CN106982609A - Subtract the method for nitrogen fertilizer application in a kind of peanut cultivation - Google Patents
Subtract the method for nitrogen fertilizer application in a kind of peanut cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106982609A CN106982609A CN201710101585.XA CN201710101585A CN106982609A CN 106982609 A CN106982609 A CN 106982609A CN 201710101585 A CN201710101585 A CN 201710101585A CN 106982609 A CN106982609 A CN 106982609A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural plantation technology field, and in particular to subtracts the method for nitrogen fertilizer application in a kind of peanut cultivation.The Kernel of Peanut of specific selection full grains, in temperature be 35 38 DEG C, air humidity be 95 98% under conditions of induction Kernel of Peanut bear after rudiment crop field excavate sowing bunch planting kind, at cave bottom, uniform paving spills one layer and releases slow urea, one layer of hair powder is uniformly dispensed releasing slow urea upper strata, by in peanut seeding to cave, original soil is filled up;Seedling Stage after peanut seeding, pour reed root hydrolyzate, in peanut florescence, every 10 days, pour 1000 times of liquid of sodium glutamate, Peanut Pod Periods, bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is poured, is controlled by above-mentioned each plantation process, amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer in peanut cultivation can be significantly reduced, in addition to planting cost is reduced, also it is prevented effectively from inorganic fertilizer and crosses the pollution applied and caused to soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural plantation technology field, and in particular to subtracts the method for nitrogen fertilizer application in a kind of peanut cultivation.
Background technology
Peanut, is the annual herb plant of pulse family Arachis, originates in South America, and current China's peanut yield occupies generation
Boundary is the first, and peanut is the important industrial crops of China, rich in protein and fat, is both main edible vegetable oil source, is again
Large exporting, peanut is widely used, and critical role is occupied in national economy, develops peanut production, high except cultivation is needed
Produce high-quality peanut kind outside, set up the Efficient Cultivation measure of suitable peanut production also play the role of it is important, nitrogen be plant life
One of macronutrient needed for long development, directly affects peanut yield and quality, China be in the world utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer compared with
Low country, the nitrogenous fertilizer agronomy efficiency and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer of staple food crop peanut are in a relatively low shape of utilization rate
State, there is certain obstruction in this to the process for improving agricultural production efficiency and environmental protection.
The content of the invention
To solve the problem of utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is relatively low in existing peanut cultivation, cultivated peanut it is an object of the invention to provide one
Subtract the method for nitrogen fertilizer application in plantation.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is to subtract the method for nitrogen fertilizer application in a kind of peanut cultivation, specifically:
(1)The Kernel of Peanut of full grains is selected, is 35-38 DEG C in temperature, air humidity is induction flower under conditions of 95-98%
Non-hibernating eggs benevolence bears rudiment of the length in 1-1.5cm;
(2)Peanut induction bear after rudiment, crop field excavate sowing cave, sow a diameter of 40-50cm in cave, depth in 40-50cm,
At cave bottom, uniformly paving spills one layer and releases slow urea, and one layer of hair powder is uniformly dispensed releasing slow urea upper strata, by peanut seeding to cave,
Fill up original soil;
(3)After peanut seeding-Seedling Stage, every 5 days, a root of phragmites communis hydrolyzate is poured, every time every plant of pouring 15-20ml, flower
In raw florescence, every 10 days, 1000 times of liquid of a sodium glutamate are poured, every time every plant of pouring 30-35ml, Peanut Pod Periods, often
Every 3-4 days, a bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is poured, every time every plant of pouring 10-12ml.
