting the rapid growth of stem leaves at the upper part, and shortening the seedling culture time to obtain dendrobium seedlings;
(4) hardening seedlings and planting: and (5) hardening and planting after 2 new leaves grow out to obtain the planted dendrobium seedlings.
And (2) taking the silk out, adjusting the weight of the boiling liquid to be 950 times of the weight of the silk, cooling to 40-50 ℃, adjusting the pH to be 6.1-6.3, adding zinc sulfate and vitamins, stirring until the zinc sulfate is completely dissolved, and enabling the mass concentration of the zinc sulfate to be 0.05% to obtain the silk boiling liquid, wherein the temperature of the silk boiling liquid in the step (1) is 12 ℃.
The weight ratio of the zinc sulfate to the vitamins is zinc sulfate to vitamins =4: 1.
The seedling raising substrate in the step (2) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the preparation method of the seedling culture substrate comprises the steps of mixing the corncobs, the mulberry twigs 28, the rice bran 23, the dry silkworm excrement 19 and the EM (effective microorganism) 5, crushing the mixture into particles with the particle size of 20 meshes, adjusting the water content to 42-44%, sterilizing, cooling to 40-45 ℃, inoculating the EM, mixing uniformly, standing at 29 ℃ for fermentation for 4 days, and obtaining the seedling culture substrate.
The mulberry twigs contain 12-14% of water, are selenium-rich mulberry twigs harvested in the middle and last ten days of 10 months, and contain 6-8 mug of selenium/100 g.
The silkworm excrement ash in the step (2) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: silkworm excrement 28, perlite 15 and plant ash 8; the silkworm excrement is fresh silkworm excrement.
Example 3
A high-bud seedling raising method for dendrobium nobile comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting high buds: in the middle and last ten days of 10 months in autumn, aerial roots of high buds grow fully, the temperature in autumn is proper, wound decay caused by high temperature is avoided, the damage of the high buds to high buds and stock plants is reduced, the wounds heal quickly, the high buds which are full, vigorous and developed in root systems are selected, and after being cut, the high buds are immediately placed in silk boiling liquid for soaking for 4 hours, the silk boiling liquid contains rich organic nutrients, the wound healing is accelerated, the vacuoles of the aerial roots are kept in a full state, the environmental adaptability is enhanced, the absorption and the conversion of the nutrients are accelerated, and the high buds are obtained;
(2) high bud planting: the method comprises the steps of placing a seedling culture substrate in a seedling culture tray, wherein the seedling culture substrate contains mulberry twigs and silkworm excrement, is rich in nutrition and organic nutritional components, can enable dendrobium to be absorbed coordinately, promotes root growth, improves the rooting survival rate of the dendrobium, planting high buds in the seedling culture tray, flatly laying the root system, covering silkworm excrement ash on the upper layer, covering 1/2 with the lowest section in thickness, being rich in nutrition, preserving water and fertilizer, loosening and ventilating, avoiding root system rot, improving the rooting rate of the dendrobium, and shortening rooting time to obtain planted high buds;
(3) and (4) post management: after planting, for 1-8 days, adjusting the temperature to 21 ℃, the ambient humidity to 79%, the moisture content of the seedling substrate to 38-40%, and the illumination to 600lx, keeping low temperature, high humidity and low illumination, reducing water and nutrient substances consumed by transpiration and respiration, supplementing nutrient consumption through weak photosynthesis, gradually accumulating nutrient components, keeping the dendrobium in a vigorous state, and promoting the growth of a root system at the lower part, for 9 days and later, adjusting the temperature to 23 ℃, the ambient humidity to 76%, the moisture content of the seedling substrate to 36-38%, and the illumination to 1400lx, increasing the temperature, reducing the humidity, enhancing the illumination, enabling the dendrobium to absorb enough water and nutrient after rooting, enhancing the temperature and illumination, promoting the rapid growth of upper stem leaves, and shortening the seedling culture time to obtain dendrobium seedlings;
(4) hardening seedlings and planting: and (5) hardening and planting after 2 new leaves grow out to obtain the planted dendrobium seedlings.
And (2) taking the silk out of the silk boiling liquid obtained in the step (1), adjusting the weight of the boiling liquid to be 1000 times of the weight of the silk, cooling to 40-50 ℃, adjusting the pH to 6.1-6.3, adding zinc sulfate and vitamins, stirring until the zinc sulfate is completely dissolved, and enabling the mass concentration of the zinc sulfate to be 0.06% to obtain the silk boiling liquid.
The weight ratio of the zinc sulfate to the vitamins is zinc sulfate to vitamins =5: 1.
The seedling raising substrate in the step (2) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the preparation method of the seedling culture substrate comprises the steps of mixing the corncobs, the mulberry twigs 29, the rice bran 24, the dry silkworm excrement 20 and the EM (effective microorganism) 6, crushing the mixture into particles with the particle size of 40 meshes, adjusting the water content to 42-44%, sterilizing, cooling to 40-45 ℃, inoculating the EM, mixing uniformly, standing at 30 ℃ for fermentation for 5 days, and obtaining the seedling culture substrate.
