CN107107747A - 用于混合动力机动车的驱动传动设备 - Google Patents

用于混合动力机动车的驱动传动设备 Download PDF

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CN107107747A
CN107107747A CN201580059384.7A CN201580059384A CN107107747A CN 107107747 A CN107107747 A CN 107107747A CN 201580059384 A CN201580059384 A CN 201580059384A CN 107107747 A CN107107747 A CN 107107747A
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motor
combustion engine
clutch
internal combustion
drive apparatus
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CN107107747B (zh
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F·福尔默
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Audi AG
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Audi AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B60K25/02—Auxiliary drives directly from an engine shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
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    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
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    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于混合动力机动车的驱动传动设备，包括内燃机(11)和至少一个与其轴线平行布置的电机(16)，所述内燃机和所述电机单独地或共同地传动到变速器(14)的输入轴(38)上，其中所述电机(16)通过转矩传递连接机构(28)与内燃机(11)的力输出轴(30)传动连接，所述电机在中间连接至少一个离合器(K0)的情况下与同轴取向的变速器输入轴(38)传动连接。根据本发明，所述电机(16)紧邻内燃机(11)安装或者集成到所述内燃机中。此外气缸体曲轴箱(12a)扩展有壳体区段(12b)，其中布置转矩传递连接机构(28)。

Description

用于混合动力机动车的驱动传动设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1的前序部分所述的用于混合动力机动车的驱动传动设备。
背景技术
这种驱动传动设备例如由AT 512 443 A1已知，其中与内燃机轴线平行地布置第一电机和可选的第二电机，它们通过圆柱齿轮传动机构传动到内燃机的力输出轴上。在圆柱齿轮传动机构两侧，在力输出轴上设置离合器，借助其能使内燃机和/或电机脱开，以便提供内燃机驱动、电动驱动或混合动力驱动。此外，还能通过电机来驱动附件设备、例如空调压缩机或冷却介质泵。通过在内燃机侧向布置的电机可以实现沿轴向方向较短构造的驱动设备；此外通过设置的离合器实现了其它自由度，其例如包含：起动内燃机，在待机中(imStand)增压运行等。
DE 20 2006 019 422 U1描述了另一种驱动传动设备，其中在变速器上侧向地安装电机，所述电机对变速器输入轴起作用地能单独地或与内燃机一起驱动机动车和/或替选地驱动附件设备。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提出这种类型的驱动传动设备，所述驱动传动设备在制造技术方面有利、构造特别紧凑且能更好地匹配于在机动车中给定的安装条件。
所述目的通过权利要求1的特征来实现。本发明的有利的且特别适宜的改进方案在从属权利要求中给出。
