CN107593313A - A kind of implantation methods of high yield horseshoe - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of high yield horseshoe Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods of high yield horseshoe, belong to agricultural plantation technology field, the implantation methods comprise the following steps：Nursery, crop field prepare, transplant definite value, water management and top dressing；Wherein during top dressing, using special inorganic fertilizer and fertilizer special for organic；Special inorganic fertilizer contains：Compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, urea, borax, zinc sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ammonium magnesium phosphate, lime nitrogen, ATS (Ammonium thiosulphate) and dicyandiamide；Fertilizer special for organic contains：Barnyard manure, biogas residue, decomposed vegetable seed bran, stalk, humic acid, dregs of beans, microbial bacteria, Poria cocos, pseudo-ginseng, agaric, fruit of negundo and phoenix tree flower；The problem of present invention solves the easy bacteria infection of horseshoe in traditional horseshoe planting process, and yield is relatively low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of high yield horseshoe.
Background technology
Horseshoe, alias water chestnut, monocot genus Cyperaceae, eaten using underground bulb as fruits and vegetables for people.Horseshoe epidermis is black
It is bright, internal pure white, delicious flavour and the effect of change is eaten, because its nutritive value is known as " underground pyrus nivalis ".Horseshoe is rich in people
Several mineral materials, vitamin needed for body, amino acid, there is clearing heat and detoxicating, diuresis, decompression and other effects, be a kind of excellent medicine
Eat the fruits and vegetables group food of dual-purpose, and one of key farm products of China's export.At present, horseshoe is disappeared by vast deeply in international market
The person of expense welcomes, and its major product has water chestnut starch, peeled water chestnut can and quick-frozen horseshoe.With the raising of quality of the life, horseshoe
Market demand also increases year by year, has good plantation prospect, still, horseshoe is in planting process, due to daily management, fertilizer
The processes such as material selection are unreasonable, cause the easy bacteria infection of horseshoe, and yield is relatively low, and then influence the economic well-being of workers and staff of planting household.
The content of the invention
The goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide a kind of implantation methods of high yield horseshoe, to solve traditional horseshoe planting process
The middle easy bacteria infection of horseshoe, and the problem of yield is relatively low.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of implantation methods of high yield horseshoe, comprise the following steps：
(1) nursery：In the first tenday period of a month in May, selection block is big and the bulb of no disease and pests harm is as kind of a shepherd's purse, and described kind of shepherd's purse is urged
Sowed after bud processing to nursery；Kind shepherd's purse, which was cultivated to mid-July, obtains horseshoe seedling；
(2) crop field prepares：Mid-July, select that soil layer is deep, unctuous plot is as plantation crop field；Then, to
Every mu of the plantation crop field applies base manure 1000-1200kg；The base manure is made by the raw material of following parts by weight：Ripe chicken manure 100-
120 parts, cow dung 50-100 parts, pig manure 100-150 parts, edible fungi residue 20-30 parts, calcium superphosphate 8-12 parts, potassium sulfate it is compound
Fertile 8-12 parts, boron zinc-iron fertiliser containing magnesium 1-2 parts, urea 8-15 parts, tea bran 2-4 parts and quick lime 4-6 parts；Finally, to the plantation
Crop field pours into appropriate water, and is harrowed by harrowing tool by soil stand-by after even rake；
(3) definite value is transplanted：First, horseshoe seedling step (1) obtained, upper semisection branches and leaves are cut off, obtains horseshoe rice shoot；
The length of the horseshoe rice shoot is 35-45cm；Then, it is 0.05-0.1% the root of the horseshoe rice shoot to be put into volumetric concentration
Thiophanate methyl solution in soak 40-60 minutes；Then, it is 0.01- the root of the horseshoe rice shoot to be put into volumetric concentration
2-4 hours are soaked in 0.02% rooting powder solution；Finally, the plantation horseshoe shoot transplanting equipment chosen to step (2) is big
Field is colonized；
(4) water management：After horseshoe rice shoot field planting survives, demand is grown according to it, by pouring water or draining is adjusted
Save water level in the plantation crop field；
(5) top dressing：After the horseshoe rice shoot field planting survives, while apply special inorganic fertilizer and fertilizer special for organic；It is described special
It is made with inorganic fertilizer by the raw material of following parts by weight：Compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 60-80 parts, urea 10-15 parts, borax 1-2 parts, sulfuric acid
Zinc 1-2 parts, ferrous sulfate 2-3 parts, ammonium magnesium phosphate 2-4 parts, lime nitrogen 6-8 parts, ATS (Ammonium thiosulphate) 0.1-0.3 parts and dicyandiamide
0.1-0.3 parts；The fertilizer special for organic is made by the raw material of following parts by weight：It is barnyard manure 100-120 parts, biogas residue 60-80 parts, decomposed
Vegetable seed bran 30-40 parts, stalk 30-40 parts, humic acid 10-20 parts, dregs of beans 20-30 parts, microbial bacteria 3-5 parts, Poria cocos 4-6 parts,
Pseudo-ginseng 4-8 parts, agaric 5-7 parts, fruit of negundo 3-6 parts and phoenix tree flower 2-5 parts；The time of fertilising and every mu of applied amount are specially：
Late July, special inorganic fertilizer 15-20kg, fertilizer special for organic 300-400kg；
Mid-August, special inorganic fertilizer 30-40kg, fertilizer special for organic 200-250kg；
Mid-September, special inorganic fertilizer 30-40kg, fertilizer special for organic 200-250kg；
Early October, special inorganic fertilizer 50-60kg, fertilizer special for organic 300-400kg；
Early November, special inorganic fertilizer 60-70kg, fertilizer special for organic 200-250kg.
