CN101720723B - Cultivation method of leeches in drought environment - Google Patents
Cultivation method of leeches in drought environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a cultivation method of leeches in a drought environment, which is suitable for scale cultivation and has lower cost and high benefit. The method comprises the steps of placing leeches on different cultivation beds for cultivation in a drought environment according to different growth phases, differentially treating management areas at various growth phases and matching with fermented rotten feed. The invention can greatly increase the cultivation density, improve the yield, save the collection cost, improve the effective utilization rate of resource, be not limited by natural environment and really realize intensified and scale leech cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of leech, particularly the drought raise method of leech.
Background technology
Leech is the general designation of Annelida on the animal classification (Annelida) Hirudinea (Hirrdinea), is commonly called as leech.Known in the world have 500 approximately surplus kind, divide 4 orders.Have 2 orders, 8 sections, 33 genus in China, have nearly 100 kinds.Wherein some kinds and the mankind of Arhynchobdellae, doctor leech section, yellow leech section and mountain leech section have more direct relation.Leech is important traditional Chinese medicine material, Chinese patent drug especially for preparation treatment cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, in recent years, along with medical science deepening continuously and develop to leech research, medical value obtains embodiment gradually, leech one of the well sold and in short supply traditional Chinese medicine that become international also has broad application prospects in modern medicine and pharmacology.But the living environment of leech is subjected to severe contamination in recent years, and people are predatory again to be caught, and causes wild resource exhausted day by day, and imbalance between supply and demand is very outstanding, and the leech market demand increases gradually both at home and abroad, and the artificial feeding leech is imperative.Leech adaptability is strong, and anti-hungry ability is strong, has extremely strong premunition, and the artificial feeding leech is not subjected to regional condition restriction, but support in the pond, support in the hole, cylinder is supported, bucket is supported etc., and it has characteristics such as not accounting for labour, feed cost are low, small investment, instant effect.At present, the cultural method of relevant leech is to carry out in rice field, pond mostly, and the pond is raised less.Breed in pond and rice field belongs to extensive raises, and realize the demand not a duck soup that the leech of scale is raised, pharmaceutical manufacturing is satisfied in breeding, and water is supported observation and the management that is unfavorable for leech.Weak point is that cultivation density is too little, efficiency of feed utilization is low, has increased aquaculture cost virtually, be unfavorable for domestication, disease prevention and cure and the prevention natural enemy of leech, thereby the hirudiniculture benefit is also lower.
Summary of the invention
This is bright at the deficiencies in the prior art part, and a kind of suitable scale, cost is lower, better results leech drought raise method are provided, and the technical scheme that this method adopts may further comprise the steps:
(1), selecting of leech seed: the basin of the leech seed of introducing being put into white, obviously injured, sluggish rejecting, select seed being put into the furazolidone solution sterilization of 0.3ppm soaked 1～2 hour, put into clear water then 10～20 minutes, manually roughly be divided into young leech of kind of a leech phase, incubation period, early stage, later stage children leech and become leech, drop into pairing culturing bed by 0.02～2.3 kilogram/square metre cultivation density afterwards by the difference in vegetative period;
(2), the foundation of culturing bed: the culturing bed bottom is built on stilts with extremely close stainless (steel) wire, overhead about 3～5cm, divide four parts to build by the leech different growing stages, kind of leech bed, hatching bed, early stage young leech bed, later stage children leech and becomes the leech bed surface to amass than being 1: 1: 2: 4, spread loose faintly acid soil then, P in soil H6～6.8, thickness 10～20cm; The management in each period is treated with a certain discrimination by following:
A, plant the management of leech bed: removed the leech excrement once every 6～7 days, the leech cocoon of gathering drops into the hatching bed hatching of preserving moisture, the kind of overturning simultaneously leech bed, and every the wild species leech of 4～15 days input high-qualitys;
