CN106977387A - 含有马鞭草烯酮衍生物的神经退行性疾病治疗或者预防用药物组合物 - Google Patents
含有马鞭草烯酮衍生物的神经退行性疾病治疗或者预防用药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种作为有效成分含有马鞭草烯酮衍生物及其药学上可接受的盐的神经退行性疾病治疗用药物组合物和保健功能食品,更具体地说,本发明的马鞭草烯酮衍生物可减少神经细胞凋亡以及氧化应激,并且对于大鼠的缺血性脑损伤以及炎症细胞的迁移的抑制能力显著,由此,提供一种对神经退行性疾病治疗有用的药物组合物和保健功能食品。
Description
本申请是申请日为2013年06月04日、申请号为201380041609.7、发明名称为“含有马鞭草烯酮衍生物的神经退行性疾病治疗或者预防用药物组合物”的申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种马鞭草烯酮衍生物的新用途,即治疗神经退行性疾病的用途,更具体地说,涉及一种神经退行性疾病的预防或者治疗用药物组合物以及利用上述组合物的神经退行性疾病的预防或者治疗方法,上述药物组合物含有具有兴奋细胞毒性引起的神经细胞凋亡抑制活性、氧化应激(oxidative stress)抑制活性以及血管内炎症细胞(巨噬细胞(macrophages)和嗜中性粒细胞(neutrophil))等细胞向脑损伤部位迁移(移动、迁移(migration)或者渗入(infiltration))的抑制活性的马鞭草烯酮衍生物或者及其盐。
背景技术
神经退行性疾病(degenerative brain disease)是一种脑神经细胞无法发挥自身功能而引发的衰老相关疾病,随着老龄化人口的急剧增加,社会对神经退行性疾病的关注不断增加。神经退行性疾病基于临床上表现的主要症状和被侵袭的脑部位进行分类,包括:阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease),帕金森病(Parkinson's disease)、亨廷顿氏舞蹈症(Huntington's disease)、多发性硬化症以及肌萎缩侧索硬化症(amyotrophiclateral sclerosis)等。
已知神经退行性疾病的引发原因有:对于脑神经系统的信息传达非常重要的脑神经细胞的凋亡、传达脑神经细胞和脑神经细胞之间信息的突触的形成或功能上的问题、脑神经的电活动的异常症状或减少等,但神经退行性疾病仍处于难以根源性治疗且病因尚不明确的状态。
最近,细胞分子学技术水平的提高使得神经退行性疾病的致病研究以及治疗剂开发活跃,并基于如下多种机理开发研究神经退行性疾病治疗剂:①胆碱作用的抑制、②NMDA(N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸:N-methyl-D-aspartate)受体拮抗机理、③β-淀粉样蛋白(β-amyloid)或者Tau蛋白代谢过程的分子-细胞生物学研究,β-淀粉样蛋白(β-amyloid)的致病蛋白质为抗原的疫苗开发和治疗抗体开发、④神经营养因子(neurotrophic factor)的表达诱导、⑤能够抑制致病蛋白质引发的神经细胞的氧化性损伤的抗氧化剂开发、以及⑥能够抑制炎症细胞的过度引入以及活性引发的炎症反应的抗炎剂开发等(Sonkusare etal.,Pharmacological Research,51(1),1-17,2005;Stanaione et al.,Ann 1st SuperSanita,47(1),49-54,2011;Halperin et al.,Neurotherapeutics,6(1),128-140,2009)。
作为胆碱作用的抑制剂的AChE抑制剂,通过抑制Ach的分解使得胆碱性神经传递物质的活性恢复,目前他克林(tarcrien)、多奈哌齐(donepezil)、利凡斯的明(rivastig分钟e)、加兰他敏(galanthamine)已得到FDA认可而处于市售中。
已确认氧化应激是阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿氏舞蹈症等的中枢神经系统的神经退行性疾病的重要因素(Jin DQ et al,Biochemical and Biophysical ResearchCommunications,331,1264-1269,2005;Lim CS et al,Biological and PharmaceuticalBulletin,29,1212-1216,2006)。
2007年时,全世界有2500万名缺血性血管疾病患者(心肌梗死、脑中风、血栓症),预计2017年时增加至2800万名(DataMonitor公司,2007),大部分的OECD成员国中缺血性血管疾病(每10万名有226.6名,2004年)导致的死亡人数最多,癌疾病(165.6名)处于其次。脑中风分为以脑血管破裂引起的脑组织损伤为特征的出血性脑中风和供给于脑的血流流动被阻断而诱发脑梗死的缺血性脑中风。脑中风是与癌症争夺每年国内死亡原因中第一、第二位的发病率非常高的疾病(统计厅2002至2008年的资料),脑中风导致的国内死亡率已达到了OECD国家中的第二位。据2008年美国心脏协会(AHA)的报告,其为了治疗和控制缺血性血管疾病每年对脑中风支出了655亿美元的巨大费用,但实际情况是,脑中风治疗剂市场仅占居13亿美元。若几年内已证实效果的脑中风治疗药物上市,其将具有220亿美元以上的潜在的市场价值,因此,正积极地研究开发缺血性脑中风治疗剂。
在韩国,脑中风作为单一疾病占据死亡原因的第一位,相比于美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等先进国家显示出高的排名。脑中风导致运动、感觉功能的损伤以及记忆、学习、运算、推理等高层次功能的阻碍,从而会破坏生活质量,直至患者死亡对患者本人和家属带来很大的精神上、身体上的痛苦,并且,对于现代社会的老龄化趋势带来的老龄人口急速增加的最近状况而言,脑中风的发生和脑中风发生后生存期间的增加成为了社会性大问题。因此,需要开发出用于脑中风的症状减轻药物以及治疗药物。
但是,如上所述,尽管脑中风治疗存在临床重要性以及市场潜在价值等,但是,对于脑中风的治疗剂开发仍处于较弱水平,实际情况是,临床上许可的脑中风的治疗剂除了组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(tissue plasminogen activator:t-PA)以外没有其它治疗剂。脑中风由各种原因引发,包括脑梗死、脑出血、蛛网膜下出血等的致病原因各不相同的各种疾病。另外,脑中风由动脉硬化、脑淀粉样血管病、动脉夹层等各种脑血管疾病引发,心律失常或冠状动脉疾病引起的心源性栓塞症也会引发脑中风。虽然原因有多种,但是,在细胞生物学上认为是血液供给的降低以及其诱发的细胞凋亡等的相同机理,因此,作为开发脑中风的预防、调整以及治疗方法的基础的核心技术,在于理解缺血引起的脑细胞的凋亡机理。
为了防止脑疾病,国内外诸多研究者一直努力对这样的神经细胞的凋亡机理进行研究。脑中风的情况下,至今为止还没有开发出疗效显著的治疗剂,对于临床上使用的用于溶解脑血管中生成的血栓的唯一治疗剂即t-PA,很多临床医生担心其引发的脑出血等副作而用对其慎用。至今为止,很多研究者试图将针对兴奋性神经传递物质的谷氨酸受体的拮抗剂或抗氧化剂开发为缺血性脑中风治疗剂,但是,由于药效微弱或药物的毒性,全部以失败告终。
通常,患者发作脑中风之后到达医院急救室为止需要花费几小时,脑中风发作后几分种至几小时之内,过度的谷氨酸的游离引起的兴奋性神经毒性对神经细胞产生一次损伤,随着时间推移,露出在氧以及氮自由基的过度生成环境中,由此会受到二次损伤。经过几十小时之后,因炎症反应带来持续且严重的损伤,由此,事实上难以使用兴奋性神经毒性阻断物质,其使用临床上来说没有意义。
如上述所述,脑中风并不是单一原因造成的疾病,其是基于各种细胞凋亡的途径和机理而引发脑损伤的疾病。最近,试图通过使用具有相互不同机理的药物的复合处方来获得脑中风治疗的协同作用。例如,将阿司匹林和双嘧达莫(dipyridamole)同时给药时,相比于单独给药阿司匹林,能够使脑中风治疗的预后(prognosis)更好(Chatuvedi S.,ClinTherap,30(7),1196-205,2008),另外,17β-雌二醇(17β-Estradiol)和tPA的复合处方中,17β-雌二醇(17β-Estradiol)减少tPA给药引起的尿激酶(urokinase)、MMP2以及MMP9的表达增加产生的脑出血的副作用,由此在缺血性脑中风患者中显示出延长治疗时间段的效果(Liu R.et al.,J Pharmacol Exp Ther,332(3),1006-12,2010)。作为NMDA受体阻断物质的美金刚(Memantine)和作为β肾上腺素β2(beta 2)受体激动剂的克伦特罗(Clenbuterol)的复合给药在永久性局部缺血模型中显示出抑制缺血性脑损伤的协同效果(Culmsee C.etal.,Stroke,35(5),1197-202,2004),另外,美金刚(memantine)和作为钙离子阻断物质的托吡酯(Topiramate)的复合给药在新生大鼠中协同抑制低氧血症引发的脑损伤(Lie C.etal.,Brain Res,1282,173-82,2009)。但是,这些研究结果大部分是以缓和症状为目的,并未获得基于脑组织保护机理的协同效果。
为了理解缺血引起的脑组织的损伤并开发用于抑制其的药物,需要理解缺血后脑组织的损伤机理和途径。通常,缺血后脑细胞的损伤或凋亡由各种原因引起。例如,兴奋细胞毒性(excitotoxicity)、周边埂塞去极化(peri-infract depolarization)、氧化应激以及炎症等与缺血引起的脑损伤发作相关联(Dirnagl et al.,Trends Neurosci.,22,391-397,1999)。因此,需要理解缺血性脑损伤的复杂因素的各种状态及临时状态(例如,发病以及疾病程度),并需要适当阻断病理生理学上的瀑布(cascade)。
兴奋性细胞毒性引起的神经细胞凋亡可由谷氨酸受体拮抗剂抑制,谷氨酸起到作用的离子性受体是AMPA(α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基异恶唑-4-丙酸:α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-iso-xazolepropionic acid)、卡因酸(kainate)、NMDA(N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸:N-methyl-D-aspartate)的受体,特别是,针对细胞凋亡的NMDA受体活性研究较多(Standridge J.B.,Clin.Ther.,26(5),615-630,2004)。但是,相比于这些努力,NMDA受体阻断剂的药效微弱或有毒性,由此没有在临床试验上成功的例子。作为NMDA受体阻断剂的MK-801显著减少了缺血性脑损伤,但具有治疗时间窗(therapeutic time window)很短的大缺点,只有在大鼠以及沙土鼠(gerbils)中诱发的局部性缺血症发病之后的一小时之内施用MK-801时才会显示出保护神经细胞的效果(Margaill et al.,J Cereb Blood FlowMetab,16,107-113,1996;Hatfield RH et al.,Eur J Pharmacol,216,1-7,1992)。另外,虽然MK-801在缺血症发作之后延迟了神经细胞凋亡,但是,并未改善治疗数周后神经恢复或者最终存活率(Valtysson J.et al.,Acta Neurochir(Wien),129,58-63,1994;VonLubitz DK et al.,Eur J Pharmacol,233,95-100,1993)。作为兴奋性神经传递物质的谷氨酸的受体之中,与NMDA受体一起同时存在AMPA受体,针对该AMPA受体的拮抗剂在MCAO 28天之后也没有显示出神经功能缺损的显著保护效果(Colbourne F et al.,Stroke,30,662-668,1999)。NMDA或者AMPA受体拮抗剂等的短治疗范围以及短期治疗效果意味着这些受体仅在初期缺血症瀑布中起到短暂性作用,而不受拮抗剂影响的其它的病理生理过程被视为对后续脑缺血损伤带来影响。
与其它的各种退行性疾病相同,缺血性脑中风中氧化应激对细胞凋亡和功能丧失带来很大影响。由此,对利用抗氧化剂的缺血性脑中风治疗效果进行了积极的研究(SalamaM.et al.,Co-Enzyme Q10 to Treat Neurological Disorders:Basic Mechanisms,Clinical Outcomes,and Future Research Direction.CNS Neurol Disord DrugTargets.2013;Rodrigo R.et al.,Oxidative Stress and Pathophysiology ofIschemic Stroke:Novel Therapeutic Opportunities.CNS Neurol Disord DrugTargets.2013)。在日本,作为脑中风治疗剂市售的有以抗氧化效果为主机理的依达拉奉(Edaravone)(Firuzi O et al.,Curr Med Chem.,18(25),3871-88,2011;Yoshida H.etal.,CNS Drug Rev.,12(1),9-20.2006)。