Preferably, in step (1), the vernalization processing comprises the following steps：First, with 50% carbendazol wettable powder
1000 times of liquid soak kind of shepherd's purse 10 hours；Then, wet straw is spread on ground, and described kind of shepherd's purse is stacked alternately on straw, is kept
Terminal bud is upward；Then, described kind of shepherd's purse is covered with straw, and watered 2-3 times daily；When terminal bud length is to 2-3cm, covering is removed
Straw, and continue watering keep moistening；Finally, when the cladode of described kind of shepherd's purse starts to grow, while sprout and have 2-4 lateral bud
When, you can sowing to the nursery.
Preferably, in step (3), the seeding row spacing of the horseshoe rice shoot field planting is 35-40cm × 40-45cm, depth 8-
10cm。
Preferably, in step (4), in the plantation crop field regulation of water level be specially：
Late July is steady seedling stage, water level 2-4cm；
Early August to late August is tillering stage, water level 4-5cm；
Early September to late September is the strong sprout phase, water level 6-8cm；
Early October to late November is to tie shepherd's purse phase, water level 7-10cm；
Early December to late December is picking time, water level 0cm.
Preferably, in step (4), during the water management, a draining dry field is carried out mid-August.
Preferably, in step (5), during the top dressing, the water in the plantation crop field is first arranged in first 2-4 days of fertilising
It is dry；After fertilising, poured water again to original water level after fertilizer sucks soil.
Preferably, in step (5), during the top dressing, foliar fertilizer also is sprayed to the horseshoe rice shoot stage by stage, specifically
For：
In late July, spray a space and spend spirit 1；
Mid-August, spray a space and spend spirit 1 and space to spend spirit 5；
In early November, spray a space and spend spirit 5.
Preferably, in step (5), the microbial bacteria in the fertilizer special for organic includes：Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria,
Bacillus, actinomyces and saccharomycete.
Due to using above-mentioned technical proposal, the invention has the advantages that：
1. the present invention in the set-up procedure of crop field, applies base manure made from the following raw material：Ripe chicken manure, cow dung, excessively pig manure, phosphorus
Sour calcium, compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, boron zinc-iron fertiliser containing magnesium, urea, tea bran and quick lime, the fertility of soil is substantially increased, promote horse
The growth of hoof rice shoot.Wherein, ripe chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure, edible fungi residue are organic fertilizer, can not only be provided for horseshoe rice shoot
Comprehensive and lasting nutrition, the soil organism can also be updated, promote microbial reproduction.Calcium superphosphate, compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, boron
Zinc-iron fertiliser containing magnesium, urea are inorganic fertilizer, and the various inorganic matters needed for growth are provided for horseshoe rice shoot；The organic fertilizer is total to inorganic fertilizer
With ratio is reasonable, beneficial to horseshoe seedling growth, promotes horseshoe volume increase；In addition, the tea bran in base manure can kill the Fu Shou in water
Spiral shell, avoid because Pomacea canaliculata spreads unchecked and caused by the underproduction；Quick lime has sterilization functions, and it is big can to eliminate plantation to a certain extent
The harmful levels of pathogens of Tanaka, avoid horseshoe rice shoot from catching an illness, further promote horseshoe volume increase.
2. the present invention during definite value is transplanted, cuts off upper semisection branches and leaves, the consumption of horseshoe rice shoot itself nutrient is reduced, and
The growth ability of horseshoe rice shoot is excited, improves the survival rate of horseshoe rice shoot.In addition, horseshoe rice shoot soaks it through rooting powder solution
Afterwards, it is easier to take root and survive, further improve the survival rate of horseshoe rice shoot.Horseshoe rice shoot soaks it by thiophanate methyl solution
Afterwards, its resistance against diseases is improved, and is reduced infection powdery mildew, the possibility of droop, is advantageous to its healthy growth.
