CN107107728A - 电力单元 - Google Patents

电力单元 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107107728A
CN107107728A CN201580068283.6A CN201580068283A CN107107728A CN 107107728 A CN107107728 A CN 107107728A CN 201580068283 A CN201580068283 A CN 201580068283A CN 107107728 A CN107107728 A CN 107107728A
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bent axle
power unit
gear
alternating current
current generator
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CN107107728B (zh
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弗朗兹·莱姆伯克
弗兰克·奥柏里斯特
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Aobailisite Technology Co Ltd
Obrist Technologies GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
    • F02B63/04—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B67/00—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B67/04—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus
    • F02B67/06—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus driven by means of chains, belts, or like endless members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K6/485—Motor-assist type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
    • F01B1/10—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with more than one main shaft, e.g. coupled to common output shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/20—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders all in one line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/22—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement
    • F02B75/225—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement having two or more crankshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/32—Engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding main groups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
    • F02B2075/1808—Number of cylinders two
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/22—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement
    • F02B75/228—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement with cylinders arranged in parallel banks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/22—Compensation of inertia forces
    • F16F15/26—Compensation of inertia forces of crankshaft systems using solid masses, other than the ordinary pistons, moving with the system, i.e. masses connected through a kinematic mechanism or gear system
    • F16F15/264—Rotating balancer shafts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/905—Combustion engine

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种电力单元，尤其用于混合动力车辆，该电力单元具有两气缸往复式活塞引擎，两‑气缸往复式活塞引擎包括在以串列式布置的两个汽缸(1、2)中引导的两个活塞(3、4)和通过连杆(5、6)连接到活塞(3、4)的两个反向旋转曲轴(7、8)，且所述电力单元具有交流发电机(11)，该交流发电机(11)能够相对于第一曲轴(7)以相对的方向旋转且相对于第二曲轴(8)以相同的方向旋转。本发明的特点在于，该交流发电机(11)经由牵引装置与至少所述第一曲轴(7)成驱动啮合，且包括平衡块(13)，其中所述第一曲轴(7)经由定时链条(18)或定时带连接到承载另一平衡物(14)的平衡轴杆(12)。本发明还涉及一种具有此电力单元的车辆，尤其是混合动力车辆。