缺血后兴奋性细胞毒性开始发作,经过几小时后,在脑损伤部位中开始引起炎症反应,其持续数日~数周使得脑损伤更加恶化。由此,最近试图利用抗炎剂来治疗缺血性脑中风(Price CJ et al.,J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry,74,1476-1484,2003;SalamaM,Co-Enzyme Q10 to Treat Neurological Disorders:Basic Mechanisms,ClinicalOutcomes,and Future Research Direction.CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets.2013;Rodrigo R.et al.,Oxidative Stress and Pathophysiology of Ischemic Stroke:Novel Therapeutic Opportunities.CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets.2013)。另外,最近有报告称,由血管流入的炎症细胞在缺血性脑中风中对脑损伤增大起到主要作用(KangGHet al.,J Neurol Sci.,15,318(1-2),25-30,2012;Choi IY et al.,Am J Pathol,179(4),2042-52,2012;Choi YK et al.,Free Radic Res.,44(8),925-35,2010;Choi IY etal.,Free Radic Res.,44(5),541-51,2010;Lee JC et al.,Glia,50(2),168-81,2005)。另外,还有报告称,大麻素(cannabinoid)B2受体介导抗炎症反应抑制缺血性脑组织的损伤(Choi IY et al.,Am J Pathol,182(3),928-39,2013)。
由此,可认为,为了脑中风的完全治疗,必须开发出具有各种细胞保护作用的药物。为了达到这样的目的,即,为了开发具有各种细胞保护机理的物质(多向治疗药物:pleiotrophic therapeutic drug),本发明人开发了(1S)-(-)-马鞭草烯酮(verbenone)的衍生物。(1S)-(-)-马鞭草烯酮(verbenone)是,通过小蠹虫(bark beetles)从寄主树树脂前体即a-蒎烯(pinene)生成出的天然抗-聚集信息素(anti-aggregation pheromone)。有报告称,含有(1S)-(-)-马鞭草烯酮的精油显示出抗菌作用、驱虫作用等生理活性(Bernarde WA,Z Naturforsch C,65,588-93,2010;Martinez-Velazquez M.,J MedEntomol,48,822-827,2011)。另外,WO2000/63159公开了马鞭草烯酮[(1S,5S)-4,6,6-三甲基二环[3.3.3]庚-3-烯-2-酮:(1S,5S)-4,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.3.3]hept-3-en-2one)]及其衍生物具有气道的抗炎症效果。
但是,上述文献的任意一处都没有公开或启示马鞭草烯酮衍生物的神经细胞凋亡降低效果、氧化应激降低效果、缺血性脑损伤抑制效果以及炎症细胞迁移抑制效果。
为此,本发明人等为了确认马鞭草烯酮衍生物对神经细胞凋亡降低、氧化应激降低、缺血性脑损伤(ischemic brain damage)以及炎症反应起到作用的效果,使用低氧性-缺血性大鼠模型测定了NMDA-诱导兴奋细胞毒性以及细胞死亡,并实施针对抗氧化活性的试验,由此最先确认到马鞭草烯酮衍生物具有神经退行性疾病治疗效果的事实。更加具体地说,本发明的马鞭草烯酮衍生物使神经细胞凋亡(neuronal cell death)以及氧化应激降低,并且实施体内(in vivo)试验的结果,确认到其显示出了优异的针对缺血性脑损伤以及炎症反应的抑制效果,以此完成了本发明。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,提供一种具有神经退行性疾病的预防以及治疗效果的马鞭草烯酮衍生物的新用途。
为了达成上述目的,本发明提供一种作为有效成分含有具有化学式1的结构的马鞭草烯酮衍生物或者其药学上可接受的盐的用于预防或治疗神经退行性疾病的药物组合物。
化学式1
所述式中,R1、R2、R3、R4以及R5分别独立地表示选自于由氢原子、卤素原子、羟基、C1~C3烷基、C1~C3烷氧基、氨基、C1~C3烷基胺基、C1~C3烷基二胺基、C5~C8芳香环、C5~C8循环环(cyclic ring)以及C5~C8杂芳环(heteroaromatic ring)所组成的组中的一个以上的取代基,所述卤素原子选自F、Cl、Br和I中,
X、Y以及Z分别独立地表示碳原子或者选自于由N、O或S原子所组成的组中的一个以上的杂原子。
是指双键或者单键。
本发明的特征在于,上述马鞭草烯酮衍生物能够减少神经细胞凋亡以及氧化应激,抑制缺血性脑损伤并且抑制炎症细胞的迁移。
本发明的特征在于,上述神经退行性疾病包括脑中风、瘫痪、痴呆、阿尔茨海默疾病、帕金森疾病或者亨廷顿氏舞蹈疾病,具体包括脑中风、血管性痴呆以及阿尔茨海默痴呆,优选包括脑中风,更加优选包括缺血性脑中风疾病。
本发明的特征在于,上述组合物还包括通常用于药物组合物的制造中的适宜的载体、赋形剂或者稀释剂。
本发明的特征在于,上述组合物可以与选自于钙通道阻断剂、抗氧化剂、谷氨酸拮抗剂、抗凝剂、抗高血压剂、抗血栓剂、抗组胺剂、消炎镇痛剂、消癌剂以及抗生素所组成的组中的一个以上的药剂同时制剂化使用或联合使用。
本发明提供一种具有化学式1的结构的马鞭草烯酮衍生物或者其药学上可接受的盐在预防或治疗神经退行性疾病中的用途。
本发明提供一种神经退行性疾病的预防或治疗方法,其利用具有化学式1的结构的马鞭草烯酮衍生物或者其药学上可接受的盐。
本发明提供一种神经退行性疾病的预防或治疗方法,其包括对所需对象处理(给药)具有化学式1的结构的马鞭草烯酮衍生物或者其药学上可接受的盐的步骤。
本发明还提供一种用于预防或者改善神经退行性疾病的功能性食品,其作为有效成分含有具有化学式1的结构的马鞭草烯酮衍生物。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明的化合物衍生物对大鼠皮层神经细胞的保护作用的图。
图2是表示本发明的化合物衍生物对NMDA-诱导兴奋毒性的效果的图。
图3是表示本发明的化合物衍生物抑制细胞内氧化应激的效果的图。
图4是表示本发明的化合物衍生物降低活体内局部脑缺血症模型中的缺血性损伤、脑水肿以及神经功能缺损的效果的图。
图5是表示本发明的化合物衍生物在活体内局部脑缺血症模型中的缺血性损伤脑组织中提高抗氧化活性的效果的图。
图6是表示本发明的化合物衍生物在活体内局部脑缺血症模型中抑制炎症细胞向缺血性损伤脑组织迁移以及侵袭的效果的图。
图7是表示本发明的化合物衍生物在体内局部脑缺血症模型中的缺血性损伤脑组织中抑制细胞因子(cytokine)表达的效果的图。
图8是表示本发明的化合物衍生物在体内局部脑缺血症模型中的缺血性损伤脑组织周边中抑制血-脑屏障通透性增加的效果的图。
图9是表示本发明的化合物衍生物在体内局部脑缺血症模型中提高受到缺血性损伤的老鼠的长期存活率以及神经功能缺损恢复率的效果的图。
图10是表示本发明的化合物衍生物未使体内出血性脑中风模型中的自体血液诱导的血肿显著提高的图。
具体实施方式
一实施方式中,本发明涉及一种具有化学式1的结构的马鞭草烯酮衍生物的新用途,
化学式1
所述式中,R1、R2、R3、R4和R5分别独立地表示选自于由氢原子、卤素原子、羟基、C1~C3低级烷基、C1~C3低级烷氧基、氨基、C1~C3低级烷基胺基、C1~C3低级烷基二胺基、C5~C8芳香环、C5~C8循环环(cyclic ring)以及C5~C8杂芳环所组成的组中的一个以上的取代基,所述卤素原子选自F、Cl、Br和I中,
X、Y以及Z分别独立地表示碳原子、或者选自于由N、O和S原子所组成的组中的一个以上的杂原子。
是指双键或者单键。
属于上述化学式1的化合物组中,优选R1、R2、R3、R4和R5分别独立地表示选自于由氢原子、卤素原子、羟基、甲基、乙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、氨基、C5~C6芳香环、C5~C6循环环以及C5~C6的杂芳环所组成的组中的一个以上的取代基;更加优选选自于由氢原子、卤素原子、羟基、甲基、甲氧基、苯基、吡咯基、吡啶基所组成的组中的一个以上的取代基;上述中,所述卤素原子选自F、Cl、Br和I中,
X、Y以及Z分别独立地表示碳原子、或者选自于由N、O和S原子所组成的组中的一个以上的杂原子;更加优选选自于由碳原子和N原子所组成的组中的一个以上的原子。
属于上述化学式1的化合物组中,最优选的化合物为:
(1S,5R)-4-(4-羟基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3a)((1S,5R)-4-(4-hydroxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(3a));
(1S,5R)-4-(4-羟基-2-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3b)((1S,5R)-4-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(3b));
(1S,5R)-4-(3,4-二羟基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3c)((1S,5R)-4-(3,4-dihydroxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(3c));
(1S,5R)-4-(3-溴-4-羟基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3d)((1S,5R)-4-(3-Bromo-4-hydroxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(3d));
(1S,5R)-4-(4-羟基-2,6-二甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3e)((1S,5R)-4-(4-hydroxy-2,6-dimethoxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(3e));
(1S,5R)-4-(3,4-二羟基-5-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3f)((1S,5R)-4-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(3f));
(1S,5R)-4-(3-羟基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3g)((1S,5R)-4-(3-hydroxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(3g));
(1S,5R)-4-(2-羟基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3h)((1S,5R)-4-(2-hydroxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(3h));
(1S,5R)-4-(2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3i)((1S,5R)-4-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(3i));
(1S,5R)-6,6-二甲基-4-苯乙烯基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4a)((1S,5R)-6,6-dimethyl-4-styryl-bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(4a));
