CN107439424A - A kind of production of hybrid seeds of Jin Xinwu crucian carps and cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of production of hybrid seeds of Jin Xinwu crucian carps and cultural method Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of production of hybrid seeds of Jin Xinwu crucian carps and cultural method, including：(1) using the red crucian carp raun of 7 generation above unexpected mass incidents as female parent；With (the red crucian carp ♀ × ink dragon carp ♂ of albefaction) F1The strong tetraploid F of the sperm motility that obtains after the black matrix color individual selfing of middle appearance2Milter is male parent；(2) female male parent presses 20 30:1 combo；(3) using artificial propagation, the method for artificial insemination；(4) after embryonated egg unsticking, it is put into circular hatching channal and carries out Lotic hatching；(5) the young hair pool of crow：Mu puts the tail of fry 2,000,000 300 ten thousand；(6) one age fish cultures, mu put the tail of summer flower fingerling 4,000 5000, and every mu of set supports silver carp, each 200 300 tail of variegated carp summer flower after 15d；Two age fish cultures, mu put 2,500 3000 tail spring piece fingerlings, and every mu of set supports silver carp, each 200 300 tail of crucian fingerling after 15d.The many advantages such as the Jin Xinwu crucian carps that the present invention is bred as have black matrix color inheritance stability, growth is fast, premunition is strong, nutritive value is high, have scale application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the aquatic products production of hybrid seeds and cultural technique field, the production of hybrid seeds of especially a kind of Jin Xinwu crucian carps and cultural method.
Background technology
Crucian is the main cultured fishes in China, and data is shown according to statistics, and its 2014 gross annual output amount is 276.8 ten thousand tons,
Highly important status is occupied in freshwater aquiculture.Because the growth of crucian is slower, in order to improve its production performance, domestic and international expert
Scholar once carried out substantial amounts of breeding experiment, with the development of culture fishery and the raising of people's level of consumption, breeding objective
It can not be limited only to improve the speed of growth and yield, also require that the meat flavour cultivated is delicious, nutritive value is high, and there is health care work(
Can be with sight, the crucian new varieties that body colour is novel, premunition is strong, the social demand improved constantly with satisfaction.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to mass breeds pitch-black body colour, inheritance stability, growth is fast, premunition is strong, nutrition is protected
It is good for type crucian and healthy aquaculture and proposes the production of hybrid seeds and the cultural method of a kind of Jin Xinwu crucian carps.
The present invention solves its technical problem and takes following technical scheme to realize：
A kind of production of hybrid seeds of Jin Xinwu crucian carps and cultural method, including step are as follows：
(1) seed selection of production of hybrid seeds parent：
It is maternal：The colony based on red crucian carp, by 7 generation above unexpected mass incidents filial generation in, select whole body red it is strong,
Gonad development is good, physical strong, and the age is female parent in more than 150g raun in 2-3 ages, individual weight；
Male parent：With (the red crucian carp ♀ × ink dragon carp ♂ of albefaction) F1The F obtained after the black matrix color individual selfing of middle appearance2Filial generation, from
Middle selection is physical strong, and the age in 4-6 ages, body weight 1.0-2.0kg, can extrude the strong tetraploid F of microscopy sperm motility2Milter is
Male parent；
(2) combo of female male parent：Male and female parent population blend proportion is：20-30:1, according to the seminal fluid of male parent during artificial propagation
Mass adjust- ment milter uses mantissa；
(3) Seedling production, the method being combined using artificial induced spawning, artificial insemination, specific method are：
1. artificial induced spawning：Start breeding of hastening parturition under conditions of water temperature stability is more than 16 DEG C, oxytocic is injected to parent population
Thing, then the raun for having injected oxytocic drug and milter are stored up respectively and are placed in spawning pond；
2. artificial insemination：According to Effect time, the ovulation situation of raun is checked, has the outflow of ovum grain when gently pressing raun belly
When, ovum and seminal fluid are extruded, carries out dry method fertilization；
(4) hatch：After embryonated egg unsticking, it is put into circular hatching channal and carries out Lotic hatching；
(5) the young hair pool of crow：Mu puts the tail of fry 2,000,000-300 ten thousand, and it is young that soya bean of splashing slurry is bred as crow；
(6) commodity fish culture：
A 1. age fish culture：Mu puts the 3-4cm young summer flower fingerling 4000-5000 tails of incubation crow, covers foster 3-4cm again after 15d
Silver carp summer flower fingerling and each 200-300 tails regulating water quality of variegated carp summer flower fingerling；
2. two age fish cultures：Mu puts 50-60g Jin Xinwu crucian kind 2500-3000 tails, and silver carp and crucian carp are launched again after 15d
Each 200-300 tails regulating water quality of fish fingerling.
