CN107182501B - Cultivation method for improving yield of strong gluten wheat - Google Patents

Cultivation method for improving yield of strong gluten wheat Download PDF

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CN107182501B
CN107182501B CN201710421509.7A CN201710421509A CN107182501B CN 107182501 B CN107182501 B CN 107182501B CN 201710421509 A CN201710421509 A CN 201710421509A CN 107182501 B CN107182501 B CN 107182501B
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wheat
fertilizer
seeds
cultivation method
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CN107182501A (en
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孟祥海
李强
常旭虹
赵明辉
李丁
魏建伟
孙书娈
乔文臣
李会敏
赵凤梧
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Dry Land Farming Institute of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/08Immunising seed

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Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method for improving yield of strong gluten wheat, which specifically comprises the following steps: soaking semen Tritici Aestivi in medicinal liquid prepared from rhizoma corydalis and herba Portulacae; before sowing, exposing the wheat seeds obtained in the step S1 for 0.5-1.5h, and then dressing seeds with a seed dressing solution, wherein the seed dressing solution comprises wood vinegar liquid, a film-forming agent and water; fertilizing: applying farmyard manure per mu, taking phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer as base fertilizer and urea as seed fertilizer, and applying the farmyard manure with the dosage of 10-30 kilograms per mu along with sowing; ear period management: spraying the liquid medicine prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass on leaf surfaces for 1-2 times: 5-10 parts of rheum officinale, 2-5 parts of pepper, 2-5 parts of gelsemium elegans, 1-5 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis and 2-3 parts of sodium chloride. The invention uses corydalis tuber and purslane to soak wheat seeds and uses pyroligneous liquor to mix the wheat seeds, thereby improving the disease resistance of wheat, the applied liquid medicine is nontoxic, harmless, green and safe, the management is scientific, the yield and the quality of high gluten wheat are greatly improved, and the invention has great popularization value.

