CN104770279A - Senecio cineraria plug seedling culture transplanting method - Google Patents
Senecio cineraria plug seedling culture transplanting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a senecio cineraria plug seedling transplanting method, which comprises the following steps of (1) seedling culture disc and plug substrate preparation; (2) seeding: in mid February to mid March, seedling culture trays are sterilized, and are then filled with substrates, soaked seeds are uniformly mixed with fine sand, the mixture is spread on the surface of the substrates, then, a layer of vermiculite is covered, the watering is carried out after the seeding, finally, a film covers the seedling culture trays; the seedling culture trays are put into a greenhouse after the seeding, and certain temperature and humidity are maintained; after young seedlings begin to sprout, the attention needs to be paid on the ventilation and sun shading, the temperature and the humidity are properly lowered for preventing vain growth, and the seedling thinning and weeding are carried out in time; when 80 percent of young seedlings grow out of the soil, the film can be uncovered, and the watering is carried out every day; (3) seedling separation; (4) fixed planting; (5) field management; (6) harvesting. The senecio cineraria plug seedling transplanting method has the advantages that the harvesting period is brought forward to more than 15 days, the growth period is correspondingly prolonged by more than 15 days, the average acre yield is improved from 35 kg to more than 40kg, and the average seed consumption per acre of land is reduced from 1000g to 200g.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of snow chrysanthemum transplanting hole tray seedling method.
Background technology
Snow chrysanthemum, originates in area, Middle West, the Plants that China's western region is now widely cultivated, and belongs to composite family golden pheasant Chrysanthemum annual herb plant, formal name used at school dichromatism golden wave.Snow chrysanthemum height 30-60cm, stem is upright, the thin rib that tool is vertical, top branch.Leaf is to life, and twice pinniform is totally cleaved, sliver bar shaped or strip lanceolar, Quan Yuan, middle part and inferior leads tool long handle, the handle of upper leaf stockless or phyllopodium downward one-tenth tool wing.Capitulum is most, has elongated peduncle, inflorescence footpath 2-4cm, most, is arranged in umbrella room shape.Involucre hemispherical, phyllary skin is shorter, avette, long 2-3mm, internal layer ovum shape Long Circle, long 5-6mm, and top is blue.Ligulate flower yellow or tongue piece base portion brown, tongue piece obovate, long 8-15mm, tubular flower bronzing, narrow mitriform, is about 3mm.Achene spindle, long 2.5-3mm, two sides is smooth or have projection.Florescence 6-9 month.Due to growing environment compared with of low pollution, be rich in multiple to human body beneficiating ingredient, therefore to come as a kind of tea-drinking is universal gradually now.Snow chrysanthemum is mainly directly sowed at present and cultivates, and sowing quantity is large, and breeding time is shorter, and output is lower.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of snow chrysanthemum transplanting hole tray seedling method, seed consumption can be reduced, prolong growth period, increase yield, thus improve income.
The invention provides a kind of snow chrysanthemum transplanting hole tray seedling method, comprise the following steps:
(1) seedling-cultivating tray and plug media is prepared: mix, the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite as seedling-cultivating tray and plug media according to mass ratio 3:1;
(2) sow: mid-February-mid-March, load matrix after being sterilized by seedling-cultivating tray, after the seed after immersion is mixed with fine sand, broadcast sowing in stromal surface, then lid layer vermiculite, after planting sprinkle water, finally use film cover on seedling-cultivating tray; Seedling-cultivating tray after planting puts into greenhouse, keeps uniform temperature humidity; When seedling starts to emerge, notice that ventilation is sheltered from heat or light, suitably reduce temperature and humidity and prevent excessive growth, timely thinning also weeds out the rank grass; After having 80% come up, can film be opened, after this need water every day;
(3) seedling is divided: grow to 4-6 sheet true leaf time-division seedling after snow chrysanthemum emerges and coil continuation cultivation to cave; During cultivation, keep temperature to be no more than 25 DEG C daytime, be not less than 10 DEG C evening, according to the humidity condition of matrix, within 3-5 days, water 1 time;
(4) field planting: carry out transplant planting when seedling grows to 7-9 sheet true leaf, fertilising before field planting;
(5) field management;
(6) gather.