(1S,5R)-4-(4-氟苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4b)((1S,5R)-4-(4-fluorostyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(4b));
(1S,5R)-4-(4-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4c)((1S,5R)-4-(4-methoxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(4c));
(1S,5R)-4-(2-(联苯-4-基)乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4d)((1S,5R)-4-(2-(biphenyl-4-yl)vinyl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(4d));
(1S,5R)-4-(4-(1H-吡咯-1-基)苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4e)((1S,5R)-4-(4-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)styryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(4e));
(1S,5R)-4-(3,4-二甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4f)((1S,5R)-4-(3,4-dimethoxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(4f));
(1S,5R)-4-(3,5-二甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4g)((1S,5R)-4-(3,5-dimethoxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(4g));
(1S,5R)-4-(2,5-二甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4h)((1S,5R)-4-(2,5-dimethoxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(4h));
(1S,5R)-4-(5-溴-2-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4i)((1S,5R)-4-(5-bromo-2-methoxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(4i));
(1S,5R)-6,6-二甲基-4-((E)-2-(吡啶-2-基)乙烯基)二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(5a)((1S,5R)-6,6-dimethyl-4-((E)-2-(pyridin-2-yl)vinyl)-bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(5a));
(1S,5R)-6,6-二甲基-4-((E)-2-(吡啶-3-基)乙烯基)二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(5b)((1S,5R)-6,6-dimethyl-4-((E)-2-(pyridin-3-yl)vinyl)-bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(5b));以及
(1S,5R)-6,6-二甲基-4-((E)-2-(吡啶-4-基)乙烯基)二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(5c)((1S,5R)-6,6-dimethyl-4-((E)-2-(pyridin-4-yl)-vinyl)-bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(5c))。
以上述化学式1表示的本发明的化合物可根据本领域常规的方法制造成药学上可接受的盐以及溶剂化物。
药学上可接受的盐可通过药学上可接受的游离酸(free acid)形成为酸加成盐。酸加成盐通过通常的方法来制造,例如,将化合物溶解于过量的酸水溶液,使用水溶性有机溶剂,例如使用甲醇、乙醇、丙酮或者乙腈使该盐沉淀而制造。加热等摩尔量的化合物以及水中的酸或者醇(例如,乙二醇单甲醚),接着蒸发上述混合物而进行干燥或吸滤所析出的盐。
此时,作为游离酸可以使用有机酸和无机酸,作为无机酸可以使用盐酸、磷酸、硫酸、硝酸或锡酸等,作为有机酸可以使用甲基磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、乙酸、三氟乙酸、柠檬酸、马来酸(maleic acid)、琥珀酸、草酸、苯甲酸、酒石酸、富马酸、扁桃酸、丙酸(propionicacid)、柠檬酸(citric acid)、乳酸(lactic acid)、乙醇酸(glycollic acid)、葡萄糖酸(gluconic acid)、半乳糖醛酸、谷氨酸、戊二酸(glutaric acid)、葡萄糖醛酸(glucuronicacid)、天冬氨酸、抗坏血酸、羧酸、香草酸或氢碘酸等。
另外,可以使用碱来制备药学上可接受的金属盐。碱金属盐或者碱土金属盐是,例如,将化合物溶解于过量的碱金属氢氧化物或者碱土金属氢氧化物溶液中,过滤非(不)溶解化合物盐后蒸发滤液,并加以干燥而获得。此时,作为金属盐,特别是在制药方面上适合制造出钠、钾或者钙盐。另外,相应的银盐是,将碱金属盐或者碱土金属盐与适量的银盐(例如,硝酸银)进行反应而获得。
除另有说明以外,具有上述化学式1的结构的化合物的药学上可接受的盐,包括能够存在于具有化学式1的结构的化合物中的酸性基团或者碱性基团的盐。例如,作为药学上可接受的盐,包括羟基钠盐、羟基钙盐以及羟基钾盐,作为氨基的其它药学上可接受的盐,有氢溴酸盐、硫酸盐、硫酸氢盐、磷酸盐、磷酸氢盐、磷酸二氢盐、醋酸盐、琥珀酸盐、柠檬酸盐、酒石酸盐、乳酸盐、扁桃酸盐、甲烷磺酸盐(甲磺酸盐)以及对甲苯磺酸盐(甲苯磺酸盐),可通过本领域已知的盐的制造方法或制造过程来制造出。
上述化学式1的化合物,可通过本领域公知的合成方法制造,可通过下述的反应式示出的方法化学合成,但并非限定于此。
反应式1
a反应条件:a)KOH,MeOH,60℃,6小时;b)10%HCl,MeOH,室温(rt),24小时
在碱性条件下,使商业上可购买到的(1S)-(-)-马鞭草烯酮(1)与具有羟基-苯乙烯基的苯甲醛衍生物(2a-i)进行缩合反应,之后用酸进行脱保护反应,由此可制造具有烷氧基、溴取代基或者酚类官能团的各种马鞭草烯酮衍生物(3a-i)。
反应式2
a反应条件:a)KOH,MeOH,60℃,6小时
反应式3
a反应条件:a)NaOMe,MeOH,60℃,6小时
作为另一钟衍生物的合成法,对商业上可购买到的(1S)-(-)-马鞭草烯酮(1)实施与上述反应式1类似的方法,从而对具有各钟官能团的衍生物导入苯乙烯基(styryl)而制造出具有芳香环的各种马鞭草烯酮衍生物(4a-i,5a-c)。
本发明中,为了对作为马鞭草烯酮衍生物的新效果的神经退行性疾病治疗效果进行分析,确认了抑制NMDA-诱导兴奋细胞毒性以及细胞内氧化应激、提高抗氧化活性、抑制炎症细胞的迁移和侵袭且抑制细胞因子表达的效果。下述实施例等中对上述确认结果详细说明。
本发明的另一实施方式涉及一种具有化学式1的结构的马鞭草烯酮衍生物或者其药学上可接受的盐在预防或治疗神经退行性疾病中的用途。
本发明涉及一种用于预防或治疗神经退行性疾病的药物组合物,其作为有效成分含有具有化学式1的结构的马鞭草烯酮衍生物或者其药学上可接受的盐,提供一种神经退行性疾病的预防或治疗方法,其利用上述具有化学式1的结构的马鞭草烯酮衍生物或者其药学上可接受的盐。作为一具体例,涉及一种神经退行性疾病的预防或治疗方法,其包括对所需对象处理(给药)上述具有化学式1的结构的马鞭草烯酮衍生物或者其药学上可接受的盐的步骤。其中,上述处理或者给药可通过体内(in vivo)或者体外(in vitro)实施。
本发明中,神经退行性疾病包括脑中风、瘫痪、痴呆、阿尔茨海默疾病(Alzheimer's disease)、帕金森疾病(Parkinson's disease)、亨廷顿氏舞蹈疾病(Huntington'sdisease)、多发性硬化症以及肌萎缩侧索硬化症(amyotrophic lateral sclerosis)等,脑疾病是指,因脑神经系统的信息传达中非常重要的脑神经细胞的凋亡、传递脑神经细胞与脑神经细胞之间信息的突触的形成或功能上的问题、或者脑神经的电活动性的异常症状或减少引发的疾病。
本发明的特征在于,神经退行性疾病优选包括脑中风,更加优选包括缺血性脑中风疾病。
本发明的药物组合物的给药途径包括口腔、静脉内、肌肉内、动脉内、骨髓内、硬膜内、心脏内、透皮、皮下、腹腔内、鼻腔内、胃肠、局部、舌下或者直肠,但并非限定于此。优选口服或者非口服给药。本申请所使用的用语“非口服”包括皮下、皮内、静脉内、肌肉内、关节内、滑膜内、胸骨内、硬膜内、病灶内以及颅内注射或者注入技术。本发明的药物组合物还可以以栓剂的方式给药以便直肠给药。
本发明的药物组合物可制成胶囊、片剂、水悬浮液以及溶液,但并非限定于此,以口服方式接受的任何剂型均可口服给药。口服用片剂时,作为常用的载体,包括乳糖以及玉米淀粉。通常还加入硬脂酸镁等的润滑剂。以胶囊型口服给药时,作为可用的稀释剂,包括乳糖以及干燥的玉米淀粉。口服给药水悬浮液时,活性成分与乳化剂以及助悬剂相配合。必要时,还可以添加甜味剂和/或风味剂和/或着色剂。
本发明的药物组合物可根据各种因素进行各种变化,该因素包括所使用的特定化合物的活性、年龄、体重、一般健康状况、性别、饮食、给药时间、给药途径、排泄率、药物配合以及需要预防或治疗的特定疾病的重症状况。本发明的医药组合物可以制成丸剂、糖衣片、胶囊、液体制剂、凝胶剂、糖浆剂、膏剂(slurry)或悬浮剂。
本发明中,上述药物组合物可以与选自于钙通道阻断剂、抗氧化剂、谷氨酸拮抗剂、抗凝剂、抗高血压剂、抗血栓剂、抗组胺剂、消炎镇痛剂、抗癌剂以及抗生素所组成的组中的一个以上的药剂同时制剂化使用或联合使用。
另一实施方式中,本发明涉及一种神经退行性疾病的预防或治疗方法,其给药用于预防或者治疗神经退行性疾病的药物组合物,该药物组合物作为有效成分含有具有化学式1的结构的马鞭草烯酮衍生物或者其药学上可接受的盐。
由于本发明的药物组合物以及预防或者治疗方法,使用了神经细胞凋亡以及氧化应激降低活性优异、毒性以及副作用少的源于天然的马鞭草烯酮衍生物,因此能够有效利用。
另一实施方式中,本发明涉及一种食品或者食品添加剂,其作为有效成分含有具有神经退行性疾病的预防以及改善效果的、具有化学式1结构的马鞭草烯酮衍生物或者该马鞭草烯酮衍生物的药学上可接受的盐。
本发明的功能性食品可以以药剂、食品以及饮料等各种形式利用以预防炎症。本发明中,作为功能性食品,例如有:各种食品类、糖、巧克力、饮料、口香糖、茶、维生素复合剂、保健补助食品类等,其可以以粉末、颗粒、片剂、胶囊或者饮料的形式使用。
对于本发明的功能性食品中以有效成分含有的马鞭草烯酮衍生物,分析如下记载的生物学机制的结果可知,其神经细胞保护作用、氧化应激抑制以及细胞因子表达抑制活性显著,因此,对于本领域技术人员而言,其用于食品时可显示出显著的效果是显而易见的。
包含本发明的化合物的组合物,根据常用方法,可分别制成散剂、颗粒剂、片剂、胶囊剂、悬浮液、乳剂、糖浆剂、气溶胶等的口服型剂型,外用剂,栓剂以及灭菌注射溶液等形式,作为可包含于其的载体、赋形剂以及稀释剂,可例举:乳糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、山梨醇、甘露醇、木糖醇、赤藓糖醇、麦芽糖醇、淀粉、阿拉伯胶、海藻酸钠、明胶、磷酸钙、硅酸钙、纤维素、甲基纤维素、微晶纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、水、羟基苯甲酸甲酯、丙基羟苯酸酯、硬脂酸镁以及矿物油。制剂化时,可以添加通常使用的填充剂、增量剂、结合剂、润湿剂、崩解剂、表面活性剂等的稀释剂或者赋形剂进行制造。用于口服给药的固体制剂包括片剂、丸剂、散剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂等,这些固体制剂通过在上述化合物中混合至少一个以上的赋形剂,如至少混合面、淀粉、碳酸钙(calcium carbonate)、蔗糖(sucrose)或者乳糖(lactose)、明胶等而制造。另外,除了单纯的赋形剂以外,还可以使用硬脂酸镁、滑石粉等的润滑剂。作为用于口服的液体状制剂,相应的有:悬浮剂、口服液、乳剂、糖浆制剂等,除了常用的单纯稀释剂的水、液体石蜡以外,还可以包含各种赋形剂,例如,润湿剂、甜味剂、芳香剂、保存剂等。用于非口服给药的制剂包括:灭菌水溶液、非水溶液、悬浮剂、乳剂、冻干制剂或栓剂。作为非水溶液、悬浮剂,可以使用丙二醇(propylene glycol)、聚乙二醇、橄榄油等的植物油、油酸乙酯等的可注射的酯等。作为栓剂的基质,可以使用半合成脂肪酸酯(witepsol)、聚乙二醇、吐温(tween)61、可可脂、甘油三月桂酸酯(laurin fat)、甘油明胶等。