Description

电力单元
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有权利要求1的前序部分的特征的电力单元。本发明另外涉及一种具有此电力单元的车辆。以上类型的电力单元例如从专利WO 2012/056275 A1已知。
背景技术
已知电力单元具有拥有反向旋转曲轴的两气缸往复式活塞引擎，反向旋转曲轴在其轴杆颈架处通过正齿轮彼此耦合。正齿轮彼此啮合且使反向旋转曲轴同步。往复式活塞引擎驱动用于发电的交流发电机。交流发电机包括与两个曲轴中的一者啮合的交流发电机大齿轮。在操作中，交流发电机以与第一曲轴相对的方向旋转，且以与第二曲轴相同的方向旋转。
已知电力单元特定来说用于混合动力车辆中，且因此运行平滑度、低振动和紧凑型设计都是重要因素。这些特性已经由已知电力单元满足。尽管如此，仍在作出努力以进一步改进这些性质。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是由此进一步开发已知电力单元使得其具有关于运行平滑度和低振动改进的性质，同时尤其具有紧凑型尺寸。本发明的进一步目的是详细说明具有此改进的电力单元的机动车辆。
根据本发明，涉及电力单元的该目的由专利权利要求1的主题实现，且涉及机动车辆的目的由专利权利要求9的主题实现。
因此，本发明是基于提出一种尤其用于混合动力车辆的电力单元的构思，所述电力单元具有两-气缸往复式活塞引擎，所述气缸往复式活塞引擎具有以串列式布置的两-汽缸中引导的两个活塞。所述两-气缸往复式活塞引擎还具有通过连杆连接到活塞的两个反向旋转曲轴。电力单元包括交流发电机，其相对于第一曲轴以相对方向旋转且相对于第二曲轴以相同的方向旋转。根据本发明，交流发电机经由牵引装置与至少第一曲轴成驱动啮合，且具有平衡块。第一曲轴还经由定时链条或定时带连接到平衡轴杆，平衡轴杆承载另一平衡块。
由于交流发电机承载平衡物，交流发电机已经充当第一平衡轴杆。交流发电机因此满足双重功能，即一方面发电且另一方面平衡惯性力。因此，如此设计的的交流发电机促进改进的运行平滑度。为完全补偿二阶惯性力，此仅需要单一单独的平衡轴杆。因此实施电力单元的紧凑型结构，其不管完整的兰彻斯特平衡(Lanchester balancing)如何，仍示出就运行平滑度和低振动水平而言显著的改进。
在优选的变型中，可提供以下情况：牵引装置为齿形带或齿形链条。齿形带的使用实现尤其低噪声设计。齿形链条的使用还促进另一噪声减小设计，同时还提供高耐磨性。此外，齿形链条具有就往复式活塞引擎的油润滑而言的优点。
在本发明的变型的情况下，第一曲轴和第二曲轴可彼此成直接齿轮啮合。换句话说，在其端面中的每一者上，曲轴可包括彼此啮合的链轮或齿形曲柄颊板。第一曲轴经由牵引装置另外连接到交流发电机，且经由定时链条连接到平衡轴杆。
特别优选的替代方案中，牵引装置为两侧上具有齿的齿形链条，其中齿形链条的外侧与第一曲轴的链轮啮合，齿形链条的内侧与第二曲轴的链轮啮合。齿形链条因此遵循相对单一的路线，其就将力从链轮到交流发电机的传输而言是有利的。确切地说，链条具有负载下的少量偏转点。此外，避免了曲轴彼此或与交流发电机的直接齿轮啮合，这对往复式活塞引擎的平滑运行有益。
在根据本发明的电力单元的其它优选的变型中，可提供以下情况：第一曲轴或平衡轴杆承载飞轮块。飞轮块的功能是补偿交替力矩。优选地，飞轮块布置在第一曲轴(即，以与交流发电机相对的方向旋转的曲轴)上。或者，飞轮块可布置在平衡轴杆上，其取决于机动车辆中电力单元的安装位置可为有利的以便提供曲轴的平面中电力单元的最小可能宽度。还可能情况是：第一曲轴和平衡轴杆两者各自承载部分飞轮块。
为补偿二阶惯性力，如果曲轴与交流发电机和/或与平衡轴杆的位移比率为2:1，则是有利的。因为具有平衡物的交流发电机还充当平衡轴杆，所以此处也应维持对于兰彻斯特平衡(即，自由二阶惯性力的平衡)有利的2:1的位移比率。这意味着平衡轴杆和交流发电机各自以相对于曲轴来说双倍的速度旋转。
第一曲轴还可包括控制齿轮，其经由定时链条或定时带耦合到定时驱动器的惰齿轮。惰齿轮具有等于控制齿轮的直径的两倍的直径。换句话说，提供的情况是，定时链条或定时带将第一曲轴的控制齿轮耦合到平衡轴杆和惰齿轮两者。惰齿轮可布置在定时驱动器的端面上。惰齿轮相对于定时齿轮的双倍大小的使用使得能够获得曲轴与定时驱动器之间1:2的位移比率。定时驱动器因此以曲轴的速度的一半旋转。此定时驱动器可为深埋的定时驱动器，其布置在往复式活塞引擎的气缸密封件的水平面下方。
在有利实施例中，根据本发明的电力单元为单一交流发电机。限制为单一交流发电机不仅有益于电力单元的紧凑性，并且降低生产成本。总体上，产生可具成本效益地生产的尤其有效的低噪声和平滑运行的电力单元。同时，全部组件的小数目改进电力单元的可维护性。
根据第二方面，揭示和主张一种具有如上文所提及的电力单元的车辆，尤其是混合动力车辆。
附图说明
下文基于示范性实施例且参照图更详细地描述本发明。单一图式示出根据本发明的电力单元的侧视示意图，其中对于本发明不重要的组件被隐藏。
具体实施方式
图中示出的电力单元包括具有在其中引导活塞3、4的两个汽缸1、2的往复式活塞引擎(两气缸往复式活塞引擎)。活塞3、4借助于连杆5、6连接到曲轴7、8。每一活塞3、4各自分配到一个曲轴7、8。往复式活塞引擎因此包括彼此靠近地并联布置的两个曲轴7、8。曲轴7、8以相对方向旋转。这意味着两气缸往复式活塞引擎以串列式设计实施。
曲轴7、8各自承载链轮9、10。链轮9、10彼此隔开且通过齿形链条15耦合到一起。齿形链条15在两侧上都为齿形，其中齿形链条15的外侧15a与第一曲轴7的链轮9啮合。齿形链条15的内侧15b与第二曲轴8的链轮10啮合。齿形链条15还延伸到交流发电机11，齿形链条15的内侧15b啮合在交流发电机11的大齿轮中。交流发电机11因此借助于齿形链条15耦合到曲轴7、8，且由曲轴7、8驱动。在此情况下交流发电机11相对于第一曲轴7以相对方向旋转，且相对于第二曲轴8以相同的方向旋转。
在一些区段中，齿形链条15在链轮9、10之间成直线延伸，链轮9、10之间的齿形链条15的直线区段优选地至少30mm长，以便确保链轮9、10中齿形链条15的个别齿的精确啮合。
如图中清楚地可见，齿形链条15的驱动侧16在交流发电机11与第一曲轴7或第一曲轴7的链轮9之间延行。齿形链条15的松边17在第二曲轴8或第二曲轴8的链轮10与交流发电机11之间延行。因为第二曲轴8的链轮10与交流发电机11之间的距离比较大，所以有利的是在交流发电机11与第二曲轴8之间提供链条引导件23。链条引导件23大体上防止松边17的任何下垂，且因此促成电力单元的平滑运行。
在第一曲轴7的轴杆颈架上布置定时齿轮21。定时齿轮21可刚性地连接到第一曲轴7的链轮10。在任何情况下，规定定时齿轮21与第一曲轴7的链轮10之间的连接为可旋转固定的。定时齿轮21与定时链条18啮合，定时链条18将定时齿轮21耦合到平衡轴杆12和定时驱动器19。确切地说，定时链条18从定时齿轮21延伸到平衡轴杆12且进一步延伸到安放在定时驱动器19的前面上的惰齿轮20。惰齿轮20优选地设计成定时齿轮21的两倍大，便于在定时驱动器19与曲轴7、8之间设定2:1的位移比率。定时驱动器19可有利地被设计为深埋的定时驱动器。具体地说，定时驱动器19优选地布置在气缸密封件的水平面下方。此减小电力单元的总高度。
为抵消二阶惯性力，即提供所谓的兰彻斯特补偿，提供平衡物13、14。这些平衡物13中的一者布置在交流发电机11上。与此同相但以相对方向旋转的另一平衡物14布置在平衡轴杆12上。在平衡轴杆12或交流发电机11与曲轴7、8之间存在1:2的位移比率。换句话说，交流发电机11和平衡轴杆12两者以曲轴7、8的两倍一样快的速度旋转。平衡轴杆12和交流发电机11各自以彼此相对的方向旋转，以便确保二阶惯性力的有效平衡。
为补偿归因于4循环操作中往复式活塞引擎的点火次序而发生的交替力矩，提供飞轮块22，其连接到第一曲轴7。飞轮块22优选地布置在往复式活塞引擎的逆向侧上。换句话说，第一曲轴7在其纵向端处包括轴杆颈架，其中链轮9和定时齿轮21位于第一前端轴杆颈架上。在与第一轴杆颈架相对的第二轴杆颈架上，可旋转地固定飞轮块22。另一飞轮块24可连接到第二曲轴8。分配到第二曲轴8的飞轮块24优选地小于第一曲轴7的飞轮块22。
附图标记列表
1、2 气缸
3、4 活塞
5、6 连杆
7 第一曲轴
8 第二曲轴
9、10 链轮
11 交流发电机
12 平衡轴杆
13、14 平衡物
15 齿形链条
15a 外侧
15b 内侧
16 驱动侧
17 松边
18 定时链条
19 定时驱动器
20 惰轮
21 定时齿轮
22、24 飞轮块
23 链条引导件

