CN106941917B - Planting method of radix euphorbiae pekinensis - Google Patents
Planting method of radix euphorbiae pekinensis Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a planting method of cynanchum wilfordii, which comprises the following steps: cutting most of non-swelling rhizome of wild Euphorbia pekinensis growing at an altitude of more than 840m into 3-10cm sections, planting, fertilizing, watering, and harvesting. According to the planting method of the radix euphorbiae pekinensis sarmentosum, the non-swelling most rhizome of the radix euphorbiae pekinensis sarmentosum is cut into multiple sections, and after each section is planted independently, the bottom of each section of rhizome can form an independent root, so that the input-output ratio is improved, the growth speed is high, the survival rate is high, the root can be harvested in 1-2 years, the growth cycle is greatly shortened, the batch production of the radix euphorbiae pekinensis sarmentosum is facilitated, a novel operation route is provided for the planting method of the radix euphorbiae pekinensis sarmentosum, the method is worthy of vigorous popularization and application, and the related technical blank is filled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of halenix conyzoides planting, and particularly relates to a halenix conyzoides planting method.
Background
The medicine "Taishan Baishou Xiao" (Cynanchum Bunge Decne) is a plant of the genus Anseris of Asclepiadaceae, mainly produced in Taishan mountain, also called "Taishan Baishou Wu" in Taian, and is listed as the first famous drug in Taishan mountain. The radix euphorbiae pekinensis is a plant used as both medicine and food, has a long medicinal history among people, and is listed as a radix polygoni multiflori certified product in the 1977 edition of pharmacopoeia. The euphorbia pekinensis is a good tonic medicine for family residences and people living in the Taiyi mountain area, is one of precious goods for traveling in the mountain area, and has the effects of nourishing liver and kidney, strengthening bones and muscles, benefiting essence and blood and calming mind. Modern pharmacological experimental research also shows that the radix euphorbiae pekinensis has the effects of resisting tumors, improving immunity and the like. The main chemical components of the Euphorbia pekinensis Hance comprise C21 steroids, volatile oil, acetophenone derivatives and phospholipids.
Along with the improvement of living standard of people and the continuous promotion of modernization of traditional Chinese medicines, the self-health care consciousness of people is greatly improved, and the demand of the euphorbia pekinensis which is a traditional Chinese medicine health care product with the functions of prevention and treatment is increasing day by day. The hyponychium root is not only used in clinical formula, but also is the main raw material of many Chinese patent medicines. Various health-care and nourishing foods and drinks with different functions, which are produced by taking the euphorbia pekinensis maxim as the raw material, are developed in sequence, and the development prospect is very wide. However, for a long time, the euphorbia pekinensis hassk elimination mainly depends on the wild euphorbia pekinensis hassk, the demand is increased continuously, the price is increased continuously, the wild euphorbia pekinensis hassk elimination is mined and dug in successive years, the resource amount is reduced continuously, the wild euphorbia pekinensis hassk elimination resource is in an endangered state, and the ecological balance is also seriously damaged. Since Taishan mountain was listed in the third world geological park in 2006, the Taishan mountain tourism industry is rapidly developing, demand of Pectinathus sonchifolius as a good tourist present is increasing day by day, wild Pectinathus sonchifolius cannot meet the demand, and in recent years, artificial planting of Pectinathus sonchifolius is rapidly emerging. But because of seed propagation, the germination rate is low, the production period is long, and the economic benefit is poor; the expanded spherical rhizome or columnar rhizome is used for propagation, the planting amount is large, the input-output ratio is extremely low, only one expanded root can be formed after each expanded rhizome is propagated, the economic benefit is very little, and therefore the kraft radix euphorbiae pekinensis can not be produced on a large scale all the time.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a planting method of radix euphorbiae pekinensis kusnezoffii, which is characterized in that most of the roots and stems of the radix euphorbiae pekinensis kusnezoffii which are not expanded are cut into a plurality of sections, and each section is planted independently, so that each section can form an independent root, the input-output ratio is improved, the growth speed is high, the survival rate is high, the roots can be harvested within 1-2 years, the growth cycle is greatly shortened, the batch production of the radix euphorbiae pekinensis kusnezoffii is facilitated, a novel operation route is provided for the planting method of the radix euphorbiae pekinensis kusnezoffii, the method is worthy of vigorous popularization and application, and related technical blanks.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
the invention provides a planting method of cynanchum wilfordii, which mainly comprises the following steps: cutting the non-swelling rhizome of wild Euphorbia pekinensis growing at an altitude of more than 840m into 3-10cm sections, planting, fertilizing, watering, and harvesting.
