CN107418480B - 粘着剂、光学用粘着片、偏光板粘着片及液晶单元构件 - Google Patents
粘着剂、光学用粘着片、偏光板粘着片及液晶单元构件 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107418480B CN107418480B CN201710252647.7A CN201710252647A CN107418480B CN 107418480 B CN107418480 B CN 107418480B CN 201710252647 A CN201710252647 A CN 201710252647A CN 107418480 B CN107418480 B CN 107418480B
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- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl ethaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutyl silicate Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropyl silicate Chemical compound CCCO[Si](OCCC)(OCCC)OCCC ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- FRGPKMWIYVTFIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(3-isocyanatopropyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN=C=O FRGPKMWIYVTFIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRSJRHKJPOJTMS-MDZDMXLPSA-N trimethoxy-[(e)-2-phenylethenyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 JRSJRHKJPOJTMS-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBHOBPBLMOUSKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(aziridin-1-yl) phosphate Chemical compound C1CN1OP(ON1CC1)(=O)ON1CC1 MBHOBPBLMOUSKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940116269 uric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
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- G02B5/305—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks including organic materials, e.g. polymeric layers
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- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
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- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
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- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1804—C4-(meth)acrylate, e.g. butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate or tert-butyl (meth)acrylate
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- C09J2301/10—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the structural features of the adhesive tape or sheet
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Abstract
本发明提供一种粘着剂、光学用粘着片、偏光板粘着片及液晶单元构件,所述粘着剂的剥离性优异,在暴露于高温环境下或高温高湿环境下后,难以产生自被粘物的浮起或剥落。本发明的粘着剂包含丙烯酸系共聚物(A)及硬化剂(B),并且丙烯酸系共聚物(A)含有源自(a‑1)(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯单体、(a‑2)(甲基)丙烯酸羟基酯单体、(a‑3)式[I]所表示的单体及(a‑4)式[II]所表示的单体的构成单元,且并不含有含酸性基的单体,重量平均分子量(Mw)与数量平均分子量(Mn)的比(Mw/Mn)为1.5~2.5。式[I]及式[II]中,R1及R2表示氢原子或甲基;n及m为整数,1≤n≤10,1≤m≤10。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种粘着剂、粘着片及液晶单元构件。
背景技术
液晶显示器显示装置被用于液晶电视或个人计算机监视器(personal computermonitor)、智能手机(smartphone)、平板电脑(tablet)等家庭用·业务用电化制品等多种设备中。另外,由于液晶显示器的大型化、触摸屏终端的快速普及,今后也期待大的市场扩大。近年来,液晶显示器也用于汽车导航、车内屏等车载设备,或飞机监视器等飞机装载设备中,需要能够在高温高湿环境等严酷的车内环境下使用的耐久性。在液晶显示器中使用具有多种光学功能的偏光板(膜)或相位差板(膜)、导光板(膜)等光学膜,这些光学膜经由粘着剂而粘贴于液晶单元。
所述偏光板通常是作为偏光元件的聚乙烯醇膜(聚氯乙烯(polyvinyl chloride,PVC)层)由三乙酰基纤维素膜(三乙酰基纤维素(triacetyl cellulose,TAC)层)所夹持的构成的层叠体。这些膜由于具有各自不同的尺寸变化率,因此在放置于高温或高温高湿环境下的情况下,在所述层叠体上会产生翘曲。
例如若将具有偏光板/粘着剂层/液晶单元(液晶单元最上方的表面为玻璃)的构成的液晶单元用构件放置于高温环境下,则存在产生如下问题的情况:产生由偏光板的构成构件间的尺寸变化率所引起的翘曲,偏光板自玻璃上浮起而剥落。另外,由于翘曲,液晶单元用构件的应力分布变得不均匀,应力向液晶单元用构件的周边端部集中,结果存在产生如下问题的情况,即,自液晶单元用构件的四角或周边端部漏出光的所谓“漏光现象”。在高温高湿环境下也同样会产生所述问题。
另外,近年的液晶显示器市场对大型化、薄型化、高视场角化、高对比度化等高功能化的要求增高,在构成显示器的各种材料中必需较以前高的光学特性、耐久性。