The management of B, hatching bed: hatch 10～15 centimetres of basic thickness, soil conservation is broken thin and moistening, and the hatching base is pitched loosening 1～2 time with iron every day, and the early stage of gathering, the children leech was dropped into young leech bed in early stage;
C, young leech management in early stage: when waiting to hatch basic most of excrement, in time remove excrement, supplement feed adds rot fruit, the animal clot of some pulverizing in the feed, from less to more, strengthen consumption gradually; The back early stage of gathering, young leech or one-tenth leech were dropped into back young leech in early stage or one-tenth leech bed;
D, later stage children leech and becomes the leech management: every 2～4 days removing leech excrement once;
(3), artificial domestication: at first use sprayer, water is sprayed at equably on the earth of culturing bed, the soil surface moisture is 15.1%～16.7%, has water to overflow to be advisable firmly to pinch the earth webs, indoor temperature is put into seed wherein then at 18～30 ℃;
(4), feed preparation:
Processing before A, feed fermentation become thoroughly decomposed
Feed is taked the pile fermentation method, and raw materials by weight is forage 40%, excrement material 60%; About 6～9 centimetres of forage bed thickness, thick about 3～6 centimetres of the excrement bed of material; Described forage is that the weeds leaf of plant class is cut into 1～2 centimetre, and described excrement material is a fowl and animal excrement; Forage and excrement material should replace lay, alternately water water spray at the heap face behind 3～5 layers in the place mat, till the stockpile water seepage comes, repeat 3～5 layers of laies then, rewater, and about 0.8～1 meter of feed stack height, the temperature of feed heap is controlled at 15～70 ℃;
The condition of B, pile fermentation feed
Keeping adding nitrogen under the constant condition of fermentation heap acid-base value, addition is 0.3% of a fermentation heap gross weight, after the stingy fermentation maturity of feed heap is finished, replenish the moisture that is about fermentation heap gross weight 30%, treat behind the fermentation maturity feed to be piled compacting, in addition again with clear water from stockpile top spray irrigation, come up to the water outlet of feed heap underflow, the trial throw feed observes 1～2 round the clock earlier, and definite nursing back leech actively feed there is no abnormal response input in a large number again.
Wherein the described interpolation nitrogen of step (4) adopts urea.
Below concrete steps are elaborated:
Manually roughly be divided into young leech of kind of a leech phase, incubation period, early stage, later stage children leech and becomes the common fourth phase of leech in the step (1) by the difference in vegetative period, pairing culturing bed of each phase be respectively successively kind of a leech bed, hatching bed, early stage young leech bed, later stage children leech and become the leech bed, by described cultivation density seed is rendered to corresponding culturing bed again, for incubation period, early stage young leech because individual less, can in described scope, suitably improve cultivation density.
Build culturing bed by described area ratio in the step (2), the size of culturing bed determines that according to the breed scale height overhead can keep air permeability and good at 3～5 meters, convenient again cleaning.After culturing bed is built, spread the earth of faintly acid humidity, PH6～6.8, earth requires loose, and the soil surface moisture is 15.1%～16.7%, has the water overflow position suitable firmly to pinch the earth webs.
The present invention has changed the living environment of leech fully, because feed very easily diffusion in water when water is supported, and drought when supporting feed in soil, distributes and relatively limits to, do not possess flowability, so the preparation to the leech feed has had special requirement, also be the key link that realizes that the present invention's drought is supported.And a topmost link is that the feed organic matter must fully be sent out liquor-saturated to become thoroughly decomposed in step (4) feed preparation process, make it to have thin, soft, mashed, nutritious, be easy to digestion, characteristics such as good palatability.If throw in without the feed of sending out liquor-saturated to become thoroughly decomposed and culture leech, leech is food refusal not only, and unleavened feed can ferment because of the passing of time, produces high temperature (60～80 ℃) therefrom and discharges a large amount of harmful gas such as ammonia, methane etc., can cause the leech mortality.Fowl and animal excrement, as chicken manure, rabbit excrement etc., owing to contain amounts of protein and nitrogen, its situation is particularly serious, more fully throws in behind the fermentation maturity again and uses.But feed is because long term storage after the fermentation, thus can be disposable annual the even consumption in several years of preparation, reduce the duplication of labour, conveniently take at any time.
