CN112106608A - Strawberry seedling breeding method in northwest cold arid region - Google Patents
Strawberry seedling breeding method in northwest cold arid region Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0231—Tunnels, i.e. protective full coverings for rows of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/70—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting wettability, e.g. drying agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling breeding method for strawberries in northwest cold arid regions, which comprises the following steps: paving cruciferous tail vegetable broken block tissues on the ground surface to disinfect soil, spraying an organic fertilizer leavening agent on the surface of tail vegetable residues, pouring enough water to cover a film for fermentation after submerged ploughing, and ploughing to ventilate and disperse moisture after fermentation and decomposition; fertilizing, ridging and laying a drip irrigation tape; selecting high-quality seedlings, soaking the roots, then planting the seedlings, and immediately watering root fixing water after planting the seedlings; and (5) building a small arched shed, covering a mulching film, breaking the mulching film, lifting seedlings, and performing conventional field management. According to the invention, the waste vegetable fragments are adopted for soil disinfection, after the waste vegetables are decomposed, the physicochemical properties such as soil water retention capacity, fertility, organic matter content and permeability can be improved, the application amount of chemical pesticides is reduced, meanwhile, the disinfection raw materials are agricultural waste materials, the production cost is low, the agricultural waste recycling is realized, and the environmental pollution is reduced; a small arched shed is built immediately after field planting to preserve heat and moisture, save water and resist drought, shorten the seedling reviving time, improve the seedling protecting rate, obviously improve the yield of strawberries, and is suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seedling breeding, and particularly relates to a strawberry seedling breeding method in northwest cold arid regions.
Background
Strawberry belongs to rosaceous plants, and is highly favored by consumers due to high nutritive value of pulp, fresh and tender property, juicy property and aromatic flavor. The strawberry cultivation method has the advantages of short strawberry cultivation period, early fruiting and high economic benefit, and becomes a new industry which develops the fastest in facility gardening.
When the strawberries are planted, proper temperature and humidity are needed, soil moisture is required to be sufficient, and otherwise, the yield and the fruit quality of the strawberries are greatly influenced. When the strawberries are planted in arid and semi-arid regions, the problems of low seedling breeding rate, poor seedling quality and serious continuous cropping obstacle exist generally, and the problems are one of the main reasons for low seedling quality of strawberries in northwest cold arid regions. At present, the main measures for improving the breeding rate in strawberry seedling breeding are to adopt a large amount of ground watering and combine with multiple times of foliage spraying to keep enough soil and air humidity, but the method has three main problems, namely time and labor consumption, uneven water quantity, high germ propagation speed along with flowing water, large water demand, resource waste, and influence on stolon growth due to hardening of soil and too low soil temperature caused by a large amount of watering. In the traditional cultivation, chemical pesticides are generally adopted to treat soil to solve the problem of continuous cropping obstacle, so that pesticide residue, crop phytotoxicity, drug resistance and environmental pollution are easily caused. Therefore, the research of the transplanting seedling protection method which saves labor, saves water, increases temperature and inhibits evaporation to shorten the seedling reviving time and safely and efficiently relieves continuous cropping obstacles has important significance for sustainable development of the strawberry industry in the northwest cold and arid regions.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects pointed out in the background technology, the invention provides a seedling breeding method for strawberries in northwest cold arid regions, aiming at solving the existing problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a strawberry seedling breeding method in northwest cold arid regions comprises the following steps:
(1) soil preparation
Selecting a soil with loose soil and good lighting, and disinfecting the soil, wherein the disinfecting method comprises the following steps: uniformly paving broken tissues of brassicaceous brassica rapa on the ground surface in high-temperature periods of 7 and 8 months, uniformly spraying an organic fertilizer leavening agent on the surface of brassica rapa residues, carrying out submerged tillage for 5-10 cm, uniformly mixing with soil, watering, covering a mulching film, fermenting for 30-40 days, removing the mulching film, turning over, and fully ventilating and dehumidifying for 3-5 days; then fertilizing;
(2) ridging
After fertilization, turning over the land and uniformly mixing soil and fertilizer, raking the land and leveling the ground, and then ridging according to land blocks, wherein the ridge width is 1.8m, the height is 10cm, the furrow width is 30cm, and 3 drip irrigation belts with the hole pitch of 20cm are paved on the ridge surface;
