CN107305863A - 晶片的加工方法 - Google Patents
晶片的加工方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
提供一种晶片的加工方法,即使从在外周侧形成有环状加强部的晶片将环状加强部去除,也能够对晶片进行合适地对位。一种晶片的加工方法,从在器件区域(A1)的周围形成有环状加强部(71)的晶片(W)将环状加强部去除,其中,该晶片的加工方法包含如下的步骤:借助粘合带(T)将晶片支承在框架(F)上的步骤;在比环状加强部与器件区域之间的边界部(73)靠内径侧的位置形成与凹口(N)对应的标记(M)的步骤;将环状加强部与器件区域之间的边界部与粘合带一同切断而将器件区域与环状加强部分离的步骤;以及使环状加强部与框架一同从保持工作台脱离而将环状加强部去除的步骤。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及晶片的加工方法,将形成于器件区域的周围的环状加强部从晶片去除。
背景技术
通过切割装置等将形成有IC、LSI等多个器件的晶片按照每个器件分割成各个芯片,分割后的芯片被安装在各种电子设备中广泛地使用。为了实现电子设备的小型化、轻量化等,使晶片的厚度例如较薄地形成为50μm~100μm。由于这样的晶片的刚性降低,再加上产生翘曲,所以很难操作。因此,提出了如下方法:仅对晶片的与形成有器件的器件区域对应的背面侧进行磨削而在晶片的外周形成环状加强部从而提高晶片的刚性(例如,参照专利文献1)。
提出了如下方法:在沿着分割预定线对形成有环状加强部的晶片进行分割之前将环状加强部从晶片去除(例如,参照专利文献2)。在专利文献2所记载的方法中,在晶片的正面上粘贴有粘合带,借助粘合带将晶片支承在环状的框架的内侧而实现一体化。在该状态下,在通过激光加工将晶片的器件区域与环状加强部(外周剩余区域)的边界部与粘合带一同切断之后,将从晶片分离出的环状加强部与框架一同去除。
专利文献1:日本特开2007-019461号公报
专利文献2:日本特开2015-147231号公报
但是,在专利文献2所记载的晶片的加工方法中,当将环状加强部从晶片去除时,由于形成于环状加强部的对位用的凹口不复存在,所以存在很难在后续的工序中进行对位的问题。
发明内容
本发明是鉴于该点而完成的,其目的在于,提供晶片的加工方法,即使从在外周侧形成有环状加强部的晶片将环状加强部去除,也能够对晶片进行合适地对位。
根据本发明,提供晶片的加工方法,该晶片在正面上具有形成有多个器件的器件区域和围绕该器件区域的外周剩余区域,在外周缘具有表示晶体取向的凹口,并且在背面上形成有与该器件区域对应的圆形凹部和与该外周剩余区域对应的环状加强部,其中,该晶片的加工方法具有如下的步骤:晶片支承步骤,在具有对晶片进行收纳的开口部的环状框架的该开口部中收纳晶片,将该晶片的正面粘贴在外周部被安装在环状框架上的粘合带上,借助该粘合带将该晶片支承在该环状框架上;环状加强部分离步骤,利用保持工作台对支承在该环状框架上的晶片进行保持,照射对于晶片具有吸收性的波长的激光光线,从而将该环状加强部与该器件区域之间的边界部与该粘合带一同切断而将该器件区域与该环状加强部分离;标记形成步骤,在该环状加强部分离步骤之前或之后,在该环状加强部与该器件区域之间的边界部的内径侧形成与凹口对应的标记;以及环状加强部去除步骤,在实施了该环状加强部分离步骤和该标记形成步骤之后,使借助该粘合带而支承在该环状框架上的该环状加强部与该环状框架一同从该保持工作台脱离而将该环状加强部去除。