例如,在偏光板中,为了抑制高温高湿环境下由水分导致的偏光板劣化(偏光元件的劣化),对以前所使用的三乙酰基纤维素膜的疏水化进行了研究,并推进向降冰片烯树脂膜或甲基丙烯酸甲酯树脂膜、疏水涂布膜等低极性光学膜的置换。但是,这些膜的极性极低,因此在以前所使用的粘着剂中,有对膜表面的密合性差、耐久性存在问题的情况。
另外,在液晶单元中,代替以前的显示方式即扭转向列(Twisted Nematic,TN)显示方式、垂直取向(Vertical Alignment,VA)显示方式而推进向面内切换(In-PlaneSwitching,IPS)显示方式的转换。在IPS显示方式中,液晶取向是在水平方向上配置于显示器画面,可期待视场角的提高。在作为以前的显示装置的、用于TN显示方式、VA显示方式的液晶单元中通常具有以下结构:利用间隔件(spacer),对形成了取向层的两块透明电极基板以所述取向层为内侧的方式进行配置,将其周边密封而使液晶材料夹持于所述间隙中,并且,在所述两块透明电极基板的外侧表面,分别经由粘着剂层而配设有偏光板。因此,与粘着剂相接的面为玻璃。另一方面,在IPS显示方式中具有以下结构:透明电极基板并非用于液晶单元内部,而是以取向层为外侧的方式设置于液晶单元最上方的表面,在透明电极基板的取向层上经由粘着剂层配设有偏光板。因此,与粘着剂相接的面为透明电极基板。因此,粘着剂中必需相对于透明电极而言的耐腐蚀性,从而实质上不可使用由含酸性基的单体构成的粘着剂。目前,为了确保耐久性而使用含有含酸性基的单体的粘着剂,但相对于透明电极而言的耐腐蚀性并不充分。
另一方面,在液晶显示器的制造步骤中,当将偏光板贴合于液晶单元等的光学零件上时,在贴合位置产生了偏移的情况等下,会在贴合后经过一定时间之后将偏光板剥离,并对昂贵的液晶单元在不造成缺损地情况下进行回收再利用。因此,对粘着剂要求如下特性(再加工性):自粘贴起经过一定时间后,可将偏光板自液晶单元上再剥离。进而,伴随近年来液晶单元的轻量化,所使用的玻璃也较以前更加薄型化,容易产生回收时的缺损。
为了解决这些问题,专利文献1中公开了如下技术:通过使用由脂环式单体及含官能基的单体构成的粘着剂,来改善对低极性膜的密合性。但是,专利文献1记载的粘着剂不仅对低极性膜的密合性高,对玻璃的密合性也高,从而存在不具有充分的再剥离性(再加工性)的问题。另外,所使用的含官能基的单体的使用量过多,因此存在如下问题:当放置于高温高湿环境下时会产生漏光、浮起、剥落。
另外,专利文献2中公开了如下技术:通过使用由脂环式单体及作为含酸性基的单体的(甲基)丙烯酸单体构成的粘着剂,来提高对透明导电膜的密合性。但是,专利文献2记载的粘着剂含有含酸性基的单体,因此存在如下问题:在粘贴于透明导电膜时,因耐腐蚀性不充分而产生电阻值的上升或外观不良等电极腐蚀。
另外,专利文献3中公开了如下技术:通过使用将高分子量的丙烯酸系共聚物与低分子量的丙烯酸系共聚物掺合而成的粘着剂,来提高再加工性。但是,专利文献3记载的粘着剂虽具有优异的再加工性,但存在如下问题:当长期放置于高温高湿环境下时会产生剥落。
另外,专利文献4中公开了如下技术:通过将具有含活性氢的官能基的聚合物与具有异氰酸酯基的聚合物掺合,来改善偏光板与玻璃的密合性,并使耐久性提升。但是,专利文献4记载的粘着剂的分散度(Mw/Mn)广,为3~50,因此存在如下问题:无法获得充分的凝聚力,当长期放置于高温高湿环境下时会产生剥落。
另一方面,专利文献5中公开了如下技术:通过使用包含含芳香环的单体、含羟基的单体及含羧基或氨基的单体的粘着剂,来防止高湿热条件下的剥落或发泡。但是,专利文献5记载的粘着剂的分散度(Mw/Mn)广,为10~50,因此存在如下问题:无法获得充分的凝聚力,当长期放置于高温高湿环境下时会产生剥落。另外存在如下问题:对玻璃等极性基材的密合性过高,因此再加工性差。
另外,专利文献6中公开了如下技术:在具有粘着剂及盘状液晶层的粘着型光学膜中抑制显示不均,所述粘着剂包含具有环结构的单体及交联剂。但是,专利文献6记载的粘着剂的凝聚力虽充分但柔软性并不充分,从而存在如下问题:当长期放置于高温高湿环境下时会产生剥落。
另外,专利文献7中公开了如下技术:通过并用重量平均分子量(Mw)为50~300万的(甲基)丙烯酸酯聚合物、与重量平均分子量(Mw)为8000~30万的(甲基)丙烯酸酯聚合物,来兼具漏光性与耐久性。但是,专利文献7记载的粘着剂的柔软性虽充分但凝聚力不充分,从而存在如下问题:当长期放置于高温高湿环境下时会产生剥落。
[现有技术文献]
[专利文献]
[专利文献1]日本专利特开2005-053976号公报
[专利文献2]日本专利特开2012-201877号公报
[专利文献3]日本专利特开2013-10838号公报
[专利文献4]日本专利特开2015-205974号公报
[专利文献5]日本专利特开2007-138056号公报
[专利文献6]日本专利特开2008-170949号公报
[专利文献7]日本专利特开2013-10835号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
本发明所欲解决的课题是为了解决所述诸多问题,目的为提供一种粘着剂及使用其的粘着片,所述粘着剂当用于以光学膜为基材的粘着片时,剥离性优异,在暴露于高温环境下或高温高湿环境下后,难以产生自被粘物的浮起或剥落。进而,目的为提供一种粘着片,所述粘着片当粘贴于透明导电膜或金属电路等导电构件时,不会引起电极腐蚀所致的动作不良等,即便在高温或高温高湿条件下也难以产生发泡或剥落。进而,目的为提供一种具有良好的粘着力并且不会污染导电构件的粘着剂及使用其的偏光板粘着片,所述粘着剂当用于偏光板固定用途时,漏光极少,即便在暴露于高温高湿环境下的情况下,也能够维持高透明性。
解决问题的技术手段
本发明人等人为了解决所述课题而进行了努力研究,结果发现通过使用含有特定的单体单元且具有特定的分散度的丙烯酸系共聚物而有能够解决所述课题的显著效果,最终达成了本发明。
本发明涉及一种粘着剂,其包含丙烯酸系共聚物(A)及硬化剂(B),其中:丙烯酸系共聚物(A)至少含有源自下述(a-1)~(a-4)所表示的单体的构成单元,且并不含有源自含酸性基的单体的构成单元,重量平均分子量(Mw)与数量平均分子量(Mn)的比即分散度(Mw/Mn)为1.5~2.5。
(a-1)(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯单体
(a-2)(甲基)丙烯酸羟基酯单体
(a-3)下述式[I]所表示的单体
(a-4)下述式[II]所表示的单体
[化1]
(式中,R1及R2表示氢原子或甲基;n及m为表示重复单元的整数,1≤n≤10,1≤m≤10)
另外,本发明涉及所述粘着剂,其中:所述丙烯酸系共聚物(A)包含(a-1)为69质量%~93.9质量%、(a-2)为0.1质量%~0.8质量%、(a-3)为5质量%~20质量%、(a-4)为1质量%~10质量%的构成单元。
另外,本发明涉及所述粘着剂,其中:所述硬化剂(B)为异氰酸酯系化合物。
另外,本发明涉及所述粘着剂,其中:进而包含有机硅烷化合物(C)。
另外,本发明涉及一种光学用粘着片,其包括以下构件而成:光学膜、以及包含所述粘着剂的粘着剂层。
另外,本发明涉及一种偏光板粘着片,其包括以下构件而成:偏光板、以及包含所述粘着剂的粘着剂层。
另外,本发明涉及一种液晶单元构件,其包括以下构件而成:玻璃构件、以及包含所述粘着剂的粘着剂层。
发明的效果
通过本发明,能够提供一种粘着剂及使用其的光学粘着片、偏光板粘着片,所述粘着剂的剥离性优异,在暴露于高温环境下或高温高湿环境下后,难以产生自光学构件的浮起或剥落,进而不会产生导电构件的电阻值劣化。
具体实施方式
以下,对本发明进行详细说明。此外,本说明书中,所谓(甲基)丙烯酸酯是指丙烯酸酯及甲基丙烯酸酯的总称。
本发明的粘着剂为包含丙烯酸系共聚物(A)及硬化剂(B)而成的粘着剂,其中:丙烯酸系共聚物(A)并不含有源自含酸性基的单体的构成单元。
<丙烯酸系共聚物(A)>