Moreover, tetraploid F in the step (1)2Specifically selected using Erythrocyte measure and flow cytomery technology
Go out.
Moreover, oxytocic drug is luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog (LHRH-A in the 1. step of the step (3)2) and horse
Carry out sour DOM (DOM), oxytocic drug dosage is：Raun is per kg body weight LHRH-A26.0 μ g+DOM3.0mg mixed liquor；It is male
Fish is per kg body weight LHRH-A29 μ g+DOM 3.75mg mixed liquor.
Moreover, the injecting method of oxytocic drug is in the 1. step of the step (3)：Female milter uses thoracic cavity base portion once
Injection.
Moreover, dry method fertilization is specifically carried out indoors in the 2. step of the step (3), light direct projection is avoided, is manually adopted
During ovum, contained with clean ceramic whiteware basin, after adopting ovum amount and reaching 200g-600g, squeeze into 5-6 drop milter seminal fluid, light rolling ceramic whiteware basin
It is sufficiently mixed smart ovum, then plus water stirring is fully fertilized, and scattered granulating.
Moreover, in dry method the time of fertilization, the water in fish body is dried, ovum is adopted every time and the insemination operating time must not exceed
3min。
Moreover, the soya bean slurry of splashing in the step (5) is specially：Every mu is used soya bean 1.5-2.0kg daily, and pond is per 3-
Fill within 5 days new water 5-10cm.
Raised moreover, the powdery for feeding protein content 38-42% during an age fish culture of the step (6) first coordinates
Material, as fish body growth is adjusted to broken particle feed in time, day feeding volume is the 14%-5% of pond fish gross weight, the step
(6) during two age fish cultures, protein content 30-34% pellet is fed, day feeding volume is the 5%- of pond fish gross weight
3%..
The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are：
1st, it is many that Jin Xinwu crucian carps of the invention have black matrix color inheritance stability, growth is fast, premunition is strong, nutritive value is high etc.
Advantage, and repeated production and different regions Farmed as Main Species in Ponds and big waters are raised together, and show significant advantage and benefit.
2nd, the seed selection of Jin Xinwu crucian carps production of hybrid seeds parent, the combo of female male parent and Seedling production, cultivation skill in the inventive method
Mode of operation specification during art, it is easy to grasp, is respectively provided with the prospect of being widely applied.
3rd, Jin Xinwu crucian carps of the invention have the characteristic for not infecting carp simplex type II viral (CyHV-2 types), large area production
Cultivation is stable, has higher economic benefit and social benefit.
4th, Jin Xinwu crucian carps inheritance stability of the invention, germplasm are excellent, and are triploid, either in artificial induced spawning still
Under natural conditions, irreproducible filial generation, the resource with other kinds will not be caused to mix.
Embodiment
Present invention implementation is further described below, following examples are descriptive, are not limited, it is impossible to
Protection scope of the present invention is limited with this.
In order to further understand the content, features and effects of the present invention, hereby enumerate following instance.