根据本发明提出，电机安装到内燃机上并且在电机和内燃机之间的转矩传递连接机构布置在内燃机的扩展的气缸体曲轴箱内。转矩传递连接机构、特别是链或圆柱齿轮传动机构可以在构造和空间方面有利地集成到曲轴箱中并且连接到内燃机的润滑油系统上。除了能牢固实施的设计结构之外，由此引起了运行平稳地驱动电机。设置这种电机优选可以实现替代否则便会存在的启动电机，通过电机和将其连接到内燃机的力输出轴上可以取消所述启动电机。此外可以通过转矩传递连接机构以已知的方式实现在内燃机(较低的转速)和电机(较高的转速)之间的有利的转速匹配。
在本发明的一种有利的改进方案中，齿轮(链轮、圆柱齿轮)在力输出轴上与另外的齿轮传动连接，通过所述另外的齿轮能驱动内燃机的至少一个附件设备。因此能利用结构简单的措施使转矩传递连接机构扩展至辅助驱动，由此必要时可以在内燃机上取消否则便必要的带传动装置。
在此，齿轮优选能转动地支承在安装到气缸体曲轴箱上的壳体中并且通过输出轴来驱动机动车的附件设备、特别是空调设备的空调压缩机。
此外，在力输出轴上可以集成离合器，借助所述离合器能使内燃机与电机的转矩传递连接机构或者说圆柱齿轮传动机构以及变速器输入轴脱开。因此，在离合器分离时除了脱开内燃机之外还能以纯电的方式驱动附件设备，例如在待机运行(Standbetrieb)中。
如上所述，优选地，电机可以在通常实践中定位启动电机的位置处安装在内燃机的气缸体曲轴箱上。在这种情况下，电机沿横向方向或径向方向在外部布置在内燃机上，由此能提供沿轴向方向较短构造的驱动传动设备。电机优选可以横向于轴向方向至少部分地与内燃机或者说与其曲轴相叠或横向于轴向方向与内燃机或者说与其曲轴对齐。电机的驱动轴在这种结构中优选可以沿轴向方向与变速器输入轴或者说与变速器壳体间隔开一轴向位移。
上述离合器优选可以布置在自己的离合器壳体中，利用所述离合器能使内燃机与转矩传递连接机构和/或变速器输入轴脱开。在这种情况下，气缸体曲轴箱、壳体区段(这就是说横向驱动模块-壳体)、离合器壳体和变速器的变速器壳体可以沿轴向方向依次布置。鉴于驱动部件的紧凑的布置，在壳体区段中(即在横向驱动模块-壳体中)不仅可以布置转矩传递连接机构而且还可以布置扭转减振器，利用其对内燃机的力输出轴的旋转运动进行衰减。
在下述情况下得出了构造特别紧凑的驱动传动设备：壳体区段(即横向驱动模块-壳体)和电机在形成L形结构单元的情况下围成内角区域，所述内角区域包围内燃机的气缸体曲轴箱的外角。
为了进一步降低驱动传动设备的结构尺寸，此外离合器壳体可以被车桥差速器的横向轴穿过以用于驱动车轮。离合器可以沿车辆纵向方向布置在横向轴之前或之后。车桥差速器的横向轴在此可以沿车辆高度方向与变速器输入轴或力输出轴错开地延伸。
优选地，电机不仅作为驱动设备工作，而且同时还驱动附件设备、例如空调压缩机或冷却介质泵。鉴于结构空间有利的布置下述情况是优选的：电机在其与电机-驱动轴沿轴向相对的一侧上利用驱动轴连接端传动到附件设备上。附件设备可以结构空间有利地沿车辆高度方向布置在电机之下并且安装在气缸体曲轴箱上。在这种情况下，驱动轴连接端(其优选与电机-驱动轴同轴地取向)可以通过传动链、特别是通过链传动装置或带传动装置与附件设备传动连接。
在本发明的另一种有利的设计方案中，可以在变速器上安装第二电机，所述第二电机间接地或直接地通过另外的转矩传递连接机构传动到变速器的输入轴上。因此，在电机的总驱动功率高的情况下，可以在两个电机的有利的尺寸下有利地匹配于在机动车中给定的装配条件，并且必要时在机动车中实现了有针对性的重量分配。此外，还可以在驱动需求较小时单独地激活电机，而使第二电机例如作为发电机接通。
转矩传递连接机构又可以设计成圆柱齿轮传动机构，包括在电机的驱动轴上的齿轮和在变速器的变速器输入轴上的较大的齿轮。替选地在此还可以使用齿带传动装置。
此外，电机可以通过具有一个或多个传动级的行星齿轮传动机构作用到转矩传递连接机构或者说圆柱齿轮传动机构上，以便必要时还更好地匹配于机动车的必要的变速比和行驶速度。
第二电机的转矩传递连接机构或圆柱齿轮传动机构特别优选地沿力流在脱开内燃机的离合器之后且在至少一个分离离合器之前布置在变速器的输入轴上。
此外，脱开内燃机的离合器以结构简单的方式可以是形状配合的切换离合器，切换离合器在使其耦联元件同步之后能通过第一电机切换并且例如接通内燃机。替选地，然而离合器还可以设计成摩擦离合器或液压致动的膜片式离合器。
最后，替选地或附加地，所述第二电机可以利用其驱动轴来驱动机动车的至少一个附件设备、特别是空调压缩机、液压泵等。
附图说明
借助所附的示意图详细阐述本发明的两个实施例。其中：
图1示出了用于混合动力机动车的驱动传动设备，其包括内燃机和两个电机，所述电机传动到变速器上，其中所述电机分别一方面通过圆柱齿轮传动机构传动到内燃机的力输出轴上并且另一方面传动到变速器的变速器输入轴；
图2示出了根据图1的驱动传动设备，其中圆柱齿轮传动机构在力输出轴上附加地扩展为驱动用于内燃机的附件设备，并且力输出轴(曲轴)能与圆柱齿轮传动机构脱开；以及
图3和图4以相应于图2的示图分别示出了本发明的其它实施例。