Claims (9)

1.一种电力单元，尤其用于混合动力车辆，所述电力单元具有两-气缸往复式活塞引擎，所述两-气缸往复式活塞引擎包括在以串列式布置的两个汽缸(1、2)中引导的两个活塞(3、4)和通过连杆(5、6)连接到所述活塞(3、4)的两个反向旋转曲轴(7、8)，且所述电力单元具有交流发电机(11)，所述交流发电机(11)能够相对于第一曲轴(7)以相对的方向旋转且相对于第二曲轴(8)以相同的方向旋转，
其特征在于
所述交流发电机(11)经由牵引装置与至少所述第一曲轴(7)成驱动啮合，且包括平衡块(13)，其中所述第一曲轴(7)经由定时链条(18)或定时带连接到承载另一平衡物(14)的平衡轴杆(12)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电力单元，
其特征在于
所述牵引装置为齿形带或齿形链条(15)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的电力单元，
其特征在于
所述第一曲轴(7)和所述第二曲轴(8)可彼此成直接齿轮啮合。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的电力单元，
其特征在于
所述牵引装置为两侧上具有齿的齿形链条(15)，所述齿形链条(15)的外侧(15a)与所述第一曲轴(7)的链轮(9)啮合，且内侧(15b)与所述第二曲轴(8)的链轮(10)啮合。
5.根据前述任一权利要求所述的电力单元，
其特征在于
所述第一曲轴(7)或所述平衡轴杆(12)承载飞轮块(22)。
6.根据前述任一权利要求所述的电力单元，
其特征在于
所述曲轴(7、8)与所述交流发电机(11)和/或与所述平衡轴杆(12)的平移比率为2:1。
7.根据前述任一权利要求所述的电力单元，
其特征在于
所述第一曲轴(7)包括定时齿轮(21)，所述定时齿轮(21)经由所述定时链条(18)或所述定时带耦合到定时驱动器(19)的惰齿轮(20)，惰齿轮的直径是所述定时齿轮(21)的直径的两倍。
8.根据前述任一权利要求所述的电力单元，
其特征在于
提供单个交流发电机(11)。
9.一种具有根据前述任一权利要求所述的电力单元的机动车辆，所述机动车辆尤其是混合动力车辆。
CN201580068283.6A 2014-10-16 2015-09-28 电力单元 Expired - Fee Related CN107107728B (zh)

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