The air humidity is adjusted by humidifier, and humidification water source is the calcium pantothenate water that concentration is 0.05-0.08% in humidifier
Solution;
It is described to release slow urea in making, a layer thickness is uniformly wrapped for 0.8-1cm in urea surface, by bog soil, salt, water
By 100:1-2:What 15-20 weight was obtained than mixing releases slow coating, after the completion of coating, in 60-65 DEG C of baking temperature
Under bake 30-40 minutes;
Per cave 10-12g hair powder;
When the reed rhizome hydrolyzate specifically makes, reed rhizome is crushed to 50-60 mesh, 8- is baked under 98-110 DEG C of baking temperature
10 minutes, by 1:10 volume ratio immerses concentration in 4.8-5% aqueous sodium carbonate, to be heated to 60-70 DEG C and insulated and stirred
30-35 minutes, filtration, filtrate pH is to 5.2-5.5 for regulation, obtains reed rhizome hydrolyzate;
When the bacterium solution hydrolyzate specifically makes, bacillus subtilis is seeded in watermelon normal juice and expands culture to bacillus
Into exponential phase, fermentation is terminated by high-temperature sterilization, bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is obtained.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is,
Peanut cultivation method of the present invention can significantly reduce amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer during peanut cultivation, more traditional conventional peanut cultivation nitrogen
Fertile consumption reduces more than 52%, wherein, induce Kernel of Peanut to grow length 1-1.5cm's in middle temperature high humidity environment peanut
Rudiment, then sowed, peanut can be significantly improved and go out disease-resistant performance in shoot survival percent and growth, and when shortening peanut germination
Between, the peanut of 1-1.5cm rudiments is induced through after planting, success emergence rate, after after peanut rudiment, is sowed to cave 100%,
At cave bottom, uniform paving spills one layer and releases slow urea, and slow coating is released by what bog soil, salt, water were mixed to get in the coating of urea outer layer,
The activity of urine enzyme in soil can be suppressed, so as to delay urea decomposable process, that improves urea releases slow performance, on slow urea is released
Layer dispenses one layer of hair, can accelerate, expand rhizobium in dip-dye speed and scope of the Peanut Root System growth period to it, contribute to root
The formation of knurl, so as to improve peanut nodule fixed nitrogen performance, on the premise of less nitrogenous fertilizer applied amount, also can guarantee that the peanut growth phase
Nitrogen is sufficiently fed, after peanut seeding-Seedling Stage, and root of phragmites communis hydrolyzate was poured every 5 days, Peanut Root System can be promoted to give birth to
Long, peanut Post flowering poured 100 times of liquid of a sodium glutamate every 10 days, florescence concentration was helped lend some impetus to, neatly, beneficial to flower
Give birth to organic centre after pin bears pods to be transferred on pod, Peanut Pod Periods, every 3-4 days, pour a bacillus subtilis bacterium
Liquid, helps lend some impetus to really full, fruit together, reduces flat fruit rate, and then raising peanut per mu yield, passes through above-mentioned each plantation process and controls, energy
Amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer in peanut cultivation is significantly reduced, in addition to planting cost is reduced, inorganic fertilizer is also prevented effectively from and crosses to apply and soil is caused
Pollution.
Embodiment
Subtract the method for nitrogen fertilizer application in embodiment 1, a kind of peanut cultivation, specifically:
(1)Select full grains Kernel of Peanut, in temperature be 35 DEG C, air humidity be 95% under conditions of induce Kernel of Peanut
Bear rudiment of the length in 1cm;
(2)Peanut induction bear after rudiment, crop field excavate sowing cave, sow a diameter of 40-50cm in cave, depth in 40-50cm,
At cave bottom, uniformly paving spills one layer and releases slow urea, and one layer of hair powder is uniformly dispensed releasing slow urea upper strata, by peanut seeding to cave,
Fill up original soil;
(3)After peanut seeding-Seedling Stage, every 5 days, a root of phragmites communis hydrolyzate is poured, every time every plant of pouring 15ml, peanut is opened
At the florescence, every 10 days, 1000 times of liquid of a sodium glutamate are poured, every time every plant of pouring 30ml, Peanut Pod Periods, every 3 days, are poured
A bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is filled, every time every plant of pouring 10ml;
The air humidity is adjusted by humidifier, and humidification water source is the calcium pantothenate aqueous solution that concentration is 0.05% in humidifier;
It is described to release slow urea in making, a layer thickness is uniformly wrapped for 0.8cm in urea surface, is pressed by bog soil, salt, water
100:1:What 15 weight was obtained than mixing releases slow coating, and after the completion of coating, 30 points are baked under 60 DEG C of baking temperature
Clock;
Per cave 10g hair powder;
When the reed rhizome hydrolyzate specifically makes, reed rhizome is crushed to 50 mesh, bakes 8 minutes, presses under 98 DEG C of baking temperature
1:10 volume ratio immersion concentration is filtered, adjusted in 4.8% aqueous sodium carbonate, to be heated to 60 DEG C of simultaneously insulated and stirred 30 minutes
Filtrate pH is saved to 5.2, reed rhizome hydrolyzate is obtained;
When the bacterium solution hydrolyzate specifically makes, bacillus subtilis is seeded in watermelon normal juice and expands culture to bacillus
Into exponential phase, fermentation is terminated by high-temperature sterilization, bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is obtained.