本发明的化合物的优选的给药量根据患者的状态和体重、疾病的程度、药物形式、给药途径以及期间而有所不同,本领域技术人员可以适当选择使用。为了优选的效果,化合物一天的给药量为0.01mg/kg~10g/kg,优选为1mg/kg~1g/kg。一天可以给药一次,也可以分成几次给药。因此,无论从任何方面考虑,上述给药量并不限定本发明的范围。
另外,本发明提供一种用于预防和改善神经退行性疾病的保健功能食品,其作为有效成分含有具有化学式1结构的马鞭草烯酮衍生物或者该马鞭草烯酮衍生物的药学上可接受的盐。
另外,在另一实施形态中,本发明提供一种用于预防和改善神经退行性疾病的保健功能食品的用途,所述保健功能食品作为有效成分含有化学式1表示的马鞭草烯酮衍生物或者该马鞭草烯酮衍生物的药学上可接受的盐。
包含本发明的化合物的保健功能食品可以以药剂、食品以及饮料等各种形式利用以预防和改善神经退行性疾病。作为能够添加本发明的化合物的食品,例如有:各种食品类、饮料、口香糖、茶、维生素复合剂、保健补助食品类等,可以以粉末、颗粒、片剂、胶囊或者饮料的形式使用。
能够添加本发明化合物的食品形式,包括糖类的各种食品类、饮料、口香糖、茶、维生素复合剂或者保健补助食品类的食品等。
本发明的化合物能够以预防和改善神经退行性疾病为目的而添加于食品或者饮料中。此时,食品或者饮料中的上述化合物的量通常是,本发明的保健食品组合物的情况下以食品总重量的0.01~15重量%添加,保健饮料组合物的情况下100ml为基准以0.02~10g的比率添加,优选以0.3~1g的比率添加。
本发明的保健饮料组合物,除了作为必须成分以指定的比率含有上述化合物的混合物以外,对于液体成分没有特别的限定,可以与常规的饮料相同地,作为追加成分可含有各种香味剂或者天然碳水化合物等。作为所述的天然碳水化合物的例,可举出:葡萄糖、果糖等单糖;麦芽糖、蔗糖等多糖;糊精、环糊精等常规的糖的,以及木糖醇、山梨糖醇、赤藓糖醇等糖醇。除了上述以外,作为香味剂可以有效利用天然香味剂(索吗甜、甜叶菊化合物(例如,甜菊糖甙A,甘草酸苷等)以及合成香味剂(糖精、阿斯巴甜等)。上述天然碳水化合物的比率通常是,本发明的组合物每100ml含有约1~20g,优选含有约5~12g的比率。
除上述以外,本发明的组合物可以含有各种营养剂、维生素、矿物(电解质)、合成风味剂和天然风味剂等的风味剂、着色剂和增质剂(奶酪、巧克力等)、果胶酸及其盐、褐藻酸及其盐、有机酸、保护型胶体增稠剂,pH调节剂,稳定剂,防腐剂,甘油,乙醇,用于碳酸饮料的碳酸化剂等。除此之外,本发明的组合物可以含有果肉以便制造天然果汁和果汁饮料以及蔬菜饮料。上述成分可以独立地使用或者组合使用。上述添加剂的比率并不重要,但是,通常在本发明的组合物每100重量份中为0~约20重量份的比率范围内选择。
本发明的组合物相对于组合物总重量含有0.01~99重量%的上述化合物。但是,如上所述的组成并不限定于此,可以根据患者的状态、疾病种类以及疾病程度进行变化。
包含本发明化合物的组合物还可以包含药物组合物的制造中通常使用的适宜的载体、赋形剂以及稀释剂。
下面,通过实施例更详细地说明本发明。但这些实施例仅用于更加详细说明本发明,本发明的范围并不限定于这些实施例,其对于本领域技术人员来说显而易见。
实施例1:马鞭草烯酮衍生物的制造方法
试剂以及仪器
购买市售的试剂级(1S)-(-)-马鞭草烯酮(verbenone)、乙醛(aldehydes)、氯甲基甲醚(methylchloromethylether;MOM-Cl)、二异丙基乙胺(diisopropylethylamine;DIPEA)、氢氧化钾(potassiumhydroxide;KOH),以及甲醇钠(sodium methoxide;NaOCH3),所购买的试剂以及溶剂均为高纯度,除了用氢氧化钙蒸馏的二氯甲烷以外,其余未经追加的提纯过程而直接使用。除另有说明以外,在真空处理的干燥玻璃容器(vacuum-flamedried glassware)中,干燥氮环境下进行反应。薄层色谱法(Thin-layer chromatography;TLC)使用可用UV识别的硅胶(Merck硅胶(silica gel)60F254),柱色谱使用硅胶(E.Merck硅胶(silica gel),70-230,230-400目(mesh))。1H-NMR谱以及13C-NMR谱是,使用仪器(Varian公司)在500MHz下进行测定。化学位移(Chemical shift)是以ppm记录从作为内标试剂(CDCl3:d7.26ppm)使用的TMS(四甲基硅烷:tetramethysilane)的位移(chemical shiftswere reported in ppm from tetramethysilane(TMS)as an internal standard(CDCl3:d 7.26ppm)),并以赫兹(hertz)为单位记录耦合常数(coupling constant)。多重度(Multiplicity)使用了如下的简称:单峰-singlet(s)、双峰-doublet(d)、双二重峰-doublet of doublet(dd)、双双二重峰-doublet of doublet of doublet(ddd)、三重峰-triplet(t)、三二重峰-triplet of doublet(td)、双三重峰-doublet of triplet(dt)、四重峰-quartet(q)、多重峰-multiplet(m)以及宽峰-broad(br)。高分辨质谱(High-resolutionmassspectra;HRMS)是用仪器(WatersQ-TOF微型质谱仪(micro massspectrometer))记录,旋光度(Optical rotation)是用仪器(JASCO旋光计模式(polarimeter mode)lP-2000)在589nm下进行测定。所有化合物的纯度是,用下述条件的反相(reverse-phase)HPLC进行测定,其纯度是>95%。方法1(溶剂A(Solvent A):水(water),溶剂B(Solvent B):乙腈(acetonitrile))-流速:0.2ml/分钟:20分钟内90%B(90%of Bin 20min);方法2(溶剂A(Solvent A):水(water),溶剂B(Solvent B):乙腈(acetonitrile))流速:1.0ml/分钟:40分钟内从40%的B至100%(From 40%of B to100%in 40min)。胎牛血清(Fetal bovine serum;FBS)是从公司(Hyclone公司,Logan,UT)购买而使用,培养液(培养基:neurobasal medium,NBM)以及补充剂(B27supplement)是从公司(Invitrogen公司,Carlsbad,CA)购买而使用。所有化学物质以及试剂是从公司(SigmaAldrich公司,St.Louis,MO)购买而使用。
实施例1-1.(1S,5R)-4-(4-(甲氧基甲氧基)苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(2a)化合物的制造
为了通过羟醛缩合反应(aldol condensation)从(1S)-(-)-马鞭草烯酮(verbenone)获得二烯烃(diene),将(1S)-(-)-马鞭草烯酮(verbenone 1200mg,1.33mmol)在4-(甲氧基甲氧基)苯甲醛(4-(methoxymethoxy)benzaldehyde)(332mg,2.00mMol)和MeOH(7mL)中进行搅拌,并用KOH(149mg,2.66mMol)进行处理。在60℃温度条件下将反应混合物搅拌6小时,冷却至室温。添加少量的水,在室温下将混合物放置24小时。减压浓缩上述混合物而获得黄色产物,并用硅胶柱层析进行提纯而获得显示下述物性值的黄色固体状化合物(1S,5R)-4-(4-(甲氧基甲氧基)苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(2a)[(1S,5R)-4-(4-(methoxymethoxy)styryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(2a)],将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(353mg,收率89%)。
mp 88-90℃;
[a]20 D-211.6°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz):d7.45(d,J=8.80Hz,2H),7.04(d,J=8.80Hz,2H),6.81-6.92(m,2H),5.90(s,1H),5.20(s,2H),3.48(s,3H),3.03-3.17(m,1H),2.91(dt,J=9.48,5.53Hz,1H),2.72(t,J=5.62Hz,1H),2.12(d,J=9.29Hz,1H),1.58(s,3H),1.01(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d 204.25,164.57,158.00,134.51,129.75,128.73,125.62,121.83,116.44,94.171,58.09,56.09,52.78,43.59,39.98,26.72,22.10
HRMS:计算值C17H18O2(M-H)253.1229,测定值253.1221
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)100.0%(tR=3.67分钟)。
实施例1-2.(1S,5R)-4-(3-甲氧基-4,5-双(甲氧基甲氧基)苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(2f)化合物的制造
采用与2a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的(1S,5R)-4-(3-甲氧基-4,5-双(甲氧基甲氧基)苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(2f)[(1S,5R)-4-(3-methoxy-4,5-bis(methoxymethoxy)styryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(2f)],将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率90%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz);d6.94(d,J=1.96Hz,1H),6.84(s,2H),6.78(d,J=1.71Hz,1H),5.92(s,1H),5.22(s,2H),5.15(s,2H),3.89(s,3H),3.60(s,3H),3.52(s,3H),3.09(t,J=5.75Hz,1H),2.90(dt,J=9.48,5.53Hz,1H),2.72(td,J=5.75,1.47Hz,1H),2.10(d,J=9.29Hz,1H),1.57(s,3H),1.00(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d203.92,164.02,153.63,151.19,136.64,134.76,132.10,126.91,122.43,108.91,104.88,98.37,95.33,58.19,57.11,56.07,52.70,43.78,39.93,26.70,22.11.
实施例1-3.(1S,5R)-4-(4-羟基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3a)化合物的制造
为了通过羟醛缩合反应(aldolcondensation)从(1S)-(-)-马鞭草烯酮(verbenone)获得二烯烃(diene),在MeOH(3mL)中搅拌2a化合物(200mg,0.67mmol)的溶液中,滴加10%HCl,将反应混合物放置一夜直至反应结束。添加饱和NaHCO3,用乙酸乙酯提取上述反应混合物,并用无水MgSO4进行干燥。用柱层析提纯分离最终化合物,由此获得显示下述物性值的黄色固体状化合物(1S,5R)-4-(4-羟基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3a).[(1S,5R)-4-(4-hydroxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(3a).],将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(162mg,收率95%)。
mp 88-90℃.