In the prior art, the planting of the euphorbia pekinensis maxim is mostly carried out by adopting seed propagation, the seed propagation speed is high, but the growth is very slow, the growth period of the euphorbia pekinensis maxim is invisibly prolonged, in addition, a rhizome propagation method is also common, compared with the seed propagation method, the growth speed is improved by adopting the rhizome propagation method, but in the actual operation, most plants are directly buried in the ground for propagation, so that the whole plants are buried in the ground to finally form only one swollen root, and a plurality of seedlings can grow in the propagation process, so that overground growth is excessive, the main root is very slightly swollen, the growth of source leaves is excessive, the growth of the main root is further influenced, in addition, more than one expanded rhizome can be directly discarded in the harvesting process (because the growth years are long, the grown rhizome can reach 2 meters or even longer), can not be well utilized, thus causing resource waste.
The invention uses the non-expanded most rhizome of the bracteatum conyzoides as the raw material for propagation, not only well utilizes resources and solves the problem of resource waste, but also realizes rapid propagation, the rhizome is cut into a plurality of sections and each section is singly planted to form a single root, the input-output ratio is improved, the growth speed is high, the survival rate is high, the rhizome can be harvested within 1 to 2 years (the seed propagation needs 4 to 5 years for harvesting), the growth cycle is greatly shortened, and the prior art has no record about the method for planting by cutting the rhizome into a plurality of sections.
In the invention, the rootstock of the non-swelling part of the euphorbia pekinensis is cut into a plurality of sections, each section is 3-10cm long, preferably 5-9cm, and can also be 7-8cm, besides, each section can also be 3.5cm, 4.5cm, 5.5cm, 6.5cm, 7.5cm, 9.5cm and the like, so the rootstock is cut into about 3-10cm, because the length is in the range, the favorable energy dissipation growth of the euphorbia pekinensis can be ensured, resources are not wasted, if the cut length is too long, the cut length can be controlled within the range disclosed by the scheme of the invention because the buds grow too much on the ground and the root system is swelled slowly.
Certainly, for better growth of the euphorbia pekinensis maxim, the number of the bud eyes of each section is preferably limited, the number of the bud eyes of each section is preferably controlled to be 3-6, more preferably 4-5, and the number of the bud eyes of each section is preferably more than 3, because each bud eye can not be germinated in the subsequent propagation process, the survival rate of the euphorbia pekinensis maxim is ensured by limiting the number of the bud eyes.
Preferably, most of the roots and stems of the euphorbia pekinensis which are not expanded are placed in the ditches in an inclined angle of 40-45 degrees, so that the inclined planting operation can realize shallower burying, and the bud emergence of the euphorbia pekinensis is more facilitated.
In fact, the planting of the radix euphorbiae pekinensis does not need to be transplanted generally, the radix euphorbiae pekinensis is planted directly, the expanded root is intercepted and harvested when the radix euphorbiae pekinensis is harvested, and the operation is very convenient. However, in order to realize higher quality cultivation, the following method can be used: cutting into 3-10cm sections, germinating, sterilizing, transplanting to sandy loam, and planting, so that the seedlings with high survival rate and high growth speed can grow fast and the quality of the cured euphorbia pekinensis is better.