3. the present invention during top dressing, with reference to needed for the growth in horseshoe rice shoot each stage, using special inorganic fertilizer and
The mode that fertilizer special for organic is applied altogether, the fertilizer efficiency of plantation field soil is substantially increased, promote horseshoe rice shoot fast-growth, Er Qiejin
One step improves the resistance against diseases of horseshoe rice shoot.Wherein, compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, urea, borax, sulfuric acid are contained in special inorganic fertilizer
Zinc, ferrous sulfate, ammonium magnesium phosphate, lime nitrogen, ATS (Ammonium thiosulphate) and dicyandiamide, meet various needed for the growth of horseshoe rice shoot
Element；The rate of release of ammonium magnesium phosphate and lime nitrogen is slower, effectively extends the duration of fertilizer efficiency, ensures that horseshoe rice shoot exists
The fertilizer efficiency of abundance can be obtained in growth cycle；The addition of ATS (Ammonium thiosulphate) and dicyandiamide, then the utilization rate of urea is improved, really
It is sufficient to protect nitrogen.In fertilizer special for organic containing barnyard manure, biogas residue, decomposed vegetable seed bran, stalk, humic acid, dregs of beans, microbial bacteria,
Poria cocos, pseudo-ginseng, agaric, fruit of negundo and phoenix tree flower, it is possible to increase the harmful levels of pathogens in soil is eliminated while soil fertility.Its
In, containing abundant organic matter in barnyard manure, biogas residue, decomposed vegetable seed bran, stalk, dregs of beans, it can provide horseshoe seedling after disassembly
Various nutrients required for seedling；Humic acid can have fertilizer to increase with element humic acid fertilizer with reference to made of such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
Effect, improved soil, stimulate horseshoe seedling growth, improve the functions such as horseshoe quality.Microbial bacteria can produce substantial amounts of cell and swash
Plain class material, and then adjust the metabolism of horseshoe rice shoot, stimulate the growth of horseshoe rice shoot, promote horseshoe volume increase.Microbial bacteria
Using barnyard manure, biogas residue, decomposed vegetable seed bran, stalk, dregs of beans as carrier, and under the stimulation of humic acid, a variety of catalysis point are produced
The beneficial microbe colony such as enzyme and CEC, UGF somatomedin, induction disease-resistant factor, soil activating cytokine is solved, is fostering and apply fertilizer ground
Power, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, improve horseshoe quality, enhancing horseshoe disease and insect resistance and drought-resistant ability, purification and rehabilitating soil etc. side
There is preferable effect in face.In addition, Poria cocos energy antibacterial, Perishing prevention are sick, droop；The anti-inflammatory of pseudo-ginseng energy, anti-virus, logical cardinal vein, toxin expelling
Element, activating soil, can anti-yellowtop.Agaric can reduce the persticide residue in soil, can control bacterium, toxin expelling, logical cardinal vein；Fruit of negundo
Immunity, antibacterial and increase soil permeability, the conductibility of horseshoe rice shoot can be strengthened；Phoenix tree flower being capable of antifungal, bacterium；
Above-mentioned all medicines are used in combination, and improve the immunity and resistance against diseases of horseshoe rice shoot.In addition, the present invention is according to " weight after preceding steady middle control "
Principle, the amount of application early stage special inorganic fertilizer is larger, promotes horseshoe rice shoot tiller；Mid-term suitably reduces the application of fertilizer special for organic
Amount, the sowing amount of increase special inorganic fertilizer, promotes knot shepherd's purse；The sowing amount of later stage increase special inorganic fertilizer and fertilizer special for organic, is carried
High bulb expands rate, so as to improve the quality of horseshoe and yield.
4. the foliar fertilizer space that the present invention sprays during top dressing spends spirit 1 and space to spend spirit 5, effect of increasing production is obvious；July
The last ten-days period, horseshoe rice shoot are just colonized, and are sprayed space and are spent spirit 1 that horseshoe rice shoot packing can be promoted to grow；Mid-August, at horseshoe rice shoot
In tillering stage, spray space and spend spirit 1 and space to spend spirit 5, horseshoe rice shoot can be promoted to accelerate rhizomatous formation；Early November,
Horseshoe rice shoot is in the expansion of corms phase, sprays space and spends clever No. 5 excessive growth that can effectively control horseshoe rice shoot, promotes expansion of corms,
So as to promote increasing both production and income.