[a]20 D-211.6°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz);d7.40(d,J=8.56Hz,2H),6.78-6.92(m,4H),6.45(br.s.,1H),5.91(s,1H),3.12(t,J=5.75Hz,1H),2.88-2.95(m,1H),2.74(t,J=5.62Hz,1H),2.13(d,J=9.29Hz,1H),1.58(s,3H),1.02(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d205.14,165.56,157.32,135.24,129.13,128.51,124.89,121.29,116.00,58.10,53.22,43.86,40.23,26.79,22.15;
HRMS计算值C17H18O2(M-H)253.1229,测定值253.1221;
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)100.0%(tR=3.67分钟)。
实施例1-4.(1S,5R)-4-(4-羟基-2-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3b)化合物的制造;
采用与3a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色固体状化合物(1S,5R)-4-(4-羟基-2-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3b)[(1S,5R)-4-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(3b)],将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率97%)。
mp 78-80℃;
[a]20 D-140.0°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz);d7.45(d,J=8.07Hz,1H),7.24(d,J=16.63Hz,1H),6.88(d,J=16.38Hz,1H),6.42-6.48(m,2H),5.88(s,1H),3.86(s,3H)5.64(br.s.,1H),3.16(t,J=5.75Hz,1H),2.91(dt,J=9.35,5.59Hz,1H),2.72(td,J=5.60Hz,1H),2.12(d,J=9.29Hz,1H),1.58(s,3H),1.02(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d 205.53,166.76,159.17,158.94,130.48,128.48,124.75,120.62,117.50,108.19,99.19,58.10,55.53,53.25,43.87,40.33,26.80,22.16;
HRMS计算值C18H20O3(M+H)285.1491,测定值285.1480;
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)99.4%(tR=3.80分钟)。
实施例1-5.(1S,5R)-4-(3,4-二羟基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3c)化合物的制造;
采用与3a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色固体状化合物(1S,5R)-4-(3,4-二羟基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3c)[(1S,5R)-4-(3,4-dihydroxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(3c)],将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率84%)。
mp 68-70℃;
[a]20 D-208.6°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz);d7.13(s,1H),6.70-6.96(m,4H),5.92(s,1H),3.12(t,J=5.50Hz,1H),2.86-2.95(m,1H),2.71-2.81(m,1H),2.14(d,J=9.54Hz,1H),1.58(s,3H),1.00(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d206.39,166.93,146.23,144.51,136.47,128.75,124.62,121.91,120.72,115.38,113.17,60.55,58.04,53.84,44.01,40.55,26.78,22.12;
HRMS计算值C17H18O3(M-H)269.1178,测定值269.1169;
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)100%(tR=3.47分钟)。
实施例1-6.(1S,5R)-4-(3-溴-4-羟基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3d)化合物的制造;
采用与3a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色固体状化合物(1S,5R)-4-(3-溴-4-羟基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3d)[(1S,5R)-4-(3-bromo-4-hydroxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(3d)],将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率95%)。
mp 238-240℃;
[a]20 D-181.4°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CD3OD,500MHz);d7.75(d,J=2.20Hz,1H),7.45(dd,J=1.96,8.56Hz,1H),7.02(d,J=16.50Hz,1H),6.97(d,J=16.50Hz,1H),6.92(d,J=8.56Hz,1H),5.90(s,1H),3.24(t,J=5.99Hz,1H),2.97(td,J=5.59,9.35Hz,1H),2.62(dt,J=1.50,6.00Hz,1H),2.05(d,J=9.54Hz,1H),1.60(s,3H),0.98(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CD3OD,75MHz):d203.02,165.13,155.42,134.47,132.29,129.42,128.79,125.75,121.59,117.11,110.36,58.16,52.33,43.30,26.83,22.43;
HRMS计算值C17H17BrO2(M+H)333.0490,测定值333.0479;
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)98.9%(tR=3.91分钟)。
实施例1-7.(1S,5R)-4-(4-羟基-2,6-二甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3e)化合物的制造;
采用与3a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色固体状化合物(1S,5R)-4-(4-羟基-2,6-二甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3e)[(1S,5R)-4-(4-hydroxy-2,6-dimethoxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(3e)],将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率94%)。
mp 216-218℃;
[a]20 D-175.4°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(DMSO-d6,500MHz);d7.28(d,J=16.50Hz,1H),7.23(d,J=16.50Hz,1H),6.12(s,2H),5.73(s,1H),3.80(s,6H),3.10(t,J=5.38Hz,1H),2.89(td,J=5.50,9.05Hz,1H),2.53(t,J=5.50Hz,1H),1.93(d,J=9.29Hz,1H),1.53(s,3H),0.91(s,3H);
13C-NMR(DMSO-d6,75MHz);d202.56,166.66,160.48,160.27,126.68,126.11,119.22,104.67,92.17,57.50,55.71,55.67,51.67,42.59,26.42,21.96;
HRMS计算值C19H22O4(M+H)315.1596,测定值315.1583;
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)99.3%(tR=3.70分钟)。
实施例1-8.(1S,5R)-4-(3,4-二羟基-5-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3f)化合物的制造
采用与3a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色固体状化合物(1S,5R)-4-(3,4-二羟基-5-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3f)[(1S,5R)-4-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(3f)],将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率92%):
mp 168-170℃;
[a]20 D-158.8000°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz)d6.78-6.82(m,3H),6.64(d,J=1.47Hz,1H),5.82-6.01(m,3H),3.92(s,3H),3.10(t,J=5.62Hz,1H),2.91(dt,J=9.35,5.59Hz,1H),2.74(td,J=5.69,1.59Hz,1H),2.12(d,J=9.29Hz,1H),2.04(s,2H),1.58(s,3H),1.01(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d204.92,165.07,147.23,144.24,135.54,134.13,128.07,125.50,121.62,108.63,58.08,56.25,53.12,43.75,40.18,26.78,22.16;
HRMS计算值C18H20O4(M+H)301.1440,测定值301.1453;
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)100%(tR=3.46分钟)。
实施例1-9.(1S,5R)-4-(3-羟基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3g)化合物的制造;
采用与3a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色固体状化合物(1S,5R)-4-(3-羟基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3g)[(1S,5R)-4-(3-hydroxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(3g)],将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率98%)。
mp 106-108℃;
[a]20 D-176.6°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz);d7.21-7.26(m,1H),7.01-7.05(m,2H),6.92(d,J=16.50Hz,1H),6.88(d,J=16.50Hz,1H),6.83-6.86(m,1H),6.46(s,1H),5.96(s,1H),3.11(t,J=5.75Hz,1H),2.93(td,J=5.53,9.48Hz,1H),2.77(dt,J=1.59,5.69Hz,1H),2.14(d,J=9.29Hz,1H),1.59(s,3H),1.01(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d205.19,165.18,156.53,137.42,135.36,130.03,127.44,122.37,120.19,116.68,113.65,58.17,53.39,43.89,40.28,26.77,22.14;
HRMS计算值C17H18O2(M-H)253.1229,测定值253.1228;
HPLC分析结果:(方法2)99.3%(tR=3.73分钟)。
实施例1-10.(1S,5R)-4-(2-羟基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3h)化合物的制造;
采用与3a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色固体状化合物(1S,5R)-4-(2-羟基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3h)[(1S,5R)-4-(2-hydroxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(3h)],将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率100%)。
mp 140-142℃;
[a]20 D-296.6°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CD3OD,500MHz);d7.56(dd,J=1.59,7.70Hz,1H),7.42(d,J=16.14Hz,1H),7.15(dd,J=1.59,15.53Hz,1H),7.13(d,J=16.38Hz,1H),6.80-6.87(m,2H),5.89(s,1H),3.25(t,J=5.87Hz,1H),2.99(dt,J=5.53,9.48Hz,1H),2.65(td,J=1.71,5.75Hz,1H),2.08(d,J=9.29Hz,1H),1.61(s,3H),1.01(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CD3OD,75MHz);d207.46,169.09,157.56,133.10,131.67,128.67,127.63,124.55,122.03,121.07,117.05,59.62,54.52,45.29,41.45,27.19,22.58;
HRMS计算值C17H18O2(M-H)253.1229,分析值253.1218;
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)99.4%(tR=3.80分钟)。
实施例1-11.(1S,5R)-4-(2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3i)化合物的制造;
采用与3a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色凝胶状化合物(1S,5R)-4-(2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3i)[(1S,5R)-4-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(3i)],将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率96%)。
[a]20 D-91.8°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz);d8.46(br.s.,1H),7.37(d,J=8.56Hz,1H),7.23(d,J=16.50Hz,1H),7.17(d,J=16.00Hz,1H),6.42-6.55(m,2H),6.04(s,1H),3.78(s,3H),3.20(t,J=5.38Hz,1H),2.88-2.98(m,1H),2.76(t,J=5.14Hz,1H),2.17(d,J=9.54Hz,1H),1.59(s,3H),1.05(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d206.56,167.94,161.72,156.99,132.26,130.09,125.37,119.93,116.29,106.90,101.73,57.96,55.28,53.74,43.85,40.60,26.76,22.13;
HRMS计算值C18H20O3(M+H)285.1491,测定值285.1494;
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)99.2%(tR=3.75分钟)。
实施例1-12.(1S,5R)-6,6-二甲基-4-苯乙烯基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4a)化合物的制造;
采用与2a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色凝胶状化合物(1S,5R)-6,6-二甲基-4-苯乙烯基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4a)[(1S,5R)-6,6-dimethyl-4-styrylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(4a)],将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率92%)。
[a]20 D-91.8°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz);d7.50(d,J=7.09Hz,2H),7.35-7.40(m,2H),7.33(d,J=7.34Hz,1H),6.97(d,J=16.00Hz,1H),6.92(d,J=16.00Hz,1H),5.94(s,1H),3.12(td,J=1.47,5.87Hz,1H),2.93(dt,J=5.62,9.54Hz,1H),2.74(td,J=1.71,5.75Hz,1H),2.13(d,J=9.29Hz,1H),1.59(s,3H),1.02(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d204.13,164.23,135.99,134.96,129.15,128.88,127.42,127.35,122.66,58.23,52.87,43.76,40.03,26.78,22.16;