The sandy loam contains a large amount of sand, but contains a small amount of grains and clay grains, and has a binding property between soil grains. The dried powder can be agglomerated but easily broken, and sticky when wet, the held soil mass can be carefully cared for avoiding breaking, the yield and quality of the Pectinatus euphorbia pekinensis can be improved when the powder is planted on the soil, the pH value of sandy loam is preferably controlled between 5 and 7, and the peracid or the alkaloid is not beneficial to the growth of the Pectinatus euphorbia pekinensis. The water content of the plough layer is preferably 30-35%, and the ground surface temperature is preferably controlled at 20-25 ℃.
The seedling growing land should be selected at a place which is near the planting land and has developed traffic during selection, so as to be beneficial to the allocation and transportation of seedlings and save manpower and physics. The seedling raising land should be selected from soil with loose soil, good air permeability and sandy loam, and is convenient for water drainage and irrigation. The former crop in the seedling raising field is selected to be corn or wheat field, and continuous cropping is forbidden. The seedling growing land is preferably planted in sandy loam in a region with the altitude of less than or equal to 270 meters, so that the popularization of high-altitude wild euphorbia pekinensis is realized, the problem of difficulty in harvesting is solved, the quality of wild euphorbia pekinensis per se is not influenced, the quality is even higher, and the yield is also improved.
The purpose of disinfection is to prevent the infection of the euphorbia pekinensis caused by infectious microbes, which is not beneficial to the growth of the euphorbia pekinensis. In actual operation, the disinfection adopts the hot plant ash aqueous solution with the concentration of 20wt% -30wt%, and the solution has low manufacturing cost and good effect, and the temperature is about 40-50 ℃.
Furthermore, after disinfection, the euphorbia pekinensis is soaked in water of 30-40 ℃ for 2-3h and then transplanted, and the purpose of the operation is to further improve the survival rate of the euphorbia pekinensis.
In the whole planting process, the inventor further defines the indexes of ridge width, ridge height and the like suitable for growth of the euphorbia pekinensis through a great deal of practice, the width of the ridge is generally between 40 and 50cm, the ridge height is between 20 and 30cm, the ditching depth is between 15 and 20cm, and the limitation is in the value range which is most suitable for the euphorbia pekinensis to grow.
Besides the ridge width, the ridge height and the ditching depth, the plant spacing and the row spacing also have certain requirements, the plant spacing is preferably controlled to be between 2 and 5cm, the row spacing is preferably controlled to be between 40 and 50cm, the better plant spacing is controlled to be between 3 and 4cm, and the row spacing is controlled to be between 45 and 50cm, so that the high yield is ensured by limiting all indexes in the growth process of the euphorbia pekinensis in a proper range.
3000 plus 4000kg of high-quality farmyard manure is applied to each mu of land during planting under the condition of ensuring sufficient soil moisture, and 2000kg/666.7m of organic fertilizer is applied before winter2Combining with weeding after seedling emergence to perform field weeding, in the last ten months, inserting bamboo poles to build a frame when the young seedlings are 10-15cm high and begin to shed tendrils, in the middle and last ten months, digging drainage ditches after entering rainy seasons, preventing waterlogging, watering in proper amount in dry weather, and performing fertilization and watering operation according to local needs to ensure the required nutrition of the bramble leaf cowhide in the growth process.
The subsequent conventional operations of fertilization and watering are combined with flower and fruit removing operations to prevent supplied nutrition from being absorbed by flowers and fruits and influence the growth of expanded roots, flower and fruit thinning comprises one or combination of manual picking and spraying of a medicament method, during actual operation, the alpha-naphthylacetic acid 6mg/L is sprayed to carry out the conventional flower and fruit thinning, the spraying time is selected at the initial flowering period or the full flowering period, and after spraying for 15 days, the flowers and fruits which do not fall off can be manually thinned, so that manpower and material resources are greatly saved.