根据该结构,沿着器件区域与环状加强部的边界部照射激光光线而使环状加强部从晶片的器件区域分离。然后,通过使分离后的环状加强部从保持工作台脱离而将环状加强部从晶片去除。此时,由于在比器件区域与环状加强部的边界部靠内径侧的位置形成有与环状加强部的外周缘的凹口对应的标记,所以即使将环状加强部从晶片去除,标记也不会从晶片消失。因此,在后续的工序中,能够代替凹口而以标记为基准对晶片进行合适地对位。
优选本发明的晶片的加工方法还具有如下的位置关系检测步骤:在该标记形成步骤之后而且在该环状加强部分离步骤之前,利用检测单元对形成在晶片上的该标记与该凹口的位置关系进行检测。
根据本发明,通过在比器件区域与环状加强部的边界部靠内径侧的位置形成与环状加强部的外周缘的凹口对应的标记,即使将环状加强部从晶片去除,也能够在后续的工序中对晶片进行合适地对位。
附图说明
图1是本实施方式的激光加工装置的立体图。
图2是本实施方式的晶片和保持工作台的示意性剖视图。
图3是示出晶片支承步骤的一例的示意性剖视图。
图4的(A)、(B)和(C)是示出标记形成步骤的一例的示意性剖视图。
图5是示出环状加强部分离步骤的一例的示意性剖视图。
图6是示出环状加强部去除步骤的一例的图。
图7是示出位置关系检测步骤的一例的图。
标号说明
1:激光加工装置;30:保持工作台;71:环状加强部;72:外周边缘;73:边界部;A1:器件区域;A2:外周剩余区域;F:框架;M:标记;N:凹口;T:粘合带;W:晶片。
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图对本实施方式的晶片的加工方法进行说明。图1是在本实施方式的晶片的加工方法中使用的激光加工装置的立体图。另外,只要激光加工装置能够在本实施方式的晶片的加工方法中使用,则并不仅限于图1所示的结构。
如图1所示,激光加工装置1构成为使照射激光光线的激光光线照射单元40和保持有晶片W的保持工作台30相对移动而对晶片W进行加工。晶片W被正面上排列的格子状的分割预定线(未图示)划分成多个区域,在分割预定线所划分的各区域内形成有器件(未图示)。晶片W的正面被分为形成有多个器件的器件区域A1和围绕器件区域A1的外周剩余区域A2。并且,在晶片W的外周缘形成有示出晶体取向的凹口N(参照图4的(B))。
关于晶片W,对器件区域A1的背面进行磨削而形成圆形凹部,在外周剩余区域A2的背面形成凸状的环状加强部71。本说明书中,有时将该晶片W称为TAIKO晶片。由于仅对晶片W的器件区域A1进行薄化,所以通过器件区域A1的周围的环状加强部71来提高晶片W的刚性。由此,通过环状加强部71来补充因晶片W的器件区域A1薄化而导致的刚性不足,从而抑制晶片W的翘曲而防止搬送时等的破损。另外,晶片W可以是硅、砷化镓等半导体晶片,也可以是陶瓷、玻璃、蓝宝石类的光器件晶片。
并且,将粘合带T的中央部分粘贴在晶片W的正面上,并将环状的框架F粘贴在粘合带T的外周部分。在对形成有该环状加强部71的晶片W实施规定的加工之后,通过激光加工装置1将环状加强部71去除。与使用切削刀具的机械切割相比,凭借激光加工能够不与环状加强部71干涉地进行切除。另外,规定的加工是对形成有环状加强部71的晶片W实施的加工,例如,是在晶片W的器件区域A1的背面形成反射膜的加工。
在激光加工装置1的基台10上设置有使保持工作台30在X轴方向和Y轴方向上移动的保持工作台移动机构20。保持工作台移动机构20具有:一对导轨21,它们配置在基台10上并与X轴方向平行;以及由电动机驱动的X轴工作台22,其以能够在一对导轨21上滑动的方式设置。并且,保持工作台移动机构20具有:一对导轨23,它们配置在X轴工作台22的上表面上并与Y轴方向平行;以及由电动机驱动的Y轴工作台24,其以能够在一对导轨23上滑动的方式设置。