Specific embodiment
A kind of production of hybrid seeds of Jin Xinwu crucian carps and cultural method, including step are as follows：
(1) seed selection of production of hybrid seeds parent
It is maternal：The colony based on red crucian carp, by 7 generation above unexpected mass incidents filial generation in, select whole body red it is strong,
Gonad development is good, physical strong, and the age is female parent in more than 150g raun in 2-3 ages, individual weight；
Male parent：With (the red crucian carp ♀ × ink dragon carp ♂ of albefaction) F1The F obtained after the black matrix color individual selfing of middle appearance2Filial generation, adopt
Tetraploid F is selected with Erythrocyte measure and flow cytomery technology2, therefrom select physical strong, no disability disease, can squeeze
Go out milky seminal fluid, microscopy sperm motility is strong, and the age, body weight 1.0-2.0kg milter was male parent in 4-6 ages.
(2) combo of female male parent
Male and female parent population blend proportion：Generally 20-30:1, milter can be adjusted according to the semen quality of male parent during artificial propagation
Use mantissa；
(3) Seedling production, the method being combined using artificial induced spawning, artificial insemination, specific method are：
1. artificial induced spawning：In mid or late April to late June, water temperature stability more than 16 DEG C, open by more than 20 DEG C of general water temperature
Beginning is hastened parturition breeding, and oxytocic drug is injected to parent population, and to obtain the ovum and sperm reached maturity, oxytocic drug is with promoting corpus luteum life
Into hormone analogs (LHRH-A2) and maleic acid DOM (DOM).Female milter uses a thoracic cavity base portion shot, dosage：It is female
Fish is per kg body weight LHRH-A26.0 μ g+DOM3.0mg mixed liquor；Milter is per kg body weight LHRH-A29μg+DOM 3.75mg
Mixed liquor.The position for injecting medicine is thoracic cavity (pectoral fin base portion).
The key of artificial induced spawning is selection, reinforced cultivating and the artificial induced spawning technology of sexal maturity parent population, in order to accurately grasp
The Best Times of artificial insemination, the raun for having injected oxytocic drug and milter are stored up respectively and are placed in spawning pond (area 80.7-
93.2m2, depth of water 60-80cm).
2. artificial insemination：Effect time determines depending on the mature condition of raun and the height of water temperature, according to Effect time, inspection
The ovulation situation of raun is looked into, when gently pressure raun belly has the outflow of ovum grain, ovum is adopted immediately and carries out artificial insemination.General 200g or so
Red crucian carp can adopt 30,000-6 ten thousand, ovum, 20-30 tails raun can match somebody with somebody more than 1.0kg milter 1-2 tails.If milter individual is big, seminal fluid fills
Abundant, sperm quality is good, can suitably reduce milter quantity.During ovum artificial collection, contained with clean ceramic whiteware basin；Reach one when adopting ovum amount
(200g-600g) squeezes into 5-6 drop milter seminal fluid during fixed number amount, gently rocks ceramic whiteware basin, is sufficiently mixed smart ovum, then adds water,
It is gently mixed with hand, it is fully fertilized, and scattered granulating.Artificial insemination is carried out indoors, avoids light direct projection.Entering pedestrian
When work adopts ovum and insemination, it is necessary to dry the water in fish body, each ovum artificial collection and insemination operating time must not exceed 3min.
(4) scale is hatched
Embryonated egg is uniformly splashed in the ㎝ of the depth of water 40 spawning pond bottom of pond, make its natural unsticking, treat that embryonated egg fully absorbs water
Afterwards, then by embryonated egg with bar broom be collected into egg-collecting box, reuse cluster current it is de- it is glutinous after, be put into circular hatching channal and carry out Lotic hatching；
(5) the young hair pool of crow：Mu puts the tail of fry (spray) 2,000,000-300 ten thousand, and soya bean of splashing slurry incubation crow is young, specially every mu
Soya bean 1.5-2.0kg, pond new water 5-10cm of filling per 3-5 days are used daily；
(6) commodity fish culture：
A 1. age fish culture：Mu puts 3-4cm summer flower fingerling 4000-5000 tails, covers foster 3-4cm silver carp, flower after 15d again
Silver carp summer flower 200-300 tails；Protein content 38-42% powdery compound feed is fed during cultivation first, with fish body growth and
When be adjusted to broken particle feed, day feeding volume is the 14%-5% of pond fish gross weight,
2. two age fish cultures：Mu puts 50-60g fingerling 2500-3000 tails, and silver carp, crucian fingerling 200- are launched again after 15d
300 tail regulating water qualities.During cultivation, protein content 30-34% pellet is fed, day feeding volume is the 5%- of pond fish gross weight
3%.
