CN107114189A - A kind of selection of improved variety of walnut - Google Patents
A kind of selection of improved variety of walnut Download PDFInfo
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- CN107114189A CN107114189A CN201710361147.7A CN201710361147A CN107114189A CN 107114189 A CN107114189 A CN 107114189A CN 201710361147 A CN201710361147 A CN 201710361147A CN 107114189 A CN107114189 A CN 107114189A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds
- A01N33/18—Nitro compounds
- A01N33/20—Nitro compounds containing oxygen or sulfur attached to the carbon skeleton containing the nitro group
- A01N33/22—Nitro compounds containing oxygen or sulfur attached to the carbon skeleton containing the nitro group having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom and at least one nitro group directly attached to the same aromatic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom rings with more than six members
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of selection of improved variety of walnut, including：The selection of the excellent number of walnut determines, the fringe bar of cultivation acquisition high-quality is carried out to excellent elite stand, fringe bar is chosen, sets up walnut nursery and cultivating and managing, simultaneously by after the completion of grafting, the compound solution of resistant to diseases and insects is sprayed, the compound solution of the resistant to diseases and insects is included：5 1000 parts of brassin, 50 70 parts of trifoliate jewelvine, 20 25 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 10 20 parts of Radix Astragali water.The present invention is observed by the growing state for the walnut bred to seed selection of the present invention, it was found that its fast growth, growth and development is good, improve resistance against diseases, occur its basic no disease and pests harm, and improve the annual production of final walnut, best in quality, quality is good, the fruit maturation time shortens, kernel enriches that full, oil content is high, advantage without obvious size.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural biological technical field, especially a kind of selection of improved variety of walnut.
Background technology
Walnut, also known as English walnut, Qiang peach is juglandaceae plant.With almond, cashew nut, fibert and referred to as world-renowned " four is big
Dry fruit ".Walnut kernel contains abundant nutrient, and 15~20 grams of protein, fatty more, 10 grams of carbohydrate are contained per hectogram；
And contain a variety of dimension lifes such as various trace elements and the mineral matters such as calcium needed by human, phosphorus, iron, and carrotene, riboflavin
Element.It is beneficial to human body.It is one of deep nut based food liked by common people.As the improvement of people's living standards, it is social
Demand expand day by day.But the plantation of walnut is not easy to, traditional walnut plantation is to be plucked, gone after walnut is ripe
Rascal, dry, store, moistening kind, vernalization and plantation, such method link is excessive, excessively complicated, and bud ratio is relatively low, only
40% or so, the development for hindering walnut plantation industry of high degree can be reached.The seed selection quality of walnut in planting process
Walnut final yield and quality are directly influenced, because the seed selection of Walnut Cultivars is particularly important, but does not have one kind very at present
Good method carries out seed selection to walnut, simply by simple observation, can not so improve the final yield of walnut, so being badly in need of
A kind of Selection And Breeding of Fine Strains In Walnut method.