1. processing raw material before feed fermentation becomes thoroughly decomposed to forage 40%, excrement material 60%, moisture are 60%～80% (percentage of forage and excrement material gross weight), the weeds leaf of forage such as plant class, straw, wheat straw, cornstalk straw, sorghum stalk straw etc. will cut up with a hay cutter cuts, is ground into 1～2 centimetre of left and right sides length; Vegetable melon and fruit, fowl poultry offcuts etc. will be cut and cut into fritter, and it is corrupt to be beneficial to fermentation.
2. the feed fermentation method of the condition of pile fermentation feed breed leech is more, generally takes the method for stack retting more.Method is simple for this stack retting, and can carry out on a large scale.But when the feed stack retting, must possess following condition:
First, when rapid-result stack retting feed, must note that the good aeration condition is arranged, because the organic substance in the decomposition feed mainly relies on the aerophile bacterium decomposing and fermenting, the good aeration environment is arranged, the oxygen supply abundance can promote the growth and breeding of aerobic microorganism, so just can accelerate the decomposition and the corruption of feed greatly.In order to help the ventilation of feed stack retting, general normal employing excrement material accounts for 60%, and forage accounts for 40% and mixes stack retting mutually.When the stack retting feed, the ventilation situation during often with the feed stack retting accumulation density and feed in the contained humidity number relevant.Generally flow in the ambient air of piling up feed, decompose send out liquor-saturated to become thoroughly decomposed also very fast, and at feed heap core, owing to the air flow moment, and sending out among the group generation more carbon dioxide to form saturated, and oxygen is few, is unfavorable for the movable and breeding of aerobic microbiological, and the material of watching of core decomposes slowly, decomposing and fermenting not exclusively or not often, therefore best turning 1～2 time when the stack retting feed ventilates, and accelerated decomposition is sent out liquor-saturated.Winter, often because of temperature is lower, air was easy to circulation in addition during the stack retting feed, and the temperature of feed heap is difficult for rising, and fermentation not exclusively is difficult for becoming thoroughly decomposed, therefore should the feed heap is steady and sure when the stack retting feed, and sprinkling irrigation water to reduce air mass flow, is regulated fermenting speed.
The second, when the stack retting feed, the feed heap should keep moistening, and suitable moisture be arranged, because microbial activities is liked the wet environment in the river in Jiangsu Province which flows into the Huangpu River of Shanghai with breeding usually.The feed heap fermentation optimum moisture of rapid-result stack retting is the percentage 60%～80% of feed heap total amount, can hold feed when preparation, but its moisture drop flow down, or insert in the feed heap with waddy, the rod end is moistening is advisable.The activity of various microbial bacterials and breeding need large quantity of moisture during the fermentation, and excess moisture or hypohydration all can influence the speed of feed decomposing and fermenting.After the stingy fermentation maturity of feed heap is finished, to replenish the moisture of gross weight about 30% usually, cause nitrification to prevent feed heap drying.Often generate ammonia and vapor away because of feed heap is dry, but keep the skin wet can not be too much for the heap of the feed after becoming thoroughly decomposed, in order to avoid the nitrogen loss of feed heap, influence the nutritive value of feed.
The 3rd, when the pile fermentation feed, fully take into account and be the needed nutrition of the microorganism of decomposing and fermenting.Usually in mixed feed, general carbon element and phosphorus potassium etc. all have, and existing enough content, are nitrogen for what microorganism lacked most, thus in the feed heap, suitably add nitrogen, as urea and calcium cyanamide etc.General addition is 0.3% of a feed heap gross weight, and nitrogen is water-soluble.Not needing to add in addition lime when adding slaked lime neutralizes.Adding urea, need not to add other material in addition, because the acidity that urea produces is extremely faint, almost acidity is not had influence, is preferable selection.Nitrates is not suitable for adding as nitrogenous source, and is because the reduction of nitrate tends to lose many nitrogens, uneconomical economically.