And finally, the method also comprises the steps of slicing, drying and sand storage after harvesting, wherein the non-expanded most of the rootstocks are stored as the next planting propagation material, the selected non-expanded most of the rootstocks are free from diseases, worm-eaten and rootstocks without bud juice, and the rootstocks with long, thick, brownish yellow color and more axillary buds are selected as the vegetative propagation material for storage, so that the material with high quality is selected from the source, and the survival rate is improved during the subsequent propagation.
Preferably, the thickness of the slices is controlled to be between 2 and 4mm, the drying temperature is controlled to be between 70 and 80 ℃ generally, and the sand storage is preferably selected from low-temperature sand storage, and the temperature is controlled to be between 10 and 15 ℃.
The invention aims to produce the euphorbia pekinensis maxim by using the unexpanded rhizome of wild euphorbia pekinensis maxim as an asexual propagation material, can solve the problems of long growth period, low yield and unsatisfactory economic benefit of seed propagation for artificial planting in the prior art, lays a foundation for high-yield, high-efficiency and large-scale production of the euphorbia pekinensis maxim, realizes the protection of wild euphorbia pekinensis maxim resources, optimizes the ecological environment, meets the market demand and increases the multiple targets of farmer income.
The wild euphorbia pekinensis cultured by the method has vigorous and regular growth in the field, good appearance quality of root medicinal materials and high yield, and solves the problems that the euphorbia pekinensis is mainly dependent on wild, is short in supply and short in demand, is damaged in ecological balance and is in an endangered state. The wild euphorbia pekinensis nakai resources are protected, the ecological environment is optimized, and the market demand is met.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the planting method of the euphorbia pekinensis maxim, all parameters of the whole planting method are controlled within a proper range, a whole set of asexual propagation planting technology is formed, the problems of seed propagation, long growth period, low yield and poor economic benefit of the conventional euphorbia pekinensis maxim are solved, the propagation speed of the euphorbia pekinensis maxim can be rapidly increased, and technical support is provided for large-scale production of the euphorbia pekinensis maxim;
(2) according to the planting method of the euphorbia pekinensis maxim, the non-medicinal parts (the part of the root and stem which is not expanded and is usually discarded as waste in the past collection) are selected as the planting raw materials for breeding, so that the cost is saved, the income is increased, reference and basis are provided for realizing the large-scale production of the euphorbia pekinensis maxim, and a more novel high-yield planting method is provided for planting the euphorbia pekinensis maxim;
(3) the wild euphorbia pekinensis is grown in a high-altitude area and is difficult to harvest, the wild euphorbia pekinensis is introduced to a low-altitude area through an artificial domestication method, scientific planting of the euphorbia pekinensis pe.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Example 1
The planting method of the euphorbia pekinensis maxim comprises the following steps:
1) digging Pedunus carnosus rhizome from field with altitude of 840m in the middle and last ten days of 3 months every year, cutting the most unexpended rhizome of Pedunus carnosus into 3-10cm sections, planting into sandy loam, sterilizing with 30wt% hot plant ash aqueous solution prepared from fresh plant ash, soaking in warm water for 2h, transplanting into land, ridging and ditching, wherein the ridge width is 50cm, the ridge height is 32cm, the ditching depth is 14cm, and placing the rhizome in the excavated ditch in an inclined plane 45-degree angle;
2) under the condition of sufficient soil moisture, 3000 plus 4000kg of high-quality farmyard manure is applied to each mu, no fertilizer is used, and 2000kg/666.7m of organic fertilizer is additionally applied before the next winter2After seedlings emerge, hoeing in the field by combining with grass pulling, planting and inserting bamboo poles to build frames when the seedlings are 10-15cm high and begin to shed vines, wherein the plant spacing is 6cm, the row spacing is 65cm, and after the seedlings enter a rainy season in the middle and the last 6 months, drainage ditches are dug to prevent waterlogging, proper watering is needed in dry weather, flowers and fruits are removed in time in 6-7 months, so that the root yield is improved;
3) after transplanting, before freezing in the first 11 th ten days to the beginning of 12 months in the 2 nd year, wilting the plants on the ground, dismantling the bamboo pole frame, and digging euphorbia pekinensis to eliminate roots; or removing underground root from the root of the euphorbia pekinensis after thawing in ten days of 3 months, wherein the yield per mu is 295kg/666.7m2. Selecting expanded spherical or columnar roots, picking, cleaning, removing impurities, slicing, and drying in an oven, wherein the expanded spherical or columnar roots can be stored in sand at a low temperature if the expanded spherical or columnar roots have no processing requirement temporarily; the unexpanded bulk of the rootstock can be stored as vegetative propagation material.
