CN107494107A - A kind of nectarine greenhouse culture technique - Google Patents
A kind of nectarine greenhouse culture technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN107494107A CN107494107A CN201710639840.6A CN201710639840A CN107494107A CN 107494107 A CN107494107 A CN 107494107A CN 201710639840 A CN201710639840 A CN 201710639840A CN 107494107 A CN107494107 A CN 107494107A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of nectarine greenhouse culture technique, specifically describe nectarine from seed selection to disease pest defence etc. specific steps, the Cultivation in Greenhouse of the present invention does sth. in advance the budding period and florescence of nectarine, fructescence shifts to an earlier date 30 days or so than outdoor cropping, bud is formed after early spring field planting then, next year blooms strain rate up to 100%, and from spending, fruiting rate is very high, 666.7m2Yield is up to more than 1000kg.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nectarine greenhouse culture technique.
Background technology
Production of fruit trees is the important component of agricultural production, to improving dietary structure, meets demand, flourish the market
Supply, increase income, promote rural economic development to have great importance.Since reform and opening-up, the production of fruit trees in China
Developed rapidly, by 1998, national fruit tree area oneself up to 863.5 ten thousand hm2, total output oneself up to 5452.9 ten thousand t, per capita
Occupy fruit 44.8kg.With expanding economy, the continuous expansion of raising and the opening of living standards of the people, to fruit
Demand, not only quantitatively, and in quality, in the variation of kind, dull season market supply on be proposed it is higher
It is required that.Protected fruit trees cultivation technology is exactly to adapt to a kind of modern fruit tree planting technique that this needs grow up.Planted in facility
Under the conditions of training, due to the envirment factors such as temperature, moisture, illumination, CO2 can manual control, make fruit tree be bordering on preferably under the conditions of
Grow, can ahead of time or delayed maturity, so as to fill up market seasonality blank, the unfavorable bar such as Early spring freezing injury can also be avoided
Part.Meanwhile the Yield and quality and commodity rate of fruit can all increase substantially, its economic benefit is often several times of open country to several
Ten times.Therefore, protected fruit trees cultivation accelerates agricultural industrialization process, meets people's need for development high yield quality benefit agricultural
Seek important in inhibiting.Especially extremely lacked at desert, gobi, water source, the area that low temperature drought impact is larger, carry out facility cultivation
With more important realistic meaning and ecological significance.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of nectarine greenhouse culture technique, is asked with solve to propose in above-mentioned background technology
Topic.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of nectarine greenhouse culture technique, including step are as follows,
S1, selection is best in quality, and high yield matter is good, self-flowering fruiting power strong extremely early mature or early-maturing variety；
S2, greenhouse bred turtle plant should use north and south row to seeding row spacing 1.0*2.0m, the deep 60cm of excavation before being colonized, wide 80cm's determines
Planting ditch, per hectare organic fertilizer 75m3, backfilled after being mixed with soil, fill permeable after filling and leading up, make planting furrow heavy real, rationally taken during plant
With pollinated variety, general main cultivation, pollinated variety ratio are 8:1；
S3, fixed in time dry after field planting, about 30-40cm before heading height greenhouse, rear portion 50cm form low early and high after Yimianpu formula,
Tree-like to use " Y " font and fine filaments capitate, tree crown is controlled in 1.5-2.Om, and major branch stays two, in the ranks extending, on major branch directly
Connect in outfit, larger result branch group, do not stay side shoot, major branch angle is 55o-60o, treelet young sprout grows to 30cm or so, plucks in time
The heart, sublateral shoot is inspired, suitably remove dense branches, start the multiple-effect Building I of spraying 15% by the end of June, be spaced even spray 3 times in 1015 days, concentration
For 300 mg/kg, 350 mg/kg, while spray 1-3 0.3%-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, control it is long promote flower, form it into enough excellent
Matter bud；
S4, humiture begins to warm to budding period temperature, heated up by taking off lid straw screen or mat and switch vent using regulation after detaining canopy
Process will be delayed, it is impossible to which too quickly, in order to avoid causing root system Underactivity, transporting nutrient ability is low, and it is withered that overground part bud sprouts atrophy again
Dead phenomenon, 18-22 DEG C of daytime temperature, 5-7 DEG C of nighttime temperature, rudiment to 20-25 DEG C of florescence daytime temperature, nighttime temperature 8-10
DEG C, 25-28 DEG C of fruit expanding period daytime temperature, 12-17 DEG C of nighttime temperature, 15-28 DEG C of fructescence daytime temperature, night
16-18 DEG C of temperature, day and night temperature are not less than 10 DEG C, and moisture management is 70-80% from button canopy relative humidity to before blooming in canopy, is opened
Florescence keeps 50% or so, and after spending to fruit harvesting control below 60%, florescence stopping is poured water, and strictly controls the pole of each physiology phase
Limit temperature；
S5, nectarine pollen amount is more, can manually writing brush point award, feather duster roll, full-bloom stage dip pollen with bald writing brush, then