Preferably, keep described in step (2) uniform temperature humidity refer to the substrate temperature of seedling-cultivating tray more than 12 DEG C, temperature 20-25 DEG C, 2 days water spray 1 time, make water content of substrate remain on about 85%.
Preferably, described in step (4), fertilising executes decomposed manure 2-3 ton for every mu of ground, composite fertilizer 20-30kg.
Preferably, described in step (5), field management is: intertill and clean tillage 3-4 time after transplanting, and first time is slightly dark, and intertillage is slightly shallow later; Snow chrysanthemum needs water less early stage, needs water to increase, according to soil water-containing situation, should water in time, avoid arid phenomenon to occur along with seedling grows up.
Adopt technical scheme of the present invention, transplant after can realizing the first nursery of snow chrysanthemum, can make shift to an earlier date more than 15 days the picking time of snow chrysanthemum, breeding time correspondingly extends more than 15 days, per mu yield brings up to more than 40 kilograms by 35 kilograms, and on average every mu of seed consumption is reduced to 200g by 1000g.Snow chrysanthemum adopts transplanting hole tray seedling method, is a kind of easy and simple to handle, with low cost, is easy to the seedling-cultivating method obtaining a large amount of seedling, and can be mountain area, Xinjiang establishing in large scale snow chrysanthemum, extend the breeding time of snow chrysanthemum, carrying out the industrialization development of snow chrysanthemum provides seedling to ensure.
Embodiment
Following embodiment is convenient to understand the present invention better, but does not limit the present invention.Experimental technique in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is conventional method.
embodiment 1
Snow chrysanthemum point disk seedling growing method of the present invention is as follows:
(1) seedling-cultivating tray and plug media is prepared: mix, the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite as seedling-cultivating tray and plug media according to mass ratio 3:1.The peat composed of rotten mosses, also known as peat, is under ponding anoxia condition, the natural product that plant residue is slow through anaerobe, incomplete decomposing is formed.Peat composed of rotten mosses unit weight is little, the content of organic matter is high, cation exchange capacity is large, preserve moisture and fertility power strong, and plant pathogen infects few, is the usual ingredients of domestic and international vegetable seedling substrate.Vermiculite is the secondary silicoide of mica group, and unit weight is very little, and total porosity is high, and water-holding capacity is large, and the mineral nutrients such as contained potassium, calcium, magnesium can discharge in right amount, absorb for crop.Vermiculite has higher resiliency and ion-exchange capacity, and air capacity of soils, is mixed with mixed-matrix with vermiculite and other seedling mediums with certain proportion, and snow chrysanthemum nursery effect is good.
The peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite, according to after mass ratio 3:1 Homogeneous phase mixing, have excellent physicochemical property, and unit weight is suitable for, and porosity increases, and can keep water content and the gas permeability of matrix, are conducive to the nursery effect improving snow chrysanthemum.
(2) in seedling-cultivating tray, broadcast sowing snow chrysanthemum seed: early Febuary all can be sowed to early March, adopt seedling-cultivating tray to sow.Select the qualified snow chrysanthemum seed of germination rate more than 90%, contain into 3 times of water to seed volume in seed soaking container, seed is poured in container and soak 4 hours, by seed maceration.After seedling-cultivating tray is first rinsed well with clear water, then sterilize 30 minutes with 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800-1000 times of immersion bubble seedling-cultivating tray, prevent damping off, the damping off in seedling stage.Stromal surface to seedling-cultivating tray 2/3 place, and is flattened compacting with plank by dress matrix gently.Pull seed out with crocus cloth, the seed soaked is dried in the air into half-dried, chooses impurity, after mixing with 5 times of fine sands to seed and snow chrysanthemum seed, seed is sown in stromal surface equably, then lid layer vermiculite, thickness is about 0.5cm.Adding fine sand during the sowing of snow chrysanthemum can make seed scatter, and is convenient to sowing evenly; Cover the effect that vermiculite can play moisturizing.After planting drench matrix with pore watering pot, notice that the water yield of watering can not be too large, in order to avoid seed punching is got up, also use the same method when watering later and carry out.Finally plastic film is covered on seedling-cultivating tray, to keep moisture.Each seedling-cultivating tray seeding quantity is 1 gram.