(3) treatment of seedlings
Selecting strong and disease and pest free third generation detoxicated seedling, and root soaking before planting;
(4) planting of seedling
Planting in the first ten days of 9 to 10 months, dripping water and creeping ridges 3 days before planting, removing old leaves and inflorescences during planting, planting in a double-row shape like a Chinese character 'pin', enabling the plant bow back to face the ditch, enabling the row spacing of the plants to be 40 multiplied by 160cm, keeping the core and stem parts of the seedlings of the mother plants to be level to the ground according to the principle of 'no root exposure and no core burying in depth' during planting, and keeping the core and stem parts of the seedlings of the mother plants to be level to the ground every 667m2Planting 1500 plants, and immediately watering root fixing water after planting;
(5) building arched shed
After field planting, a small arched shed is built in time for heat preservation and moisture preservation, so that the survival of the stock plant is promoted, and the seedling reviving period is shortened;
(6) disease prevention
On the 2 nd day of planting, foliage spraying is carried out by using 20000-30000 times of liquid, 500 times of liquid, 750 times of liquid, 1500 times of ethylicin, and the like, after 3 days of planting, root irrigation is carried out by using 1500 times of Kanjin liquid, 1500 times of liquid, 750 times of kasugamycin, and after 7 days of planting, root irrigation is carried out by using 600-700 times of liquid, 1500 times of autumn liquid, and the amount of liquid medicine of each plant is not less than 100ml when root irrigation is carried out;
(7) mulching film
Removing the small arched shed after the stock plant survives, covering mulching films on two sides of the stock plant, wherein the width of each mulching film is 25-30 cm so as to ensure proper humidity and temperature, and immediately breaking the mulching films and lifting seedlings after the mulching;
(8) plant management
Combing timely after the stolons are extracted, fixing the seedlings in time to press the seedlings when the seedlings have 2 unfolded leaves so as to promote the seedlings to prick roots, and ensuring that the plant-row spacing of the seedlings is not less than 10cm during pressing; and removing excessive stolons to ensure ventilation and light transmission.
Preferably, in the step (1), the selected strawberry cultivation land is a land for planting wheat, melons and beans in the previous crop.
Preferably, in the step (1), the amount of the chopped red cabbage pieces is 3.5-5 kg/m2。
Preferably, in the step (1), the organic fertilizer starter is natural EM original dew, and the using amount of the organic fertilizer starter is 500-1000 ml/1000m2。
Preferably, in the step (1), the fertilizer application adopts high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer of 8-10 m3/667m215-15-1550kg/667m NPK ternary compound fertilizer2Calcium superphosphate 40kg/667m21kg/667m of 50 percent phoxim granules are applied along with the fertilizer2To control soil insects.
Preferably, in the step (3), the root soaking adopts 2000 times of amicin solution, 1000 times of kasugamycin solution and 500 times of rhizopus solution, and the root soaking time is not less than 5-10 minutes.
Preferably, in the step (8), 30-40 seedlings are reserved in each mother plant when the excessive stolons are removed, and the number of the produced seedlings is controlled to be 45000-60000/666.7 m2。
Compared with the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) aiming at the geographical conditions of the northwest cold arid regions, the invention adopts the waste vegetable fragments as the main raw materials for soil disinfection when the strawberry seedlings are bred, and after the disinfection materials are decomposed, the physicochemical properties of the soil, such as water retention capacity, fertility, organic matter content, permeability and the like, can be improved, and simultaneously the application amount of chemical pesticides is reduced, thereby solving the problem caused by the fact that the chemical pesticides are used for soil disinfection in the traditional cultivation. In addition, the tailed vegetable is agricultural waste material, so that the recycling of the agricultural waste is realized, and the tailed vegetable has no phytotoxicity to crops and no pollution to the environment.
(2) The method of immediately covering the small arched shed after field planting of the strawberry seedlings and covering the mulching film after the mother plants survive in time overcomes the defects of temperature and humidity in the cold and dry areas, can preserve heat and moisture, obviously shortens the seedling reviving time, realizes water saving and drought resistance, improves the breeding rate of the strawberry seedlings, and has good economic benefit.
(3) The invention has simple operation, no need of special agricultural machinery, low cost, good effect and suitable popularization and application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail by the following examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the strawberry seedling breeding method in the northwest cold arid region, third-generation virus-free seedlings of strawberries, such as nectar, Suizhu, Tianxianzui, Hongyan, Zhangji and the like, which are early-maturing, shallow in dormancy degree, strong in cold resistance, strong in growth vigor, high in yield and good in quality are preferably selected. The selected planting land is preferably the land for planting wheat, melons and beans in the previous crop.