本说明书中的丙烯酸系共聚物(A)的特征在于:至少含有源自单体(a-1)~单体(a-4)所表示的单体的构成单元。
本说明书中的丙烯酸系共聚物(A)可通过将含有(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯单体(a-1)、(甲基)丙烯酸羟基酯单体(a-2)、式[I]所表示的单体(a-3)、式[II]所表示的单体(a-4)的单体混合物加以共聚合而获得。
本说明书中的粘着剂包含(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯单体(a-1)单元(以下,有时略记为单体(a-1))。通过使用单体(a-1),粘着剂的柔软性提高,可获得基材密合性良好的粘着剂层,能够抑制暴露于高温环境下或高温高湿环境下时的浮起及剥落。
单体(a-1)具体而言可列举:(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸戊酯、(甲基)丙烯酸己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸庚酯、(甲基)丙烯酸辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯等。
这些单体(a-1)中,就凝聚力及高温环境下的耐久性的观点而言,优选为丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸异丁酯、甲基丙烯酸异丁酯、丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯。
单体(a-1)优选为在丙烯酸系共聚物(A)中,作为构成共聚物的单体单元而包含69质量%~93.9质量%,更优选为75质量%~90质量%。通过含量成为69质量%以上,可获得充分的凝聚力。另外,通过含量成为93.9质量%以下,容易兼具凝聚力与应力缓和性。
本说明书中的粘着剂包含(甲基)丙烯酸羟基酯单体(a-2)单元(以下,有时略记为单体(a-2))。通过使用单体(a-2),粘着剂形成聚合物网络,可获得具有充分的凝聚力的粘着剂层,有助于浮起及剥落的抑制、漏光的抑制。
单体(a-2)具体而言可列举:(甲基)丙烯酸-2-羟基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-羟基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-3-羟基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-羟基丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-3-羟基丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-4-羟基丁酯等。
这些单体(a-2)中,就基材密合性、高温环境下及高温高湿环境下的耐久性的观点而言,优选为:丙烯酸-2-羟基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-羟基乙酯、丙烯酸-4-羟基丁酯。
单体(a-2)优选为在丙烯酸系共聚物(A)中,作为构成共聚物的单体单元而包含0.1质量%~0.8质量%,更优选为0.2质量%~0.6质量%。通过含量成为0.1质量%以上,可获得充分的凝聚力。另外,通过含量成为0.8质量%以下,容易兼具凝聚力与应力缓和性。
本说明书中的粘着剂包含式[I]所表示的单体(a-3)单元(以下,有时略记为单体(a-3))。通过使用单体(a-3),粘着剂的凝聚力提高,可获得强韧的粘着剂层,能够抑制暴露于高温环境下或高温高湿环境下时的浮起及剥落。式[I]中,n为表示重复单元的整数,1≤n≤10,优选为1≤n≤5。
单体(a-3)具体而言可列举:(甲基)丙烯酸-2-苯氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-(2-苯氧基乙氧基)乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-[2-(2-苯氧基乙氧基)乙氧基]乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-[2-[2-(2-苯氧基乙氧基)乙氧基]乙氧基]乙酯、环氧乙烷改性壬基苯酚的(甲基)丙烯酸酯等。
这些单体(a-3)中,优选为丙烯酸-2-苯氧基乙酯(PEA:所述式[I]中,R1为氢原子,n为1)、甲基丙烯酸-2-苯氧基乙酯(PEMA:所述式[I]中,R1为甲基,n为1)、丙烯酸-2-(2-苯氧基乙氧基)乙酯(PEEA:所述式[I]中,R1为氢原子,n为2)。
单体(a-3)优选为在丙烯酸系共聚物(A)中,作为构成共聚物的单体单元而包含5质量%~20质量%,更优选为8质量%~18质量%。通过含量成为5质量%以上,可获得充分的凝聚力。另外,通过含量成为20质量%以下,容易兼具凝聚力与应力缓和性。
本说明书中的粘着剂包含式[II]所表示的单体(a-4)单元(以下,有时略记为单体(a-4))。通过使用单体(a-4),粘着剂的柔软性提高,可获得密合性优异的粘着剂层,能够抑制暴露于高温环境下或高温高湿环境下时的浮起及剥落。式[Ⅱ]中,m为表示重复单元的整数,1≤m≤10,优选为1≤m≤5的范围内的整数。
单体(a-4)具体而言可列举:(甲基)丙烯酸-2-甲氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-[2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基]乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-[2-[2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基]乙氧基]乙酯、甲氧基聚乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯等。
这些单体(a-4)中,优选为丙烯酸-2-甲氧基乙酯(所述式[II]中,R2为氢原子,m为1)、甲基丙烯酸-2-甲氧基乙酯(所述式[II]中,R2为甲基,m为1)、丙烯酸-2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙酯(所述式[II]中,R2为氢原子,m为2)。
单体(a-4)优选为在丙烯酸系共聚物(A)中,作为构成共聚物的单体单元而包含1质量%~10质量%,更优选为1质量%~5质量%。通过含量成为1质量%以上,可获得充分的密合性。另外,通过含量成为10质量%以下,容易兼具密合性与再剥离性。
本说明书中的丙烯酸系共聚物(A)的特征在于并不含有源自含酸性基的单体的构成单元作为构成的单体单元。由于并不含有源自含酸性基的单体的构成单元,因此当粘贴于导电构件时,可获得防止金属腐蚀的效果,能够防止电极电阻值的上升或外观不良。
本说明书中,所谓含酸性基的单体,是指含羧基的单体、含磺基的单体、含磷酸基的单体。
作为构成丙烯酸系共聚物(A)的单体单元,所述以外可使用的其他单体可列举含有环氧基的单体、含有氨基的单体、乙酸乙烯酯、丁烯酸乙烯酯、苯乙烯、丙烯腈等,只要能够进行共聚合即可,并不特别限定于这些单体。
含有环氧基的单体例如可列举:(甲基)丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、(甲基)丙烯酸甲基缩水甘油酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-3,4-环氧基环己基甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-6-甲基-3,4-环氧基环己基甲酯等。
