CN107409933A - A kind of vine integrated pest prevention and control management method - Google Patents
A kind of vine integrated pest prevention and control management method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107409933A CN107409933A CN201710351415.7A CN201710351415A CN107409933A CN 107409933 A CN107409933 A CN 107409933A CN 201710351415 A CN201710351415 A CN 201710351415A CN 107409933 A CN107409933 A CN 107409933A
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- soil
- vine
- pest
- disease damage
- control
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
- A01G25/167—Control by humidity of the soil itself or of devices simulating soil or of the atmosphere; Soil humidity sensors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
- A01M1/04—Attracting insects by using illumination or colours
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/14—Catching by adhesive surfaces
- A01M1/16—Fly papers or ribbons
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vine integrated pest prevention and control management method, it is related to agricultural plantation technology field, to solve present in prior art uncertain and error, cause to prevent and treat that efficiency is low, and to the growing area of large area by manually spraying the problem of medicine is wasted time and energy.This method includes：(1), plant quarantine；(2) soil management；(3) management and cultivation of trees；(4) physical control pest and disease damage；(5) water and fertilizer management：(6), chemical control pest and disease damage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, more particularly relates to a kind of vine integrated pest prevention and control manager
Method.
Background technology
Grape is a kind of youngberry plant, contains carbohydrate, fresh fruit sugar content, protein, potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron and more
Kind amino acid, there are protein and sodium chloride content in aid digestion, strengthening the spleen and stomach, reduction blood, to vascular sclerosis and kidney
The rehabilitation of scorching patient has auxiliary curative effect and the nutraceutical of Anemic patients；Played the role of based on grape so many, how improved
Vintage is the key point of wine-growing.
Pest and disease damage often influences the yield of grape in vine planting process, and the existing preventing and treating to pest and disease damage is mainly
Medical treatment, and the time by artificially observing and artificially empirically determined needs spray medicine, but this method is present not
Certainty and error, cause to prevent and treat inefficient, and the growing area of large area are wasted time and energy by manually spraying medicine.
The content of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of vine integrated pest prevention and control management method, to solve to deposit in the prior art
Uncertainty and error, it is low to cause to prevent and treat efficiency, and to the growing area of large area by manually spraying the time-consuming expense of medicine
The problem of power.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of vine integrated pest prevention and control management method, including：
(1) plant quarantine：
Scene or Quarantine on production site are carried out to grape scion or kind bar, it is determined that with pathogen, the scion of insect or kind bar, and
To carrying out isolation processing with pathogen, the scion of insect or kind bar；
(2) soil management：
To breed grape nursery stock or plant bar nursery soil carry out after high temperature or chemicals treatment in plantation grape nursery stock or
Kind bar；Or
To the vine that has grown every 10~15 days to being turned over around tree root；
(3) management and cultivation of trees：
Vine is inspected periodically, when finding wound, bleeding treatment is carried out to wound；
(4) physical control pest and disease damage：The method of the physical control pest and disease damage includes at least one of following manner：
Solar energy insect-trapping lamp insect-killing trapping is installed：Every 500~600 ㎡ installs 1 solar energy and killed in vine growing area
Worm lamp；
Insert and hang Yellow sticky trap trapping pest and disease damage：Every 8~15 ㎡ hangs 1 Yellow sticky trap in vine growing area；
Hang gyplure trapping pest and disease damage：Every 40~60 ㎡ hangs 1 individual character and lures bottle, built-in gyplure in vine growing area；
(5) water and fertilizer management：
Every 10~20 ㎡ installs 1 soil nutrient detector and soil moisture detector in vine growing area, described
Soil nutrient detector and soil moisture detector are integrated in same shell, and radio communication mold is also integrated with the shell
Block and processor, the processor are connected with soil nutrient detector, soil moisture detector and wireless communication module respectively；
The soil nutrient parameter of soil nutrient detector detection passes sequentially through processor and wireless communication module is transmitted to control
Terminal processed, control terminal by soil nutrient parameter compared with default soil nutrient parameter threshold, when soil nutrient parameter ratio
Default soil nutrient parameter threshold hour, send warning information；Wherein, the soil nutrient parameter includes：It is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic
The content of matter, humic acid and acid-base value；
The soil moisture of soil moisture detector detection passes sequentially through processor and wireless communication module is transmitted to control eventually
End, control terminal by soil moisture compared with default soil moisture threshold value, when soil moisture is than default soil nutrient parameter
Threshold value hour, send a warning message；
(6) chemical control pest and disease damage：
Every 400~1200 ㎡ installs a Radio infrared thermal imaging system in vine growing area, and control terminal is to multiple
Radio infrared thermal imaging system sends image scanning instruction respectively；Instructed according to the image scanning received, each Radio infrared
Thermal imaging system is scanned to the vine in respective regions, and sends image to control terminal, wherein, carried in described image
The numbering of the Radio infrared thermal imaging system；Each image that control end-on receives is handled, and calculates each
The number sum of pest and disease damage feature pixel in image, when the number sum of pest and disease damage feature pixel is more than pre-determined threshold,
Intelligent control unmanned plane pesticide spraying device is sprayed insecticide to region corresponding to described image.