The 4th, when the stack retting feed, also should be specifically noted that the temperature in the feed heap.Too high or too low for temperature all unfavorable to the decomposing and fermenting of feed heap in the feed heap preferably is controlled at about 15～70 ℃.The optimum temperature of microorganism life is between 15～37 ℃, and the optimal temperature of aerophile bacterium life is 20～28 ℃; Facultative anaerobe's life optimal temperature is about 37 ℃.Usually the thermoduric bacteria optimum temperature of living is 50～65 ℃ in the stack retting feed.Therefore just should consider size and the form that feed is piled during the stack retting feed in the winter of severe cold; If the feed heap is too thin or too little, then be difficult to insulation, be difficult to make the abundant decomposing and fermenting of feed and become thoroughly decomposed.
The 5th, when the stack retting feed, also should fully take into account the acid-base value (pH value) that feed is piled, peracid or mistake alkali are all unfavorable to the feed decomposing and fermenting, and best pH value is 6.5～7.5.Because the microorganism of decomposing organic matter is very responsive to the acid-base value reaction.The breeding of still living when cellulose decomposition bacteria, actinomycetes alkaline environment, hydrogen ion concentration are 100～1000 little rubbing/liter (pH3～4).When bacterium and actinomycetes were stiff, fungi came decomposing organic matter usually.
3. the biochemical pathway feed pile fermentation of pile fermentation is extremely complicated Biochemical processes, the staggered mating reaction of different microorganisms under suitable condition, organic matter is decomposed gradually, its process can be divided into three phases usually: preceding ripe phase, cellulose decompose the phase, lignin decomposes the phase, feed link is crossed stack retting, under various action of microorganisms, decompose, at this moment rely on sense organ can to find out whether fermentation maturity of feed through fermentation.The feed that fermentation maturity is good, its color and luster are pitchy, free from extraneous odour, and quality is soft, not viscous.The good feed of fermentation maturity but because of feed can produce many pernicious gases during the fermentation, and has in the moisture that a small amount of pernicious gas is dissolved in feed, or is free in the space between the feed; In addition,, perhaps contain other harmful substances such as some inorganic salts, agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer, therefore before feedstuff feeding, must handle because of many feed resource complexity are arranged.The feed heap compacting that ferments, can be come up to the water outlet of feed heap underflow from stockpile top spray irrigation with clear water.Certainly the most handy feed of having handled well, trial throw is put into raises on case or the bed, approximately through 1～2 round the clock after, if having a large amount of leech to free in and out gets food, perch, and do not have any abnormal response, feed fermentation maturity is described, do not have any problem, then can throw something and feed in a large number.
4. the concrete operation method raw material of feed stack retting is forage 40%, excrement material 60%.The weeds leaf of forage such as plant class, straw, wheat straw, cornstalk straw, sorghum stalk straw, vegetable melon and fruit offcuts etc. generally will cut up with a hay cutter and cut, are ground into 1～2 centimetre of left and right sides length; Wherein vegetable melon and fruit etc. will be cut and cut into fritter, and it is corrupt to be beneficial to fermentation.About 6～9 centimetres of forage bed thickness, thick about 3～6 centimetres of the excrement bed of material.Forage and excrement material should replace lay, alternately water water spray at the heap face behind 3～5 layers in the place mat, till the stockpile water seepage comes, repeat 3～5 layers of laies then, rewater.About 1 meter of feed stack height, heap heap De Taigao, be not easy the tipping heap, and because the gravity of material own reduces the space between the material, circulation of air is bad, becomes the suspicion gaseity, it is bad that the feed decomposition is sent out liquor-saturated, especially when the weather sweltering heat, temperature raises in the stockpile though excessive feed heap can make, and is unfavorable for growth and the breeding of decomposer on the contrary; On the contrary, pile lowly excessively, then heat is easy to distribute, and is unfavorable for microbial growth and breeding.Stockpile is thrown certain high temperature, can not killing pathogenic bacteria, worm's ovum and various weed seed.The shape of feed composting and size, can be different because of weather, area: dry weather season, can pile flat-top has hogback to get final product slightly; In rainy season, then can take cheese; On a large scale, the bulk deposition feed, then can adopt rectangle, be made into a leg-of-mutton breather pipe at the available batten in feed heap bottom, thick bamboo pole etc.; When dry weather, the stockpile cross section can pile trapezoidal, and in rainy season, then the stockpile cross section can be made as semicircle.