HRMS计算值C17H18O(M+H)239.1436,测定值239.1426;
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)95.0%(tR=4.82分钟)。
实施例1-13.(1S,5R)-4-(4-氟苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4b)化合物的制造;
采用与2a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色凝胶状化合物(1S,5R)-4-(4-氟苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4b),将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率92%)。
[a]20 D-33.2°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz);d7.46-7.51(m,2H),7.04-7.09(m,2H),6.90(d,J=17.00Hz,1H),6.86(d,J=16.50Hz,1H),5.93(s,1H),3.10(td,J=1.35,5.81Hz,1H),2.92(dt,J=5.62,9.29Hz,1H),2.74(td,J=1.71,5.75Hz,1H),2.12(d,J=9.29Hz,1H),1.59(s,3H),1.02(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d204.04,164.03,162.13,133.62,132.21,129.04,127.15,122.61,116.02,58.17,52.83,43.72,39.99,26.73,22.12;
HRMS计算值C17H17FO(M+H)257.1342,测定值257.1343;
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)90.6%(tR=4.52分钟)。
实施例1-14.(1S,5R)-4-(4-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4c)化合物的制造;
采用与2a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色固体状化合物(1S,5R)-4-(4-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4c)[(1S,5R)-4-(4-methoxystyryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(4c)],将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率90%)。
mp 138-140℃;
[a]20 D-172.0°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz);d7.46(d,J=8.80Hz,2H),6.91(d,J=9.05Hz,2H),6.90(d,J=15.90Hz,1H),6.84(d,J=16.50Hz,1H),5.90(s,1H),3.85(s,3H),3.12(td,J=1.35,5.81Hz,1H),2.92(dt,J=5.53,9.48Hz,1H),2.73(td,J=1.71,5.75Hz,1H),2.13(d,J=9.54Hz,1H),1.59(s,3H),1.03(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d204.17,164.63,160.50,134.64,128.83,128.78,125.25,121.66,114.35,58.17,55.34,52.74,43.76,39.99,26.76,22.15;
HRMS计算值C18H20O2(M+H)269.1542,测定值269.1549;
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)100%(tR=4.58分钟)。
实施例1-15.(1S,5R)-4-(2-(联苯-4-基)乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4d)化合物的制造;
采用与2a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色固体状化合物(1S,5R)-4-(2-(联苯-4-基)乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4d)[(1S,5R)-4-(2-(biphenyl-4-yl)vinyl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(4d)],将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率92%)。
mp 148-150℃;
[a]20 D-152.4°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz);d7.55-7.65(m,6H),7.45(t,J=7.58Hz,2H),7.34-7.39(m,1H),7.01(d,J=16.50Hz,1H),6.96(d,J=16.50Hz,1H),5.95(s,1H),3.14(t,J=5.75Hz,1H),2.94(dt,J=5.50,9.54Hz,1H),2.75(t,J=5.62Hz,1H),2.14(d,J=9.29Hz,1H),1.60(s,3H),1.03(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d204.12,164.23,141.86,140.23,134.99,134.50,128.87,127.84,127.69,127.51,127.38,126.94,122.65,58.24,52.86,43.77,40.02,26.79,22.18;
HRMS计算值C23H22O(M+H)315.1749,测定值315.1737;
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)100%(tR=6.35分钟)。
实施例1-16.(1S,5R)-4-(4-(1H-吡咯-1-基)苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4e)化合物的制造;
采用与2a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色固体状化合物(1S,5R)-4-(4-(1H-吡咯-1-基)苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4e)[(1S,5R)-4-(4-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)styryl)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(4e)],将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率41%)。
mp 146-148℃;
[a]20 D-142.4°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz);d7.55(d,J=8.56Hz,2H),7.39(d,J=8.56Hz,2H),7.12(t,J=2.20Hz,2H),6.95(d,J=16.00Hz,1H),6.91(d,J=16.00Hz,1H),6.36(t,J=2.20Hz,2H),5.94(s,1H),3.12(t,J=5.75Hz,1H),2.93(td,J=5.59,9.35Hz,1H),2.74(dt,J=1.71,5.75Hz,1H),2.13(d,J=9.29Hz,1H),1.59(s,3H),1.03(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d203.97,164.03,140.92,133.78,133.21,128.57,127.14,122.61,120.25,118.95,110.94,58.19,25.79,43.72,39.97,26.75,22.14;
HRMS计算值C21H21NO(M+H)304.1701,测定值304.1691;
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)94.7%(tR=5.10分钟)。
实施例1-17.(1S,5R)-4-(3,4-二甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4f)化合物的制造;
采用与2a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色凝胶状化合物(1S,5R)-4-(3,4-二甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4f),将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率92%)。
[a]20 D-111.2°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz);d7.02-7.09(m,2H),6.89(d,J=16.00Hz,1H),6.86(d,J=7.00Hz,1H),6.83(d,J=16.50Hz,1H),5.91(s,1H),3.93(s,3H),3.91(s,3H),3.11(t,J=5.75Hz,1H),2.91(dtd,J=1.47,5.56,9.41Hz,1H),2.72(tt,J=1.74,5.72Hz,1H),2.11(d,J=9.29Hz,1H),1.58(s,3H),1.02(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d204.03,164.46,150.28,149.30,134.89,129.10,125.42,121.75,111.24,109.29,58.19,55.94,52.69,43.82,39.96,26.76,22.15;
HRMS计算值C19H22O3(M+H)299.1647,测定值299.1657;
HPLC分析结果:(方法2)97.9%(tR=9.19分钟)。
实施例1-18.(1S,5R)-4-(3,5-二甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4g)化合物的制造;
采用与2a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色凝胶状化合物(1S,5R)-4-(3,5-二甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4g),将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率90%)。
[a]20 D-94.2°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz);d6.93(d,J=16.00Hz,1H),6.85(d,J=16.00Hz,1H),6.65(d,J=2.20Hz,2H),6.45(t,J=2.20Hz,1H),5.94(s,1H),3.82(s,6H),3.10(t,J=5.75Hz,1H),2.92(dt,J=5.62,9.54Hz,1H),2.74(td,J=1.59,5.69Hz,1H),2.12(d,J=9.29Hz,1H),1.58(s,3H),1.02(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d204.04,163.03,161.03,137.88,134.93,127.83,122.81,105.32,101.51,58.19,55.40,52.82,43.73,39.99,26.73,22.12;
HRMS计算值C19H22O3(M+H)299.1647,测定值299.1662;
HPLC分析方法:(方法1)100%(tR=4.58分钟)。
实施例1-19.(1S,5R)-4-(2,5-二甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4h)化合物的制造;
采用与2a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色凝胶状化合物(1S,5R)-4-(2,5-二甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4h),将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率93%)。
[a]20 D-94.8°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz);d7.29(d,J=16.38Hz,1H),7.11(d,J=2.69Hz,1H),6.95(d,J=16.14Hz,1H),6.81-6.88(m,2H),5.92(s,1H),3.84(s,3H),3.81(s,3H),3.16(dt,J=1.50,6.00Hz,1H),2.91(td,J=5.62,9.29Hz,1H),2.72(dt,J=1.71,5.75Hz,1H),2.11(d,J=9.29Hz,1H),1.58(s,3H),1.02(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d204.16,164.83,153.74,152.04,129.50,127.74,125.62,122.37,115.85,112.34,111.85,58.24,56.13,52.76,43.76,40.03,26.76,22.15;
HRMS计算值C19H22O3(M+H)299.1647,测定值299.1650;
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)96.4%(tR=4.69分钟)。
实施例1-20.(1S,5R)-4-(5-溴-2-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4i)化合物的制造;
采用与2a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色凝胶状化合物(1S,5R)-4-(5-溴-2-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(4i),将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率97%)
[a]20 D-71.6°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz);d7.66(s,1H),7.36(dd,J=2.45,8.80Hz,1H),7.20(d,J=16.38Hz,1H),6.95(d,J=16.14Hz,1H),6.77(d,J=8.80Hz,1H),5.93(s,1H),3.87(s,3H),3.12(t,J=5.62Hz,1H),2.91(dt,J=5.35,9.60Hz,1H),2.73(t,J=5.14Hz,1H),2.11(d,J=9.29Hz,1H),1.58(s,3H),1.01(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d203.97,164.31,156.40,132.53,129.53,128.69,128.09,127.04,122.89,113.28,112.75,58.22,55.77,52.76,43.71,39.98,26.73,22.11;
HRMS计算值C18H19BrO2(M+H)347.0647,测定值347.0651;
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)99.0%(tR=6.23分钟)。
实施例1-21.(1S,5R)-6,6-二甲基-4-((E)-2-(吡啶-2-基)乙烯基)二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(5a)化合物的制造
为了通过羟醛缩合反应(aldolcondensation)从(1S)-(-)-马鞭草烯酮(verbenone)获得二烯烃(diene),在2-吡啶甲醛(171mg,1.60mmol)和MeOH(7mL)中搅拌(1S)-(-)-马鞭草烯酮(verbenone 1200mg,1.33mmol),并用NaOCH3(MeOH中25wt.%溶液,108mg,2.00mmol)进行处理。在60℃温度条件下将反应混合物搅拌6小时,冷却至室温。添加少量的水,在室温下将混合物放置24小时。减压浓缩上述混合物而获得褐色产物,并用硅胶柱层析进行提纯而获得显示下述物性值的黄色糖浆状的化合物(1S,5R)-6,6-二甲基-4-((E)-2-(吡啶-2-基)乙烯基)二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(5a).[(1S,5R)-6,6-dimethyl-4-((E)-2-(pyridin-2-yl)vinyl)bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one(5a)],将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(258mg,收率81%)。
[a]20 D-102.0000°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz);d8.60(dd,J=4.77,0.61Hz,1H),7.67(td,J=7.70,1.71Hz,1H),7.45(d,J=15.90Hz,1H),7.39(d,J=7.83Hz,1H),7.19(ddd,J=7.52,4.83,0.86Hz,1H),6.96(d,J=15.89Hz,1H),6.02(s,1H),3.08-3.14(m,1H),2.87-2.95(m,1H),2.73(td,J=5.69,1.59Hz,1H),2.11(d,J=9.29Hz,1H),1.57(s,3H),1.00(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d203.92,163.51,154.33,149.96,136.65,133.90,131.15,124.29,123.13,58.27,52.90,43.86,39.97,26.71,22.12;
HRMS计算值C16H17NO(M+H)240.1388,测定值240.1392;