It is preferred that also include：Seizure cleaning is carried out to the insect around solar energy insect-trapping lamp every 3~5 days.
It is preferred that also include pruning：Cut off lopsided bud viny and be higher by all within soil surface 50cm
Bud.
In the embodiment of the present invention, plant quarantine, soil management, the management of trees and cultivation, physical control disease are passed sequentially through
Insect pest, water and fertilizer management and chemical control pest and disease damage, so as to form the modern agriculture control prece of complete set and system, from multi-party
Preventing and treating efficiency is improved in face, and monitors the nutrient parameter and soil moisture parameter of soil in real time with control terminal, and according to detection
To soil moisture and soil nutrient parameter alerted, the scientific and reasonable supply moisture and fertilizer of plant personnel is reminded, so that Portugal
Grape tree is always maintained at suitable moisture and nutrient, to avoid vine out of proportion, native because of overfertilization or deficiency, azophoska
Earth ponding or arid, the problem of so as to promote pest and disease damage to occur.In addition, use Radio infrared thermal imaging in terms of agent preventing and treating pest and disease damage
Instrument monitors pest and disease damage viny in real time, and a situation arises, and improve pest and disease damage observes and predicts precision, so as to improve preventing and treating efficiency, and
Monitoring and the sprinkling medicine of automation are realized, it is time saving and energy saving.
Embodiment
In order to strengthen the understanding to invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiment, the embodiment is only
For explaining the present invention, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..
Vine integrated pest prevention and control management method in the present embodiment, specifically includes following steps：
(1) plant quarantine：Scene or Quarantine on production site are carried out to grape scion or kind bar, it is determined that with pathogen, insect
Scion or kind bar, and to carrying out isolation processing with pathogen, the scion of insect or kind bar.
The best approach of pre- preventing disease and pest is to prevent the cause of disease of danger, insect from entering the new district not occurred.Plant is examined
Epidemic disease is to prevent and treat the technical measures of pest and disease damage diffusive transport.
Scene or Quarantine on production site are carried out with the grape or kind bar imported and exported and domestic interzone is allocated and transported, discovery carries cause of disease
Bacterium, the scion of insect or kind bar, are handled before disperseing before new district is reached or into new district.Observation garden is such as set up, is entered
Row quarantines, and forbids to allocate and transport susceptible or carrying cause of disease pathogen, the scion of insect or kind bar from epidemic-stricken area.It was found that quarantine object
It should put out in time.By quarantine, the propagation and diffusion of dangerous harmful organism are effectively prevented or limit, to having prevented various regions not
The intrusion of the plant pest of generation, plays positive role.If grape phylloxera, fall webworms and grape canker are all China
Main quarantine object, it is up to the present, preferable to these dangerous plant pests control effects, do not cause large area to endanger.
(2) soil management：The soil in the nursery to breeding grape nursery stock or kind bar is being planted after carrying out high temperature or chemicals treatment
Plant grape nursery stock or kind bar；Or
To the vine that has grown every 10~15 days to being turned over around tree root.