在X轴工作台22和Y轴工作台24的背面侧分别形成有未图示的螺母部,这些螺母部与滚珠丝杠25、26螺合。并且,通过使与滚珠丝杠25、26的一端部连结的驱动电动机27、28旋转驱动而使保持工作台30沿着导轨21、23在X轴方向和Y轴方向上移动。并且,在Y轴工作台24上设置有对晶片W进行保持的保持工作台30,该保持工作台30能够绕Z轴旋转。在保持工作台30的上表面上形成有保持面31,在保持工作台30的周围设置有对晶片W的周围的框架F进行夹持固定的夹持部32。
在保持工作台30的后方的立壁部11上突出设置有臂部12,在臂部12的前端以在上下方向上与保持工作台30对置的方式设置有激光光线照射单元40。在激光光线照射单元40的加工头41中,从未图示的振荡器振荡出的激光光线被聚光器会聚,并朝向保持在保持工作台30上的晶片W照射。在该情况下,激光光线的波长是对于晶片W具有吸收性的波长,通过对晶片W照射激光光线,晶片W的一部分升华而被激光烧蚀。
另外,烧蚀是指如下的现象:当激光光线的照射强度成为规定的加工阈值以上时,在固体表面转换成电、热、光和力学能量,其结果是,爆发性地释放出中性原子、分子、正负离子、自由基、簇、电子和光,固体表面被蚀刻。
并且,在激光光线照射单元40的侧方设置有对晶片W的外周边缘72(参照图4的(B))进行拍摄的拍摄单元45。通过拍摄单元45对晶片W的外周边缘72的任意的3个部位进行拍摄,并对各拍摄图像实施各种图像处理,从而检测出外周边缘72的3个点的坐标。根据该外周边缘72的3个点的坐标计算出晶片W的中心,以晶片W的中心为基准对加工头41进行对准。通过该对准而将加工头41高精度地定位于器件区域A1与环状加强部71(外周剩余区域A2)之间的边界部73。
并且,在激光加工装置1中设置有对装置各部分进行集中控制的控制部50。控制部50由执行各种处理的处理器和存储器等构成。存储器根据用途由ROM(Read Only Memory:只读存储器)、RAM(Random Access Memory:随机存取存储器)等一个或多个存储介质构成。在控制部50的ROM中存储有执行后述的各步骤的各种处理的程序。在这样的激光加工装置1中,通过沿着器件区域A1与环状加强部71的边界部73而进行的激光加工,将环状加强部71从晶片W切除。
此外,当在晶片W的器件区域A1的背面形成有金属制成的反射膜等的情况下,利用IR照相机等无法从晶片W的背面侧看到正面图案,不能对晶片W的方向进行确认。因此,为了从背面侧也能够对晶片W的方向进行确认,在本实施方式的晶片W的外周缘上形成有对位用凹口N。但是,当将环状加强部71从晶片W去除时,由于形成于环状加强部71的对位用的凹口N不复存在,所以无法在后续的工序中以凹口N为基准进行对位。
因此,在本实施方式的晶片W的加工方法中,在将环状加强部71从晶片W切断之前,在比器件区域A1与环状加强部71之间的边界部73靠内径侧的位置形成与凹口N对应的标记M(参照图4的(C))。由此,即使将环状加强部71从晶片W去除,也能够在后续的工序中对晶片W进行合适地对位。
这里,对在本实施方式的晶片的加工方法中使用的保持工作台进行简单地说明。图2是本实施方式的晶片和保持工作台的剖视示意图。另外,保持工作台并不仅限于图2所示的结构,能够进行适当变更。
如图2所示,在保持工作台30的上表面形成有环状的退刀槽33,在烧蚀加工时该退刀槽33供激光光线退避。退刀槽33对应于晶片W的器件区域A1与环状加强部71之间的边界部73,沿着保持工作台30的外周而形成。在保持工作台30的上表面上,退刀槽33的径向内侧成为对晶片W进行保持的保持面31,该保持面31与晶片W的器件区域A1对应。在保持工作台30的保持面31上,在中心形成有垂直的十字状的吸引槽34(参照图1)和以十字状的吸引槽34的交点为中心的同心圆状的环状的吸引槽35。