5. the present invention carries out a draining dry field during water management, mid-August, the root to horseshoe rice shoot carries
For the oxygen of abundance, promote respiration, there is provided energy, improve the absorption of nutrient, and promote horseshoe rice shoot root growth so that
Pumping seedling is further quick sturdy, mitigates later stage physiological disease seedling death phenomenon.Meanwhile dry field can further kill plantation crop field
In harmful levels of pathogens.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is further described in detail with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of high yield horseshoe, comprise the following steps：
(1) nursery：In the first tenday period of a month in May, selection block is big and the bulb of no disease and pests harm is as kind of a shepherd's purse, and described kind of shepherd's purse is urged
Sowed after bud processing to nursery.Kind shepherd's purse, which was cultivated to mid-July, obtains horseshoe seedling.The vernalization processing comprises the following steps：It is first
First, with 1000 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder liquid immersion kind shepherd's purse 10 hours；Then, wet straw is spread on ground, and by described in
Kind shepherd's purse is stacked alternately on straw, keeps terminal bud upward；Then, described kind of shepherd's purse is covered with straw, and watered 2 times daily；When
When terminal bud length is to 2cm, the straw of covering is removed, and continues watering and keeps moistening；Finally, when the cladode of described kind of shepherd's purse starts to give birth to
It is long, while sprout when having 2 lateral buds, you can sowing to the nursery.
(2) crop field prepares：Mid-July, select that soil layer is deep, unctuous plot is as plantation crop field；Then, to
Every mu of the plantation crop field applies base manure 1000kg；The base manure is made by the raw material of following parts by weight：Ripe 100 parts of chicken manure, ox
50 parts of excrement, 100 parts of pig manure, 20 parts of edible fungi residue, 8 parts of calcium superphosphate, 8 parts of compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, 1 part of boron zinc-iron fertiliser containing magnesium, urine
4 parts of 8 parts of element, 2 parts of tea bran and quick lime；Finally, appropriate water is poured into the plantation crop field, and is harrowed soil by harrowing tool
It is even rake after it is stand-by.
(3) definite value is transplanted：First, horseshoe seedling step (1) obtained, upper semisection branches and leaves are cut off, obtains horseshoe rice shoot；
The length of the horseshoe rice shoot is 35cm；Then, the root of the horseshoe rice shoot is put into the methyl that volumetric concentration is 0.05%
Soaked 40 minutes in thiophanate solution；Then, the root of the horseshoe rice shoot is put into the root-inducing powder that volumetric concentration is 0.01%
Soaked 2 hours in solution；Finally, the plantation Field planting horseshoe shoot transplanting equipment chosen to step (2).The horseshoe seedling
The seeding row spacing of seedling field planting is 35cm × 40cm, depth 8cm.
(4) water management：After horseshoe rice shoot field planting survives, demand is grown according to it, by pouring water or draining is adjusted
Save water level in the plantation crop field, in the plantation crop field regulation of water level be specially：
Late July is steady seedling stage, water level 2cm；
Early August to late August is tillering stage, water level 4cm；Wherein, a draining dry field is carried out mid-August；
Early September to late September is the strong sprout phase, water level 6cm；
Early October to late November is to tie shepherd's purse phase, water level 7cm；
Early December to late December is picking time, water level 0cm.
(5) top dressing：After the horseshoe rice shoot field planting survives, while apply special inorganic fertilizer and fertilizer special for organic.Fertilising
First the water in the plantation crop field is drained within first 2 days；After fertilising, poured water again to original water level after fertilizer sucks soil.It is described special
It is made with inorganic fertilizer by the raw material of following parts by weight：60 parts of compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, 10 parts of urea, 1 part of borax, 1 part of zinc sulfate, sulphur
Sour 0.1 part of ferrous 2 parts, 2 parts of ammonium magnesium phosphate, 6 parts of lime nitrogen, 0.1 part of ATS (Ammonium thiosulphate) and dicyandiamide.The fertilizer special for organic
It is made by the raw material of following parts by weight：100 parts of barnyard manure, 60 parts of biogas residue, 30 parts of decomposed vegetable seed bran, 30 parts of stalk, 10 parts of humic acid,
2 parts of 20 parts of dregs of beans, 3 parts of microbial bacteria, 4 parts of Poria cocos, 4 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 5 parts of agaric, 3 parts of fruit of negundo and phoenix tree flower.Micro- life
Thing bacterium bag includes：Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, bacillus, actinomyces and saccharomycete.The time of fertilising and every mu of applied amount
Specially：
Late July, special inorganic fertilizer 15kg, fertilizer special for organic 300kg；
Mid-August, special inorganic fertilizer 30kg, fertilizer special for organic 200kg；
Mid-September, special inorganic fertilizer 30kg, fertilizer special for organic 200kg；
Early October, special inorganic fertilizer 50kg, fertilizer special for organic 300kg；
Early November, special inorganic fertilizer 60kg, fertilizer special for organic 200kg.