The content of the invention
A kind of selection of improved variety of walnut is provided the invention aims to solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art
To achieve these goals, a kind of selection of improved variety of walnut designed by the present invention, specifically includes following step
Rapid flow：
1) selection of the excellent number of walnut is determined
1. first primary election walnut：By all tree-like complete, tree crown the first transaction of a day's business, robust growth, without simultaneously insect pest in walnut woods, and
The age of tree can adapt to local climate in 20-25, while the excellent plant of performance is used as excellent product in terms of its yield and quality
Plant, and be marked, alternately kind；
2. walnut is further selected：The nut nutrition composition of corresponding all alternative kinds is surveyed, and according to locality
Environment season and final nut nutrition composition reach standard person as final election kind, unsatisfied, directly not select；
3. it is last to determine the excellent number of walnut：The observation carried out to final election kind continuous 5 years is investigated, and nut is carried out to adopt in year
Collection, measure and inclusion monitoring, with the big of the yield of select tree, the nutritional amt of nut, the ability for adapting to environment temperature and nut
Small kind finally gives a complete analysis report, nut quality is filtered out according to analysis report result as analysis foundation
The improved seeds that excellent, accommodative ability of environment is strong, early real, yield is high, kind is big are used as excellent elite stand kind；
2) excellent elite stand is carried out cultivating the fringe bar for obtaining high-quality：Pruning is carried out to the excellent elite stand kind finally chosen whole
Shape, promotes the excellent multiple nutrition branch of elite stand kind, voluminous fringe bar, ensures that bud is connected to enough high-quality fringe bars；
3) fringe bar is chosen：Typically take the annotinous branch that internode is short, sprout is full, rising trend is vigorous；Spring scion grafting should be
Rest period adopts fringe：That is January, bud, which connects, can adopt healthy and strong branch raw then, remove after branch with adopting with connecing, adopt and cut to 2 months
Get off wax seal and to be stored under 3 DEG C of temperature conditionss；
4) walnut nursery is set up：Select physical features it is flat, soil layer is deep, draining is good, level of ground water in below 2m, it is not long
Time ponding and saline and alkaline lighter sandy loam, and winter temperature is not less than -25 DEG C, P in soil H values are 5.6-6.8, and total salt amount exists
0.20-0.25%, and underground disease pest is few, communications and transportation is convenient, concentrates progress finishing in flakes to build garden, while according to different zones core
The planting scale of peach, each cutting orchard area is no less than 50 mu；From no disease and pests harm, full common Walnut Seed is in choosing
The amendment selected, which is built on the soil in garden, to be sowed, after germination, strengthens the water and fertilizer management of stock seedling, prevents and treats pest and disease damage,
A weeding is carried out in spring, loosens the soil, apply nutritious fertilizer, promotes Growth status vigorous；Using spring whip grafting, using the spring then
The scion that season obtains from step (3)；Build behind garden and regularly weed with a hoe, the compound solution of sprinkling resistant to diseases and insects, dry season pouring 1~
2 water, rainy season notes carrying out weeding after timely draining, fallen leaves, digged, and apply farm manure, and the resistant to diseases and insects is answered
Vehicle is included：5-1000 parts of brassin, 50-70 parts of trifoliate jewelvine, 20-25 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 10-20 parts of Radix Astragali water；
5) cultivating and managing：The lateral bud sprouted on the following stock of interface is erased after grafting, is buddered after two weeks and starts to sprout, one
Rear port is healed substantially within individual month, according to seedling growth situation, applies fertilizer 1~2 time, and 10~15kg nitrogenous fertilizer/mu is controlled after mid-August
Nitrogenous fertilizer, imposes phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer, controls nursery stock later stage prosperous length, promotes nursery stock tissue to enrich, improves resistance, survived the winter with profit, in seedling
Weeds are loosened the soil and removed in wooden growth course, to promote effective utilization of the gas permeability of soil and fertilizer, are improved seedling quality, are met rain
Ji Jishui answers timely draining.
Further, selection elite stand each time is registered, be numbered in step (1), photograph and picture, indicate plantation position
Put, the basic condition of the age of tree time limit, registration form is then made into archives material preservation, in case subsequently checking.
Further, the compound solution of the resistant to diseases and insects is included：200-800 parts of brassin, 60-70 parts of trifoliate jewelvine, multiple nitre
22-25 parts of phenol sodium, 15-20 parts of Radix Astragali water.
The selection for a kind of improved variety of walnut that the present invention is obtained, with advantages below：
1) walnut bred through seed selection of the present invention there is best in quality, fruit maturation time to shorten, kernel enrich it is full, contain
Oil cut rate is high, without characteristics such as obvious biennial bearing phenomenons；
2) be conducive to the stable development of Walnut Industry, be conducive to the conversion of surplus rural labor force, be that rural area expands employment
Face, drives more peasant's increase incomes, improves the living condition, go on the road of affluence, promotes social stability and place warp
The development of Ji, reasonable disposition and the productive potentialities for giving full play to forest resourceies；
3) observed by the growing state for the walnut bred to seed selection of the present invention, find its fast growth, produced
Develop, improve resistance against diseases, occur its basic no disease and pests harm.