Seedling-cultivating tray after planting fitly swings in greenhouse, keeps the substrate temperature of seedling-cultivating tray more than 12 DEG C, temperature 20-25 DEG C, and within 2 days, spray water 1 time, make water content of substrate remain on about 85%, within after planting about 7 days, emerge, emergence rate is up to 80% under these conditions.When seedling starts to emerge, notice that ventilation is sheltered from heat or light, suitably reduce temperature and humidity and prevent excessive growth, timely thinning also weeds out the rank grass.After having 80% come up, can film be opened, after this need water every day.
(3) seedling is divided: grow to 4-6 sheet true leaf time-division seedling after snow chrysanthemum emerges and coil to the cave in 50 holes or 72 holes.During point seedling, seedling is too small is not easy to operation, affects survival rate when seedling is excessive.Divide Miao Qianyao to irrigate seedling-cultivating tray matrix, then related for seedling matrix dug out together, each seedling independently separately, plant the cave dish into pressing cave, action wants soft, avoids hindering root.A few days ago will note after transplanting seedlings shelters from heat or light, and keeps matrix moistening.After slow seedling, get final product normal illumination.Keep temperature to be no more than 25 DEG C daytime, be not less than 10 DEG C evening, according to the humidity condition of matrix, within 3-5 days, water 1 time, to keep the temperature and humidity conditions of applicable growth of seedling, nurturing staff.Transplant and within first 1 week, progressively strengthen the mouth that leaks informaton until all open, carry out cooling hardening, to make seedling adapt to transplant the temperature environment in plot.
(4) field planting: carry out transplant planting when seedling grows to 7-9 sheet true leaf.Land for growing field crops snow chrysanthemum cultivation carries out field planting after late April.The fertilizer 2-3 ton such as sheep excrement, cow dung that before field planting, every mu of ground is executed to become thoroughly decomposed, the composite fertilizer 20-30 kilogram such as diammonium phosphate.Above-mentioned fertilizing amount can provide the nutrient needed for snow chrysanthemum process of growth.Snow chrysanthemum Production of Large Fields, the flat bedding cultivation of general many employings, seeding row spacing 50 cm x 15 centimetres during field planting.Snow chrysanthemum is avoided extremely hot, not resistance to frost.Therefore, spring will field planting after late frost, and autumn gathers complete before early frost.
(5) field management: snow chrysanthemum happiness light, cold-hartliness is strong, drought-resistant, barren-resistant, to the strong adaptability of soil, cultivates easy excessive growth lodging in rich soil.Snow chrysanthemum field production is easy, manageable, not easily damage by disease and insect occurs.Intertill and clean tillage 3-4 time after transplanting, first time is slightly dark, is beneficial to root growth, removes weeds simultaneously, and intertillage is slightly shallow later, avoids hindering root.Snow chrysanthemum needs water less early stage, needs water to increase, according to soil water-containing situation, should water in time, avoid arid phenomenon to occur along with seedling grows up.
(6) gather: when snow chrysanthemum Post flowering can be plucked.Pluck snow chrysanthemum to require to carry out in every morning, and the snow chrysanthemum requiring opened the same day was received the same day, after overnight, the quality of snow chrysanthemum declines.Snow chrysanthemum blooming cycle is long, until early frost arrives, just stops plucking.Airing or oven dry on the bedstead gauze of lower airway after the harvesting of snow chrysanthemum, can not be exposed to the sun in the sun, in order to avoid the quality of impact snow chrysanthemum.The snow chrysanthemum that airing is good loads sealed storage in carton, keeps away from moisture and affects quality.Timely processing or sale.