Usually the feed of composting heap in warm season is stacked into second day, and temperature can rise gradually in the heap; After 7 days, the feed of stockpile sharply decomposes, sends out liquor-saturated, sooner or later can see sometimes " the white cigarette of official " on the stockpile.After feed fermentation in the stockpile reaches a climax, just cooling gradually; When reducing to 50 ℃ of left and right sides, the temperature in the stockpile just can carry out the turning first time.Should note during the stirring heap, at first with around the stockpile and top top layer not the feed of fermentation maturity collect one, to decompose the feed of sending out liquor-saturated to become thoroughly decomposed again evenly mixes, as find to lump should smash to pieces, attenuate, and then pile up again, an amount of spray water add a little solubility nitrogens (as chemical fertilizer such as ammoniacal liquor, urea) in right amount, but it is even to want mixing to spread.On the feed heap, can use reed curtain, straw screen or mat or assorted chapter, wheat straw, straw to cover, can prevent dissipation of heat energy first, play the effect of insulation, second also can prevent the filling people of stockpile water evaporates and rainwater.As stockpile because of fermentation maturity after above when subsiding, be in time with around feed fill and lead up, in case the oozing the people of rainwater and influence the decomposition and the fermentation of stockpile.Stockpile carries out the turning second time after piling two weeks, in order that stockpile is all decomposed up hill and dale and ferment.For the second time can continue turning 3～6 times after the turning, every 5 days, 3 days and each turning in 2 days once, the just complete decomposing and fermenting of the feed of composting has become thoroughly decomposed like this.
When the composting feed fermentation is piled, to suit measures to local conditions, consider to select to fetch water easily, convenient transportation, place warm, that wind sheltering is cold build heap.Because if build the air port in, the air fast place of flowing, moisture evaporates easily, and the temperature in the stockpile is not easy to keep, and is unsuitable for the activity of bacterial micro-organism, thereby influences the decomposition and the fermentation of stockpile.Especially to pay special attention to winter in the early spring and people.Build heap season at summer high-temperature, note direct projection that stockpile avoids sunlight according to shining, because can make the forfeiture of stockpile nutrient like this, content of organics reduces.Should be chosen in local windrow cool in summer and warm in winter.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1, the present invention has broken the technology routine of this area, has adopted the method that drought is supported in soil, supports with the water of routine and compares, and has enlarged cultivation density widely.Because traditional water breeding method because dissolved oxygen in water is limited, does not satisfy the living necessities of a large amount of leech, also just can't enlarge cultivation density, the present invention has then increased cultivation density greatly, has improved output.
2, adopt manually and raise stage by stage, avoided traditional " several generation are with hall " to raise together with method owing to utilize respectively size to gather gathering, the one-tenth leech that surpasses best harvest time has little time to gather, and then wastes the defective of feed and cultivation equipment.Save the cost of gathering, improved effective utilization rate of resource.
3, added wild improved seeds mating, so just be unlikely to inbreeding, caused degenerating.Even and if the water breeding method has added wild improved seeds mating, but, cause farthest to avoid this problem because individuality too disperses.