十字状的吸引槽34和环状的吸引槽35通过保持工作台30内的流路而与吸引源(未图示)连接。通过产生于该吸引槽34、35的负压,将晶片W隔着粘合带T吸引保持在保持面31上。并且,在保持工作台30的上表面上,退刀槽33的径向外侧的环状的支承面36形成为与保持面31相同的高度,该支承面36与晶片W的外侧的粘合带T对应。由此,通过保持面31和支承面36以水平状态对粘合带T进行支承,防止环状加强部71向退刀槽33内落入。
退刀槽33的槽底37倾斜成朝向保持工作台30的中心变深。在槽底37的锥形的表面上,通过喷砂等而形成有使激光光线散乱的微细的凹凸。由于该槽底37的倾斜使激光光线的反射光的朝向相对于光源偏离,并通过微细的凹凸使激光光线的强度减弱,由此,抑制了因反射光造成的光源的破损。并且,对晶片W进行拍摄时也同样地,拍摄光的反射光的朝向相对于拍摄单元45(参照图4的(A))偏离,并通过微细的凹凸使拍摄光的反射光减弱,所以在拍摄图像中,使表示晶片W的外周边缘72的明暗的对比更明确。
接着,参照图3到图7,对本实施方式的晶片的加工方法进行详细地说明。图3是示出晶片支承步骤的一例的图,图4是示出标记形成步骤的一例的图,图5是示出环状加强部分离步骤的一例的图,图6是示出环状加强部去除步骤的一例的图,图7是示出位置关系检测步骤的一例的图。另外,以下的晶片的加工方法是示出了一例的加工方法,能够进行适当变更。另外,图4的(A)示出了对晶片的拍摄处理,图4的(B)和图4的(C)示出了对晶片的标记处理。
如图3所示,首先实施晶片支承步骤。在晶片支承步骤中,将晶片W收纳在环状框架F的开口部,将粘合带T粘贴在晶片W的正面和框架F上。由此,在使环状加强部71朝向上方的状态下,借助粘合带T将晶片W支承在框架F上。晶片W在借助粘合带T支承在框架F的内侧的状态下搬入到上述的激光加工装置1(参照图1)中。另外,可以通过操作者的手动作业来实施晶片支承步骤,也可以通过未图示的带安装机来实施晶片支承步骤。
如图4所示,在晶片支承步骤之后实施标记形成步骤的拍摄处理。如图4的(A)所示,在标记形成步骤的拍摄处理中,将晶片W保持在激光加工装置1(参照图1)的保持工作台30上,通过夹持部32对晶片W的周围的框架F进行夹持固定。然后,将晶片W的环状加强部71定位在拍摄单元45的下方,通过拍摄单元45对晶片W的外周边缘72进行拍摄。此时,从拍摄单元45对晶片W的外周边缘72周边照射拍摄光,将外周边缘72周边的反射光取入拍摄单元45,从而生成拍摄图像。
环状加强部71的水平的上表面76存在于外周边缘72的内侧,来自拍摄单元45的落射光(拍摄光)在环状加强部71的上表面76反射(halation:成晕)而被取入拍摄单元45。另一方面,退刀槽33存在于外周边缘72的外侧,来自拍摄单元45的落射光透过粘合带T而在退刀槽33的锥形的槽底37反射。在槽底37发生了反射的光朝向晶片W的中心并且因槽底37的微细的凹凸而散乱。因此,在外周边缘72的外侧发生了反射的反射光很难被取入拍摄单元45。
在外周边缘72周边的拍摄图像中,外周边缘72的内侧因反射光被取入拍摄单元45而较亮地显示,而外周边缘72的外侧因反射光很难被取入拍摄单元45而较暗地显示。因此,晶片W的外周边缘72处的明暗的对比变得明确,能够准确地识别出晶片W的外周边缘72。这样,在晶片W的多个部位(在本实施方式中为3个部位)对晶片W的外周边缘72进行拍摄,从各个拍摄图像检测出外周边缘72的坐标。然后,根据多个外周边缘72的坐标来计算出晶片W的中心O(参照图4的(B))。