含有氨基的单体例如可列举:(甲基)丙烯酸单甲基氨基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸单乙基氨基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸单甲基氨基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸单乙基氨基丙酯等(甲基)丙烯酸单烷基氨基酯等。
其他的乙烯基系单体可单独使用或者并用两种以上这些单体。
其他的乙烯基系单体优选为在丙烯酸系共聚物中,作为构成共聚物的单体单元而包含0.1质量%~10质量%,更优选为0.2质量%~5质量%。若含量成为0.1质量%以上,则凝聚力进一步提高。另外,若含量成为10质量%以下,则容易兼具凝聚力与应力缓和性。
丙烯酸系共聚物(A)的重量平均分子量优选为120万~180万,更优选为130万~160万。通过在120万~180万的范围内,凝聚力进一步提高,因此可进一步抑制浮起及剥落,应力缓和性也进一步提高。另外,丙烯酸系共聚物(A)的分子量分布(表示重量平均分子量(Mw)与数量平均分子量(Mn)的比率的分子量分布(Mw/Mn))为1.5~2.5的范围,更优选为1.8~2.3的范围。通过在所述范围内,难以产生浮起及剥落,粘着力进一步提高。此外,所述重量平均分子量及数量平均分子量为利用凝胶渗透色谱(gel permeationchromatography,GPC)法来测定的聚苯乙烯换算的值。GPC的测定法的详情记载于实施例中。
丙烯酸系共聚物(A)可通过将单体混合物聚合而获得。聚合可为溶液聚合、块状聚合、乳化聚合、悬浮聚合等公知的聚合方法,优选为溶液聚合。溶液聚合中使用的溶媒优选为丙酮、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、甲苯、二甲苯、苯甲醚、甲基乙基酮、环己酮等。聚合温度优选为60℃~120℃的沸点反应,聚合时间优选为5小时~12小时。
聚合引发剂优选为自由基聚合引发剂。自由基聚合引发剂若为可在聚合温度下产生自由基的化合物,则并无特别限制,可使用过氧化物及偶氮化合物等公知的化合物。
过氧化物例如可列举:二-叔丁基过氧化物、二枯基过氧化物、叔丁基枯基过氧化物、α,α′-双(叔丁基过氧化-间异丙基)苯、2,5-二(叔丁基过氧化)己炔-3等二烷基过氧化物类;
过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯、过氧化乙酸叔丁酯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(苯甲酰基过氧化)己烷等过氧化酯类;
环己酮过氧化物、3,3,5-三甲基环己酮过氧化物、甲基环己酮过氧化物等酮过氧化物类;
2,2-双(4,4-二-叔丁基过氧化环己基)丙烷、1,1-双(叔丁基过氧化)3,3,5-三甲基环己烷、1,1-双(叔丁基过氧化)环己烷、正丁基-4,4-双(叔丁基过氧化)戊酸酯等过氧化缩酮类;
枯烯氢过氧化物、二异丙基苯氢过氧化物、2,5-二甲基环己烷-2,5-二氢过氧化物等氢过氧化物类;
苯甲酰基过氧化物、癸酰基过氧化物、月桂酰基过氧化物、2,4-二氯苯甲酰基过氧化物等二酰基过氧化物类;
双(叔丁基环己基)过氧化二碳酸酯等过氧化二碳酸酯类等有机过氧化物、或这些的混合物。
偶氮化合物例如可使用:2,2′-偶氮双异丁腈(2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile,略称:AIBN)、2,2′-偶氮双(2-甲基丁腈)等2,2′-偶氮双丁腈类;
2,2′-偶氮双(4-甲氧基-2,4-二甲基戊腈)、2,2′-偶氮双(2,4-二甲基戊腈)等2,2′-偶氮双戊腈类;
2,2′-偶氮双(2-羟基甲基丙腈)等2,2′-偶氮双丙腈类;
1,1′-偶氮双(环己烷-1-甲腈)等1,1′-偶氮双-1-烷烃腈类等。
聚合引发剂可单独使用或者并用两种以上。
聚合引发剂优选为相对于所述单体混合物100质量份而使用0.01质量份~10质量份,更优选为0.1质量份~2质量份。
<硬化剂(B)>
继而,对硬化剂进行说明。通过使用硬化剂,粘着剂层的凝聚力提高,能够抑制暴露于高温环境下或高温高湿环境下时的浮起及剥落。特别是在丙烯酸系共聚物(A)含有含反应性官能基的单体单元作为构成丙烯酸系共聚物(A)的单体单元情况下,与基础聚合物的反应性官能基进行交联反应,形成树脂网络,由此可获得抑制浮起及剥落、抑制漏光、及即便在暴露于高温高湿环境下的情况下也可维持高透明性的效果。
硬化剂可列举:异氰酸酯系化合物、环氧化合物、氮丙啶化合物、含酸酐基的化合物、碳二酰亚胺化合物、含N-羟甲基的化合物以及金属螯合物化合物等。
所述异氰酸酯系化合物具体而言为具有2个以上的异氰酸酯基的异氰酸酯单体,具体而言优选为:芳香族聚异氰酸酯、脂肪族聚异氰酸酯、芳香脂肪族聚异氰酸酯、脂环族聚异氰酸酯等异氰酸酯单体,以及缩二脲体、脲酸酯体及加合物。
芳香族聚异氰酸酯例如可列举:1,3-苯二异氰酸酯、4,4′-二苯基二异氰酸酯、1,4-苯二异氰酸酯、4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯、2,6-甲苯二异氰酸酯、4,4′-甲苯胺二异氰酸酯、2,4,6-三异氰酸酯甲苯、1,3,5-三异氰酸酯苯、联茴香胺二异氰酸酯、4,4′-二苯基醚二异氰酸酯、4,4′,4″-三苯基甲烷三异氰酸酯等。
脂肪族聚异氰酸酯例如可列举:三亚甲基二异氰酸酯、四亚甲基二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(hexamethylene diisocyanate,别名:HMDI)、五亚甲基二异氰酸酯、1,2-亚丙基二异氰酸酯、2,3-亚丁基二异氰酸酯、1,3-亚丁基二异氰酸酯、十二亚甲基二异氰酸酯、2,4,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯等。
芳香脂肪族聚异氰酸酯例如可列举:ω,ω′-二异氰酸酯-1,3-二甲基苯、ω,ω′-二异氰酸酯-1,4-二甲基苯、ω,ω′-二异氰酸酯-1,4-二乙基苯、1,4-四甲基苯二甲基二异氰酸酯、1,3-四甲基苯二甲基二异氰酸酯等。
脂环族聚异氰酸酯例如可列举:3-异氰酸酯基甲基-3,5,5-三甲基环己基异氰酸酯(别名:IPDI,异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(isophorone diisocyanate))、1,3-环戊烷二异氰酸酯、1,3-环己烷二异氰酸酯、1,4-环己烷二异氰酸酯、甲基-2,4-环己烷二异氰酸酯、甲基-2,6-环己烷二异氰酸酯、4,4′-亚甲基双(环己基异氰酸酯)、1,4-双(异氰酸酯基甲基)环己烷等。
缩二脲体是指异氰酸酯单体进行自缩合而成的具有缩二脲键的自缩合物。具体而言,例如可列举六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的缩二脲体等。
脲酸酯体是指异氰酸酯单体的三聚物,例如可列举:六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的三聚物、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯的三聚物、甲苯二异氰酸酯的三聚物等。
加合物是指异氰酸酯单体与二官能以上的含活性氢的低分子化合物进行反应而成的二官能以上的异氰酸酯化合物,例如可列举:使三羟甲基丙烷与六亚甲基二异氰酸酯进行反应而成的化合物、使三羟甲基丙烷与甲苯二异氰酸酯进行反应而成的化合物、使三羟甲基丙烷与苯二甲基二异氰酸酯进行反应而成的化合物、使三羟甲基丙烷与异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯进行反应而成的化合物、使1,6-己二醇与六亚甲基二异氰酸酯进行反应而成的化合物等。