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)98.4%(tR=4.28分钟)。
实施例1-22.(1S,5R)-6,6-二甲基-4-((E)-2-(吡啶-3-基)乙烯基)二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(5b)化合物的制造;
采用与5a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色固体状化合物(1S,5R)-6,6-二甲基-4-((E)-2-(吡啶-3-基)乙烯基)二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(5b),将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率77%)。
mp 102-104℃;
[a]20 D-204.0°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz);d8.70(d,J=1.96Hz,1H),8.54(dd,J=1.22,4.65Hz,1H),7.85(td,J=1.86,8.01Hz,1H),7.31(dd,J=4.77,7.95Hz,1H),7.02(d,J=16.00Hz,1H),6.91(d,J=16.00Hz,1H),5.97(s,1H),3.12(dt,J=1.10,5.81Hz,1H),2.94(td,J=5.62,9.54Hz,1H),2.76(dt,J=1.71,5.75Hz,1H),2.13(d,J=9.54Hz,1H),1.60(s,3H),1.03(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d203.72,163.28,149.82,149.35,133.12,131.73,130.98,129.34,123.61,58.23,52.84,43.64,39.96,26.72,22.13;
HRMS计算值C16H17NO(M+H)240.1388,测定值240.1397;
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)98.7%(tR=3.89分钟)。
实施例1-23.(1S,5R)-6,6-二甲基-4-((E)-2-(吡啶-4-基)乙烯基)二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(5c)化合物的制造;
采用与5a化合物的制造方法类似的方法,获得显示下述物性值的黄色凝胶状化合物(1S,5R)-6,6-二甲基-4-((E)-2-(吡啶-4-基)乙烯基)二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(5c),将其作为下述试验例的试料使用(收率80%)。
[a]20 D-152.0°(c1.0,MeOH);
1H-NMR(CDCl3,500MHz);d8.62(d,J=5.87Hz,2H),7.35(d,J=5.87Hz,2H),7.13(d,J=16.14Hz,1H),6.84(d,J=16.14Hz,1H),6.01(s,1H),3.10(t,J=5.87Hz,1H),2.95(td,J=5.62,9.54Hz,1H),2.77(dt,J=1.59,5.69Hz,1H),2.13(d,J=9.54Hz,1H),1.60(s,3H),1.02(s,3H);
13C-NMR(CDCl3,75MHz);d203.57,162.78,150.42,143.12,131.89,131.57,124.62,121.23,58.24,52.90,43.68,39.95,26.70,22.11;
HRMS计算值C16H17NO(M+H)240.1338,测定值240.1378;
HPLC分析结果:(方法1)98.4%(tR=4.29分钟)。
实施例2.针对兴奋细胞毒性、抗氧化活性以及局部脑缺血症的马鞭草烯酮衍生物的效果
试验动物的准备
将公司(Charles River Laboratories公司,首尔(Seoul),韩国(Korea))供给的SD大鼠(260-270g,雄性),在维持12小时的明暗/循环周期并可自由接近饮用水的情况下,使其顺应在试验前环境后使用。该试验在NIH基准(美国国立卫生研究院的试验动物护理和使用指南:NIH Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals)以及委员会(高丽大学试验动物管理和使用委员会:Korea University Institutional Animal Care&UseCommittee)批准下实施。
统计处理
以平均数(means)±S.E.M.的形式处理数据(Data),并实施单向方差分析(one-way analysis of variance:ANOVA)而鉴定统计显著性,采用事后邦弗朗尼检验(post-hocbonferroni test)实施多重比较,P值<0.05判断为具有显著性。ANOVA分析之间,确认试验方法(Levene'sTest)对方差齐性(Equality of Variances)的P值(P>0.05)。必要时,对上述数据实施克鲁斯凯-沃利斯检验(Kruskal-Wallis test)之后,通过曼-惠特尼检验(Mann-Whitney test)进一步分析。
实施例2-1.马鞭草烯酮衍生物对兴奋细胞毒性的影响
为了确认上述实施例中获得的试料对兴奋细胞毒性带来的效果,应用文献中记载的方法实施如下试验(Ju C.et al.,BBRC,431(3),484-489,2013)。
(1)皮层神经细胞培养
从胚胎16~17天SD大鼠中获得皮层神经细胞(neuron)(5x105细胞/ml)。即,切除脑皮层,使用移液管(巴氏吸管:Pasteur pipette)在缓冲液(汉克斯平衡盐溶液:Hanks’Balanced Salt Solution,HBSS)中反复实施滴定(trituration),由此分离细胞。将细胞悬浮液(1.8x103细胞/mm2)分配于板(多聚赖氨酸(poly-D-lysine)(100mg/ml)/层粘蛋白(laminin)(4mg/ml)-预处理板)上。初期,将细胞置于10%FBS-添加NBM培养基中,并维持在37℃温度、加湿的96%空气/5%CO2环境中。培养上述培养物15~16天之后实施试验。
(2)OGD(缺氧缺糖:Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation)后再氧化
为了诱导试验管低氧性-缺血性症状,将培养的细胞置于缺氧室(氧分压<2mmHg),为了去除上述培养物的残余氧,换成以缺氧性气体混合物(95%N2,5%CO2)充满(bubbling)的葡萄糖-去除培养基(glucose-free DMEM)并培养30分钟,为了缺氧(oxygendeprivation),在37℃温度下培养90分钟。90分钟后,将上述露出溶液换成含有氧化25mMol/L葡萄糖的DMEM培养基,中断OGD反应,使细胞恢复成正常氧条件。在提供好氧性混合气体(95%空气,5%CO2)的葡萄糖(25mMol/L)-含有DMEM培养基中保持未露出于OGD的对照细胞。从OGD/再氧化(re-oxygenation)30分钟之前开始用试料处理细胞并维持在整个实验期间。
(3)NMDA(N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸:N-methyl-D-aspartate)-诱导兴奋细胞毒性测定
在板上培养15-18天之后,在NMDA(100mM)的溶液(Mg2+-去除Earle’平衡盐溶液(Earle’s balanced salt solution:EBSS);含有1.8mM CaCl2以及10mM甘氨酸(glycine))中将皮层神经细胞露出10分钟。进行上述露出之后,用含有MgSO4的EBSS溶液洗涤细胞,在37℃温度、5%CO2条件下,在培养器中的25mmol/L葡萄糖含有DMEM培养基中进行培养。从NMDA处理30分钟之前开始用试料(10mM)处理细胞。
(4)细胞损伤或者细胞死亡的测定
细胞损伤或者细胞凋亡是利用细胞存活率测定试剂盒(Sigma-Aldrich公司,St.Louis,MO)测定从培养基中分泌的LDH量,细胞存活率是相对于总细胞LDH水平的LDH的百分率来表示,其中,所述总细胞LDH是冷冻并实验后溶解的姐妹培养物(sistercultures)中测定。
兴奋细胞毒性是缺血症-诱导神经细胞凋亡中的主要因素,特别是初期阶段脑缺血症中的主要因素之一。OGD是利用培养的皮层神经细胞模仿缺血症中的急剧破坏血流供给以及能量耗费的现象的实验模型,通过OGD诱导细胞损伤,促进如LDH那样的蛋白质向培养液中的分泌,并测定其来测定细胞膜损伤以及神经细胞损伤。试验结果,可确认化合物(3a,3c以及3f)能够显著降低神经细胞损伤,所降低程度达到了已知晓的作为NMDA受体拮抗剂的MK801的程度,并确认到未显示细胞毒性(图1)。
NMDA受体的过度刺激引发的兴奋性毒性(Excitotoxicity),是OGD/R期间的神经损伤以及自由基以及紧接的氧化应激的同时多发性引起的脑缺血性损伤相关主要因素。本实验结果表明,本发明的化合物(3a,3c,3f,3i以及5a),其虽未达到MK-801的抗-兴奋细胞毒性活性(anti-excitotoxic activities)程度,但其显著减少了培养的皮层神经细胞中的NMDA-诱发神经损伤(图2)。其意味着,本发明化合物对NMDA-诱发神经兴奋细胞毒性起到的抑制作用有助于抗-缺血活性。
实施例2-2.马鞭草烯酮衍生物的抗氧化活性效果
为了确认上述实施例中获得的试料的直接抗氧化活性,利用文献中记载的方法实施如下实验(Ju c.et al.,BBRC,431(3),484-489,2013;Huang D.et al.,J.Agric.FoodChem.,53,1841-1856,2005.)。
(1)活性氧(ROS)的细胞内水平测定(DCF荧光度)
为了确认试料的自由基直接消除活性,利用广泛用于再氧化(reoxygenation)1小时之后测定细胞内氧化应激的H2DCF-DA(2,7-二氢二氯荧光素二乙酸酯:2,7-dihydroichlorofluorescein diacetate)荧光指示剂进行染色,2小时之后在25mM葡萄糖(Glucose),1.8mM CaCal2,1.2mM MgSO4以及2.5mM丙磺舒(probenecid)(pH7.4)含有EBSS缓冲液中洗涤细胞,用读取仪器(荧光酶标仪:fluorescence microplate reader,SpectraMax GeminiEM;Ex=485nm,Em=530nm)或者数码相机(DFC420C,Leica,WetzlarGermany公司)、显微镜(荧光显微镜:fluorescence microscope;DM IL HC Fluo,Leica,Wetzlar,Germany公司)测定DCF的荧光度。荧光强度补正成自动荧光度(即,未搭载H2DCF-DA的细胞的荧光度)。
从本实验结果确认到,化合物3c以及3f能够减少OGD-诱导细胞内氧化应激(图3)。
(2)氮自由基去除能力测定(DPPH分析法)
将上述各试料,用DPPH(23.6μg/ml,在乙醇)混合试料,在37℃温度条件下,在暗处培养30分钟。在517nm下测定通过试料减少的DPPH吸光度。将维生素C(Vit.C;SigmaAldrich公司,St.Louis,MO)作为对照群使用,通过下述数学式1计算DPPH%抑制率(inhibitionvalue)。
数学式1
消除活性(%)=[Absmax(Vit.C)-Abssample]/[Absmax(Vit.C)-Absmin(Vit.C)]X100.
(3)氧自由基吸收能力(ORAC;oxygen radical absorbance capacity)测定
如下所述,通过文献记载的实验方式实施ORAC分析方法(Huang,D.et al.,J.Agric.Food Chem.,53,1841-56,2005)。
准备缓冲液(75mM磷酸盐缓冲液(phosphate buffer),pH7.4)中的AAPH(60mM)以及荧光素(fluorescein)(50nM),其中不存在试料或者标准液(水溶性维生素E:Trolox)。用50%丙酮中溶解的7%RMCD(randomly methylated beta-cyclodextrin)悬浮上述试料以及标准液来做准备。准备RMCD以用于提高脂溶性试料的溶解度。将荧光溶液(Fluoresceinsolution,66nM,190μl)与试料振荡5秒钟,从而使其充分混合。在37℃温度下培养10分钟后,迅速添加AAPH(500mM,30μl),对于荧光度的减少水平,利用读取机(荧光酶标仪:fluorescence microplate reader,Ex=485nm,Em=530nm;SpectraMax GeminiEM,Molecular Devices,Sunnyvale,CA),并通过37℃条件下9小时内每5分钟测定的方式进行测定。为了过氧化氢自由基(peroxyl radical)消除作用的定量化,对于消除活性而言,根据下述数学式2计算出AUC(曲线下面积:area-under-the-curve),根据数学式3计算出纯(net)AUC,根据trolox浓度增加制作出纯AUC的标准曲线(standard curve),并根据下述数学式4计算出试料的troloxe当量(TE;trolox equivalents)。
数学式2
AUC=(0.5+f1/f0+f2/f0+f3/f0+…+fn-2/f0+fn-1/f0+fn/f0)x5,
(其中,f0是0分钟时间(time)I下的最初荧光度。)
数学式3
纯(net)AUC=AUCsample-AUCblank.
数学式4
试料的trolox当量(TE;troloxequivalents)=[netAUCsample at25mM]/[netAUCtrolox at25mM]
通过实施下述两种不同形式的化学反应测定本发明的马鞭草烯酮衍生物的抗氧化活性:(1)单电子转移分析法(single electron transfer-based assay),即,对于自由基引发剂以及作为最终指示剂起到作用的DPPH减少进行测定的DPPH分析法(2,2-二(4-叔辛基苯基)-1-苦肼基自由基分析法:2,2-di(4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-picrylhydrazyl[DPPH]assay),以及(2)氢原子转移分析法(hydrogen atom transfer assay),即,氧自由基吸收能力分析法(oxygen radical absorbance capacity[ORAC]assay),测定称为AAPH(2,2'-偶氮双(2-甲基丙脒)二盐酸盐:2,2'-azobis-(2-methylpropionamide)-dihydrochloride)的过氧化氢自由基引发剂(peroxyl radical generator)和作为抗氧化剂起到作用的试料对于氧化性荧光指示剂(oxidizable fluorescent probe,fluorescein)起到的竞争性反应动力学作用。
从本实验结果确认到,DPPH分析法中,大部分的具有酚基的苯乙烯基衍生物(3a-f,3h-i)对于从DPPH转变至有机氮自由基(organic nitrogen free radicals)的变化显示出强烈且直接的消除活性(参考表1)。其中,化合物3c以及3f在相同浓度下显示出比维生素C更强的消除活性,ORAC分析法中,具有吡咯基的衍生物(4e)以及具有酚基的所有化合物(3a-i)显示出比trolox更强的过氧化氢自由基消除活性(表1以及表2)。苯基的间位(meta)以及对位(para)中导入羟基的化合物能够提高自由基消除活性。
表1
化学式2
表2
化学式3
实施例2-3.局部脑缺血症实验模型
为了确认上述实施例中获得的试料在局部脑缺血症实验中的效果,应用文献中记载的方法实施如下实验(Belayev L.et al.,Stroke,27,1616-1622,1996;discussion1623)。
(1)局部脑缺血症实验模型
利用面罩(mask)使N2O和O2(70:30v/v)混合物中以3.0%异氟烷(isoflurane)为起始维持2%异氟烷,以此对大鼠进行麻醉。整个实验过程中,直至从麻醉充分恢复的期间包括手术后期间内,利用直肠用温度计以及加热垫使体温调整和维持在37℃±0.3℃温度。用左侧血管内MCAO诱导局部脑缺血症,简单地说,将3-0热钝化(heat-blunted)单丝尼龙线(monofilament nylon suture;Ethicon,Johnson-Johnson,Brussels,Belgium)插入于右侧外部颈动脉切除部分内腔并向内测颈动脉插入17.5mm,以闭塞MCA小孔。1.5小时后去除上述缝合使动物恢复。对于手术-对照群,除了MCAO以外,实施相同的手术方法。在MCAO15分钟前以及再灌注15分钟之后测定生理学数值,对平均血压,用血压计(MicroMed,Lousville,KY)测定5分钟。用分析仪(Ciba Corning Diagnostics公司,Medfield,MA)测定血中pH、PaO2、PaCO2以及血糖数值。用DMSO溶解并用10%聚氧乙烯蓖麻油甘油醚(cremophore)以及灭菌盐水稀释的(5%)试料(3f衍生物),则MCAO诱导后2小时开始向大鼠腹腔内给药(100mg/kg)。
(2)埂塞体积的测定
再灌注后,用水合氯醛(3.5%chloral hydrate,5ml/kg,腹腔注射)麻醉大鼠之后处死。对于利用切片模具(大鼠脑切片模具:rat brain matrix,Ted Pella,Redding,CA)切断的脑动脉切片(2mm),用试剂(2%三苯基氯化四氮唑,Sigma-Aldrich公司,St.Louis,MO)在37℃温度下染色30分钟。用4%多聚甲醛(paraformaldehyde)(pH 7.4)进行固定,在30%蔗糖(sucrose at)4℃温度下,连续两天在30%蔗糖(sucrose)中进行冷冻保护。对于前囟的+4mm(前部)以及-6mm(后部)之间的埂塞切片,用分析程序(OPTIMAS5.1图像分析程序:image analysis program,BioScanInc公司.Edmonds,WA)进行测定。用于测定脑梗死大小的埂塞区域的外部周长是用手动实测。脑梗死总体积(mm3),是通过记载于文献(JNeurosci Methods(1998)84:9-16;J Cereb Blood Flow Metab(1990)10:290-293)中的方法,并根据下述数学式5补正为脑水肿而计算出。如下述数学式6所示,脑水肿是以同侧/反侧半球区域(ipsilateral(V1)/contralateral hemisphere area(Vc))的百分率增加率进行计算。全部用双盲试验法进行测定。
数学式5
脑梗死总体积(mm3)=用直接测定法测定的同侧性体积(IVd)x[(反侧性体积(Vc))/反侧性体积(Vc)](Total infraction volume(mm3)=ipsilateral volume(IVd)obtained by direct measurement x[(contralateral volume(Vc))/ipsilateralvolume(VI)])
数学式6
水肿体积(%)=[(同侧性体积(V1)反侧性体积(Vc))/反侧性体积(Vc)]×100(Edema volume)(%)=[(ipsilateral volume(VI)–contralateral volume(Vc))/contralateral volume(Vc)]×100.