4) annual production of final walnut is improved.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of selection for improved variety of walnut that the present embodiment is provided, specifically includes following steps flow：
1) selection of the excellent number of walnut is determined
1. first primary election walnut：By all tree-like complete, tree crown the first transaction of a day's business, robust growth, without simultaneously insect pest in walnut woods, and
The age of tree can adapt to local climate in 20-25, while the excellent plant of performance is used as excellent product in terms of its yield and quality
Plant, and be marked, alternately kind；
2. walnut is further selected：The nut nutrition composition of corresponding all alternative kinds is surveyed, and according to locality
Environment season and final nut nutrition composition reach standard person as final election kind, unsatisfied, directly not select；
3. it is last to determine the excellent number of walnut：The observation carried out to final election kind continuous 5 years is investigated, and nut is carried out to adopt in year
Collection, measure and inclusion monitoring, with the big of the yield of select tree, the nutritional amt of nut, the ability for adapting to environment temperature and nut
Small kind finally gives a complete analysis report, nut quality is filtered out according to analysis report result as analysis foundation
The improved seeds that excellent, accommodative ability of environment is strong, early real, yield is high, kind is big are used as excellent elite stand kind；
6) excellent elite stand is carried out cultivating the fringe bar for obtaining high-quality：Pruning is carried out to the excellent elite stand kind finally chosen whole
Shape, promotes the excellent multiple nutrition branch of elite stand kind, voluminous fringe bar, ensures that bud is connected to enough high-quality fringe bars；
7) fringe bar is chosen：Typically take the annotinous branch that internode is short, sprout is full, rising trend is vigorous；Spring scion grafting should be
Rest period adopts fringe：I.e. at the beginning of January, bud, which connects, can adopt healthy and strong branch raw then, remove after branch with adopting with connecing, adopt and shear off
Wax seal is simultaneously stored under 3 DEG C of temperature conditionss；
8) walnut nursery is set up：Select physical features it is flat, soil layer is deep, draining is good, level of ground water in below 2m, it is not long
Time ponding and saline and alkaline lighter sandy loam, and winter temperature is not less than -25 DEG C, P in soil H values are 5.6-6.8, and total salt amount exists
0.20-0.25%, and underground disease pest is few, communications and transportation is convenient, concentrates progress finishing in flakes to build garden, while according to different zones core
The planting scale of peach, each cutting orchard area is no less than 50 mu；From no disease and pests harm, full common Walnut Seed is in choosing
The amendment selected, which is built on the soil in garden, to be sowed, after germination, strengthens the water and fertilizer management of stock seedling, prevents and treats pest and disease damage,
A weeding is carried out in spring, loosens the soil, apply nutritious fertilizer, promotes Growth status vigorous；Using spring whip grafting, using the spring then
The scion that season obtains from step (3)；Build behind garden and regularly weed with a hoe, the compound solution of sprinkling resistant to diseases and insects, dry season pouring 1~
2 water, rainy season notes carrying out weeding after timely draining, fallen leaves, digged, and apply farm manure, and the resistant to diseases and insects is answered
Vehicle is included：5-1000 parts of brassin, 50-70 parts of trifoliate jewelvine, 20-25 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 10-20 parts of Radix Astragali water；
9) cultivating and managing：The lateral bud sprouted on the following stock of interface is erased after grafting, is buddered after two weeks and starts to sprout, one
Rear port is healed substantially within individual month, according to seedling growth situation, applies fertilizer 1~2 time, and 10~15kg nitrogenous fertilizer/mu is controlled after mid-August
Nitrogenous fertilizer, imposes phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer, controls nursery stock later stage prosperous length, promotes nursery stock tissue to enrich, improves resistance, survived the winter with profit, in seedling
Weeds are loosened the soil and removed in wooden growth course, to promote effective utilization of the gas permeability of soil and fertilizer, are improved seedling quality, are met rain
Ji Jishui answers timely draining.