The mulberry twigs contain 12-14% of water, are selenium-rich mulberry twigs harvested in the middle and last ten days of 10 months, and contain 6-8 mug of selenium/100 g.
The silkworm excrement ash in the step (2) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: silkworm excrement 29, perlite 16 and plant ash 9; the silkworm excrement is fresh silkworm excrement.
Comparative example 1
The method is the same as that of example 1 except that the middle and last ten days of autumn 10 in the step (1) is changed into summer.
Comparative example 2
The silkworm excrement in the step (2) is removed, and the same procedures as in example 1 are repeated.
Comparative example 3
The temperature of 20 ℃, the environmental humidity of 77%, the water content of the seedling substrate of 38% and the illumination of 500lx are always maintained in the step (2), and the rest of the method is the same as that of the example 1.
Comparative example 4
The existing traditional high-bud seedling culture method for dendrobium.
The seedling raising effects of the dendrobium seedling raising methods in the examples and the comparative examples are as follows:
in the Anhui Huoshan region, selecting a parent plant of dendrobium huoshanense which grows vigorously, cutting high buds by using the methods of the embodiment and the comparative example respectively, wherein 100 branches are taken from each group, carrying out seedling culture treatment on the high buds according to the seedling culture method of the group respectively, observing and recording the growth condition of the high buds, and counting the number of surviving high buds of each group after 30 days of seedling culture, wherein the seedling culture effects of the dendrobium huoshanense seedling culture methods of the embodiment and the comparative example are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: seedling raising effect of dendrobium seedling raising method in examples and comparative examples
Item High bud number (count) Root number (count) Time to start rooting (d)
Example 1 100 100 13
Example 2 100 96 14
Example 3 100 99 12
Comparative example 1 100 87 15
Comparative example 2 100 81 16
Comparative example 3 100 83 15
Comparative example 4 100 77 21
The results in table 1 show that the high-bud seedling raising method for dendrobium nobile in the embodiment has obviously higher rooting number and obviously earlier rooting starting time than the comparative example, and the high-bud seedling raising method for dendrobium nobile provided by the invention has a good seedling raising effect.

Claims (4)

1. A high-bud seedling raising method for dendrobium nobile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) cutting high buds: selecting plump and vigorous high buds with developed root systems in the middle and last ten days of 10 months in autumn, immediately soaking in silk boiling liquid for 3-4 hours after cutting to obtain high buds;
(2) high bud planting: placing the seedling substrate in a seedling tray, planting the high buds in the seedling tray, flatly spreading root systems, covering the upper layer with silkworm excrement ash, and covering 1/2 with the lowest section in thickness to obtain the planted high buds;
(3) and (4) post management: after planting, adjusting the temperature to be 20-21 ℃, the environmental humidity to be 77-79%, the water content of the seedling substrate to be 38-40%, the illumination to be 500-600 lx for 1-8 days, and adjusting the temperature to be 22-23 ℃, the environmental humidity to be 74-76%, the water content of the seedling substrate to be 36-38%, and the illumination to be 1300-1400 lx for 9 days later, so as to obtain dendrobium seedlings;
(4) hardening seedlings and planting: hardening and planting after 2 new leaves grow out to obtain the seedlings of the fixedly planted dendrobium;
the silk boiling liquid in the step (1) is at the temperature of 10-14 ℃, is the boiling liquid during silk degumming, is taken out, is adjusted to have the weight 900-1000 times of that of silk, is cooled to 40-50 ℃, is adjusted to have the pH value of 6.1-6.3, is added with zinc sulfate and vitamins, is stirred to be completely dissolved, and is adjusted to have the mass concentration of 0.04-0.06%, so that the silk boiling liquid is obtained;
the weight ratio of the zinc sulfate to the vitamins is zinc sulfate to vitamins = 4-5: 1.
2. The high-bud seedling raising method for dendrobium nobile according to claim 1, wherein the seedling raising substrate in the step (2) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 36-38 parts of corncobs, 27-29 parts of mulberry twigs, 22-24 parts of rice bran, 18-20 parts of dry silkworm excrement and 4-6 parts of EM (effective microorganisms) bacteria, and the preparation method of the seedling culture substrate comprises the steps of mixing the corncobs, the mulberry twigs, the rice bran and the dry silkworm excrement, crushing to the particle size of 20-40 meshes, adjusting the water content to 42-44%, sterilizing, cooling to 40-45 ℃, inoculating the EM bacteria, uniformly mixing, standing and fermenting at 28-30 ℃ for 4-5 days to obtain the seedling culture substrate.
3. The high-bud seedling raising method for dendrobium nobile according to claim 2, wherein the mulberry twig contains 12-14% of water, is selenium-rich mulberry twig harvested in the middle and last ten days of 10 months, and contains 6-8 μ g of selenium per 100 g.
4. The high-bud seedling raising method for dendrobium nobile according to claim 1, wherein the silkworm excrement ash in the step (2) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 27-29 parts of silkworm excrement, 14-16 parts of perlite and 7-9 parts of plant ash; the silkworm excrement is fresh silkworm excrement.
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