之后冻结组织,用切断器(Leica 3050;Leica,Nussloch,Germany)切断成10或者30mm颈动脉切片,并在-20℃温度下进行保存。
(3)神经功能缺损的测定
缺血后24小时后测定神经功能缺损,通过文献(Stroke,17,472-476,1986)中记载的方法,以4点评定(4-point scale)方式进行测定(0:没有神经功能缺损,1:弯曲前脚,2:弯曲前脚以及对于侧面推压力表现抵抗力减少,不转动,3:与2相同,但转动)。
(4)脑组织免疫组织学染色
为了抑制非特异性抗体结合,对通过上述方法准备好的脑组织切片,用含有5%血清的缓冲液在常温下处理一小时。加入稀释成适当浓度的一次抗体(MPO抗体以及ED-1-抗体,各自1:100;硝基酪氨酸(Nitrotyrosine)抗体,1:50;IL-1a、IL-1b、TNF-a抗体各自1:100),在4℃温度下染色一晚。洗涤去除未结合的一次抗体之后,用结合有荧光标记的二次抗体在常温下染色一小时。洗涤去除未结合的二次抗体之后,用Hoechst 33258染色液对核进行20分钟染色,洗涤之后置于载玻片,使用共焦荧光显微镜(Zeiss LSM510;Zeiss,Oberkochen,德国)进行观察。
(5)血-脑屏障通透性实验
静脉内注射时,染色液(伊文思蓝染色液,2%)即刻结合于血清内白蛋白,转变成无法透过正常血脑屏障的高分子物质,但在诱导了脑缺血症的老鼠脑组织中,血-脑屏障被损伤,伊文思蓝的通透性提高,由此染色量会增加。用200ml的生理盐水对上述的诱发局部脑缺血症的老鼠实施心脏灌注。摘取脑组织,称重后浸渍于试剂(三氯乙酸,60%),在4℃温度下处理24小时。粉碎组织之后,在10000rpm下离心分离15分钟,取上清液,在610nm下测定脑组织内残存的伊文思蓝染色液的吸光度并定量,计算成每克组织的染色液量。
(6)长期存活率实验
对于上述的诱发局部脑缺血症的老鼠,手术后在与手术前相同条件下经过3周测定存活率以及神经功能缺损。
(7)栓塞性缺血脑中风动物模型
使用70%N2O和30%O2(v/v)的混合气体中混合的3%异氟烷(isoflurane)气体,吸入麻醉老鼠(体重270-300g之间)之后,利用3%异氟烷(isoflurane)维持。插入直肠温度计,使用连接于其的自动加热垫使手术期间老鼠的体温维持在37.0-37.9℃。颈部中切开正中线之后,分离右侧颈总动脉(common carotid artery:CCA)和右侧颈外动脉(externalcarotid artery:ECA)以及右侧颈内动脉(internal carotid artery:ICA),捆住颈外动脉和颈总动脉。使用弯曲的微血管夹暂时夹闭颈内动脉。将颈外动脉和颈内动脉的分支起始部分切开小口,为了便于进行血管注入,使用注入口外径缩小成0.3mm的外径0.58mm的PE-50导管,用装有生理盐水的100ul Hamilton注射器向颈内动脉内注入35mm栓塞物。除去微血管夹,将导管小心地向颈内动脉内推进16-17mm,移动至距中脑大动脉的起始点约2mm的位置。将导管的栓塞物注入至颈内动脉(10ul)。注入栓塞物5分钟之后,除去导管。在颈内动脉分支点中进行捆扎,缝合切除部位后,等老鼠从麻醉中清醒。实验中使用的栓塞物是,向PE-50管中迅速注入从老鼠中采取大腿动脉血,在常温下放置2小时、4℃温度下放置22小时而生成血栓。实验前切断管,使用装有生理盐水的附有23G注射针的1ml注射器,由PE-10管转移至变形PE-50导管。
上述实验的结果,确认在暂时性缺血诱导大鼠模型试验中,通过试料(3f,50mg/kg)的缺血后处理(Post-ischemic Treatment;腹腔注射;脑梗死后2小时以及7小时时给药,总共给药两次)方法,显著减少了缺血性损伤、脑水肿以及神经功能缺损(图4)。另外,通过在施用试料的老鼠获得的脑组织切片中对硝基酪氨酸实施免疫组织学染色,测定组织内抗氧化活性,其结果,确认了试料给药群中脑组织内抗氧化活性显著增加(图5)。
一方面,通过免疫组织学染色观察炎症细胞向脑梗死部位以及半阴影部位侵袭的情况,其结果,确认了能够显著抑制被MPO抗体染色的中性粒细胞/单核细胞和被ED-1抗体染色的活性化的小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞的迁移(图6)。除此之外,确认了如IL-1α(alpha)、IL-1β(beta)、TNF-α(alpha)等已知在缺血性损伤中承担重要作用的细胞因子的组织内表达量在试料给药群中显著减少(图7)。另外,还确认了显著减小了因缺血性损伤增加的血-脑屏障通透性(图8)。诱导暂时性缺血的老鼠模型中施用试料后,观察对长期存活率和神经功能缺损恢复率带来的影响3周的结果,确认了施用试料的老鼠的长期存活率以及神经功能缺损恢复率得到了显著提高(图9)。缺血性脑中风时,常有药物引起的出血增加的情况(例,tPA),其在临床上可能会增加患者的副作用(例,死亡或预后(prognosis)的恶化),因此需要注意。但是,本试料在由自体血液注入诱导缺血性脑中风的体内动物模型中,对脑损伤大小没有带来显著的影响,由此可视为发生上述副作用的可能性小(图10)。
下面,说明含有本发明化合物的组合物的制剂例,但是,本发明仅以详细说明为目的,并不限定于此。
制剂例1.散剂的制造
化合物 3f 200mg
乳糖 100mg
滑石粉 10mg
混合上述的成分,填装至气密小袋,由此制造散剂。
制剂例2.片剂的制造
化合物 3c 200mg
玉米淀粉 100mg
乳糖 100mg
硬脂酸镁 2mg
混合上述的成分之后,通过常用的片剂制造方法进行压片,由此制造片剂。
制剂例3.胶囊制剂的制造
RW 200mg
结晶纤维素 3mg
乳糖 14.8mg
硬脂酸镁 0.2mg
通过常规的胶囊制剂制造方法混合上述的成分,填充于明胶胶囊中,由此制造胶囊制剂。
制剂例4.注射剂的制造
化合物 4e 200mg
甘露醇 180mg
注射用灭菌蒸馏水 2974mg
Na2HPO4,12H2O 26mg
通过常规的注射剂的制造方法,制造出每1安瓿(2ml)含有上述成分含量。
制剂例5.液体制剂的制造
化合物 5a 200mg
异构化糖 10g
甘露醇 5g
纯净水 适量
通过常规的液体制剂的制造方法,纯净水中加入各自成分并使其溶解,适量加入柠檬香料之后,混合上述的成分,之后加入纯净水调整成总量100ml,之后填充至褐色瓶进行灭菌,由此制造液体制剂。
制剂例6.保健食品的制造
化合物3a 1000mg
维生素 混合物 适量
维生素A 乙酸酯70μg
维生素 E 1.0mg
维生素 B1 0.13mg
维生素 B2 0.15mg
维生素 B6 0.5mg
维生素 B12 0.2μg
维生素 C 10mg
生物素 10μg
烟酰胺(Nicotinic acid amide) 1.7mg
叶酸 50μg
泛酸钙 0.5mg
矿物混合物(Mineral mixture) 适量
硫酸亚铁 1.75mg
氧化锌 0.82mg
碳酸镁 25.3mg
磷酸二氢钾 15mg
磷酸氢钙 55mg
柠檬酸钾 90mg
碳酸钙 100mg
氯化镁 24.8mg
上述维生素以及矿物混合物的组成比是,将较适合于保健食品的成分以优选的实施例混合的比率,但是,也可以对配合比进行任意变更,通过常规的保健食品制造方法混合上述成分之后,制造颗粒,并通过常规的方法适用于保健食品组合物制造中。
制剂例7.保健饮料的制造
化合物 3f 1000mg
柠檬酸 1000mg
寡糖 100g
梅浓缩液 2g
牛磺酸 1g
加入纯净水使总体积达到900ml
通过常规的保健饮料制造方法混合上述的成分之后,在85℃下搅拌加热约一小时,然后过滤所制作的溶液,放入灭菌的2L容器中密封灭菌后冷藏保存,用于本发明的保健饮料组合物的制造中。
上述组成比是,将较适合于喜好饮料的成分以优选的实施例混合的组成比,但是,也可根据需要阶层、需要国家、使用用途等地域性、民族嗜好,对其配合比进行任意变更。
以上,详细叙述了本发明的特征部分,但对本领域技术人员来讲,这种具体的记述仅仅是优选的实施方式而已,本发明的范围并不限定于此。因此,本发明的实质范围,是依照权利要求书及其等价物来定义。
工业实用性
本发明的作为有效成分含有马鞭草烯酮衍生物的药物组合物相比于以往的药物组合物,显示出显著的神经细胞保护作用、NMDA-诱导兴奋细胞毒性抑制效果、细胞内氧化应激抑制效果以及炎症细胞的迁移抑制效果,具有治疗神经退行性疾病的效果,更具体地,具有治疗脑缺血性损伤的效果,由此能够用于功能性食品等中。
Claims (2)
1.一种化合物,选自:
(1S,5R)-4-(4-羟基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3a);
(1S,5R)-4-(3,4-二羟基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3c);
(1S,5R)-4-(3,4-二羟基-5-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3f);
(1S,5R)-4-(2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3i);
(1S,5R)-6,6-二甲基-4-((E)-2-(吡啶-2-基)乙烯基)二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(5a)。
2.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其中,所述化合物为(1S,5R)-4-(3,4-二羟基-5-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-6,6-二甲基二环[3.1.1]庚-3-烯-2-酮(3f)。
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CN1347404A (zh) * | 1999-04-16 | 2002-05-01 | 欧洲制药集团有限责任公司 | (-)-马鞭烯酮衍生物 |
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SE465649B (sv) * | 1989-02-09 | 1991-10-14 | Jan Loefquist | Foerfarande foer bekaempning av den sextandade granbarkborren, pityogenes chalcographus, genom applicering av en inhibitoriskt aktiv maengd av (+) och/eller (-) -verbenon paa gran |
US6214888B1 (en) * | 1996-09-18 | 2001-04-10 | Applied Genetics Incorporated | Dermatological compounds |
EP1351678A2 (en) | 2001-01-02 | 2003-10-15 | Elizabeth Shanahan-Prendergast | Treatment for inhibiting neoplastic lesions using incensole and/or furanogermacrens |
US7270835B2 (en) | 2001-06-20 | 2007-09-18 | Metaproteomics, Llc | Compositions that treat or inhibit pathological conditions associated with inflammatory response |
RU2418577C1 (ru) * | 2009-12-24 | 2011-05-20 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Томская Фармацевтическая Фабрика" (Ооо "Тфф") | Средство для лечения болезни паркинсона |
BR112014030325B1 (pt) | 2012-06-05 | 2023-04-11 | Shin Poong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd | Uso de composição contendo derivado de verbenona para a obtenção de produto destinado ao tratamento ou prevenção de doença cerebral degenerativa, alimento funcional para prevenir ou tratar doença neurodegenerativa e composto |
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