二官能以上的含活性氢的低分子化合物例如可列举:乙二醇、丙二醇、二乙二醇、丁二醇、1,6-己二醇、3-甲基-1,5-戊二醇、3,3′-二羟甲基庚烷、2-甲基-1,8-辛二醇、3,3′-二羟甲基庚烷、2-丁基-2-乙基-1,3-丙二醇、聚氧乙二醇(环氧乙烷的加成摩尔数为10以下)、聚氧丙二醇(环氧丙烷的加成摩尔数为10以下)、1,4-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,8-辛二醇、1,9-壬二醇、新戊二醇、丁基乙基戊二醇、2-乙基-1,3-己二醇、环己二醇、环己烷二甲醇,三环癸烷二甲醇、环戊二烯二甲醇、二聚物二醇等脂肪族或脂环族二醇类;
1,3-双(2-羟基乙氧基)苯、1,2-双(2-羟基乙氧基)苯、1,4-双(2-羟基乙氧基)苯、4,4′-亚甲基二苯酚、4,4′-(2-亚降冰片基)二苯酚、4,4′-二羟基联苯酚、邻二羟基苯、间二羟基苯、及对二羟基苯、4,4′-亚异丙基苯酚,或者双酚A或双酚F等使双酚类中加成环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷等环氧烷而成的双酚类等芳香族二醇类;
1,1,1-三羟甲基丙烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基丁烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基戊烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基己烷、1,1,l-三羟甲基庚烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基辛烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基壬烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基癸烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基十一烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基十二烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基十三烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基十四烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基十五烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基十六烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基十七烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基十八烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基十九烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基-仲丁烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基-叔戊烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基-叔壬烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基-叔十三烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基-叔十七烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基-2-甲基-己烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基-3-甲基-己烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基-2-乙基-己烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基-3-乙基-己烷、1,1,1-三羟甲基异十七烷等三羟甲基分支烷烃类,三羟甲基丁烯、三羟甲基庚烯、三羟甲基戊烯、三羟甲基己烯、三羟甲基庚烯、三羟甲基辛烯、三羟甲基癸烯、三羟甲基十二烯、三羟甲基十三烯、三羟甲基十五烯、三羟甲基十六烯、三羟甲基十七烯、三羟甲基十八烯、1,2,6-丁三醇、1,2,4-丁三醇、甘油等三官能多元醇类;
季戊四醇、二季戊四醇、山梨糖醇、木糖醇等四官能以上的多元醇类;
乙二胺、丙二胺、丁二胺、戊二胺、己二胺、庚二胺、辛二胺、壬二胺、二氨基二环己基甲烷、3-氨基甲基-3,5,5-三甲基环己胺、1,3-双(氨基甲基)环己烷、三亚乙基四胺、二亚乙基三胺、三氨基丙烷等脂肪族多胺类;
苯二胺、甲苯二胺、二氨基二苯基甲烷、二氨基二苯基醚等芳香族多胺类;
乙二硫醇、丙二硫醇、丁二硫醇、戊二硫醇、己二硫醇、庚二硫醇、辛二硫醇、壬二硫醇、二巯基二环己基甲烷、3-巯基甲基-3,5,5-三甲基环己基硫醇、1,3-双(巯基甲基)环己烷、1,4-双(3-巯基丁酰氧基)丁烷、季戊四醇四(3-巯基丁酸酯)等多硫醇类。
这些多官能含活性氢的低分子化合物可单独使用或者并用两种以上。
就形成充分的交联结构的观点而言,异氰酸酯系化合物优选为三官能的异氰酸酯化合物,更优选为作为异氰酸酯单体与三官能的含活性氢的低分子化合物的反应物的加合物。具体而言优选为:六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的三羟甲基丙烷加合物、甲苯二异氰酸酯的三羟甲基丙烷加合物、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯的三羟甲基丙烷加合物、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯的脲酸酯体、苯二甲基二异氰酸酯的三羟甲基丙烷加合物,进而优选为:甲苯二异氰酸酯的三羟甲基丙烷的加合物、苯二甲基二异氰酸酯的三羟甲基丙烷加合物等芳香脂肪族系聚异氰酸酯化合物。这些聚异氰酸酯化合物可单独使用或并用两种以上。
环氧化合物例如可列举:双酚A-表氯醇型的环氧系树脂、乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、聚乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、甘油二缩水甘油醚、甘油三缩水甘油醚、1,6-己二醇二缩水甘油醚、三羟甲基丙烷三缩水甘油醚、二缩水甘油基苯胺、N,N,N′,N′-四缩水甘油基-间苯二甲基二胺、1,3-双(N,N′-二缩水甘油基氨基甲基)环己烷、N,N,N′,N′-四缩水甘油基氨基苯基甲烷等。
氮丙啶化合物例如可列举:N,N′-二苯基甲烷-4,4′-双(1-氮丙啶羰基化物)、N,N′-甲苯-2,4-双(1-氮丙啶羰基化物)、双间苯二甲酰基-1-(2-甲基氮丙啶)、三-1-氮丙啶基氧化膦、N,N′-六亚甲基-1,6-双(1-氮丙啶羰基化物)、2,2′-双羟基甲基丁醇-三[3-(1-氮丙啶基)丙酸酯]、三羟甲基丙烷三-β-氮丙啶基丙酸酯、四羟甲基甲烷三-β-氮丙啶基丙酸酯、三-2,4,6-(1-氮丙啶基)-1,3,5-三嗪、4,4′-双(亚乙基亚氨基羰基氨基)二苯基甲烷等。