Main Morphology, the biological property of Jin Xinwu crucian carps are as follows：
(1) Main Morphology feature
1. denumerable character
Dorsal fin fin：D.iv-16-19, majority is 16-17；
Anal fin fin：A.iii-5；
Pectoral fin fin：P.i-15-18, majority is 16-17；
Abdomeinal fin fin：V.i-8；
Tail fin bar number：C.29-32, majority is 30-31；
Number of lateral：28-32, scale above lateral line 5-6, scale below lateral line 5-7；
Gill raker number on the outside of the mandibular arch of left side：32-42；
Hypopharynx tooth is tooth-like：4/4；
Vertebrae sum：27-29.
2. metric characters
The metric characters ratio value of the age groups of table 1
(2) Main Biological of Jin Xinwu crucian carps
The Main Biological of the Jin Xinwu crucian carps of table 2
| Project | Biological property |
| Adapt to water temperature | 2-34℃ |
| Optimum growh water temperature | 23-29℃ |
| Oxygen-resistant ability | Can lower oxygen concentration resistance (being ingested in oxygen content 2-3mg/L very well) |
| Premunition | Premunition is stronger |
| Feeding habits | Artifical compound feed is adapted to completely |
The Jin Xinwu crucian carps of the present invention, are by red crucian carp raun and F2Tetraploid milter carries out artificial induced spawning, inseminates, incubates
Change, seed rearing, commodity fish culture, and repeated production and different regions Farmed as Main Species in Ponds and big waters are raised together, and show to show
The black matrix color crucian new varieties of work advantage and benefit.The novelty and superiority that the present invention has：
1st, with red crucian carp raun and black matrix color F2Tetraploid milter is production of hybrid seeds parent；
2nd, by hybrid seeding, a black matrix color inheritance stability is obtained, growth is fast, premunition is strong, nutritive value is high
Crucian new varieties, the fish do not infect carp simplex type II virus (CyHV-2 types), are imitated applied to producing and achieving obvious economy
Benefit and social benefit.
3rd, Jin Xinwu crucian carps inheritance stability, germplasm are excellent, and are triploid, either in artificial induced spawning or natural conditions
Under, irreproducible filial generation, the resource with other kinds will not be caused to mix.
4th, seed large-scale production.The present invention is using artificial induced spawning, artificial insemination, incubating oosperm circuit Lotic hatching skill
Art.The wherein selection and cultivation of production of hybrid seeds parent fish, be seed can large-scale production key.