In addition, during top dressing, foliar fertilizer also is sprayed to the horseshoe rice shoot stage by stage, is specially：
In late July, spray a space and spend spirit 1；
Mid-August, spray a space and spend spirit 1 and space to spend spirit 5；
In early November, spray a space and spend spirit 5.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of high yield horseshoe, comprise the following steps：
(1) nursery：In the first tenday period of a month in May, selection block is big and the bulb of no disease and pests harm is as kind of a shepherd's purse, and described kind of shepherd's purse is urged
Sowed after bud processing to nursery.Kind shepherd's purse, which was cultivated to mid-July, obtains horseshoe seedling.The vernalization processing comprises the following steps：It is first
First, with 1000 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder liquid immersion kind shepherd's purse 10 hours；Then, wet straw is spread on ground, and by described in
Kind shepherd's purse is stacked alternately on straw, keeps terminal bud upward；Then, described kind of shepherd's purse is covered with straw, and watered 3 times daily；When
When terminal bud length is to 3cm, the straw of covering is removed, and continues watering and keeps moistening；Finally, when the cladode of described kind of shepherd's purse starts to give birth to
It is long, while sprout when having 4 lateral buds, you can sowing to the nursery.
(2) crop field prepares：Mid-July, select that soil layer is deep, unctuous plot is as plantation crop field；Then, to
Every mu of the plantation crop field applies base manure 1200kg；The base manure is made by the raw material of following parts by weight：Ripe 120 parts of chicken manure, ox
100 parts of excrement, 150 parts of pig manure, 30 parts of edible fungi residue, 12 parts of calcium superphosphate, 12 parts of compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, 2 parts of boron zinc-iron fertiliser containing magnesium,
6 parts of 15 parts of urea, 4 parts of tea bran and quick lime；Finally, appropriate water is poured into the plantation crop field, and by harrowing tool by soil
Earth rake it is even rake after it is stand-by.
(3) definite value is transplanted：First, horseshoe seedling step (1) obtained, upper semisection branches and leaves are cut off, obtains horseshoe rice shoot；
The length of the horseshoe rice shoot is 45cm；Then, the root of the horseshoe rice shoot is put into the methyl support that volumetric concentration is 0.1%
Soaked 60 minutes in the solution of cloth Tianjin；Then, by the root of the horseshoe rice shoot be put into volumetric concentration be 0.02% root-inducing powder it is molten
Soaked 4 hours in liquid；Finally, the plantation Field planting horseshoe shoot transplanting equipment chosen to step (2).The horseshoe rice shoot
The seeding row spacing of field planting is 40cm × 45cm, depth 10cm.
(4) water management：After horseshoe rice shoot field planting survives, demand is grown according to it, by pouring water or draining is adjusted
Save water level in the plantation crop field, in the plantation crop field regulation of water level be specially：
Late July is steady seedling stage, water level 4cm；
Early August to late August is tillering stage, water level 5cm；Wherein, a draining dry field is carried out mid-August；
Early September to late September is the strong sprout phase, water level 8cm；
Early October to late November is to tie shepherd's purse phase, water level 10cm；
Early December to late December is picking time, water level 0cm.
(5) top dressing：After the horseshoe rice shoot field planting survives, while apply special inorganic fertilizer and fertilizer special for organic.Fertilising
First the water in the plantation crop field is drained within first 4 days；After fertilising, poured water again to original water level after fertilizer sucks soil.It is described special
It is made with inorganic fertilizer by the raw material of following parts by weight：80 parts of compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, 15 parts of urea, 2 parts of borax, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, sulphur
Sour 0.3 part of ferrous 3 parts, 4 parts of ammonium magnesium phosphate, 8 parts of lime nitrogen, 0.3 part of ATS (Ammonium thiosulphate) and dicyandiamide.The fertilizer special for organic
It is made by the raw material of following parts by weight：120 parts of barnyard manure, 80 parts of biogas residue, 40 parts of decomposed vegetable seed bran, 40 parts of stalk, 20 parts of humic acid,
5 parts of 30 parts of dregs of beans, 5 parts of microbial bacteria, 6 parts of Poria cocos, 8 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 7 parts of agaric, 6 parts of fruit of negundo and phoenix tree flower.Micro- life
Thing bacterium bag includes：Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, bacillus, actinomyces and saccharomycete.The time of fertilising and every mu of applied amount
Specially：
Late July, special inorganic fertilizer 20kg, fertilizer special for organic 400kg；
Mid-August, special inorganic fertilizer 40kg, fertilizer special for organic 250kg；
Mid-September, special inorganic fertilizer 40kg, fertilizer special for organic 250kg；
Early October, special inorganic fertilizer 60kg, fertilizer special for organic 400kg；
Early November, special inorganic fertilizer 70kg, fertilizer special for organic 250kg.
In addition, during top dressing, foliar fertilizer also is sprayed to the horseshoe rice shoot stage by stage, is specially：
In late July, spray a space and spend spirit 1；
Mid-August, spray a space and spend spirit 1 and space to spend spirit 5；
In early November, spray a space and spend spirit 5.
Embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods of high yield horseshoe, comprise the following steps：
(1) nursery：In the first tenday period of a month in May, selection block is big and the bulb of no disease and pests harm is as kind of a shepherd's purse, and described kind of shepherd's purse is urged
Sowed after bud processing to nursery.Kind shepherd's purse, which was cultivated to mid-July, obtains horseshoe seedling.The vernalization processing comprises the following steps：It is first
First, with 1000 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder liquid immersion kind shepherd's purse 10 hours；Then, wet straw is spread on ground, and by described in
Kind shepherd's purse is stacked alternately on straw, keeps terminal bud upward；Then, described kind of shepherd's purse is covered with straw, and watered 3 times daily；When
When terminal bud length is to 2.5cm, the straw of covering is removed, and continues watering and keeps moistening；Finally, when the cladode of described kind of shepherd's purse starts
Growth, while sprout when having 3 lateral buds, you can sowing to the nursery.
(2) crop field prepares：Mid-July, select that soil layer is deep, unctuous plot is as plantation crop field；Then, to
Every mu of the plantation crop field applies base manure 1100kg；The base manure is made by the raw material of following parts by weight：Ripe 110 parts of chicken manure, ox
75 parts of excrement, 125 parts of pig manure, 25 parts of edible fungi residue, 10 parts of calcium superphosphate, 10 parts of compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, boron zinc-iron fertiliser containing magnesium 1.5
Part, 11 parts of urea, 3 parts of tea bran and 5 parts of quick lime；Finally, appropriate water is poured into the plantation crop field, and will by harrowing tool
Soil rake it is even rake after it is stand-by.
(3) definite value is transplanted：First, horseshoe seedling step (1) obtained, upper semisection branches and leaves are cut off, obtains horseshoe rice shoot；
The length of the horseshoe rice shoot is 40cm；Then, the root of the horseshoe rice shoot is put into the methyl that volumetric concentration is 0.07%
Soaked 50 minutes in thiophanate solution；Then, the root of the horseshoe rice shoot is put into the root-inducing powder that volumetric concentration is 0.015%
Soaked 3 hours in solution；Finally, the plantation Field planting horseshoe shoot transplanting equipment chosen to step (2).The horseshoe seedling
The seeding row spacing of seedling field planting is 38cm × 42cm, depth 9cm.
(4) water management：After horseshoe rice shoot field planting survives, demand is grown according to it, by pouring water or draining is adjusted
Save water level in the plantation crop field, in the plantation crop field regulation of water level be specially：
Late July is steady seedling stage, water level 3cm；
Early August to late August is tillering stage, water level 4.5cm；Wherein, a draining dry field is carried out mid-August；
Early September to late September is the strong sprout phase, water level 7cm；
Early October to late November is to tie shepherd's purse phase, water level 8.5cm；
Early December to late December is picking time, water level 0cm.
(5) top dressing：After the horseshoe rice shoot field planting survives, while apply special inorganic fertilizer and fertilizer special for organic.Fertilising
First the water in the plantation crop field is drained within first 3 days；After fertilising, poured water again to original water level after fertilizer sucks soil.It is described special
It is made with inorganic fertilizer by the raw material of following parts by weight：70 parts of compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, 12 parts of urea, 1.5 parts of borax, zinc sulfate 1.5
Part, 2.5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3 parts of ammonium magnesium phosphate, 7 parts of lime nitrogen, 0.2 part of ATS (Ammonium thiosulphate) and 0.2 part of dicyandiamide.It is described special
It is made with organic fertilizer by the raw material of following parts by weight：110 parts of barnyard manure, 70 parts of biogas residue, 35 parts of decomposed vegetable seed bran, 35 parts of stalk, corruption
15 parts of phytic acid, 25 parts of dregs of beans, 4 parts of microbial bacteria, 5 parts of Poria cocos, 6 parts of pseudo-ginseng, 6 parts of agaric, 4.5 parts of fruit of negundo and phoenix tree flower
3.5 part.The microbial bacteria includes：Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, bacillus, actinomyces and saccharomycete.Fertilising when
Between and every mu of applied amount be specially：
Late July, special inorganic fertilizer 17.5kg, fertilizer special for organic 350kg；
Mid-August, special inorganic fertilizer 35kg, fertilizer special for organic 225kg；
Mid-September, special inorganic fertilizer 35kg, fertilizer special for organic 225kg；
Early October, special inorganic fertilizer 55kg, fertilizer special for organic 350kg；
Early November, special inorganic fertilizer 65kg, fertilizer special for organic 225kg.