Wherein, annual season in spring and autumn is concentrated and carries out cleaning vineyard, and the deadwood leaf that the winter is cut, and that peels off is climing old
Skin, clean up, concentration is burnt or buried, mitigates the harm in next year.It is also young in time when finding that disease pest endangers with long season
Disease branch, fruit ear, fruit and blade carefully are wiped out, and is destroyed immediately, prevents its spread in china again.
In addition, to the vine that has grown every 10~15 days to being turned over around tree root while to combine basal dressing deep
Turn over, the insect of upper soll layer and germ can be embedded in dressing furrow, to reduce disease pest source.It is and grapevine seedling root is attached
Worm pupa, worm cocoon and larva in nearly soil, which are dug out, to come, and concentrates and kills.The broken branches and fallen leaves and weeds in vineyard, it is that disease, insect survive the winter
With the place of procreation, caused harm with reducing disease pest.
(3) management and cultivation of trees：Vine is inspected periodically, when finding wound, bleeding treatment is carried out to wound.
Wherein, the method for bleeding treatment includes：Scald mouth is ironed, promotes wound to form " dry scar "；Lime paste semar technique and thin
Film is bound up a wound method.
Wound on vine often causes the main reason for sick on vine, and we should strengthen to grape gardens
The management and nurse of plant, once find that vine wound occurs and wants timely processing.Treating the wound manually built will be hindered
Mouth protection, prevents bacterial invasion.
(4) physical control pest and disease damage：The method of the physical control pest and disease damage can be by following three kinds of implementations
At least one realize：
The first implementation, solar energy insect-trapping lamp insect-killing trapping is installed：Every 500~600 ㎡ peaces in vine growing area
Fill 1 solar insect-killing light.
For example every 500 ㎡ installs 1 solar insect-killing light, trapping Lepidoptera, Semiptera, sheath in vine growing area
The pest and disease damages such as wing mesh.
Second of implementation, insert and hang Yellow sticky trap trapping pest and disease damage：Every 8~15 ㎡ hangs 1 in vine growing area
Yellow sticky trap.
For example every 10 ㎡ hangs the disease such as 1 Yellow sticky trap, trapping smaller green leaf hopper, aphid, aleyrodid in vine growing area
Insect pest.
The third implementation, hanging gyplure trapping pest and disease damage：Every 40~60 ㎡ hangs 1 individual character and lured in vine growing area
Bottle, built-in gyplure, trapping Euproctis pseudoconspersa, tea geometrid and smaller green leaf hopper.
It should be noted that being done harm to when using physical control to grape pest and disease damage, above-mentioned three kinds of implementations can be passed through
In any implementation prevent and treat, or in order to improve the efficiency of extraction preventing and treating, above-mentioned three kinds of realization sides can also be passed through
Any combination of formula is prevented and treated, and the embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited to this.
(5) water and fertilizer management：
Every 10~20 ㎡ installs 1 soil nutrient detector and soil moisture detector in vine growing area, described
Soil nutrient detector and soil moisture detector are integrated in same shell, and radio communication mold is also integrated with the shell
Block and processor, the processor are connected with soil nutrient detector, soil moisture detector and wireless communication module respectively.
Wherein, model TPY-7PC, TPY-IV of soil nutrient detector etc.；The model of soil moisture detector
T-300。
In addition, model PIC16F72, PIC16F74, PIC16F876A of soil moisture detector etc., the present invention is real
Example is applied to be not specifically limited this.
Furthermore wireless communication module can be nRF2401, can also be si4463, si4432 etc., the present invention is implemented
Example is not specifically limited to this.
Alternatively, the model of processor can be 80c51, can also be MCS-51 etc., the embodiment of the present invention to this not
It is specifically limited.
The soil nutrient parameter of soil nutrient detector detection passes sequentially through processor and wireless communication module is transmitted to control
Terminal processed, control terminal is compared with default soil nutrient parameter threshold, when soil nutrient parameter is joined than default soil nutrient
Number threshold value hour, send a warning message；Wherein, the soil nutrient parameter includes：Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, humic acid and acid
The content of basicity.
The soil moisture parameter of soil moisture detector detection passes sequentially through processor and wireless communication module is transmitted to control
Terminal processed, control terminal is compared with default soil moisture parameter threshold, when soil moisture parameter is joined than default soil nutrient
Number threshold value hour, send a warning message.