Subtract the method for nitrogen fertilizer application in embodiment 2, a kind of peanut cultivation, specifically:
(1)Select full grains Kernel of Peanut, in temperature be 38 DEG C, air humidity be 98% under conditions of induce Kernel of Peanut
Bear rudiment of the length in 1.5cm;
(2)Peanut induction bear after rudiment, crop field excavate sowing cave, sow a diameter of 40-50cm in cave, depth in 40-50cm,
At cave bottom, uniformly paving spills one layer and releases slow urea, and one layer of hair powder is uniformly dispensed releasing slow urea upper strata, by peanut seeding to cave,
Fill up original soil;
(3)After peanut seeding-Seedling Stage, every 5 days, a root of phragmites communis hydrolyzate is poured, every time every plant of pouring 20ml, peanut is opened
At the florescence, every 10 days, 1000 times of liquid of a sodium glutamate are poured, every time every plant of pouring 35ml, Peanut Pod Periods, every 4 days, are poured
A bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is filled, every time every plant of pouring 12ml;
The air humidity is adjusted by humidifier, and humidification water source is the calcium pantothenate aqueous solution that concentration is 0.08% in humidifier;
It is described to release slow urea in making, a layer thickness is uniformly wrapped for 1cm in urea surface, is pressed by bog soil, salt, water
100:2:What 20 weight was obtained than mixing releases slow coating, and after the completion of coating, 40 points are baked under 65 DEG C of baking temperature
Clock;
Per cave 12g hair powder;
When the reed rhizome hydrolyzate specifically makes, reed rhizome is crushed to 60 mesh, baked under 110 DEG C of baking temperature 10 minutes,
By 1:10 volume ratio immersion concentration is filtered, adjusted in 5% aqueous sodium carbonate, to be heated to 70 DEG C of simultaneously insulated and stirred 35 minutes
Filtrate pH is saved to 5.5, reed rhizome hydrolyzate is obtained;
When the bacterium solution hydrolyzate specifically makes, bacillus subtilis is seeded in watermelon normal juice and expands culture to bacillus
Into exponential phase, fermentation is terminated by high-temperature sterilization, bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is obtained.
Subtract the method for nitrogen fertilizer application in embodiment 3, a kind of peanut cultivation, specifically:
(1)Select full grains Kernel of Peanut, in temperature be 36 DEG C, air humidity be 97% under conditions of induce Kernel of Peanut
Bear rudiment of the length in 1.3cm;
(2)Peanut induction bear after rudiment, crop field excavate sowing cave, sow a diameter of 40-50cm in cave, depth in 40-50cm,
At cave bottom, uniformly paving spills one layer and releases slow urea, and one layer of hair powder is uniformly dispensed releasing slow urea upper strata, by peanut seeding to cave,
Fill up original soil;
(3)After peanut seeding-Seedling Stage, every 5 days, a root of phragmites communis hydrolyzate is poured, every time every plant of pouring 17ml, peanut is opened
At the florescence, every 10 days, 1000 times of liquid of a sodium glutamate are poured, every time every plant of pouring 32ml, Peanut Pod Periods, every 3 days, are poured
A bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is filled, every time every plant of pouring 11ml.