具体实施方式
在图1中以简单的框图示出了用于混合动力机动车的驱动设备10，包括多缸的内燃机11、后置的变速器14和两个电机16、18。变速器14通过输出轴20和副轴22来驱动集成的车桥差速器24，用于驱动机动车车轮。
电机16侧向地(必要时在否则存在的、通常的启动电机的位置处)安装或集成到内燃机11的气缸体曲轴箱12a上，并且通过驱动轴26和转矩传递连接机构部、优选圆柱齿轮传动机构28在输出侧传动到内燃机11的力输出轴或曲轴30上。
在驱动轴26上具有较小的齿轮32并且在曲轴30上具有较大的齿轮34的圆柱齿轮传动机构28布置在气缸体曲轴箱12a内部，其中径向外部的齿轮32——如图所示——可以布置在气缸体曲轴箱的侧向突出的壳体区段12b(即横向驱动模块-壳体)上，此外可以连接到内燃机11的润滑油系统(未示出)。
电机16持续地与曲轴30传动连接(即以永久连接)并且因此可以作为启动电机、作为附加的驱动马达或发电机接通，为机动车的车载电网或动力电池供电等。
力输出轴或者说曲轴30沿车辆纵向方向x或力矩流方向在中间联接扭转减振器36(例如双质量飞轮)和离合器K0的情况下能与变速器14的变速器输入轴38传动连接。离合器K0能以摩擦配合连接的方式例如设计成液压致动的膜片式离合器，然而优选设计成形状配合地起作用的切换离合器(牙嵌式离合器)。
通过离合器K0，内燃机11连同电机16可以与传动系或者说变速器14脱开。在接通内燃机11时，可以通过相应地操控电机16，切换离合器K0的耦联元件、特别是在离合器K1分离的情况下同步到同步运转。
在变速器14上侧向地安装第二电机18，该第二电机在驱动侧优选在中间连接行星齿轮传动机构46(仅示意性示出)的情况下、通过作为转矩传递连接机构的圆柱齿轮传动机构40沿力矩流方向在离合器K0之后、然而在摩擦配合连接的分离离合器K1之前传动到变速器输入轴38。圆柱齿轮传动机构40在此定位在变速器14的离合器壳体14a内。
替代具有齿轮42、44的圆柱齿轮传动机构40也可以使用齿带传动装置或链传动机构。分离离合器K1在自动切换的变速器14(例如已知的双离合变速器)中可以通过集成在变速器14中的、激活挡位的膜片式离合器形成。
电机18的驱动轴18a一方面驱动圆柱齿轮传动机构40，另一方面驱动附件设备，在此机动车的空调设备的空调压缩机48。
通过根据图1描述的驱动传动设备10，机动车可以在离合器K0分离并且离合器K1接合的情况下、通过优选功率更强的电机18向前或向后以纯电动的方式驱动。行星齿轮传动机构46在此例如能仅以增大转矩的方式构成或者但是为了匹配于行驶速度多挡位地构成。
此外，电机18还可以在离合器K1分离的情况下(在静止状态中)驱动空调压缩机48(或其它附件设备)。
通过电机16可以在离合器K0分离的情况下起动内燃机11。在另一种工作过程中，电机16然后可以作为发电机接通、产生电流、在怠速时随同转动，或者作为马达接通，除了内燃机11之外输入驱动能量。
第二电机18也是如此，所述第二电机在内燃机11或者说驱动传动设备10处于运行时可以在怠速时随同转动，可以附加地提供驱动能量(增压运行)或然而可以作为发电机接通。
此外，两个电机16、18或者在断开离合器K0时电机18可以在再生运行中用于在机动车制动运行中回收能量。
图2示出了驱动传动设备10的另外的实施例，就此而言图2仅描述了与图1的本质的不同之处。功能相同的部件具有相同的附图标记。
根据图2，在电机16和内燃机11的曲轴30之间的圆柱齿轮传动机构28扩展有与齿轮34啮合的另外的齿轮52，其用作辅助输出装置。
能旋转地支承在安装到气缸体曲轴箱12a上的壳体54中的齿轮52直接或通过驱动轴26来驱动附件设备，所述附件设备特别是可以是机动车的空调设备的空调压缩机48。然而上述情况并非排它性的，电机18必要也可以如上所述驱动附件设备。
此外，前述离合器K0与图1不同地沿力矩流方向设置在圆柱齿轮传动机构28之前。因此，离合器K0以下述方式布置在曲轴30上：内燃机11能通过离合器K0与圆柱齿轮传动机构28和其它传动系脱开。离合器K0在此优选是摩擦配合连接的离合器、特别是能液压致动的膜片式离合器。
因此可以在离合器K0分离的情况下通过两个电机16、18以纯电动的方式驱动机动车。如果离合器K1同样分离，则附件设备48还可以在(内燃机)待机的情况下运行，必要时甚至通过两个电机。
本发明并不局限于所描述的实施例。特别是对于本领域技术人员来说常用的修改或两个附图的组合。