Further, selection elite stand each time is registered, be numbered in step (1), photograph and picture, indicate plantation position
Put, the basic condition of the age of tree time limit, registration form is then made into archives material preservation, in case subsequently checking.
It is 20 years that the age of tree is selected in the step 1 of the present embodiment；
P in soil H values when building nursery in step 4 are 5.6, total salt amount 0.25%,
And the compound solution of the resistant to diseases and insects is included：5 parts of brassin, 50 parts of trifoliate jewelvine, 20 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, Radix Astragali water
100 parts.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of selection of improved variety of walnut of the offer of the present embodiment, general configuration is same as Example 1, different
It is that further, the compound solution of the resistant to diseases and insects is included：200-800 parts of brassin, 60-70 parts of trifoliate jewelvine, compound sodium nitrophenolate
22-25 parts, 15-20 parts of Radix Astragali water.And the compound solution of the resistant to diseases and insects is included in the present embodiment：200 parts of brassin,
60 parts of trifoliate jewelvine, 22 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 15 parts of Radix Astragali water.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of selection for improved variety of walnut that the present embodiment is provided, specifically includes following steps flow：
1) selection of the excellent number of walnut is determined
1. first primary election walnut：By all tree-like complete, tree crown the first transaction of a day's business, robust growth, without simultaneously insect pest in walnut woods, and
The age of tree can adapt to local climate in 22 years, while excellent plant is showed in terms of its yield and quality as improved seeds, and
It is marked, alternately kind；
2. walnut is further selected：The nut nutrition composition of corresponding all alternative kinds is surveyed, and according to locality
Environment season and final nut nutrition composition reach standard person as final election kind, unsatisfied, directly not select；
3. it is last to determine the excellent number of walnut：The observation carried out to final election kind continuous 5 years is investigated, and nut is carried out to adopt in year
Collection, measure and inclusion monitoring, with the big of the yield of select tree, the nutritional amt of nut, the ability for adapting to environment temperature and nut
Small kind finally gives a complete analysis report, nut quality is filtered out according to analysis report result as analysis foundation
The improved seeds that excellent, accommodative ability of environment is strong, early real, yield is high, kind is big are used as excellent elite stand kind；
2) excellent elite stand is carried out cultivating the fringe bar for obtaining high-quality：Pruning is carried out to the excellent elite stand kind finally chosen whole
Shape, promotes the excellent multiple nutrition branch of elite stand kind, voluminous fringe bar, ensures that bud is connected to enough high-quality fringe bars；
3) fringe bar is chosen：Typically take the annotinous branch that internode is short, sprout is full, rising trend is vigorous；Spring scion grafting should be
Rest period adopts fringe：That is in the middle ten days in January, bud, which connects, can adopt healthy and strong branch raw then, remove after branch with adopting with connecing, adopt and cut
Carry out wax seal and be stored under 3 DEG C of temperature conditionss；
4) walnut nursery is set up：Select physical features it is flat, soil layer is deep, draining is good, level of ground water in below 2m, it is not long
Time ponding and saline and alkaline lighter sandy loam, and winter temperature is not less than -25 DEG C, P in soil H values are 6.5, and total salt amount exists
0.20%, and underground disease pest is few, communications and transportation is convenient, concentrates progress finishing in flakes to build garden, while according to different zones walnut
Planting scale, each cutting orchard area is no less than 50 mu；From no disease and pests harm, full common Walnut Seed is choosing
Amendment build on the soil in garden and sowed, after germination, strengthen the water and fertilizer management of stock seedling, pest and disease damage prevented and treated, in the spring
Weeding of Ji Jinhang, loosen the soil, apply nutritious fertilizer, promoting Growth status vigorous；Using spring whip grafting, using spring then from
The scion that step (3) is obtained；Build behind garden and regularly weed with a hoe, spray the compound solution of resistant to diseases and insects, dry season pours 1~2 time
Water, rainy season notes carrying out weeding after timely draining, fallen leaves, digged, and applies farm manure, the compound medicine of the resistant to diseases and insects
Liquid is included：1000 parts of brassin, 70 parts of trifoliate jewelvine, 25 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 20 parts of Radix Astragali water；
5) cultivating and managing：The lateral bud sprouted on the following stock of interface is erased after grafting, is buddered after two weeks and starts to sprout, one
Rear port is healed substantially within individual month, according to seedling growth situation, applies fertilizer 1~2 time, and 10~15kg nitrogenous fertilizer/mu is controlled after mid-August
Nitrogenous fertilizer, imposes phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer, controls nursery stock later stage prosperous length, promotes nursery stock tissue to enrich, improves resistance, survived the winter with profit, in seedling
Weeds are loosened the soil and removed in wooden growth course, to promote effective utilization of the gas permeability of soil and fertilizer, are improved seedling quality, are met rain
Ji Jishui answers timely draining.