The air humidity is adjusted by humidifier, and humidification water source is the calcium pantothenate aqueous solution that concentration is 0.06% in humidifier;
It is described to release slow urea in making, a layer thickness is uniformly wrapped for 0.9cm in urea surface, is pressed by bog soil, salt, water
100:1.5:What 17 weight was obtained than mixing releases slow coating, and after the completion of coating, 35 are baked under 62 DEG C of baking temperature
Minute;
Per cave 11g hair powder;
When the reed rhizome hydrolyzate specifically makes, reed rhizome is crushed to 55 mesh, bakes 9 minutes, presses under 100 DEG C of baking temperature
1:10 volume ratio immersion concentration is filtered, adjusted in 4.9% aqueous sodium carbonate, to be heated to 65 DEG C of simultaneously insulated and stirred 32 minutes
Filtrate pH is saved to 5.4, reed rhizome hydrolyzate is obtained;
When the bacterium solution hydrolyzate specifically makes, bacillus subtilis is seeded in watermelon normal juice and expands culture to bacillus
Into exponential phase, fermentation is terminated by high-temperature sterilization, bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is obtained.
Below in conjunction with specific plantation contrast test, the present invention will be described:
Test material:Examination is Shan oil 27 for peanut varieties, and peanut seed used is the peanut produced from same plantation place upper one year
Seed, experimental group, conventional group, control group 1, control group 2, control group 3, control group 4, control are randomly divided into by institute's yield peanut seed
Totally seven groups, every group 100 of group 5;
Test and carried out in 2015 in Zongyang County Jin She townshiies, experimental field soil is loess, each group plot soil fertility is close;
Wherein, experimental group carries out Cultivate administration according to the mode of embodiment 3;
Conventional group is managed according to conventional peanut cultivation mode;
The cancellation step on the basis of embodiment 3 of control group 1(1)Rush rudiment process;
The cancellation step on the basis of embodiment 3 of control group 2(2)In uniformly wrap one layer in urea surface and release slow coating;
Control group 3 is on the basis of embodiment 3 by step(2)In slow urea of releasing be substituted for commercially available routine and release slow urea;
The cancellation step on the basis of embodiment 3 of control group 4(2)Middle spreading hair powder;
The cancellation step on the basis of embodiment 3 of control group 5(3);
Wherein, experimental group, control group 1, control group 2, control group 3, control group 4, control group 5 only apply nitrogenous fertilizer, and nitrogen in cave
Fertile applied amount is identical, and conventional group applies nitrogenous fertilizer according to a conventional method(Urea), in addition, remaining way to manage all same of each group;
During experiment, statistics each group peanut seeding after emergence rate, off-test, count each group peanut per mu yield, remaining each group relative to
Conventional group nitrogenous fertilizer, which applies, increases or decreases percentage, and Peanut Root System dry weight result see the table below 1:
Group | Emergence rate(%) | Peanut per mu yield(kg) | Apply for conventional group nitrogenous fertilizer and increase or decrease percentage(%) | Peanut Root System dry weight(G/ plants) |
Experimental group | 100 | 570 | -55 | 12.5 |
Conventional group | 83 | 540 | - | 8.2 |
Control group 1 | 85 | 558 | -55 | 12.0 |
Control group 2 | 100 | 390 | -55 | 12.4 |
Control group 3 | 100 | 440 | -55 | 12.2 |
Control group 4 | 100 | 540 | -55 | 12.4 |
Control group 5 | 100 | 522 | -55 | 8.4 |
As shown in Table 1, nitrogen application can be significantly reduced while peanut per mu yield is ensured using the implantation methods of embodiment 3
Amount.