The present invention is described in detail example listed above, but the preferable implementation of the content only present invention is not
To limit the present invention.All all any modification, equivalent and improvement done in the application range of the present invention etc., are all contained in
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the production of hybrid seeds and the cultural method of a kind of Jin Xinwu crucian carps, it is characterised in that as follows including step：
(1) seed selection of production of hybrid seeds parent：
It is maternal：The colony based on red crucian carp, in the filial generation by 7 generation above unexpected mass incidents, selection whole body red is strong, sexual gland
Physically well develop, physical strong, the age is female parent in more than 150g raun in 2-3 ages, individual weight；
Male parent：With (the red crucian carp ♀ × ink dragon carp ♂ of albefaction) F1The F obtained after the black matrix color individual selfing of middle appearance2Filial generation, Cong Zhongxuan
Select physical strong, the age in 4-6 ages, body weight 1.0-2.0kg, can extrude the strong tetraploid F of microscopy sperm motility2Milter is father
This；
(2) combo of female male parent：Male and female parent population blend proportion is：20-30:1, according to the semen quality of male parent during artificial propagation
Adjustment milter uses mantissa；
(3) Seedling production, the method being combined using artificial induced spawning, artificial insemination, specific method are：
1. artificial induced spawning：Start breeding of hastening parturition under conditions of water temperature stability is more than 16 DEG C, oxytocic drug is injected to parent population, so
The raun for having injected oxytocic drug and milter are stored up respectively afterwards and are placed in spawning pond；
2. artificial insemination：According to Effect time, the ovulation situation of raun is checked, when gently pressure raun belly has the outflow of ovum grain, is squeezed
Go out ovum and seminal fluid, carry out dry method fertilization；
(4) hatch：After embryonated egg unsticking, it is put into circular hatching channal and carries out Lotic hatching；
(5) the young hair pool of crow：Mu puts the tail of fry 2,000,000-300 ten thousand, and it is young that soya bean of splashing slurry is bred as crow；
(6) commodity fish culture：
A 1. age fish culture：Mu puts the 3-4cm young summer flower fingerling 4000-5000 tails of incubation crow, covers the white of foster 3-4cm again after 15d
Silver carp summer flower fingerling and each 200-300 tails regulating water quality of variegated carp summer flower fingerling；
2. two age fish cultures：Mu puts 50-60g Jin Xinwu crucian kind 2500-3000 tails, and silver carp and crucian fish are launched again after 15d
Each 200-300 tails regulating water quality of kind.
2. the production of hybrid seeds and the cultural method of Jin Xinwu crucian carps according to claim 1, it is characterised in that four in the step (1)
Times body F2Specifically selected using Erythrocyte measure and flow cytomery technology.
3. the production of hybrid seeds and the cultural method of Jin Xinwu crucian carps according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step (3) is 1.
Oxytocic drug is luteotropin releasing hormone d-ala analog (LHRH-A in step2) and maleic acid DOM (DOM), oxytocic drug dosage
For：Raun is per kg body weight LHRH-A26.0 μ g+DOM3.0mg mixed liquor；Milter is per kg body weight LHRH-A2 9μg+
DOM3.75mg mixed liquor.
4. the production of hybrid seeds and the cultural method of the Jin Xinwu crucian carps according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that the step (3)
1. the injecting method of oxytocic drug is in step：Female milter uses a thoracic cavity base portion shot.
5. the production of hybrid seeds and the cultural method of Jin Xinwu crucian carps according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step (3) is 2.
Dry method fertilization is specifically carried out indoors in step, avoids light direct projection, during ovum artificial collection, is contained with clean ceramic whiteware basin, when adopting
After ovum amount reaches 200g-600g, 5-6 drop milter seminal fluid is squeezed into, the light ceramic whiteware basin that shakes is sufficiently mixed smart ovum, and then plus water stirring is filled
Divide fertilization, and scattered granulating.
6. the production of hybrid seeds of Jin Xinwu crucian carps and cultural method according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that in dry method the time of fertilization,
The water in fish body is dried, ovum is adopted every time and the insemination operating time must not exceed 3min.
7. the production of hybrid seeds and the cultural method of Jin Xinwu crucian carps according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step (5)
Soya bean of splashing is starched：Every mu is used soya bean 1.5-2.0kg daily, and new water 5-10cm was filled per 3-5 days in pond.
8. the production of hybrid seeds and the cultural method of Jin Xinwu crucian carps according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the one of the step (6)
Protein content 38-42% powdery compound feed is fed during age fish culture first, as fish body growth is adjusted to broken in time
Grain feed, day feeding volume is the 14%-5% of pond fish gross weight, during two age fish cultures of the step (6), feeds protein content
30-34% pellet, day feeding volume are the 5%-3% of pond fish gross weight.
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| CN108391608A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-08-14 | 平南县正达种养专业合作社 | A method of improving crucian breeding quality |
| CN110547229A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-10 | 大连海洋大学 | Breeding method of tetraploid fries of brachymystax lenok |
| CN114208732A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-22 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Artificial breeding method of black crucian carps |
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| CN108391608A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-08-14 | 平南县正达种养专业合作社 | A method of improving crucian breeding quality |
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