Specific embodiment
Drought is supported the method for leech, comprises the steps:
(1), selecting of leech seed: will be from the pond, the leech seed 20kg of paddy field random acquisition is on a rough average to be divided in ten parts of basins of putting white, obviously injured, sluggish rejecting, select seed being put into the furazolidone solution sterilization of 0.3ppm soaked 1.5 hours, put into clear water then 15 minutes, obtain 19.8kg high-quality leech at last, manually the difference by vegetative period roughly is divided into kind of a leech phase, incubation period, the early stage young leech, later stage children leech with become leech, each phase weight is respectively 17kg, 0.2kg, 0.5kg, 0.9kg, 1.2kg, drop into pairing culturing bed by 0.02～2.3 kilogram/square metre cultivation density afterwards;
(2), the foundation of culturing bed: the culturing bed bottom is built on stilts with extremely close stainless (steel) wire, overhead about 5cm, divide four parts to build by the leech different growing stages, plant young leech bed of leech bed, hatching bed, early stage, later stage children leech and becomes the leech bed surface to amass than being 1: 1: 2: 4, be respectively 10m
2, 10m
2, 20m
2, 40m
2, spread loose faintly acid soil then, PH6.6, thickness 15cm; The management in each period is treated with a certain discrimination:
A, plant the management of leech bed: removed the leech excrement once every 6～7 days, the leech cocoon of gathering drops into the hatching bed hatching of preserving moisture, the kind of overturning simultaneously leech bed, and the wild species leech 3～5kg of every two weeks input high-quality;
The management of B, hatching bed: the hatching base is loose faintly acid soil, and 15 centimetres of thickness are hatched base and will be kept broken thin and moistening, and the hatching base is pitched loosening 1～2 time with iron every day, in order to ventilation and young leech survival rate;
C, young leech management in early stage: when waiting to hatch basic most of excrement, in time remove excrement, feed supplement can be added some rot fruits, animal clot in the feed in right amount, from less to more, strengthens consumption gradually;
D, later stage children leech and becomes the leech management: the growth of later stage children leech is rapid, increase except that excrement feed supplement number of times;
(3), artificial domestication: at first use sprayer, water is sprayed at equably on the earth of culturing bed, the soil surface moisture is 16.2%, has the water overflow position suitable firmly to pinch the earth webs, and indoor temperature is put into seed wherein then at 18～30 ℃;
(4), feed preparation:
Processing before A, feed fermentation become thoroughly decomposed
Feed is taked the pile fermentation method, 200 kilograms of raw material gross weights, and wherein promptly 80 kilograms of forages 40%, excrement material 60% are 120 kg.About 6～9 centimetres of forage bed thickness, thick about 3～6 centimetres of the excrement bed of material, forage is mixed plants such as leaf, straw, wheat straw, cornstalk straw, sorghum stalk straw, is cut into 1～2 centimetre, the excrement material is a fowl and animal excrement; Forage and excrement material replace lay, alternately water water spray at the heap face behind 3～5 layers in the place mat, till the stockpile water seepage comes, repeat 3～5 layers of laies then, rewater about 1 meter of feed stack height;
The condition of B, pile fermentation feed is keeping adding urea under the constant condition of fermentation heap acid-base value, addition is 0.3% of a fermentation heap gross weight, promptly 0.6 kilogram, after the stingy fermentation maturity of feed heap is finished, replenish the moisture that is about fermentation heap gross weight 30%, promptly 60 kilograms, treat behind the fermentation maturity feed to be piled compacting, in addition with clear water from stockpile top spray irrigation, next up to the water outlet of feed heap underflow, the feed of trying to shoot is earlier observed 1～2 and is determined that round the clock the positive feed of leech of nursing back there is no abnormal response and throws in a large number.After finishing, breeding gathers to the about 40.7kg of leech.
Feed can be stored into continuation use in the coming year because but long term storage after the fermentation is taken at any time so culture unnecessary feed.