In addition, during top dressing, foliar fertilizer also is sprayed to the horseshoe rice shoot stage by stage, is specially：
In late July, spray a space and spend spirit 1；
Mid-August, spray a space and spend spirit 1 and space to spend spirit 5；
In early November, spray a space and spend spirit 5.
On the other hand, applicant have also been devised a kind of comparative example of the implantation methods of high yield horseshoe of the present invention, it is specific as follows：
Comparative example 1
Perform step (2) when, by the present invention base manure change conventional use of farm manure and composite fertilizer into, other processing with
Embodiment 3 is identical.
Comparative example 2
When performing step (5), the special inorganic fertilizer of the present invention is changed into conventional use of compound potassium sulfate fertilizer and urea, and
Change fertilizer special for organic into conventional use of farm manure, other processing are same as Example 3.
Comparative example 3
When performing step (5), do not apply foliar fertilizer and spend spirit 1 and spend spirit 5, other processing are same as Example 3.
Horseshoe is harvested December, and statistical correlation data, statistical result are as shown in table 1.
Table 1
| Group | Per mu yield (kg) | Large fruit rate (%) | Fruitlet rate (%) | Illness rate (%) |
| Embodiment 1 | 5245 | 64.2 | 8.8 | 1.2 |
| Embodiment 2 | 5300 | 65.0 | 9.2 | 1.2 |
| Embodiment 3 | 5386 | 65.6 | 8.4 | 1.2 |
| Comparative example 1 | 4600 | 55.7 | 12.4 | 6.8 |
| Comparative example 2 | 3256 | 46.5 | 20.3 | 9.7 |
| Comparative example 3 | 4838 | 60.3 | 12.0 | 1.3 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the indices of embodiment 3 are significantly better than that comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3,
Illustrate that base manure, special inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer special for organic and foliar fertilizer used in the present invention can play significant volume increase effect
Fruit, while greatly reduce illness rate.The present invention improves horseshoe by correct Cultivate administration and correct Fertilizer ratio
Yield and quality, planting household is obtained good economic benefit, be worthy to be popularized.
Described above is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, the equal change completed or modification change under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention, all should belong to
Cover the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of implantation methods of high yield horseshoe, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) nursery：In the first tenday period of a month in May, selection block is big and the bulb of no disease and pests harm is as kind of a shepherd's purse, and described kind of shepherd's purse is carried out at vernalization
Sowed after reason to nursery；Kind shepherd's purse, which was cultivated to mid-July, obtains horseshoe seedling；
(2) crop field prepares：Mid-July, select that soil layer is deep, unctuous plot is as plantation crop field；Then, to described
Plant every mu of crop field and apply base manure 1000-1200kg；The base manure is made by the raw material of following parts by weight：Ripe chicken manure 100-120
Part, cow dung 50-100 parts, pig manure 100-150 parts, edible fungi residue 20-30 parts, calcium superphosphate 8-12 parts, compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 8-
12 parts, boron zinc-iron fertiliser containing magnesium 1-2 parts, urea 8-15 parts, tea bran 2-4 parts and quick lime 4-6 parts；Finally, to the plantation crop field
Pour into appropriate water, and harrowed by harrowing tool by soil stand-by after even rake；
(3) definite value is transplanted：First, horseshoe seedling step (1) obtained, upper semisection branches and leaves are cut off, obtains horseshoe rice shoot；It is described
The length of horseshoe rice shoot is 35-45cm；Then, the root of the horseshoe rice shoot is put into the first that volumetric concentration is 0.05-0.1%
40-60 minutes are soaked in base thiophanate solution；Then, it is 0.01- the root of the horseshoe rice shoot to be put into volumetric concentration
2-4 hours are soaked in 0.02% rooting powder solution；Finally, the plantation horseshoe shoot transplanting equipment chosen to step (2) is big
Field is colonized；
(4) water management：After horseshoe rice shoot field planting survives, demand is grown according to it, by pouring water or draining adjusts institute
State water level in plantation crop field；
(5) top dressing：After the horseshoe rice shoot field planting survives, while apply special inorganic fertilizer and fertilizer special for organic；The special nothing
Machine fertilizer is made by the raw material of following parts by weight：Compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 60-80 parts, urea 10-15 parts, borax 1-2 parts, zinc sulfate 1-
2 parts, ferrous sulfate 2-3 parts, ammonium magnesium phosphate 2-4 parts, lime nitrogen 6-8 parts, ATS (Ammonium thiosulphate) 0.1-0.3 parts and dicyandiamide 0.1-
0.3 part；The fertilizer special for organic is made by the raw material of following parts by weight：Barnyard manure 100-120 parts, biogas residue 60-80 parts, decomposed vegetable seed
Bran 30-40 parts, stalk 30-40 parts, humic acid 10-20 parts, dregs of beans 20-30 parts, microbial bacteria 3-5 parts, Poria cocos 4-6 parts, pseudo-ginseng
4-8 parts, agaric 5-7 parts, fruit of negundo 3-6 parts and phoenix tree flower 2-5 parts；The time of fertilising and every mu of applied amount are specially：
Late July, special inorganic fertilizer 15-20kg, fertilizer special for organic 300-400kg；
Mid-August, special inorganic fertilizer 30-40kg, fertilizer special for organic 200-250kg；
Mid-September, special inorganic fertilizer 30-40kg, fertilizer special for organic 200-250kg；
Early October, special inorganic fertilizer 50-60kg, fertilizer special for organic 300-400kg；
Early November, special inorganic fertilizer 60-70kg, fertilizer special for organic 200-250kg.