Description

Cultivation method for improving yield of strong gluten wheat
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation methods, and particularly relates to a cultivation method for improving yield of strong gluten wheat.
Background
Wheat is one of the main food crops in China, contains starch, protein, sugar, fat, vitamin B, lecithin, arginine and various enzymes, and has extremely high nutritional value. In northern areas of China, such as the east China wheat area or the northern part of Huang-Huai, wheat is planted in large quantities. Wheat has various varieties, among which strong gluten wheat is mainly used as a raw material for processing bread, fried puffy products, spaghetti and the like, and has high requirements for quality, especially for safety, and the demand is increasing. However, due to the limitations of the prior art, the improvement of wheat yield and quality is in a state of substantial stagnation. In the prior art, management such as cultivation and seeding of high gluten wheat is not scientific, most of applied medicines are chemical medicines, so that the residual is easy to happen, and the quality is reduced.
Therefore, the research on the cultivation method which can promote the yield of the high gluten wheat and ensure the green, environment-friendly and pollution-free has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a cultivation method for improving yield of strong gluten wheat, which comprises the following steps:
s1, soaking seeds: soaking semen Tritici Aestivi in medicinal liquid prepared from rhizoma corydalis and herba Portulacae for 20-40min, taking out, air drying, repeatedly soaking, air drying for 1-3 times;
s2, seed dressing: before sowing, exposing the wheat seeds obtained in the step S1 for 0.5-1.5h, and then dressing seeds with a seed dressing solution, wherein the seed dressing solution comprises wood vinegar liquid, a film-forming agent and water, and the wood vinegar liquid, the film-forming agent, the water and the wheat seeds are respectively in parts by mass: 1-3 parts, 2-5 parts, 5-10 parts and 50-100 parts;
s3, fertilizing: applying 1500-3000 kg of farmyard manure per mu, using phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer as base fertilizer, wherein the amount of the phosphate fertilizer is 8-12 kg and the potash fertilizer is 6-10 kg per mu, using urea as seed fertilizer, and applying the urea at the time of sowing, wherein the amount of the urea is 10-30 kg per mu;
s4, ear period management: spraying the liquid medicine prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass on leaf surfaces for 1-2 times: 5-10 parts of rheum officinale, 2-5 parts of pepper, 2-5 parts of gelsemium elegans, 1-5 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 2-3 parts of sodium chloride and sterile water are added to prepare a liquid medicine with the concentration of 0.5% -0.8%;
s5, grouting period: nitrogen fertilizer is supplemented and timely irrigation is carried out.
Preferably, the preparation process of the rhizoma corydalis and purslane liquid medicine in the step S1 is as follows: weighing corydalis tuber and purslane according to the following weight parts: 3-5 parts of corydalis tuber and 2-4 parts of purslane, sun-drying, baking, crushing into powder of 40 meshes, adding sterile water, boiling for 1-1.5h, filtering to obtain filtrate, cooling to room temperature, and adding sterile water to obtain the liquid medicine.
Preferably, the soaking time in step S1 is 30min, and the soaking and air drying are repeated for 2 times.
Preferably, in step S2, the wood vinegar, the film-forming agent, the water and the wheat seeds are respectively in parts by mass: 1 part, 4 parts, 8 parts and 80 parts.
Preferably, the preparation process of the chemical solution in step S4 is: according to the weight portion, 5-10 portions of rumex madaio, 2-5 portions of pepper, 2-5 portions of gelsemium elegans and 1-5 portions of sophora flavescens are pulverized and mixed, then 100-400 portions of water are added, the mixture is heated for 1-3 hours at 50-100 ℃, the filtrate is filtered, 2-3 portions of sodium chloride are added, the mixture is fully dissolved, the mixture is uniformly stirred, cooled to room temperature, and then sterile water is added, thus obtaining the traditional Chinese medicine preparation.
Preferably, the dosage of each raw material is respectively as follows: 6 parts of rheum officinale, 3 parts of pepper, 3 parts of gelsemium elegans, 2 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis and 2 parts of sodium chloride.
Preferably, the film forming agent is polyvinyl acetate emulsion.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method uses the corydalis tuber and the purslane to soak wheat seeds and uses the pyroligneous liquid to mix the wheat seeds, thereby improving the disease resistance of the wheat, the applied liquid medicine is nontoxic, harmless, green and safe, the management is scientific, the yield and the quality of the high gluten wheat are greatly improved, the cultivation management method is simple and easy to master, and the popularization value is very high.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention should not be construed as being limited thereto.
The invention provides a cultivation method for improving yield of strong gluten wheat, which comprises the following steps:
s1, soaking seeds: soaking semen Tritici Aestivi in medicinal liquid prepared from rhizoma corydalis and herba Portulacae for 20-40min, taking out, air drying, and repeating soaking and air drying for 1-3 times. Through the soaking of the liquid medicine, the seed germination can be promoted, the root system of the seed can deeply dig into the soil when the seed grows, and the lodging resistance can be improved.
S2, seed dressing: before sowing, exposing the wheat seeds obtained in the step S1 for 0.5-1.5h, and then dressing seeds with a seed dressing solution, wherein the seed dressing solution comprises wood vinegar liquid, a film-forming agent and water, and the wood vinegar liquid, the film-forming agent, the water and the wheat seeds are respectively in parts by mass: 1-3 parts, 2-5 parts, 5-10 parts and 50-100 parts. The seed dressing with wood vinegar liquid can raise the disease resistance of wheat, raise its antibacterial capacity and raise the seed yield.
S3, fertilizing: 1500-3000 kg of farmyard manure is applied per mu, 8-12 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 6-10 kg of potash fertilizer are used as base fertilizers, and 10-30 kg of urea is used as seed fertilizers and applied along with sowing. The nitrogen-containing fertilizer can not only improve the grain number per ear, but also increase the grain yield of wheat, and can effectively improve the lodging resistance and premature senility resistance of wheat stalks.
S4, ear period management: spraying the liquid medicine prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass on leaf surfaces for 1-2 times: 5-10 parts of rheum officinale, 2-5 parts of pepper, 2-5 parts of gelsemium elegans, 1-5 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 2-3 parts of sodium chloride and sterile water are added to prepare a liquid medicine with the concentration of 0.5% -0.8%, and the application amount is 8-12 kg of liquid medicine per mu. The liquid medicine is non-toxic and harmless, can effectively prevent diseases and insect pests, has long pesticide effect duration and ensures the healthy growth of wheat.
S5, grouting period: supplementing nitrogen fertilizer, irrigating at proper time, and applying 3-5 kg of urea per mu. Supplementing nitrogen fertilizer according to actual soil and wheat growth conditions, and irrigating at proper time to ensure the yield of wheat.