Example 1
Performing in a facility agriculture innovation garden of agricultural science research institute of the city of the Dengxi in 2017 and 8 months, wherein the variety of the tested strawberry is red, and the strawberry is selected to have more than four unfolded leaves, the thickness of rootstocks is more than 1.2cm, the root system is developed, the seedling weight is more than 20g, the terminal flower bud differentiation is completed, and the seedling has no plant diseases and insect pests; test area 360m2The former crop is pea, and the traditional seedling protecting method is used as a contrast.
(1) In 2017, 8 months and 3 days, the treatment region uses the fragment tissue of Brassica oleracea L.var.capitata (L.) Gaertn of 3.5kg/m2Uniformly spreading on the ground surface, and adding natural EM liquid 500ml/1000m2Uniformly spraying the fertilizer on the surfaces of the pieces of the tailed vegetables, carrying out submerged tillage for 5-10 cm, uniformly mixing the fertilizer with soil, watering the mixture sufficiently, covering a mulching film, carrying out fermentation for 40 days, removing the mulching film, and carrying out tillage, ventilation and moisture dissipation for 3 days.
And in the control area, soil disinfection, namely traditional pesticide disinfection, is carried out by adopting carbendazim and phoxim.
(2) Applying high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer 8-10 m in test field of 2017, 9 months and 17 days3/666.7m2NPK ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15)50kg/666.7m2Calcium superphosphate 40kg/666.7m250% phoxim granule 1kg/667m2And (3) turning the land backwards, uniformly mixing soil and fertilizer, raking the land, leveling the land, and then ridging according to land blocks, wherein the ridge width is 1.8cm, the height is 10cm, the furrow width is 30cm, and 3 drip irrigation belts with the hole pitch of 20cm are paved on the ridge surface.
(3) Planting in 2017 in 25 days in 9 months, and soaking the roots in 2000 times of amisida solution, 1000 times of kasugamycin solution and 500 times of rhizopus for no less than 5-10 minutes before planting; 3 days before planting, drip irrigation water permeable ridges, remove old leaves and inflorescences, plant in a double-row shape, plant bow back towards ditch, plant row spacing of 40 multiplied by 160cm, follow the principle of 'shallow root not exposing and deep core not burying' during planting, keep the core and stem parts of the parent plant seedlings level with the ground, and every 667m2Planting 1500 plants; immediately watering root fixing water and building a small arched shed after field planting, spraying leaf surfaces with 20000-30000 times of liquid, 500 times of liquid, 750 times of liquid, 1500 times of allicin and 1500 times of liquid on the surface of the water in a protective layer, irrigating roots with 1500 times of liquid, and 750 times of kasugamycin in a protective layer after 3 days of field planting, irrigating roots with 600-700 times of liquid, 1500 times of liquid, and 1500 times of liquid in autumn after 7 days of field planting, wherein the amount of liquid medicine in each plant is not less than 100 ml.
(4) Uncovering the small arched shed in 2017, 10 months and 15 days, covering mulching films on two sides of the stock plant, wherein the width of the mulching films is 25-30 cm, and immediately breaking the films to extract seedlings; combing the stolons in time after pumping, fixing the seedlings in time when the seedlings have 2 unfolded leaves, pressing the seedlings to promote the seedlings to root, and ensuring that the plant-row spacing of the seedlings is not less than 10cm during pressing; removing excessive stolons to ensure ventilation and light transmission, generally keeping 30-40 seedlings per stock plant, and controlling the number of produced seedlings to be 45000-60000 seedlings/666.7 m2And the other field management is the same as the conventional production.
Test results show that after the cabbage tail biological fumigation treatment of soil, the small shed building and the mulching film covering, the seedling protection rate of strawberry plants reaches 98.2%, while the seedling protection rate of a control field is only 68.7%, and the difference between the two is obvious. Investigation on the strong seedling rate of strawberry seedlings shows that the strong seedling rate of the seedlings in the treatment area is 85.5 percent, while the strong seedling rate of the seedlings in the control field is 59.6 percent, and the difference is obvious; investigation on the strawberry seedling reproduction rate shows that the strawberry seedling reproduction rate is 1: 42, the seedling reproduction rate of the control field is 1: 36; through soil sample detection, the organic matter content of the soil in the treatment area is 15.3 percent, which is 1.7 percent higher than that of the control field.