如图4的(B)所示,在标记形成步骤的拍摄处理之后实施标记处理。在标记处理中,在与环状加强部71与器件区域A1之间的边界部73(即在后续的环状加强部分离步骤中形成的激光加工痕79)相比靠内径侧的位置,形成与凹口N对应的标记M(参照图4的(C))。在该情况下,将标记位置P定位在加工头41(参照图4的(C))的正下方,其中,该标记位置P在将晶片W的中心O与凹口N连结起来的直线L1上位于比边界部73靠内侧的位置。另外,可以根据预先存储的距晶片W的中心O的距离和方向来检测凹口N的位置,也可以通过拍摄单元45与外周边缘72一同检测出凹口N的位置。
然后,如图4的(C)所示,在将激光光线的会聚位置调整在晶片W的正面附近之后,朝向晶片W的比器件区域A1与环状加强部71之间的边界部73靠内侧的标记位置P照射激光光线。如上述那样,由于激光光线的波长是对于晶片W具有吸收性的波长,所以在标记位置P晶片W的正面被局部去除,形成与凹口N对应的定位用的标记M。另外,对晶片W的正面进行标记的标记单元并不仅限于上述的激光光线照射单元40,也可以是对晶片W的正面标记墨水的喷墨式的涂布单元。
如图5所示,在标记形成步骤之后实施环状加强部分离步骤。在环状加强部分离步骤中,在将晶片W保持在保持工作台30上的状态下,利用对于晶片W具有吸收性的激光光线对器件区域A1与环状加强部71之间的边界部73进行分离。在该情况下,将器件区域A1与环状加强部71的边界部73定位在加工头41的正下方。然后,在对激光光线的聚光点进行调整之后,朝向器件区域A1与环状加强部71之间的边界部73照射激光光线。
在照射激光光线的状态下使保持工作台30旋转,由此,将器件区域A1与环状加强部71的边界部73与粘合带T一同切断而将器件区域A1与环状加强部71分离。此时,激光光线贯穿晶片W和粘合带T而在退刀槽33的槽底37朝向保持工作台30的中心反射。并且,由于在槽底37设置有微细的凹凸,所以激光光线发生散乱而强度减弱。因此,在槽底37发生了反射的激光光线很难朝向加工头41反射,即使假设激光光线朝向加工头41反射,由于强度降低,所以也不会对光源造成损伤。
另外,在环状加强部分离步骤中,沿着器件区域A1与环状加强部71的边界部73进行切断,但当切断宽度较窄时,存在切断宽度被烧蚀加工所产生的碎屑掩埋的可能性。因此,也可以同心圆状地重复实施环状加强部分离步骤以便扩大器件区域A1与环状加强部71之间的边界部73的切断宽度,使器件区域A1与环状加强部71完全分离。
如图6所示,在环状加强部分离步骤之后实施环状加强部去除步骤。在环状加强部去除步骤中,解除夹持部32对框架F的夹持固定,将搬送单元60定位在保持工作台30的上方。然后,通过搬送单元60的吸附垫61对框架F进行保持,使借助粘合带T而支承在框架F上的环状加强部71与框架F一同从保持工作台30脱离。由此,在保持工作台30上,环状加强部71从晶片W去除而仅残留晶片W的器件区域A1。
但是,当将环状加强部71从晶片W去除时,无法准确地检查出凹口N与标记M是否对应。因此,如图7所示,也可以在标记形成步骤之后而且在环状加强部分离步骤之前实施位置关系检测步骤,对形成在晶片W上的标记M与凹口N的位置关系进行检测。在位置关系检测步骤中,将晶片W的标记M定位在拍摄单元45(参照图4的(A))的正下方,通过拍摄单元45对晶片W上的标记M进行拍摄。然后,从拍摄图像检测标记M的准确的坐标而对标记M相对于凹口N的详细的位置关系进行检测。
在该情况下,也可以求出将晶片W的中心O与凹口N连结起来的直线L1相对于将晶片W的中心O与标记M连结起来的直线L2的角度θ。由此,能够确认从晶片W的中心O观察的凹口N的朝向与标记M的朝向之间的角度偏移。标记M相对于该凹口N的角度偏移和标记M的坐标能够在后续的工序中使用于晶片W的分割预定线(未图示)与加工单元的对位等。另外,对标记M与凹口N的详细的位置关系进行检测的检测单元并不仅限于上述的拍摄单元45,只要是能够识别晶片W上的标记M的结构便没有特别地限定。