Further, the preparation process of the rhizoma corydalis and purslane liquid medicine in step S1 is as follows: weighing corydalis tuber and purslane according to the following weight parts: 3-5 parts of corydalis tuber and 2-4 parts of purslane, sun-drying, baking, crushing into powder of 40 meshes, adding sterile water, boiling for 1-1.5h, filtering to obtain filtrate, cooling to room temperature, and adding sterile water to obtain the liquid medicine.
Further, the soaking time in step S1 is 30min, and the soaking and air drying are repeated for 2 times.
Further, in step S2, the seed dressing solution includes pyroligneous liquor, film-forming agent and water, and the pyroligneous liquor, the film-forming agent, the water and the wheat seeds are, in parts by mass: 1 part, 4 parts, 8 parts and 80 parts.
Further, the preparation process of the chemical solution in step S4 is: according to the weight portion, 5-10 portions of rhubarb root, 2-5 portions of Chinese prickly ash, 2-5 portions of gelsemium elegans and 1-5 portions of flavescent sophora root are pulverized and mixed, then 100-400 portions of water are added, heated for 1-3 hours at 50-100 deg.C, the filtrate is filtered, 2-3 portions of sodium chloride are added, fully dissolved, uniformly stirred, cooled to room temperature and added with sterile water to prepare the medicinal liquid with the concentration of 0.5% -0.8%.
Further, the dosage of each raw material is respectively as follows: 6 parts of rheum officinale, 3 parts of pepper, 3 parts of gelsemium elegans, 2 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis and 2 parts of sodium chloride.
Further, the film-forming agent is polyvinyl acetate emulsion.
The invention also includes the following specific embodiments.
Example 1:
the invention provides a cultivation method for improving yield of strong gluten wheat, which comprises the following steps:
s1, soaking seeds: soaking semen Tritici Aestivi in medicinal liquid prepared from rhizoma corydalis and herba Portulacae for 30min, taking out, air drying, and repeating soaking and air drying for 2 times. Corydalis tuber 20 g and purslane 15 g, drying in the sun, baking, crushing into powder of 40 meshes, adding sterile water, boiling for 1h, filtering to obtain filtrate, cooling to room temperature, adding sterile water to prepare 1L solution, wherein the seed soaking amount is 1L for each 1kg of wheat seeds.
S2, seed dressing: before sowing, exposing the wheat seeds obtained in the step S1 for 1h, and then mixing the seeds with a seed mixing liquid, wherein the seed mixing liquid comprises wood vinegar liquid, a film-forming agent and water, and the wood vinegar liquid, the polyvinyl acetate emulsion, the water and the wheat seeds are respectively in parts by mass: 1 part, 4 parts, 8 parts and 80 parts.
S3, fertilizing: 2500 kilograms of farmyard manure is applied to each mu, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are used as base fertilizer, the using amount of the phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer is 10 kilograms and 8 kilograms, and urea is used as seed fertilizer and is applied along with sowing, and the using amount of the urea is 25 kilograms.
S4, ear period management: spraying the liquid medicine prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass on leaf surfaces for 2 times: 6 parts of rheum officinale, 3 parts of pepper, 3 parts of gelsemium elegans, 2 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis and 2 parts of sodium chloride. Crushing and mixing the rhubarb, the pepper, the gelsemium elegans and the lightyellow sophora root, adding 300 parts of water, heating for 2 hours at 90 ℃, filtering out filtrate, adding 2 parts of sodium chloride, fully dissolving, uniformly stirring, cooling to room temperature, adding sterile water to obtain a liquid medicine with the concentration of 0.7 percent, wherein the application amount is 9 kilograms of the liquid medicine per mu. Sterile water is added to prepare a liquid medicine with the concentration of 0.7 percent, and the application amount is 10 kilograms of liquid medicine per mu.
S5, grouting period: and (3) supplementing nitrogen fertilizer, irrigating at proper time, and applying 4 kilograms of urea per mu.
Example 2:
the invention provides a cultivation method for improving yield of strong gluten wheat, which comprises the following steps:
s1, soaking seeds: soaking semen Tritici Aestivi in medicinal liquid prepared from rhizoma corydalis and herba Portulacae for 20min, taking out, air drying, and repeating soaking and air drying for 3 times. Rhizoma corydalis 15 g and herba Portulacae 15 g, sun drying, baking, pulverizing into 40 mesh powder, adding sterile water, boiling for 1h, filtering to obtain filtrate, cooling to room temperature, adding sterile water to obtain 1L solution, soaking seeds with 1L solution for each 1kg wheat seeds
S2, seed dressing: before sowing, exposing the wheat seeds obtained in the step S1 for 1h, and then mixing the seeds with a seed mixing liquid, wherein the seed mixing liquid comprises wood vinegar liquid, a film-forming agent and water, and the wood vinegar liquid, the polyvinyl acetate emulsion, the water and the wheat seeds are respectively in parts by mass: 2 parts, 5 parts, 10 parts and 100 parts.
S3, fertilizing: 2800 kg of farmyard manure is applied to each mu, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are used as base fertilizer, the dosage is 10 kg of phosphate fertilizer and 9 kg of potash fertilizer per mu, urea is used as seed fertilizer, and the dosage is 20 kg per mu when the seed fertilizer is applied along with sowing.
S4, ear period management: spraying the liquid medicine prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass on leaf surfaces for 2 times: 8 parts of rheum officinale, 3 parts of pepper, 4 parts of gelsemium elegans, 4 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis and 2 parts of sodium chloride. Pulverizing radix Rumicis, fructus Zanthoxyli, herba Clinopodii and radix Sophorae Flavescentis, mixing, adding 300 parts of water, heating at 80 deg.C for 2 hr, filtering to obtain filtrate, adding 2 parts of sodium chloride, dissolving completely, stirring, cooling to room temperature, adding sterile water to obtain 0.6% medicinal liquid, and applying at 9 kg/mu.
S5, grouting period: and (3) supplementing nitrogen fertilizer, irrigating at proper time, and applying 4 kilograms of urea per mu.
The high gluten wheat planting methods of examples 1-2 were used as experimental groups and the wheat planting method of the prior art was used as a control group, respectively.
The results of the experiment are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 comparison of yield and composition of experimental and control groups
Figure BDA0001315038400000071
The wheat yield per mu of the experimental group is obviously improved, and the purpose of increasing the yield is achieved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method uses the corydalis tuber and the purslane to soak wheat seeds and uses the pyroligneous liquid to mix the wheat seeds, thereby improving the disease resistance of the wheat, the applied liquid medicine is nontoxic, harmless, green and safe, the management is scientific, the yield and the quality of the high gluten wheat are greatly improved, the cultivation management method is simple and easy to master, and the popularization value is very high.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (6)