Go on other chapiters, or gently shaken with feather duster taking, the pollen for making to dip on feather duster is trembled other
Chapiter on, above two method can continuously 5-6 days；
S6, under the hot and humid environment in greenhouse, disease is easier to occur, and mainly has a brown rot, peach bacterial shot hole and
Anthracnose, aggregate measures should be taken to be prevented and treated, one, removing deadwood, fallen leaves, weeds, concentration are burnt up in time after the winter cuts.Two, button
5 degree of lime sulfurs are sprayed before canopy, spray one time 80% 400-600 times of liquid of mancozeb wettable powder after fallen flowers per first quarter moon,
Insect pest mainly based on spring aphid damage, can after Hua Qianhua it is each it is anti-once, with aphid lice is net, Aphox, goes out and sweep interest rate
Preventing and treating.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Cultivation in Greenhouse is done sth. in advance the budding period of nectarine and bloomed
Phase, fructescence shift to an earlier date 30 days or so than outdoor cropping, and bud is formed then after early spring field planting, and next year strain rate of blooming reaches
100%, 666.7m very high from flower fruiting rate2Yield is up to more than 1000kg.
Embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described embodiment
Only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the common skill in this area
The every other embodiment that art personnel are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Above is the nectarine Cultivation in Greenhouse phenological period, compared with the outdoor cropping phenological period, Cultivation in Greenhouse does sth. in advance daybreak
Light, Hua Guang, gorgeous smooth budding period and florescence, fructescence shift to an earlier date 30 days or so than outdoor cropping, ripe earliest with magnificent light, daybreak
Light takes second place, and a little later, front and rear to differ 3-7 days respectively, the character fits like a glove gorgeous light with open country, and the rush morning effect of greenhouse production is consistent.
Above is influence of the greenhouse bred turtle to tree body, growth, fruit yield and fruit properties, after the field planting of 3 kind sprout early springs when
Form bud year, next year blooms strain rate up to 100%, and fruiting rate is very high from spending, 666.7m2Yield is up to more than 1000kg daybreaks
Light with golden mean of the Confucian school branch on the weak side and in, based on fruit spur result, fruit distribution uniform in tree crown;Magnificent light fruit-setting rate is high, with compared with
Based on sturdy middle long fruit branch result, yielding ability protrudes, and fruit is mainly distributed the middle and upper part of tree crown;All kinds of fruitful branches of gorgeous light are equal
Energy result, in, based on a long fruit branch result, yielding ability is good, and fruit is distributed in tree crown middle and upper part more.
2 years raw tree mean fruit weight 70.5g of dawn, soluble solid content 8.0% are determined by fruit Major Economic;
Give birth within 3 years and set respectively 82.5g, 6.8%.Fruit subcircular or oblateness, fruit top is flat, and nick, suture is shallow and obvious, both sides compared with
Symmetrically;Fruit background color is pale yellow, and fruit face is scarlet to aubergine, glossy, wherein the fruit top red coloration of tree crown upper strata fruit;Pulp
Yellow, meat is close, hard solute, aromatic, the light sweet tea of flavor, fully ripe in fruit but harvest when not softening, storage tolerance compared with
It is good；
2 years raw tree mean fruit weight 62.4g of magnificent light, soluble solid content 9.2%;Raw tree is respectively 71.2g within 3 years,
9.6%, fruit subcircular, fruit tip circle is put down, and nick, suture is shallow, and fruit shape is justified just, and both sides are symmetrical;The light green white of fruit background color, fruit
Face rose, glossy, the wherein area of tree crown upper strata fruit 1/2 deep rose, in, the area of lower floor 1/3 bright-coloured rose
Red, whiting of being revealed the green during fruit is red, bright and clean vivid, pulp milky, solute.Fresh and crisp, aromatic, flavor is fragrant and sweet, does not have
Dehiscent fruit phenomenon, is harvested in hardripe stage, and storage tolerance is preferable；
2 years raw tree mean fruit weight 87.7g of gorgeous light, soluble solid content 9.0%.Fruit is oval, the obvious point in fruit top
Prominent, suture is shallow and obvious, and Zygomorphy is slightly worse, gloss;Pulp milky, reflowing matter, juice is more, fruit unshapeliness;Fruit
Rose is covered in the real light green whiting of background color, fruit face, lacks
There is strong fragrance, flavor is fragrant and sweet;Harvested in hardripe stage, storage tolerance is preferable；
So greenhouse production dawn, Hua Guang fruit shape and appearance finish are superior to open country, gorgeous light is slightly worse;Greenhouse production dawn,
Hua Guang, the fruit of gorgeous light are less than normal compared with open country, and flavor is partially light, is coloured with tree crown upper strata fruit, and fruit is big, soluble solid content
Height, middle level fruit take second place, and lower floor fruit is worst;Dawn, 3 years raw tree different canopy layers fruit mean fruit weights of magnificent light kind and solubility are solid
Shape thing content is all higher than 2 years raw trees.Greenhouse production is optimal with magnificent light fruit, and commodity rate is high, and dawn takes second place, gorgeous fruit fruit shape symmetry
Slightly worse, fruit size is uneven;Malformed fruit is relatively more, and fruit face lacks gloss, and fruit top is obvious jagged, and commodity rate is relatively low.