Claims (2)
1. the drought raise method of a leech may further comprise the steps:
(1), selecting of leech seed: the basin of the leech seed of introducing being put into white, obviously injured, sluggish rejecting, select seed being put into the furazolidone solution sterilization of 0.3ppm soaked 1～2 hour, put into clear water then 10～20 minutes, manually roughly be divided into young leech of kind of a leech phase, incubation period, early stage, later stage children leech and become leech, drop into pairing culturing bed by 0.02～2.3 kilogram/square metre cultivation density afterwards by the difference in vegetative period;
(2), the foundation of culturing bed: the culturing bed bottom is built on stilts with extremely close stainless (steel) wire, overhead about 3～5cm, divide four parts to build by the leech different growing stages, kind of leech bed, hatching bed, early stage young leech bed, later stage children leech and becomes the leech bed surface to amass than being 1: 1: 2: 4, spread loose faintly acid soil then, P in soil H6～6.8, thickness 10～20cm; The management in each period is treated with a certain discrimination by following:
A, plant the management of leech bed: removed the leech excrement once every 6～7 days, the leech cocoon of gathering drops into the hatching bed hatching of preserving moisture, the kind of overturning simultaneously leech bed, and every the wild species leech of 4～15 days input high-qualitys;
The management of B, hatching bed: hatch 10～15 centimetres of basic thickness, soil conservation is broken thin and moistening, and the hatching base is pitched loosening 1～2 time with iron every day, and the early stage of gathering, the children leech was dropped into young leech bed in early stage;
C, young leech management in early stage: when waiting to hatch basic most of excrement, in time remove excrement, supplement feed adds rot fruit, the animal clot of some pulverizing in the feed, from less to more, strengthen consumption gradually; The back early stage of gathering, young leech or one-tenth leech were dropped into back young leech in early stage or one-tenth leech bed;
D, later stage children leech and becomes the leech management: every 2～4 days removing leech excrement once;
(3), artificial domestication: at first use sprayer, water is sprayed at equably on the earth of culturing bed, the soil surface moisture is 15.1%～16.7%, has water to overflow to be advisable firmly to pinch the earth webs, indoor temperature is put into seed wherein then at 18～30 ℃;
(4), feed preparation:
Processing before A, feed fermentation become thoroughly decomposed
Feed is taked the pile fermentation method, and raw materials by weight is forage 40%, excrement material 60%; About 6～9 centimetres of forage bed thickness, thick about 3～6 centimetres of the excrement bed of material; Described forage is that the weeds leaf of plant class is cut into 1～2 centimetre, and described excrement material is a fowl and animal excrement; Forage and excrement material should replace lay, alternately water water spray at the heap face behind 3～5 layers in the place mat, till the stockpile water seepage comes, repeat 3～5 layers of laies then, rewater, and about 0.8～1 meter of feed stack height, the temperature of feed heap is controlled at 15～70 ℃;
The condition of B, pile fermentation feed
Keeping adding nitrogen under the constant condition of fermentation heap acid-base value, addition is 0.3% of a fermentation heap gross weight, after the stingy fermentation maturity of feed heap is finished, replenish the moisture that is about fermentation heap gross weight 30%, treat behind the fermentation maturity feed to be piled compacting, in addition again with clear water from stockpile top spray irrigation, come up to the water outlet of feed heap underflow, the trial throw feed observes 1～2 round the clock earlier, and definite nursing back leech actively feed there is no abnormal response input in a large number again.
2. the drought raise method of leech as claimed in claim 1, wherein the described interpolation nitrogen of step (4) adopts urea.
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| CN102362587B (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2013-06-26 | 重庆时珍阁普生药业有限公司 | Artificial soilless leech hatching method |
| CN103636564A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-19 | 靖江市明星水蛭养殖专业合作社 | Artificial soilless leech hatching method |
| CN104222020A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-12-24 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | Leech reproduction matrix formula |
| CN105594666B (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2020-04-03 | 贵州信邦制药股份有限公司 | Breeding method for rapidly increasing antithrombin activity of leeches |
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