A kind of 2. implantation methods of high yield horseshoe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1), the vernalization
Processing comprises the following steps：First, with 1000 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder liquid immersion kind shepherd's purse 10 hours；Then, on ground
Face spreads wet straw, and described kind of shepherd's purse is stacked alternately on straw, keeps terminal bud upward；Then, described kind of shepherd's purse is covered with straw
Lid, and water 2-3 times daily；When terminal bud length is to 2-3cm, the straw of covering is removed, and continues watering and keeps moistening；Finally,
When the cladode of described kind of shepherd's purse starts to grow, while sprouting has 2-4 lateral bud, you can sowing to the nursery.
A kind of 3. implantation methods of high yield horseshoe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), the horseshoe
The seeding row spacing of rice shoot field planting is 35-40cm × 40-45cm, depth 8-10cm.
A kind of 4. implantation methods of high yield horseshoe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (4), the plantation
The regulation of water level is specially in crop field：
Late July is steady seedling stage, water level 2-4cm；
Early August to late August is tillering stage, water level 4-5cm；
Early September to late September is the strong sprout phase, water level 6-8cm；
Early October to late November is to tie shepherd's purse phase, water level 7-10cm；
Early December to late December is picking time, water level 0cm.
A kind of 5. implantation methods of high yield horseshoe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (4), the moisture
During management, a draining dry field is carried out mid-August.
A kind of 6. implantation methods of high yield horseshoe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (5), the top dressing
During, first 2-4 days of fertilising first drain the water in the plantation crop field；After fertilising, after fertilizer suck soil after pour water again to
Originally water level.
A kind of 7. implantation methods of high yield horseshoe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (5), the top dressing
During, foliar fertilizer also is sprayed to the horseshoe rice shoot stage by stage, is specially：
In late July, spray a space and spend spirit 1；
Mid-August, spray a space and spend spirit 1 and space to spend spirit 5；
In early November, spray a space and spend spirit 5.
8. the implantation methods of a kind of high yield horseshoe according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described special in step (5)
Microbial bacteria in organic fertilizer includes：Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, bacillus, actinomyces and saccharomycete.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108522161A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-14 | 云南易思高生物科技有限公司 | A kind of selection of fleabane flower late variety |
| CN109042191A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-21 | 钟山县德福农产品有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of horseshoe high yield |
| CN115191307A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-10-18 | 玉林市农业科学院(广西农业科学院玉林分院) | Method for improving yield and quality of water chestnut |
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| CN101092314A (en) * | 2006-06-19 | 2007-12-26 | 李强 | Biologic organic, inorganic composite fertilizer |
| CN103833442A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2014-06-04 | 林炳营 | Special organic-inorganic fertilizer for water chestnut planting |
| CN106538182A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-03-29 | 平乐宏源农业发展有限公司 | A kind of method of high-yield culturing Horse hoof |
| CN106866302A (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2017-06-20 | 方志明 | Organic fertilizer and its production method with preventing and treating diseases and pests of agronomic crop |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101092314A (en) * | 2006-06-19 | 2007-12-26 | 李强 | Biologic organic, inorganic composite fertilizer |
| CN103833442A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2014-06-04 | 林炳营 | Special organic-inorganic fertilizer for water chestnut planting |
| CN106538182A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-03-29 | 平乐宏源农业发展有限公司 | A kind of method of high-yield culturing Horse hoof |
| CN106866302A (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2017-06-20 | 方志明 | Organic fertilizer and its production method with preventing and treating diseases and pests of agronomic crop |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108522161A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-14 | 云南易思高生物科技有限公司 | A kind of selection of fleabane flower late variety |
| CN109042191A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-21 | 钟山县德福农产品有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of horseshoe high yield |
| CN115191307A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-10-18 | 玉林市农业科学院(广西农业科学院玉林分院) | Method for improving yield and quality of water chestnut |
| CN115191307B (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2023-10-27 | 玉林市农业科学院(广西农业科学院玉林分院) | Method for improving yield and quality of horseshoe |
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Application publication date: 20180119 |