Further, selection elite stand each time is registered, be numbered in step (1), photograph and picture, indicate plantation position
Put, the basic condition of the age of tree time limit, registration form is then made into archives material preservation, in case subsequently checking.
Embodiment 4：
A kind of selection for improved variety of walnut that the present embodiment is provided, specifically includes following steps flow：
1) selection of the excellent number of walnut is determined
1. first primary election walnut：By all tree-like complete, tree crown the first transaction of a day's business, robust growth, without simultaneously insect pest in walnut woods, and
The age of tree can adapt to local climate in 25 years, while excellent plant is showed in terms of its yield and quality as improved seeds, and
It is marked, alternately kind；
2. walnut is further selected：The nut nutrition composition of corresponding all alternative kinds is surveyed, and according to locality
Environment season and final nut nutrition composition reach standard person as final election kind, unsatisfied, directly not select；
3. it is last to determine the excellent number of walnut：The observation carried out to final election kind continuous 5 years is investigated, and nut is carried out to adopt in year
Collection, measure and inclusion monitoring, with the big of the yield of select tree, the nutritional amt of nut, the ability for adapting to environment temperature and nut
Small kind finally gives a complete analysis report, nut quality is filtered out according to analysis report result as analysis foundation
The improved seeds that excellent, accommodative ability of environment is strong, early real, yield is high, kind is big are used as excellent elite stand kind；
2) excellent elite stand is carried out cultivating the fringe bar for obtaining high-quality：Pruning is carried out to the excellent elite stand kind finally chosen whole
Shape, promotes the excellent multiple nutrition branch of elite stand kind, voluminous fringe bar, ensures that bud is connected to enough high-quality fringe bars；
3) fringe bar is chosen：Typically take the annotinous branch that internode is short, sprout is full, rising trend is vigorous；Spring scion grafting should be
Rest period adopts fringe：That is at the beginning of 2 months, bud, which connects, can adopt healthy and strong branch raw then, remove after branch with adopting with connecing, adopt and shear off
Wax seal is simultaneously stored under 3 DEG C of temperature conditionss；
4) walnut nursery is set up：Select physical features it is flat, soil layer is deep, draining is good, level of ground water in below 2m, it is not long
Time ponding and saline and alkaline lighter sandy loam, and winter temperature is not less than -25 DEG C, P in soil H values are 6.8, and total salt amount exists
0.23%, and underground disease pest is few, communications and transportation is convenient, concentrates progress finishing in flakes to build garden, while according to different zones walnut
Planting scale, each cutting orchard area is no less than 50 mu；From no disease and pests harm, full common Walnut Seed is choosing
Amendment build on the soil in garden and sowed, after germination, strengthen the water and fertilizer management of stock seedling, pest and disease damage prevented and treated, in the spring
Weeding of Ji Jinhang, loosen the soil, apply nutritious fertilizer, promoting Growth status vigorous；Using spring whip grafting, using spring then from
The scion that step (3) is obtained；Build behind garden and regularly weed with a hoe, spray the compound solution of resistant to diseases and insects, dry season pours 1~2 time
Water, rainy season notes carrying out weeding after timely draining, fallen leaves, digged, and applies farm manure, the compound medicine of the resistant to diseases and insects
Liquid is included：800 parts of brassin, 70 parts of trifoliate jewelvine, 25 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 20 parts of Radix Astragali water；
5) cultivating and managing：The lateral bud sprouted on the following stock of interface is erased after grafting, is buddered after two weeks and starts to sprout, one
Rear port is healed substantially within individual month, according to seedling growth situation, applies fertilizer 1~2 time, and 10~15kg nitrogenous fertilizer/mu is controlled after mid-August
Nitrogenous fertilizer, imposes phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer, controls nursery stock later stage prosperous length, promotes nursery stock tissue to enrich, improves resistance, survived the winter with profit, in seedling
Weeds are loosened the soil and removed in wooden growth course, to promote effective utilization of the gas permeability of soil and fertilizer, are improved seedling quality, are met rain
Ji Jishui answers timely draining.