碳二酰亚胺化合物可列举:通过在碳二酰亚胺化催化剂的存在下,使二异氰酸酯化合物进行脱羧(decarboxylation)缩合反应而生成的高分子量聚碳二酰亚胺。此种高分子量聚碳二酰亚胺可列举日清纺绩股份有限公司的卡博迪莱特(Carbodilite)系列。其中,卡博迪莱特(Carbodilite)V-01、03、05、07、09与有机溶剂的相容性优异,故而优选。
含酸酐基的化合物为具有2个以上的羧酸酐基的化合物且并无特别限定,优选为:四羧酸二酐、六羧酸三酐、六羧酸二酐、顺丁烯二酸酐共聚合树脂等。此外,反应中可经由脱水反应而成为酐的聚羧酸、聚羧酸酯、聚羧酸半酯等包含于本发明的“含酸酐基的化合物”中。
四羧酸二酐例如可列举:均苯四甲酸酐、二苯甲酮四羧酸二酐、联苯基四羧酸二酐、氧双邻苯二甲酸二酐、二苯基砜四羧酸二酐、二苯基硫醚四羧酸二酐、丁烷四羧酸二酐、苝四羧酸二酐、萘四羧酸二酐等。
金属螯合物化合物例如可列举:铝、铁、铜、锌、锡、钛、镍、锑、镁、钒、铬及锆等多价金属,与乙酰基丙酮或乙酰乙酸乙酯的配位化合物等。具体而言可列举:乙基乙酰乙酸·二异丙醇铝、三乙酰基丙酮酸铝、双乙基乙酰乙酸·单乙酰基丙酮酸铝、烷基乙酰乙酸·二异丙醇铝。
这些硬化剂可单独使用或并用两种以上。
这些硬化剂中,就兼具基材密合性与再剥离性的观点而言,优选为聚异氰酸酯系化合物。
硬化剂优选为在丙烯酸系聚合物100质量份中含有0.05质量份~20质量份以下,更优选为含有0.1质量份~15质量份以下。通过含量成为0.05质量份以上,凝聚力进一步提高。通过含量成为20质量份以下,容易兼具凝聚力与应力缓和性。
<有机硅烷化合物(C)>
出于提高耐湿热性的目的,本发明的粘着剂还可包含有机硅烷化合物(C)(以下,有时略记为化合物(C))。有机硅烷化合物(C)通过与基材表面形成共价键、氢键而有助于浮起及剥落的抑制、漏光的抑制。
有机硅烷化合物(C)可使用公知的化合物,例如可列举:3-(甲基)丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-(甲基)丙烯酰氧基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、3-(甲基)丙烯酰氧基丙基三丙氧基硅烷、3-(甲基)丙烯酰氧基丙基三丁氧基硅烷、3-(甲基)丙烯酰氧基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、3-(甲基)丙烯酰氧基丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷等具有(甲基)丙烯酰氧基的烷氧基硅烷化合物;
乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三异丙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三丁氧基硅烷、乙烯基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基甲基二乙氧基硅烷等具有乙烯基的烷氧基硅烷化合物;
3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、3-氨基丙基三丙氧基硅烷、3-氨基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、3-氨基丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷、N-(2-氨基乙基)-3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-(2-氨基乙基)-3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、N-(2-氨基乙基)-3-氨基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、N-(2-氨基乙基)-3-氨基丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷、N-苯基-3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷等具有氨基的烷氧基硅烷化合物;
3-巯基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-巯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、3-巯基丙基三丙氧基硅烷、3-巯基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、3-巯基丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷等具有巯基的烷氧基硅烷化合物;
3-缩水甘油氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-缩水甘油氧基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、3-缩水甘油氧基丙基三丙氧基硅烷、3-缩水甘油氧基丙基三丁氧基硅烷、3-缩水甘油氧基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、3-缩水甘油氧基丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷、2-(3,4-环氧基环己基)乙基三甲氧基硅烷等具有环氧基的烷氧基硅烷化合物;
四甲氧基硅烷、四乙氧基硅烷、四丙氧基硅烷、四丁氧基硅烷等四烷氧基硅烷化合物;
3-氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷、正己基三甲氧基硅烷、正己基三乙氧基硅烷、正癸基三甲氧基硅烷、正癸基三乙氧基硅烷、苯乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、苯基三甲氧基硅烷、二苯基二甲氧基硅烷、3-三乙氧基硅烷基-N-(1,3-二甲基亚丁基)丙基胺、1,3,5-三(3-三甲氧基硅烷基丙基)异氰脲酸酯、3-异氰酸酯基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-异氰酸酯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、六甲基二硅氮烷、分子内具有烷氧基硅烷基的硅酮树脂等。
所述有机硅烷化合物(C)优选为相对于丙烯酸系共聚物(A)100质量份而使用0.01质量份~2质量份,更优选为0.05质量份~1质量份的范围。
本发明的粘着剂中,若为不损及本发明效果的范围,则可调配作为任意成分的各种树脂、油、软化剂、染料、颜料、抗氧化剂、紫外线吸收剂、耐候稳定剂、塑化剂、填充剂、抗老化剂及抗静电剂等。
本发明的粘着剂除了适合作为对导电构件的光学膜贴附固定用粘着剂以外,也可非常有用地用作:各种塑料片、一般标签·片、涂料、弹性壁材、涂膜防水材、地板材、粘着性赋予剂、粘着剂、层叠结构体用粘着剂、密封剂、成形材料、表面改质用涂布剂、粘合剂(磁性记录介质、墨水粘合剂、铸件粘合剂、烧结砖(burnt brick)粘合剂、接枝材、微胶囊、玻璃纤维上浆剂(glass fibre sizing)等)、氨基甲酸酯发泡体(硬质、半硬质、软质)、氨基甲酸酯反应射出成型(Reaction Injection Molding,RIM)、紫外线(ultraviolet,UV)·电子束(electron beam,EB)硬化树脂、高固体涂料(high solid paint)、热硬化型弹性体、微蜂窝(microcellular)、纤维加工剂、塑化剂、吸音材料、阻尼材料、表面活性剂、凝胶涂布剂、人工大理石用树脂、人工大理石用耐冲击性赋予剂、墨水用树脂、膜(层压粘着剂、保护膜等)、夹层玻璃(laminated glass)用树脂、反应性稀释剂、各种成形材料、弹性纤维、人工皮革、合成皮革等原料,另外,也可用作各种树脂添加剂及其原料等。