1. A cultivation method for improving yield of strong gluten wheat is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, soaking seeds: soaking semen Tritici Aestivi in medicinal liquid prepared from rhizoma corydalis and herba Portulacae for 20-40min, taking out, air drying, repeatedly soaking, air drying for 1-3 times;
s2, seed dressing: before sowing, exposing the wheat seeds obtained in the step S1 for 0.5-1.5h, and then dressing seeds with a seed dressing solution, wherein the seed dressing solution comprises wood vinegar liquid, a film-forming agent and water, and the wood vinegar liquid, the film-forming agent, the water and the wheat seeds are respectively in parts by mass: 1-3 parts, 2-5 parts, 5-10 parts and 50-100 parts; the film-forming agent is polyvinyl acetate emulsion;
s3, fertilizing: applying 1500-3000 kg of farmyard manure per mu, using phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer as base fertilizer, wherein the amount of the phosphate fertilizer is 8-12 kg and the potash fertilizer is 6-10 kg per mu, using urea as seed fertilizer, and applying the urea at the time of sowing, wherein the amount of the urea is 10-30 kg per mu;
s4, ear period management: spraying the liquid medicine prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass on leaf surfaces for 1-2 times: 5-10 parts of rheum officinale, 2-5 parts of pepper, 2-5 parts of gelsemium elegans, 1-5 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 2-3 parts of sodium chloride and sterile water are added to prepare a liquid medicine with the concentration of 0.5% -0.8%;
s5, grouting period: supplementing nitrogen fertilizer, irrigating at proper time, and applying 3-5 kg of urea per mu.
2. The cultivation method for increasing yield of strong gluten wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation process of the liquid medicine of corydalis tuber and purslane in step S1 is: weighing corydalis tuber and purslane according to the following weight parts: 3-5 parts of corydalis tuber and 2-4 parts of purslane, sun-drying, baking, crushing into powder of 40 meshes, adding sterile water, boiling for 1-1.5h, filtering to obtain filtrate, cooling to room temperature, and adding sterile water to obtain the liquid medicine.
3. The cultivation method for increasing yield of strong gluten wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soaking time in step S1 is 30min, and the soaking and air drying are repeated for 2 times.
4. The cultivation method for improving yield of strong gluten wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the wood vinegar, the film forming agent, the water and the wheat seeds are respectively in parts by mass: 1 part, 4 parts, 8 parts and 80 parts.
5. The cultivation method for improving yield of strong gluten wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation process of the liquid medicine in step S4 is: according to the weight portion, 5-10 portions of rhubarb root, 2-5 portions of Chinese prickly ash, 2-5 portions of gelsemium elegans and 1-5 portions of flavescent sophora root are pulverized and mixed, then 100-400 portions of water are added, heated for 1-3 hours at 50-100 deg.C, the filtrate is filtered, 2-3 portions of sodium chloride are added, fully dissolved, uniformly stirred, cooled to room temperature and added with sterile water to prepare the medicinal liquid with the concentration of 0.5% -0.8%.
6. The cultivation method for improving yield of strong gluten wheat as claimed in claim 5, wherein the amount of each raw material is: 6 parts of rheum officinale, 3 parts of pepper, 3 parts of gelsemium elegans, 2 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis and 2 parts of sodium chloride.
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CN106605512A (en) * 2015-10-21 2017-05-03 陈建秀 Millet plantation method

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