Claims (5)
1. subtract the method for nitrogen fertilizer application in a kind of peanut cultivation, it is characterised in that specific:
(1)The Kernel of Peanut of full grains is selected, is 35-38 DEG C in temperature, air humidity is induction flower under conditions of 95-98%
Non-hibernating eggs benevolence bears rudiment of the length in 1-1.5cm;
(2)Peanut induction bear after rudiment, crop field excavate sowing cave, sow a diameter of 40-50cm in cave, depth in 40-50cm,
At cave bottom, uniformly paving spills one layer and releases slow urea, and one layer of hair powder is uniformly dispensed releasing slow urea upper strata, by peanut seeding to cave,
Fill up original soil;
(3)After peanut seeding-Seedling Stage, every 5 days, a root of phragmites communis hydrolyzate is poured, every time every plant of pouring 15-20ml, flower
In raw florescence, every 10 days, 1000 times of liquid of a sodium glutamate are poured, every time every plant of pouring 30-35ml, Peanut Pod Periods, often
Every 3-4 days, a bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is poured, every time every plant of pouring 10-12ml.
2. subtract the method for nitrogen fertilizer application in a kind of peanut cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The air humidity is adjusted by humidifier, and humidification water source is that the calcium pantothenate that concentration is 0.05-0.08% is water-soluble in humidifier
Liquid.
3. subtract the method for nitrogen fertilizer application in a kind of peanut cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
It is described to release slow urea in making, a layer thickness is uniformly wrapped for 0.8-1cm in urea surface, by bog soil, salt, water
By 100:1-2:What 15-20 weight was obtained than mixing releases slow coating, after the completion of coating, in 60-65 DEG C of baking temperature
Under bake 30-40 minutes.
4. subtract the method for nitrogen fertilizer application in a kind of peanut cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
When the reed rhizome hydrolyzate specifically makes, reed rhizome is crushed to 50-60 mesh, 8- is baked under 98-110 DEG C of baking temperature
10 minutes, by 1:10 volume ratio immerses concentration in 4.8-5% aqueous sodium carbonate, to be heated to 60-70 DEG C and insulated and stirred
30-35 minutes, filtration, filtrate pH is to 5.2-5.5 for regulation, obtains reed rhizome hydrolyzate.
5. subtract the method for nitrogen fertilizer application in a kind of peanut cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
When the bacterium solution hydrolyzate specifically makes, bacillus subtilis is seeded in watermelon normal juice and expands culture to bacillus
Into exponential phase, fermentation is terminated by high-temperature sterilization, bacillus subtilis bacterium solution is obtained.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112075159A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-15 | 慈溪市农业技术推广中心(慈溪市种子管理站) | Saline-alkali-resistant high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation method for peanuts |
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CN102487677A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-06-13 | 河南省农业科学院 | Production method for multiple cropping of corn, peanut or soybean in one year |
CN103749034A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for reducing nitrogen fertilizer in wheat-corn rotation system |
CN103766108A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2014-05-07 | 吴燕 | Method for cultivating peanuts |
CN103891498A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-07-02 | 周世永 | Planting method of organic peanuts |
CN106316523A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-11 | 北海市伟恒生态农业有限公司 | Pumpkin fertilizer |
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2017
- 2017-02-24 CN CN201710101585.XA patent/CN106982609A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102487677A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-06-13 | 河南省农业科学院 | Production method for multiple cropping of corn, peanut or soybean in one year |
CN103766108A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2014-05-07 | 吴燕 | Method for cultivating peanuts |
CN103749034A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for reducing nitrogen fertilizer in wheat-corn rotation system |
CN103891498A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-07-02 | 周世永 | Planting method of organic peanuts |
CN106316523A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-11 | 北海市伟恒生态农业有限公司 | Pumpkin fertilizer |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112075159A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-15 | 慈溪市农业技术推广中心(慈溪市种子管理站) | Saline-alkali-resistant high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation method for peanuts |
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Application publication date: 20170728 |