The picking time of snow chrysanthemum is generally in July-October, adopt transplanting hole tray seedling technology of the present invention, in contrast to land for growing field crops and directly sow cultivation, can make shift to an earlier date more than 15 days the picking time of snow chrysanthemum, make correspondingly extend more than 15 days breeding time, per mu yield brings up to more than 40 kilograms by 35 kilograms, and on average every mu of seed consumption is reduced to 200g by 1000g, and what cultivation was directly sowed in the snow quality of chrysanthemum and land for growing field crops does not have difference.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. avenge a chrysanthemum transplanting hole tray seedling method, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) seedling-cultivating tray and plug media is prepared: mix, the peat composed of rotten mosses and vermiculite as seedling-cultivating tray and plug media according to mass ratio 3:1;
(2) sow: mid-February-mid-March, load matrix after being sterilized by seedling-cultivating tray, after the seed after immersion is mixed with fine sand, broadcast sowing in stromal surface, then lid layer vermiculite, after planting sprinkle water, finally use film cover on seedling-cultivating tray; Seedling-cultivating tray after planting puts into greenhouse, keeps uniform temperature humidity; When seedling starts to emerge, notice that ventilation is sheltered from heat or light, suitably reduce temperature and humidity and prevent excessive growth, timely thinning also weeds out the rank grass; After having 80% come up, can film be opened, after this need water every day;
(3) seedling is divided: grow to 4-6 sheet true leaf time-division seedling after snow chrysanthemum emerges and coil continuation cultivation to cave; During cultivation, keep temperature to be no more than 25 DEG C daytime, be not less than 10 DEG C evening, according to the humidity condition of matrix, within 3-5 days, water 1 time;
(4) field planting: carry out transplant planting when seedling grows to 7-9 sheet true leaf, fertilising before field planting;
(5) field management;
(6) gather.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: keep described in step (2) uniform temperature humidity refer to the substrate temperature of seedling-cultivating tray more than 12 DEG C, temperature 20-25 DEG C, 2 days water spray 1 time, make water content of substrate remain on about 85%.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: fertilising described in step (4) executes decomposed manure 2-3 ton for every mu of ground, composite fertilizer 20-30kg.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in step (5), field management is: intertill and clean tillage 3-4 time after transplanting, and first time is slightly dark, and intertillage is slightly shallow later; Snow chrysanthemum needs water less early stage, needs water to increase, according to soil water-containing situation, should water in time, avoid arid phenomenon to occur along with seedling grows up.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN105409503A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-03-23 | 江苏恒诺园林建设有限公司 | Method for prolonging flowering phase of rosa chinensis |
| CN105746224A (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2016-07-13 | 山东省林木种质资源中心 | Greenhouse seedling cultivating method for kalopanax septemlobus seeds |
| CN106258399A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-04 | 宁夏大学 | A kind of Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. transplanting hole tray seedling method |
| CN106305054A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-01-11 | 李国强 | High-yield and high-quality culture method of Kunlun snow daisy in Nanjing area |
| CN107853120A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-30 | 安徽国丰农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of sowing implantation methods for lifting Plain snow chrysanthemum medical value |
| CN108471714A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2018-08-31 | 富兰帝欧公司 | Plant cultivation culture medium generation external member, plant cultivation culture medium generation method and the regeneration method using the plant cultivation culture medium finished |
| CN110896800A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-24 | 南宁市农业科学研究所 | Seed collection time control method for emilia sonchifolia planting |
| CN111742808A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-10-09 | 华润三九医药股份有限公司 | Wild chrysanthemum plug seedling method and mechanical transplanting method of wild chrysanthemum seedlings |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105409503A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-03-23 | 江苏恒诺园林建设有限公司 | Method for prolonging flowering phase of rosa chinensis |
| CN108471714A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2018-08-31 | 富兰帝欧公司 | Plant cultivation culture medium generation external member, plant cultivation culture medium generation method and the regeneration method using the plant cultivation culture medium finished |
| CN105746224A (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2016-07-13 | 山东省林木种质资源中心 | Greenhouse seedling cultivating method for kalopanax septemlobus seeds |
| CN105746224B (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2019-02-05 | 山东省林木种质资源中心 | A kind of kalopanax septemlobus seed is nursed young plants in hothouses method |
| CN106258399A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-04 | 宁夏大学 | A kind of Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. transplanting hole tray seedling method |
| CN106305054A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-01-11 | 李国强 | High-yield and high-quality culture method of Kunlun snow daisy in Nanjing area |
| CN107853120A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-30 | 安徽国丰农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of sowing implantation methods for lifting Plain snow chrysanthemum medical value |
| CN110896800A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-24 | 南宁市农业科学研究所 | Seed collection time control method for emilia sonchifolia planting |
| CN110896800B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-12-31 | 南宁市农业科学研究所 | Seed collection time control method for emilia sonchifolia planting |
| CN111742808A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-10-09 | 华润三九医药股份有限公司 | Wild chrysanthemum plug seedling method and mechanical transplanting method of wild chrysanthemum seedlings |
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