Wherein, apply fertilizer, the fertility decision of needs and soil must be developed according to vine growth by pouring water.Application of organic fertilizers or
Inorganic composite fertilizer, excessive fruit tree fertilizer, phosphorus potash fertilizer deficiency, soil ponding or arid can be strengthened, pest and disease damage can be promoted；Physical features is low
Hollow vineyard, it should be noted that drainage waterlogging prevention, promote plant root normal growth, be advantageous to strengthen tree body resistance.
In addition, control terminal can be terminal, the terminal can be to appoint in desktop computer, smart mobile phone or tablet personal computer
It is a kind of.
(6) chemical control pest and disease damage：
Every 400~1200 ㎡ installs a Radio infrared thermal imaging system in vine growing area, and control terminal is to multiple
Radio infrared thermal imaging system sends image scanning instruction respectively；Instructed according to the image scanning received, each Radio infrared
Thermal imaging system is scanned to the vine in respective regions, and sends image to control terminal, wherein, carried in described image
The numbering of the Radio infrared thermal imaging system；Each image that control end-on receives is handled, and calculates each
The number sum of pest and disease damage feature pixel in image, when the number sum of pest and disease damage feature pixel is more than pre-determined threshold,
Intelligent control unmanned plane pesticide spraying device is sprayed insecticide to region corresponding to described image.
It should be noted that the principle of Radio infrared thermal imaging system refers to prior art, the embodiment of the present invention to this not
Elaborate.
Wherein, the model H-610A of Radio infrared thermal imaging system.
In addition, a kind of intelligent unmanned plane pesticide spraying device include SDRAM memory, unmanned plane power drive device,
Pesticide sprayer, wireless communication module and master controller, each region amount pair in the grape gardens that prestored in SDRAM memory
According to table, the region amount table of comparisons includes multiple pesticide spraying regions and multiple pesticide spraying amounts, a pesticide spraying region
A corresponding pesticide spraying amount, each pesticide spraying region include region GPS location and region height, master controller difference
It is connected with SDRAM memory, unmanned plane power drive device, wireless communication module and pesticide sprayer, for controlling unmanned plane
Power drive device flies to each pesticide spraying region, and in each pesticide spraying overlying regions according to corresponding pesticide spraying
Amount controls the pesticide spraying of pesticide sprayer.By means of the invention it is possible to realize the reserve quota agricultural chemicals to predetermined sprinkling region
Automatic spraying, improve the intelligence degree of pesticide spraying, reduce cost of labor.
Alternatively, in addition to：Seizure cleaning is carried out to the insect around solar energy insect-trapping lamp every 3~5 days.
Alternatively, in addition to pruning：Cut off lopsided bud viny and be higher by all within soil surface 50cm
Bud.
In the embodiment of the present invention, plant quarantine, soil management, the management of trees and cultivation, physical control disease are passed sequentially through
Insect pest, water and fertilizer management and chemical control pest and disease damage, so as to form the modern agriculture control prece of complete set and system, from multi-party
Preventing and treating efficiency is improved in face, and monitors the nutrient parameter and soil moisture parameter of soil in real time with control terminal, and according to detection
To soil moisture and soil nutrient parameter alerted, the scientific and reasonable supply moisture and fertilizer of plant personnel is reminded, so that Portugal
Grape tree is always maintained at suitable moisture and nutrient, to avoid vine out of proportion, native because of overfertilization or deficiency, azophoska
Earth ponding or arid, the problem of so as to promote pest and disease damage to occur.In addition, use Radio infrared thermal imaging in terms of agent preventing and treating pest and disease damage
Instrument monitors pest and disease damage viny in real time, and a situation arises, and improve pest and disease damage observes and predicts precision, so as to improve preventing and treating efficiency, and
Monitoring and the sprinkling medicine of automation are realized, it is time saving and energy saving.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, but those skilled in the art once know basic creation
Property concept, then can make other change and modification to these embodiments.So appended claims be intended to be construed to include it is excellent
Select embodiment and fall into having altered and changing for the scope of the invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out the essence of various changes and modification without departing from the present invention to the present invention
God and scope.So, if these modifications and variations of the present invention belong to the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to comprising including these changes and modification.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of vine integrated pest prevention and control management method, it is characterised in that specifically include following methods：