Example 2
Performing on Gansu rapeseed in 8 and 5 months in 2018, wherein the strawberry variety tested is Octopus, the root thickness is more than 1.2cm, the root system is developed, the seedling weight is more than 20g, the terminal flower bud differentiation is completed, and the seedling has no plant diseases and insect pests; test area 440m2The previous stubble of the land is winter wheat, and the traditional seedling protection method is used as a contrast.
(1) In 2018, 8 month and 5 days, the treatment region is treated with crushed tissue of cauliflower at a ratio of 5kg/m2Uniformly spreading on the ground surface, and adding 1000ml/1000m of natural EM liquid2Uniformly spraying the fertilizer on the surfaces of the pieces of the tailed vegetables, carrying out submerged tillage for 5-10 cm, uniformly mixing the fertilizer with soil, watering the mixture sufficiently, covering a mulching film, covering a greenhouse film, sealing the greenhouse, fermenting for 30 days, removing the mulching film, and carrying out plowing, ventilation and moisture dissipation for 5 days.
And in the control area, soil disinfection, namely traditional pesticide disinfection, is carried out by adopting carbendazim and phoxim.
(2) Applying high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer 8-10 m in test field of 9 months and 21 days in 20183/666.7m2NPK ternary compound fertilizer (15-15-15)50kg/666.7m2Calcium superphosphate 40kg/666.7m250% phoxim granule 1kg/667m2And (3) turning the land backwards, uniformly mixing soil and fertilizer, raking the land, leveling the land, and then ridging according to land blocks, wherein the ridge width is 1.8m, the height is 10cm, the furrow width is 30cm, and 3 drip irrigation belts with the hole pitch of 20cm are paved on the ridge surface.
(3) Carrying out field planting in 26 days in 2018 and 9 months, and soaking the roots for not less than 5-10 minutes by adopting 2000 times of amisida solution, 1000 times of kasugamycin solution and 500 times of rhizopus before field planting; 3 days before planting, drip irrigation water permeable ridges, remove old leaves and inflorescences, plant in a double-row shape, plant bow back towards ditch, plant row spacing of 40 multiplied by 160cm, follow the principle of 'shallow root not exposing and deep core not burying' during planting, keep the core and stem parts of the parent plant seedlings level with the ground, and every 667m2Planting 1500 plants(ii) a Immediately watering root fixing water and building a small arched shed after field planting, spraying leaf surfaces with 20000-30000 times of liquid, 500 times of liquid, 750 times of liquid, 1500 times of allicin and 1500 times of liquid on the surface of the water in a protective layer, irrigating roots with 1500 times of liquid, and 750 times of kasugamycin in a protective layer after 3 days of field planting, irrigating roots with 600-700 times of liquid, 1500 times of liquid, and 1500 times of liquid in autumn after 7 days of field planting, wherein the amount of liquid medicine in each plant is not less than 100 ml.
(4) Uncovering the small arched shed in 2018, 10 and 17 months, covering mulching films on two sides of the stock plant, wherein the width of the mulching films is 25-30 cm, and immediately breaking the films to extract seedlings; combing the stolons in time after pumping, fixing the seedlings in time when the seedlings have 2 unfolded leaves, pressing the seedlings to promote the seedlings to root, and ensuring that the plant-row spacing of the seedlings is not less than 10cm during pressing; removing excessive stolons to ensure ventilation and light transmission, generally keeping 30-40 seedlings per stock plant, and controlling the number of produced seedlings to be 45000-60000 seedlings/666.7 m2And the other field management is the same as the conventional production.