<光学用粘着片>
本发明的光学粘着片包括光学膜、以及包含本发明的粘着剂的粘着剂层。所述粘着片例如是通过在基材上涂敷粘着剂并干燥,形成粘着剂层而获得。另外,通过在剥离性片涂敷粘着剂并干燥而形成粘着剂层,贴合基材而获得所述粘着片。此外,粘着剂层只要设置于基材的至少一面即可。另外,本发明中,片、膜及带为同义语。另外,当然在粘着剂层的不与基材接触的面上贴合剥离性片。
当涂敷粘着剂时,可添加适当的液状介质,例如:甲苯、二甲苯、己烷、庚烷等烃系溶剂;乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯等酯系溶剂;丙酮、甲基乙基酮等酮系溶剂;二氯甲烷、氯仿等卤化烃系溶剂;二乙醚、甲氧基甲苯、二噁烷等醚系溶剂,其他的烃系溶剂等有机溶剂,来调整粘度。另外,也可对粘着剂进行加热而使粘度下降。
基材可使用各种光学膜。另外,基材也优选为单独或层叠有多个基材的构成。
具体而言可列举:聚乙烯醇或三乙酰基纤维素、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚环烯烃、亚乙基-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物等聚烯烃树脂,聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯,聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯,聚萘二甲酸乙二酯等聚酯树脂,聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯等聚丙烯酸树脂,聚碳酸酯树脂、聚降冰片烯树脂、聚芳酯树脂、聚苯硫醚树脂、聚苯乙烯树脂、聚酰胺系树脂、聚酰亚胺系树脂、环氧系树脂等。
本发明中,粘着剂可利用公知的方法来涂敷。例如可列举:迈耶棒(Meyer bar)、敷料器(applicator)、毛刷、喷射、辊、凹版涂布机、模式涂布机、唇式涂布机、缺角轮涂布机、刮刀涂布机、反向涂布机、旋转涂布机等。对干燥方法并无特别限制,可列举利用热风干燥、红外线或减压法的方法。干燥条件通常可为60℃~160℃左右的热风加热。
粘着剂层的厚度优选为0.1μm~300μm,更优选为1μm~100μm。在不满0.1μm的情况下,有时无法获得充分的粘着力,且即便超过300μm,粘着力等性能也不会进一步提高的情况多。
本发明的光学用粘着片可适合用于光学构件的贴合。即优选为在基材上使用光学构件。光学构件具体而言可列举:偏光板、相位差膜、椭圆偏光膜、抗反射膜、亮度提高膜等。
在基材上使用光学构件的本发明的光学粘着片也优选为粘贴于液晶单元的玻璃构件上而用作液晶单元构件。在所述光学构件为偏光板的情况下,当放置于高温环境及高温高湿环境下时,粘着剂层由于应力缓和性良好,故而也能够抑制由偏光板的翘曲所引起的漏光。
本发明的粘着剂将所形成的粘着剂层层叠于以光学膜为首的光学构件、及氧化铟锡(indium tin oxide,ITO)等透明导电膜或金属电路等所代表的导电构件上,从而可用于光学膜与导电构件的粘贴用途。本发明的层叠体是将包含本发明的粘着剂的粘着剂层层叠于任意的导电构件上而成。特别是就耐腐蚀性的观点而言,有效的是在ITO等透明导电膜或金属电路等的导电构件上层叠粘着剂层而成的构成。在粘着剂层的另一面能够以使用时容易剥离的方式层叠其表面经剥离处理的片状基材。
所述层叠体例如可通过如下方式获得:(a)在经剥离处理的片状基材的剥离处理面涂敷粘着剂组合物并干燥,将以各种光学膜或偏光板为首的光学构件层叠于粘着剂层的表面(转印涂敷);(b)在以各种光学膜或偏光板为首的光学构件上涂敷粘着剂组合物并干燥,在粘着剂层的表面层叠经剥离处理的片状基材的剥离处理面(直接涂敷)。
例如,自“经剥离处理的片状基材/粘着剂层/光学构件”这一构成的层叠体剥落覆盖粘着剂层的表面的经剥离处理的片状基材,并将粘着剂层粘贴于导电构件,由此可获得“光学构件/粘着剂层/导电构件”这一构成的液晶单元用构件。
另外,本发明的光学用粘着片或层叠体的用途并无特别限定,也可适用于液晶显示器、等离子显示器、触摸屏面板(touchscreen panel)、电极周边构件等各种电子学相关的构件或保护膜用途。
[实施例]
其次,示出实施例以更详细地进行说明,但本发明并不由这些实施例限定。例中,只要事先无特别说明,则所谓“份”表示“质量份”,所谓“%”表示“质量%”。
<合成例1:丙烯酸系共聚物>
在具备搅拌机、温度计、回流冷却管、滴加装置、氮导入管的反应容器(以下,仅称为“反应容器”)中,投入82.45份的丙烯酸甲酯(MA)、0.05份的丙烯酸-2-羟基乙酯(HEA)、12.5份的丙烯酸-2-苯氧基乙酯(PEA,相当于式[I]中,R1为氢原子,n为1)、5份的丙烯酸-2-甲氧基乙酯(MEA,相当于式[II]中,R2为氢原子,m为1)、100份的丙酮、0.02份的2,2′-偶氮双异丁腈(以下称为AIBN)后,将所述反应容器内的环境以氮气气体进行置换。其后,在氮气环境下一边搅拌,一边加热至65℃,开始反应。其后,使反应溶液在65℃下反应4小时。反应结束后,进行冷却,以乙酸乙酯加以稀释而获得不挥发成分为30%、粘度为8000mPa.s的共聚物溶液。另外,使用GPC来测定共聚物,结果,重量平均分子量为150万,分散度(Mw/Mn)为2。将所获得的共聚物设为丙烯酸系共聚物(A-1)。
<合成例2~合成例35>
除了依据表1及表2的质量比率而变更为各种原料以外,利用与合成例1相同的方法来合成丙烯酸共聚物。将所获得的丙烯酸共聚物的重量平均分子量(Mw)、分散度(Mw/Mn)示于表1及表2中。另外,表中的空栏表示未调配。
<重量平均分子量(Mw)的测定>
重量平均分子量(Mw)的测定中使用岛津制作所公司制造的GPC“LC-GPC系统”。重量平均分子量(Mw)的决定是通过将分子量已知的聚苯乙烯作为标准物质的换算来进行。
装置名:岛津制作所公司制造,LC-GPC系统“普罗米内斯(Prominence)”
管柱:将4根东曹公司制造的GMHXL、1根东曹公司制造的HXL-H串联连结。
流动相溶媒:四氢呋喃
流量:1.0ml/min
管柱温度:40℃
[表1]
(实施例1)
<粘着剂的制备>
调配作为丙烯酸系共聚物(A)的合成例1中获得的共聚物溶液(溶液中的丙烯酸系共聚物(A-1)成为100份的量)、1.5份作为硬化剂的甲苯二异氰酸酯的三羟甲基丙烷的加合物、0.2份作为有机硅烷化合物的3-缩水甘油氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KBM-403,信越硅利光公司制造),进而,调配不挥发成分成为20%的量的乙酸乙酯,从而获得粘着剂。
<光学粘着片及偏光板粘着片的制作>
以干燥后的厚度成为25μm的方式,将所述粘着剂涂敷于厚度为38μm的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯制剥离性片(赛拉皮尔(Cerapeel)MF:东丽膜(Toray Film)加工公司制造)上,在100℃下干燥2分钟,由此形成粘着剂层。继而,在所述粘着剂层上,贴合环烯烃膜(瑞诺(Zeonor):日本瑞翁(Zeon)公司制造,厚度100μm)的单面,获得包含“剥离膜/粘着剂层/环烯烃膜”这一构成的光学粘着片。继而,使所获得的光学粘着片在温度为25℃、相对湿度为55%的条件下熟化1周,获得层叠体(以下设为层叠体A)。