如上述那样,在本实施方式的晶片W的加工方法中,沿着器件区域A1与环状加强部71的边界部73照射激光光线,将环状加强部71从晶片W的器件区域A1分离。然后,通过使分离后的环状加强部71从保持工作台30脱离,将环状加强部71从晶片W去除。此时,由于在比器件区域A1与环状加强部71的边界部73靠内径侧的位置形成有与环状加强部71的外周缘的凹口N对应的标记M,所以即使将环状加强部71从晶片W去除,标记M也不会从晶片W消失。因此,在后续的工序中,能够代替凹口N而以标记M为基准对晶片W进行合适地对位。
另外,本发明并不仅限于上述实施方式,能够实施各种变更。在上述实施方式中,附图中图示的大小或形状等并不仅限于此,能够在发挥本发明的效果的范围内进行适当变更。另外,只要在不脱离本发明的目的的范围内便能够实施适当变更。
例如,在上述的实施方式中,构成为在保持工作台30的上表面上形成退刀槽33,但并不仅限于该结构。如果不会因激光光线的反射对光源造成损伤,则也可以不在保持工作台30的上表面上形成退刀槽33。
例如,在上述的实施方式中,构成为在环状加强部分离步骤之前实施标记形成步骤,但并不仅限于该结构。也可以在环状加强部分离步骤之后实施标记形成步骤。
并且,在上述的实施方式中,构成为在将晶片W的中心O与凹口N连结起来的直线L1上在比器件区域A1与环状加强部71之间的边界部73靠内径侧的位置形成标记M,但并不仅限于该结构。标记M形成在比器件区域A1与环状加强部71之间的边界部73靠内径侧而且与凹口N对应的位置即可。例如,也可以在与将晶片W的中心O与凹口N连结起来的直线L1垂直的直线上在比器件区域A1与环状加强部71之间的边界部73靠内径侧的位置形成该标记M。即,与凹口N对应的标记M表示的是与凹口N具有明确的位置关系的标记M。
并且,在上述的实施方式中,构成为利用同一激光加工装置1来实施标记形成步骤、环状加强部分离步骤、环状加强部去除步骤和位置关系检测步骤,但并不仅限于该结构。也可以利用各个装置来实施各步骤。
如以上说明的那样,本发明具有如下效果:即使从在外周侧形成有环状加强部的晶片将环状加强部去除,也能够对晶片进行合适地对位,特别是对将环状加强部从在器件区域的背面形成有金属制的反射膜的晶片去除的晶片的加工方法有用。
Claims (2)
1.一种晶片的加工方法,该晶片在正面上具有形成有多个器件的器件区域和围绕该器件区域的外周剩余区域,在外周缘具有表示晶体取向的凹口,并且在背面上形成有与该器件区域对应的圆形凹部和与该外周剩余区域对应的环状加强部,其中,该晶片的加工方法具有如下的步骤:
晶片支承步骤,在具有对晶片进行收纳的开口部的环状框架的该开口部中收纳晶片,将该晶片的正面粘贴在外周部被安装在环状框架上的粘合带上,借助该粘合带将该晶片支承在该环状框架上;
环状加强部分离步骤,利用保持工作台对支承在该环状框架上的晶片进行保持,照射对于晶片具有吸收性的波长的激光光线,从而将该环状加强部与该器件区域之间的边界部与该粘合带一同切断而将该器件区域与该环状加强部分离;
标记形成步骤,在该环状加强部分离步骤之前或之后,在该环状加强部与该器件区域之间的边界部的内径侧形成与凹口对应的标记;以及
环状加强部去除步骤,在实施了该环状加强部分离步骤和该标记形成步骤之后,使借助该粘合带而支承在该环状框架上的该环状加强部与该环状框架一同从该保持工作台脱离而将该环状加强部去除。
2.根据权利要求1所述的晶片的加工方法,其中,
该晶片的加工方法还具有如下的位置关系检测步骤:在该标记形成步骤之后而且在该环状加强部分离步骤之前,利用检测单元对形成在晶片上的该标记与该凹口的位置关系进行检测。
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