Further, selection elite stand each time is registered, be numbered in step (1), photograph and picture, indicate plantation position
Put, the basic condition of the age of tree time limit, registration form is then made into archives material preservation, in case subsequently checking.
Embodiment 5：
A kind of selection of improved variety of walnut of the offer of the present embodiment, general configuration is same as Example 2, different
It is that further, the compound solution of the resistant to diseases and insects is included：800 parts of brassin, 65 parts of trifoliate jewelvine, 23 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, the Radix Astragali
18 parts of water.
Pass through said structure embodiment and result of the test：20000 plants of grafting walnut, survives 18400 plants, preserves altogether
16500 plants, i.e. graft survival rate are up to more than 90%, and storage rate is up to more than 85%.By forming walnut living to transferring and entering
Row observation, its robust growth, basic no disease and pests harm, and yield is good.And the present invention has advantages below：
1) walnut bred through seed selection of the present invention have that quality is good, the fruit maturation time shortens, kernel enrich it is full, contain
Oil cut rate is high, without characteristics such as obvious biennial bearing phenomenons；
2) be conducive to the stable development of Walnut Industry, be conducive to the conversion of surplus rural labor force, be that rural area expands employment
Face, drives more peasant's increase incomes, improves the living condition, go on the road of affluence, promotes social stability and place warp
The development of Ji, reasonable disposition and the productive potentialities for giving full play to forest resourceies；
3) observed by the growing state for the walnut bred to seed selection of the present invention, find its fast growth, produced
Develop, improve resistance against diseases, occur its basic no disease and pests harm.
4) annual production of final walnut is improved.
It is embodiments of the invention as described above.The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, anyone should learn that
The structure change made under the enlightenment of the present invention, the technical schemes that are same or similar to the present invention each fall within this
Within the protection domain of invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of selection of improved variety of walnut, it is characterised in that：Specifically include following steps flow：
1) selection of the excellent number of walnut is determined
1. first primary election walnut：By all tree-like complete, tree crown the first transaction of a day's business, robust growth, nothing and insect pest in walnut woods, and the age of tree
In 20-25, local climate is can adapt to, while excellent plant is showed in terms of its yield and quality as improved seeds, and
It is marked, alternately kind；
2. walnut is further selected：The nut nutrition composition of corresponding all alternative kinds is surveyed, and according to local environment
Season and final nut nutrition composition reach standard person as final election kind, unsatisfied, directly not select；
3. it is last to determine the excellent number of walnut：The observation carried out to final election kind continuous 5 years is investigated, and annual collection is carried out to nut, is surveyed
Fixed and inclusion monitoring, with the size kind of the yield of select tree, the nutritional amt of nut, the ability for adapting to environment temperature and nut
As analysis foundation, a complete analysis report is finally given, nut quality is filtered out according to analysis report result excellent, suitable
The improved seeds that environment capacity is strong, early real, yield is high, kind is big are answered as excellent elite stand kind；
2) excellent elite stand is carried out cultivating the fringe bar for obtaining high-quality：Pruning and rectifying is carried out to the excellent elite stand kind finally chosen,
Promote the excellent multiple nutrition branch of elite stand kind, voluminous fringe bar, ensure that bud is connected to enough high-quality fringe bars；
3) fringe bar is chosen：Typically take the annotinous branch that internode is short, sprout is full, rising trend is vigorous；Spring scion grafting should be in dormancy
Phase adopts fringe：That is January, bud, which connects, can adopt healthy and strong branch raw then, remove after branch with adopting with connecing, adopt and shear off to 2 months