A kind of nectarine greenhouse culture technique, including step are as follows,
S1, selection is best in quality, and high yield matter is good, self-flowering fruiting power strong extremely early mature or early-maturing variety；
S2, greenhouse bred turtle plant should use north and south row to seeding row spacing 1.0*2.0m, the deep 60cm of excavation before being colonized, wide 80cm's determines
Planting ditch, per hectare organic fertilizer 75m3, backfilled after being mixed with soil, fill permeable after filling and leading up, make planting furrow heavy real, rationally taken during plant
With pollinated variety, general main cultivation, pollinated variety ratio are 8:1；
S3, fixed in time dry after field planting, about 30-40cm before heading height greenhouse, rear portion 50cm form low early and high after Yimianpu formula,
Tree-like to use " Y " font and fine filaments capitate, tree crown is controlled in 1.5-2.Om, and major branch stays two, in the ranks extending, on major branch directly
Connect in outfit, larger result branch group, do not stay side shoot, major branch angle is 55o-60o, treelet young sprout grows to 30cm or so, plucks in time
The heart, sublateral shoot is inspired, suitably remove dense branches, start the multiple-effect Building I of spraying 15% by the end of June, be spaced even spray 3 times in 1015 days, concentration
For 300 mg/kg, 350 mg/kg, while spray 1-3 0.3%-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, control it is long promote flower, form it into enough excellent
Matter bud；
S4, humiture begins to warm to budding period temperature, heated up by taking off lid straw screen or mat and switch vent using regulation after detaining canopy
Process will be delayed, it is impossible to which too quickly, in order to avoid causing root system Underactivity, transporting nutrient ability is low, and it is withered that overground part bud sprouts atrophy again
Dead phenomenon, 18-22 DEG C of daytime temperature, 5-7 DEG C of nighttime temperature, rudiment to 20-25 DEG C of florescence daytime temperature, nighttime temperature 8-10
DEG C, 25-28 DEG C of fruit expanding period daytime temperature, 12-17 DEG C of nighttime temperature, 15-28 DEG C of fructescence daytime temperature, night
16-18 DEG C of temperature, day and night temperature are not less than 10 DEG C, and moisture management is 70-80% from button canopy relative humidity to before blooming in canopy, is opened
Florescence keeps 50% or so, and after spending to fruit harvesting control below 60%, florescence stopping is poured water, and strictly controls the pole of each physiology phase
Limit temperature；One be due to fruit rataria it is all very sensitive to high temperature, low temperature, it is too high it is too low all can damage and failure immature embryo, draw
Play fruit growth slowly or stop development, severe patient causes physiological fallen fruit；Two are due under facility condition, photosynthetic most suitable
Temperature reaches more than 30 DEG C, Photosynthetic Efficiency declines quickly, is converted to 34 DEG C of photosynthesis to consumption-type, substantially at 25 DEG C or so
Carbohydrate is not formed, easily causes tree nutrient accumulation deficiency, causes fruit color bad, mouthfeel is not good enough；
S5, nectarine pollen amount is more, can manually writing brush point award, feather duster roll, full-bloom stage dip pollen with bald writing brush, then
Go on other chapiters, or gently shaken with feather duster taking, the pollen for making to dip on feather duster is trembled other
Chapiter on, above two method can continuously 5-6 days；
S6, under the hot and humid environment in greenhouse, disease is easier to occur, and mainly has a brown rot, peach bacterial shot hole and
Anthracnose, aggregate measures should be taken to be prevented and treated, one, removing deadwood, fallen leaves, weeds, concentration are burnt up in time after the winter cuts.Two, button
5 degree of lime sulfurs are sprayed before canopy, spray one time 80% 400-600 times of liquid of mancozeb wettable powder after fallen flowers per first quarter moon,
Insect pest mainly based on spring aphid damage, can after Hua Qianhua it is each it is anti-once, with aphid lice is net, Aphox, goes out and sweep interest rate
Preventing and treating.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
A variety of changes, modification can be carried out to these embodiments, replace without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of nectarine greenhouse culture technique, it is characterized in that：It is as follows including step,
S1, selection is best in quality, and high yield matter is good, self-flowering fruiting power strong extremely early mature or early-maturing variety；
S2, greenhouse bred turtle plant should use north and south row to seeding row spacing 1.0*2.0m, the deep 60cm of excavation before being colonized, wide 80cm's determines