在图3中示出了另外的实施例，其基本结构与在图2中的结构相同，但在图3中没有提供第二电机18。与图2相一致，在图3中，离合器K0还沿力矩流方向布置在转矩传递连接机构28之前。电机16——如也在前面的附图中那样——侧向地在径向外部通过示意性示出的法兰连接部61固定在内燃机11的气缸体曲轴箱12a上。前后一致地，电机16沿车辆横向方向y(即横向于轴向方向x)与内燃机11(即与其曲轴30)相叠或对齐地布置。电机16的驱动轴26沿轴向方向或者说车辆纵向方向x以轴向位移Δx(图3或图4)与变速器输入轴38间隔开。换句话说，电机16与内燃机11轴线平行地布置。特别是，电机16和内燃机11沿曲轴30的径向方向彼此间隔开，而电机16至少部分地与内燃机11或者说其曲轴30具有相叠区域。内燃机11和电机16车辆纵向方向x大致处于相同的高度上。
在图3中，离合器K0布置在离合器壳体14a中，所述离合器壳体由车桥差速器24的横向轴65穿过用于驱动车轮。在图3中，离合器K0沿行驶方向FR，即沿向前指向的车辆纵向方向x，在横向轴65后方定位在离合器壳体14a中。横向轴65沿车辆高度方向z在变速器输入轴38之下延伸。
如从图3进一步得知，在壳体区段12b中(即横向驱动模块-壳体)定位有扭转减振器36和转矩传递连接机构28。总之在图3中，气缸体曲轴箱12a、壳体区段12b、离合器壳体14a以及变速器14的变速器壳体67沿轴向方向或者沿车辆纵向方向x依次布置。
鉴于构造紧凑的驱动传动设备，壳体区段12b(即横向驱动模块-壳体)和电机16形成了L-形的结构单元B(图3或图4)，该结构单元围成内角区域69(图3或图4)，其中布置内燃机11的气缸体曲轴箱12a。
在图4中示出了在图3中示出的实施例的改进方案，其与图3基本上构造相同地构成。与图3的不同之处在于，在图4中离合器K0沿向前指向的车辆纵向方向x、即沿行驶方向FR在横向轴65之前定位在离合器壳体14a中。离合器K0的外部膜片承载件71和齿轮34在此以不能相对转动的方式定位在空心轴73上，该空心轴在壳体区段12b和离合器壳体14a之间延伸。在空心轴73中，力输出轴30同轴地延伸至离合器K0的内部膜片承载件75，该内部膜片承载件与空心轴73的外部膜片承载件71作用连接。
如从图4中进一步得知，电机16在其轴向地与电机驱动轴26相反的侧面上具有驱动轴连接端58，借助其能驱动附件设备48、特别是空调压缩机。附件设备48沿车辆高度方向z在电机16之下直接定位在内燃机11上，即在未示出的内角区域中在电机16和气缸体曲轴箱12a之间。电机16通过驱动轴连接端58以及带传动装置60与附件设备48传动连接。替选地，附件设备48的驱动还可以通过壳体区段12b(即横向驱动模块-壳体)中的齿轮实现。

Claims (20)

1.用于混合动力机动车的驱动传动设备，包括内燃机(11)和至少一个与其轴线平行布置的电机(16)，所述内燃机和所述电机单独地或共同地传动到变速器(14)的输入轴(38)上，其中所述电机(16)通过转矩传递连接机构(28)与内燃机(11)的力输出轴(30)传动连接，所述电机在中间连接至少一个离合器(K0)的情况下与同轴取向的变速器输入轴(38)传动连接，其特征在于，所述电机(16)紧邻内燃机(11)安装或者集成到所述内燃机中，气缸体曲轴箱(12a)扩展有一其中布置所述转矩传递连接机构(28)的壳体区段(12b)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，转矩传递连接机构(28)通过圆柱齿轮传动机构(28)形成，该圆柱齿轮传动机构具有在电机(16)的驱动轴(26)上的齿轮(32)和在内燃机(11)的力输出轴(30)上的——特别是较大的——齿轮(34)，特别是，所述齿轮(34)以不能相对转动的方式布置在变速器输入轴(38)上。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，所述离合器(K0)集成在力输出轴(30)上，和/或所述离合器(K0)沿力矩流方向布置在转矩传递连接机构(28)前，从而借助离合器(K0)能使得内燃机(11)从电机(16)的转矩传递连接机构(28)和变速器输入轴(38)脱开。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，在力输出轴(30)上的齿轮(34)与至少一个另外的齿轮(52)啮合，通过该另外的齿轮能驱动内燃机(11)的至少一个附件设备(48)。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，电机(16)以传动到内燃机(11)的力输出轴(30)上的方式至少部分地布置在气缸体曲轴箱(12a)中或在外侧布置在气缸体曲轴箱(12a)上。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，气缸体曲轴箱(12a)扩展有另外的壳体区段(54)，齿轮(52)以能转动的方式支承在所述另外的壳体区段中并且通过输出轴(26)来驱动机动车的附件设备、特别是空调设备的空调压缩机(48)。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，提供第二电机(18)，特别是第二电机(18)直接安装到变速器(14)上，和/或所述第二电机(18)间接地或直接地通过另外的转矩传递连接机构(40)传动到变速器(14)的输入轴(38)上。