(1) plant quarantine：
Scene or Quarantine on production site are carried out to grape scion or kind bar, it is determined that with pathogen, the scion of insect or kind bar, and to band
Pathogen, the scion of insect or kind bar carry out isolation processing；
(2) soil management：
The soil in the nursery to breeding grape nursery stock or kind bar is planting grape nursery stock or kind bar after carrying out high temperature or chemicals treatment；
Or
To the vine that has grown every 10~15 days to being turned over around tree root；
(3) management and cultivation of trees：
Vine is inspected periodically, when finding wound, bleeding treatment is carried out to wound；
(4) physical control pest and disease damage：The method of the physical control pest and disease damage includes at least one of following manner：
Solar energy insect-trapping lamp insect-killing trapping is installed：Every 500~600 ㎡ installs 1 solar insect-killing light in vine growing area；
Insert and hang Yellow sticky trap trapping pest and disease damage：Every 8~15 ㎡ hangs 1 Yellow sticky trap in vine growing area；
Hang gyplure trapping pest and disease damage：Every 40~60 ㎡ hangs 1 individual character and lures bottle, built-in gyplure in vine growing area；
(5) water and fertilizer management：
Every 10~20 ㎡ installs 1 soil nutrient detector and soil moisture detector, the soil in vine growing area
Nutrient detector and soil moisture detector are integrated in same shell, be also integrated with the shell wireless communication module and
Processor, the processor are connected with soil nutrient detector, soil moisture detector and wireless communication module respectively；
The soil nutrient parameter of soil nutrient detector detection passes sequentially through processor and wireless communication module is transmitted to control eventually
End, control terminal by the soil nutrient parameter compared with default soil nutrient parameter threshold, when soil nutrient parameter ratio
Default soil nutrient parameter threshold hour, send warning information；Wherein, the soil nutrient parameter includes：It is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic
The content of matter, humic acid and acid-base value；
The soil moisture of soil moisture detector detection passes sequentially through processor and wireless communication module is transmitted to control terminal, control
Terminal processed by soil moisture compared with default soil moisture threshold value, when soil moisture is smaller than default soil moisture threshold value,
Send a warning message；
(6) chemical control pest and disease damage：
Every 400~1200 ㎡ installs a Radio infrared thermal imaging system in vine growing area, and control terminal is to multiple wireless
Infrared thermography sends image scanning instruction respectively；Instructed according to the image scanning that receives, each Radio infrared heat into
Send image as instrument is scanned to the vine in respective regions, and to control terminal, wherein, carried in described image described in
The numbering of Radio infrared thermal imaging system；Each image that control end-on receives is handled, and calculates each image
The number sum of middle pest and disease damage feature pixel, when the number sum of pest and disease damage feature pixel is more than pre-determined threshold, control
Intelligent unmanned plane pesticide spraying device is sprayed insecticide to region corresponding to described image.
2. vine integrated pest prevention and control management method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：Every 3~
Seizure cleaning was carried out to the insect around solar energy insect-trapping lamp in 5.
3. vine integrated pest prevention and control management method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also repaiied including shaping
Cut：All buds for cutting off lopsided bud viny and being higher by within soil surface 50cm.
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| CN201710351415.7A CN107409933A (en) | 2017-05-18 | 2017-05-18 | A kind of vine integrated pest prevention and control management method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710351415.7A CN107409933A (en) | 2017-05-18 | 2017-05-18 | A kind of vine integrated pest prevention and control management method |
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Family
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107711270A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-02-23 | 登封市绿奥农林科技有限公司 | A kind of method for integrated control of apple tree pest and disease damage |
| CN107896756A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-13 | 登封市绿奥农林科技有限公司 | A kind of method for integrated control of vine pest and disease damage |
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| CN105145204A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-16 | 宁波城市职业技术学院 | Comprehensive prevention and control management method for diseases and insect pests of maples |
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| CN107711270A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-02-23 | 登封市绿奥农林科技有限公司 | A kind of method for integrated control of apple tree pest and disease damage |
| CN107896756A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-13 | 登封市绿奥农林科技有限公司 | A kind of method for integrated control of vine pest and disease damage |
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Application publication date: 20171201 |
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