Wax seal is simultaneously stored under 3 DEG C of temperature conditionss；
4) walnut nursery is set up：Selection physical features is flat, soil layer is deep, draining is good, level of ground water is in below 2m, without for a long time
Ponding and saline and alkaline lighter sandy loam, and winter temperature is not less than -25 DEG C, P in soil H values are 5.6-6.8, and total salt amount exists
0.20-0.25%, and underground disease pest is few, communications and transportation is convenient, concentrates progress finishing in flakes to build garden, while according to different zones core
The planting scale of peach, each cutting orchard area is no less than 50 mu；From no disease and pests harm, full common Walnut Seed is in choosing
The amendment selected, which is built on the soil in garden, to be sowed, after germination, strengthens the water and fertilizer management of stock seedling, prevents and treats pest and disease damage,
A weeding is carried out in spring, loosens the soil, apply nutritious fertilizer, promotes Growth status vigorous；Using spring whip grafting, using the spring then
The scion that season obtains from step (3)；Build behind garden and regularly weed with a hoe, the compound solution of sprinkling resistant to diseases and insects, dry season pouring 1~
2 water, rainy season notes carrying out weeding after timely draining, fallen leaves, digged, and apply farm manure, and the resistant to diseases and insects is answered
Vehicle is included：5-1000 parts of brassin, 50-70 parts of trifoliate jewelvine, 20-25 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 10-20 parts of Radix Astragali water；
5) cultivating and managing：The lateral bud sprouted on the following stock of interface is erased after grafting, is buddered after two weeks and starts to sprout, one month
Rear port heals substantially, according to seedling growth situation, applies fertilizer 1~2 time, 10~15kg nitrogenous fertilizer/mu controls nitrogenous fertilizer after mid-August,
Phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer is imposed, nursery stock later stage prosperous length is controlled, promotes nursery stock tissue to enrich, improves resistance, survived the winter with profit, in seedling growth
During loosen the soil and remove weeds, to promote effective utilization of the gas permeability of soil and fertilizer, improve seedling quality, meet rainy season ponding
Answer timely draining.
2. a kind of selection of improved variety of walnut according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Will be to every in step (1)
Selection elite stand once is registered, numbered, photograph and picture, indicate planting location, the basic condition of the age of tree time limit, then will registration
Table makees archives material preservation, in case subsequently checking.
3. according to a kind of selection of improved variety of walnut described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The compounding of the resistant to diseases and insects
Decoction is included：200-800 parts of brassin, 60-70 parts of trifoliate jewelvine, 22-25 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 15-20 parts of Radix Astragali water.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113348941A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-07 | 广西南方中药材种植集团有限公司 | High-yield exocarpium citri grandis fine variety bud mutation breeding technology |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105359841A (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2016-03-02 | 成县兴丰农林科技有限责任公司 | Method for selecting and breeding improved variety types of walnuts |
| CN106358918A (en) * | 2016-08-27 | 2017-02-01 | 青川县林业和园林局 | Variety breeding method for high-quality walnut |
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2017
- 2017-05-22 CN CN201710361147.7A patent/CN107114189A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105359841A (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2016-03-02 | 成县兴丰农林科技有限责任公司 | Method for selecting and breeding improved variety types of walnuts |
| CN106358918A (en) * | 2016-08-27 | 2017-02-01 | 青川县林业和园林局 | Variety breeding method for high-quality walnut |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113348941A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-07 | 广西南方中药材种植集团有限公司 | High-yield exocarpium citri grandis fine variety bud mutation breeding technology |
| CN113348941B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2024-01-16 | 广西南方中药材种植集团有限公司 | Bud mutation breeding method for high-yield pummelo peel improved variety |
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