8.根据权利要求7所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，所述转矩传递连接机构设计成圆柱齿轮传动机构(40)，该圆柱齿轮传动机构包括在电机(18)的驱动轴(18a)上的齿轮(42)和在变速器输入轴(18)上的——特别是较大的——齿轮(44)。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，第二电机(18)通过具有一个或多个传动级的行星齿轮传动机构(46)作用到转矩传递连接机构(40)上。
10.根据权利要求7至9中任一项所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，第二电机(18)的转矩传递连接机构(40)沿力矩流方向在使内燃机(11)脱开的离合器(K0)之后、至少一个分离离合器(K1)之前布置在变速器(14)的输入轴(38)上。
11.根据权利要求7至10中任一项所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，第二电机(18)利用其驱动轴(18a)来驱动机动车的至少一个附件设备、特别是空调压缩机(48)。
12.根据权利要求4至11中任一项所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，附件设备(48)直接固定在内燃机(11)的气缸体曲轴箱(12a)上，特别是附件设备(48)间接地或直接地、必要时在存在变速比的情况下与第二电机(18)耦联。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，电机(16)横向于轴向方向(x)至少部分地与内燃机(11)或者说与内燃机的曲轴(30)相叠或者说对齐。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，电机(16)的驱动轴(26)沿轴向方向(x)与变速器输入轴(38)间隔开一轴向的位移(Δx)。
15.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，离合器(K0)布置在离合器壳体(14a)中，特别是气缸体曲轴箱(12a)、壳体区段(12b)、离合器壳体(14a)和变速器壳体(67)沿轴向方向(x)依次布置。
16.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，在壳体区段(12b)中不仅布置有转矩传递连接机构(28)而且还布置有扭转减振器(36)，和/或壳体区段(12b)和电机(16)在形成L形结构单元(B)的情况下围成一内角区域(69)，在该内角区域中布置内燃机(11)的气缸体曲轴箱(12a)。
17.根据权利要求15或16所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，离合器壳体(14a)被车桥差速器(24)的横向轴(65)穿过以用于驱动车轮，特别是离合器(K0)沿车辆纵向方向(x)布置在横向轴(65)之前或之后，特别是车桥差速器(24)的横向轴(65)沿车辆高度方向(z)或者在变速器输入轴(38)之下和/或在力输出轴(30)之下延伸。
18.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，所述电机(16)在其与电机-驱动轴(26)沿轴向相对的一侧上利用驱动轴连接端(58)传动到附件设备(48)。
19.根据权利要求18所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，所述附件设备(48)沿车辆高度方向(z)布置在电机(16)之下，特别是侧向地安装在气缸体曲轴箱(12a)上，特别是驱动轴连接端(58)通过传动链(60)、特别是带传动装置与附件设备(48)传动连接。
20.根据权利要求15至19中任一项所述的驱动传动设备，其特征在于，不仅转矩传递连接机构(28)的齿轮(34)而且离合器(K0)的第一离合配对件(71)、特别是外部的膜片承载件以不能相对转动的方式布置在空心轴(73)上，空心轴(73)在壳体区段(12b)和离合器壳体(14a)之间延伸，力输出轴(30)在空心轴(73)的径向内部同轴地延伸，该力输出轴能通过第二离合配对件(75)、特别是内部的膜片承载件与离合器(K0)的第一离合配对件(71)耦联。
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