另外,代替环烯烃膜而使用偏光板(层构成:三乙酰基纤维素膜/聚乙烯醇膜/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯膜),以所述粘着剂层与偏光板的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯膜面相接的方式进行贴合,获得包含“剥离膜/粘着剂层/偏光板”这一构成的偏光板粘着片。继而,使所获得的偏光板粘着片在温度为25℃、相对湿度为55%的条件下熟化1周,获得层叠体(以下设为层叠体B)。
(实施例2~实施例28、比较例1~比较例21)
除了分别变更为表3及表4所示的材料及调配量来代替实施例1中使用的材料以外,以与实施例1相同的方式分别获得粘着剂。进而,以与实施例1相同的方式分别获得光学粘着片及层叠体。
另外,在表4的栏外对表中的略称进行记载。
利用以下方法,对所获得的层叠体A进行评价。
(1)耐热性及耐湿热性评价1
将上述中获得的层叠体A切割为宽930mm、纵523mm(相当于42英寸)的大小。继而,自切割出的层叠体A上剥落剥离性片,使用层压机来贴附于ITO溅镀玻璃板(品种80Ω:日本板硝子公司制造)上。继而,将粘贴有所述层叠体A的玻璃板在50℃、5气压的条件的高压釜内保持20分钟,使各构件密合,由此获得测定试样。对于所述测定试样评价耐热性,来作为高温环境下的耐性评价。即,将测定试样在105℃下放置1000小时后,以目视来观察发泡、浮起、剥落的有无。
另外,对于测定试样评价耐湿热性,来作为高温高湿环境下的耐性评价。即,将测定试样在85℃、相对湿度85%下放置500小时后,以目视来观察发泡、浮起、剥落的有无。耐热性及耐湿热性均基于以下的基准来进行评价。
◎:完全未确认到发泡、浮起、剥落,良好。
○:虽确认到1mm以下的发泡、浮起、剥落的任一种,但在实用上无问题。
×:全面地存在发泡、浮起、剥落,无法使用。
(2)耐腐蚀性的评价方法
作为腐蚀性的评价,将裁断为宽40mm、长度100mm的所述层叠体A剥离剥离膜后贴附于膜厚5μm的具有ITO透明导电膜的PET膜(IPF-05H125:郡是(Gunze)公司制造)的宽40mm、长度160mm的ITO透明导电膜上,继而,将所述层叠体在50℃、5气压的条件的高压釜内保持20分钟,使各构件密合,由此获得具有环烯烃膜/粘着剂层/ITO膜的总结构的测定试样。
在所述测定试样的两端连接电极,测定(拉瑞斯塔(Laresta)-GP MCP-T600:三菱化学公司制造)初期的电阻值。进而,将测定试样在85℃、相对湿度85%下放置1000小时后,以与上述相同的方式测定经时后的电阻值。腐蚀性的评价均是基于以下的基准进行评价。
电阻变化率=(经时后的电阻值/初期的电阻值)
4:完全未确认到电阻变化,特别良好。
3:电阻变化率未满2.0,良好。
2:电阻变化率为2.0以上且未满3.0,在实用上无问题。
1:电阻变化率为3.0以上,无法使用。
(3)耐热性及耐湿热性评价2
将上述中获得的层叠体B切割为宽930mm、纵523mm(相当于42英寸)的大小。继而,自切割出的层叠体B上剥落剥离性片,使用层压机来贴附于ITO溅镀玻璃板(品种80Ω:日本板硝子股份有限公司制造)上。继而,将粘贴有所述层叠体B的玻璃板在50℃、5气压的条件的高压釜内保持20分钟,使各构件密合,由此获得测定试样。对于所述测定试样评价耐热性,来作为高温环境下的耐性评价。即,将测定试样在105℃下放置1000小时后,以目视来观察发泡、浮起、剥落的有无。
另外,对于测定试样评价耐湿热性,来作为高温高湿环境下的耐性评价。即,将测定试样在85℃、相对湿度95%下放置1000小时后,以目视来观察发泡、浮起、剥落的有无。耐热性及耐湿热性均基于以下的基准来进行评价。
◎:完全未确认到发泡、浮起、剥落,良好。
○:虽确认到0.5mm以下的发泡、浮起、剥落的任一种,但在实用上无问题。
×:全面地存在发泡、浮起、剥落,无法使用。
(4)漏光评价
将上述中获得的层叠体B切割为宽930mm、纵523mm(相当于42英寸)的大小。继而,自切割出的层叠体B上剥落剥离性片,在ITO溅镀玻璃板(品种80Ω:日本板硝子股份有限公司制造)的两面,将各为2片的层叠体B以其偏光板的吸收轴正交的方式,使用层压机来贴附而获得压接物。继而,使压接物在50℃、5气压的条件的高压釜内保持20分钟,使各构件密合,由此获得测定试样。将所述测定试样在105℃下放置1000小时后,以目视来观察当使光透过偏光板时的漏光。漏光性是基于以下的基准来进行评价。
◎:无白斑,良好。
○:虽在极少的一部分上确认到白斑,但未确认到全面的白斑,在实用上无问题。
×:全面地存在白斑,无法使用。
(5)再剥离性评价
将上述中获得的层叠体B切割为宽100mm、纵100mm的大小。继而,自切割出的层叠体B上剥落剥离性片,使用层压机来粘贴于ITO溅镀玻璃板(品种80Ω日本板硝子股份有限公司制造)上。继而,使其在50℃、5气压的条件的高压釜内保持20分钟,使各构件密合,由此获得测定试样。将所述测定试样在105℃下放置7天后,在23℃、相对湿度50%的环境下,使用拉伸试验机(艾安德(Orientec)公司制造的“滕喜龙(Tensilon)”),来进行在180°方向上以300mm/min的速度进行拉伸的剥离试验。继而,以目视来观察剥离后的玻璃表面的模糊,基于以下的基准进行评价。
○:未确认到残胶、模糊,良好。
×:确认到残胶、模糊,无法实用。
根据表5及表6的结果,如实施例1~实施例28所示,本发明的粘着剂的高温环境及高温高湿环境下的耐久性、漏光性、以及再剥离性优异。另一方面,比较例1~比较例21无法全部满足所述特性。
[表5]
[表6]
Claims (7)
1.一种粘着剂,其包含丙烯酸系共聚物(A)及硬化剂(B),所述粘着剂的特征在于:所述丙烯酸系共聚物(A)至少含有源自下述(a-1)~(a-4)所表示的单体的构成单元,且并不含有源自含酸性基的单体的构成单元,重量平均分子量Mw与数量平均分子量Mn的比即分散度Mw/Mn为1.5~2.5,
所述丙烯酸系共聚物(A)包含(a-1)为69.4质量%~93.9质量%、(a-2)为0.1质量%~0.8质量%、(a-3)为5质量%~20质量%、(a-4)为1质量%~10质量%的构成单元,
(a-1)(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯单体
(a-2)(甲基)丙烯酸羟基酯单体
(a-3)下述式[I]所表示的单体
(a-4)下述式[II]所表示的单体
式中,R1及R2表示氢原子或甲基;n及m为表示重复单元的整数,1≦n≦10,1≦m≦10。
2.根据权利要求1所述的粘着剂,其特征在于:所述硬化剂(B)为异氰酸酯系化合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的粘着剂,其特征在于:进而包含有机硅烷化合物(C)。
4.根据权利要求2所述的粘着剂,其特征在于:进而包含有机硅烷化合物(C)。
5.一种光学用粘着片,其特征在于包括以下构件而成:光学膜、以及包含根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的粘着剂的粘着剂层。
6.一种偏光板粘着片,其特征在于包括以下构件而成:偏光板、以及包含根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的粘着剂的粘着剂层。
7.一种液晶单元构件,其特征在于包括以下构件而成:玻璃构件、以及包含根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的粘着剂的粘着剂层。
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