Planting ditch, per hectare organic fertilizer 75m3, backfilled after being mixed with soil, fill permeable after filling and leading up, make planting furrow heavy real, rationally taken during plant
With pollinated variety, general main cultivation, pollinated variety ratio are 8:1；
S3, fixed in time dry after field planting, about 30-40cm before heading height greenhouse, rear portion 50cm form low early and high after Yimianpu formula,
Tree-like to use " Y " font and fine filaments capitate, tree crown is controlled in 1.5-2.Om, and major branch stays two, in the ranks extending, on major branch directly
Connect in outfit, larger result branch group, do not stay side shoot, major branch angle is 55o-60o, treelet young sprout grows to 30cm or so, plucks in time
The heart, sublateral shoot is inspired, suitably remove dense branches, start the multiple-effect Building I of spraying 15% by the end of June, be spaced even spray 3 times in 1015 days, concentration
For 300 mg/kg, 350 mg/kg, while spray 1-3 0.3%-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, control it is long promote flower, form it into enough excellent
Matter bud；
S4, humiture begins to warm to budding period temperature, heated up by taking off lid straw screen or mat and switch vent using regulation after detaining canopy
Process will be delayed, it is impossible to which too quickly, in order to avoid causing root system Underactivity, transporting nutrient ability is low, and it is withered that overground part bud sprouts atrophy again
Dead phenomenon, 18-22 DEG C of daytime temperature, 5-7 DEG C of nighttime temperature, rudiment to 20-25 DEG C of florescence daytime temperature, nighttime temperature 8-10
DEG C, 25-28 DEG C of fruit expanding period daytime temperature, 12-17 DEG C of nighttime temperature, 15-28 DEG C of fructescence daytime temperature, night
16-18 DEG C of temperature, day and night temperature are not less than 10 DEG C, and moisture management is 70-80% from button canopy relative humidity to before blooming in canopy, is opened
Florescence keeps 50% or so, and after spending to fruit harvesting control below 60%, florescence stopping is poured water, and strictly controls the pole of each physiology phase
Limit temperature；
S5, nectarine pollen amount is more, can manually writing brush point award, feather duster roll, full-bloom stage dip pollen with bald writing brush, then
Go on other chapiters, or gently shaken with feather duster taking, the pollen for making to dip on feather duster is trembled other
Chapiter on, above two method can continuously 5-6 days；
S6, under the hot and humid environment in greenhouse, disease is easier to occur, and mainly has a brown rot, peach bacterial shot hole and
Anthracnose, aggregate measures should be taken to be prevented and treated, one, removing deadwood, fallen leaves, weeds, concentration are burnt up in time after the winter cuts；Two, button
5 degree of lime sulfurs are sprayed before canopy, spray one time 80% 400-600 times of liquid of mancozeb wettable powder after fallen flowers per first quarter moon,
Insect pest mainly based on spring aphid damage, can after Hua Qianhua it is each it is anti-once, with aphid lice is net, Aphox, goes out and sweep interest rate
Preventing and treating.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710639840.6A CN107494107A (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2017-07-31 | A kind of nectarine greenhouse culture technique |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710639840.6A CN107494107A (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2017-07-31 | A kind of nectarine greenhouse culture technique |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108157042A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-15 | 安徽国豪农业科技有限公司 | A kind of nectarine greenhouse method for planting |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103535237A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2014-01-29 | 安徽省砀山果园场 | Greenhouse golden sun apricot cultivation method |
| CN103931407A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-07-23 | 阎小艳 | Alpine region solar greenhouse peach cultivation method |
-
2017
- 2017-07-31 CN CN201710639840.6A patent/CN107494107A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103535237A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2014-01-29 | 安徽省砀山果园场 | Greenhouse golden sun apricot cultivation method |
| CN103931407A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-07-23 | 阎小艳 | Alpine region solar greenhouse peach cultivation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 牟德生: "葡萄油桃杏日光温室高效栽培技术研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库农业科技辑》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108157042A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-15 | 安徽国豪农业科技有限公司 | A kind of nectarine greenhouse method for planting |
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