Test results show that after the cauliflower biological fumigation treatment of soil and mulching film covering, the seedling protection rate of strawberry plants reaches 96.5%, while the seedling protection rate of a control field is only 70.6%, and the difference between the two is obvious. Investigation on the strong seedling rate of strawberry seedlings shows that the strong seedling rate of the seedlings in the treatment area is 87.3 percent, while the strong seedling rate of the seedlings in the control field is 62.1 percent, and the difference is obvious; investigation on the strawberry seedling reproduction rate shows that the strawberry seedling reproduction rate is 1: 45, the seedling reproduction rate of the control field is 1: 36; through soil sample detection, the organic matter content of the soil in the treatment area is 14.9 percent, which is 1.3 percent higher than that of the control field.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A strawberry seedling breeding method in northwest cold arid regions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) soil preparation
Selecting a soil with loose soil and good lighting, and disinfecting the soil, wherein the disinfecting method comprises the following steps: uniformly paving broken tissues of brassicaceous brassica rapa on the ground surface in high-temperature periods of 7 and 8 months, uniformly spraying an organic fertilizer leavening agent on the surface of brassica rapa residues, carrying out submerged tillage for 5-10 cm, uniformly mixing with soil, watering, covering a mulching film, fermenting for 30-40 days, removing the mulching film, turning over, and fully ventilating and dehumidifying for 3-5 days; then fertilizing;
(2) ridging
After fertilization, turning over the land and uniformly mixing soil and fertilizer, raking the land and leveling the ground, and then ridging according to land blocks, wherein the ridge width is 1.8m, the height is 10cm, the furrow width is 30cm, and 3 drip irrigation belts with the hole pitch of 20cm are paved on the ridge surface;
(3) treatment of seedlings
Selecting strong and disease and pest free third generation detoxicated seedling, and root soaking before planting;
(4) planting of seedling
Planting in the first ten days of 9 to 10 months, dripping water and creeping ridges 3 days before planting, removing old leaves and inflorescences during planting, planting in a double-row shape like a Chinese character 'pin', enabling the plant bow back to face the ditch, enabling the row spacing of the plants to be 40 multiplied by 160cm, keeping the core and stem parts of the seedlings of the mother plants to be level to the ground according to the principle of 'no root exposure and no core burying in depth' during planting, and keeping the core and stem parts of the seedlings of the mother plants to be level to the ground every 667m2Planting 1500 plants, and immediately watering root fixing water after planting;
(5) building arched shed
After field planting, a small arched shed is built in time for heat preservation and moisture preservation, so that the survival of the stock plant is promoted, and the seedling reviving period is shortened;
(6) disease prevention
On the 2 nd day of planting, foliage spraying is carried out by using 20000-30000 times of liquid, 500 times of liquid, 750 times of liquid, 1500 times of ethylicin, and the like, after 3 days of planting, root irrigation is carried out by using 1500 times of Kanjin liquid, 1500 times of liquid, 750 times of kasugamycin, and after 7 days of planting, root irrigation is carried out by using 600-700 times of liquid, 1500 times of autumn liquid, and the amount of liquid medicine of each plant is not less than 100ml when root irrigation is carried out;
(7) mulching film
Removing the small arched shed after the stock plant survives, covering mulching films on two sides of the stock plant, wherein the width of each mulching film is 25-30 cm so as to ensure proper humidity and temperature, and immediately breaking the mulching films and lifting seedlings after the mulching;
(8) plant management
Combing timely after the stolons are extracted, fixing the seedlings in time to press the seedlings when the seedlings have 2 unfolded leaves so as to promote the seedlings to prick roots, and ensuring that the plant-row spacing of the seedlings is not less than 10cm during pressing; and removing excessive stolons to ensure ventilation and light transmission.
2. The method for breeding strawberry seedlings in northwest cold arid region according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the selected strawberry cultivation land is a land for planting wheat, melons and beans in previous crops.
3. The method for breeding strawberry seedlings in northwest cold arid region as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (1), the amount of the broken pieces of the tailed vegetables is 3.5-5 kg/m2。
4. The method for breeding strawberry seedlings in northwest cold arid region as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (1), the organic fertilizer starter is Tianyi EM original dew, and the dosage is 500-1000 ml/1000m2。
5. The method for breeding strawberry seedlings in northwest cold arid region as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (1), high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer with thickness of 8-10 m is used for fertilization3/667m215-15-1550kg/667m NPK ternary compound fertilizer2Calcium superphosphate 40kg/667m21kg/667m of 50 percent phoxim granules are applied along with the fertilizer2。
6. The method for breeding strawberry seedlings in northwest cold arid region as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (3), the root soaking adopts 2000 times of liquid amici, 1000 times of liquid kasugamycin and 500 times of liquid rhizopus, and the root soaking time is not less than 5-10 minutes.
7. The method for breeding strawberry seedlings in northwest cold arid region as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (8), 30-40 seedlings are kept per mother plant when excessive stolons are removed, and the number of seedlings produced is controlled at 45000-60000/666.7 m2。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN114342718A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-15 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Comprehensive control method for anthracnose of gentiana rigescens |
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