Example 2
The planting method of the euphorbia pekinensis maxim comprises the following steps:
1) digging the rhizome of the Elaeagnus pungens from the middle and the last ten days of 3 months to 4 months from the field with the elevation of 840 + 1545m, cutting most of the rhizome of the Elaeagnus pungens which is not expanded into 5-9cm sections, wherein each section has 3-5 bud holes, preparing 20wt% of plant ash aqueous solution with 50 ℃ by using fresh plant ash after sprouting, sterilizing, soaking in warm water at 40 ℃ for 3h, transplanting into sandy loam in the area with the elevation less than or equal to 270 meters, wherein the pH value of the sandy loam is 6, ridging and ditching before planting, the ridge width is 40cm, the ridge height is 20cm, the ditching depth is 20cm, and placing the rhizome in the opened ditch in an inclined plane with an angle of 40 degrees;
2) the cowhide of Euphorbia pekinensis has drought tolerance, impoverishment tolerance, waterlogging tolerance and fertilizer tolerance, 3000-4000kg of high-quality farmyard manure is applied to each mu under the condition of sufficient soil moisture, no chemical fertilizer is used, and 2000kg/666.7m of organic fertilizer is additionally applied before winter in the next year2Combined with weeding to make a hoe in the field, 4In the late month, when tendril throwing is started, field planting and bamboo pole inserting and erecting are carried out, the plant spacing is 2-5cm, the row spacing is 40cm, after the early and late 6 months enter a rainy season, a drainage ditch is dug, waterlogging is prevented, watering is carried out in a proper amount in a dry weather, flowers and fruits are removed in time in 6-7 months, a mode of combining manual removal and 6mg/L spraying of alpha-naphthylacetic acid is adopted, the spraying time is selected in the initial flowering period or the full flowering period, and the flowers and fruits which do not fall off can be manually removed after being sprayed for 15 days, so that the root yield is improved;
3) agricultural control is the main one, and chemical control is the auxiliary one. In early spring at low temperature or when soil humidity is too high, hoe is used to increase temperature and eliminate dampness in time to prevent damping off, and 1500 times of liquid of 25% pymetrozine suspending agent is applied to 4 times of the middle ten days of 4 months, 6 months, 8 months and 10 months, and the dosage is 15g/666.7m2The pesticide is used for preventing and treating aphids, 2.5 percent deltamethrin 2000-fold liquid, the dosage per mu is 60ml, 1 to 2 times of pesticide spraying is carried out in 6 months, mirid is prevented and treated, the pesticide spraying is carried out in fine weather and high pest density, the back of the leaf should be uniformly coated with pesticide, the mirid also can be selected to have poor activity below 10 ℃, and the mirid can be intensively killed or burnt when being gathered in dense leaf clumps;
4) after transplanting, before freezing in the first 11 th ten days to the beginning of 12 months in the 2 nd year, wilting the plants on the ground, dismantling the bamboo pole frame, and digging euphorbia pekinensis to eliminate roots; or after thawing in ten days of 3 months, digging the euphorbia pekinensis to eliminate underground roots, and the acre yield is 327kg/666.7m2And the transplanted plants have better growth vigor than example 1, the leaf color is more purple green, the tendrils begin to fall off in the late 4 months, the buds begin to bloom in the late 5 months, the fruits begin to set in the early 7 months, and the fruits begin to mature in the late 10 months. Selecting expanded spherical or columnar roots, collecting, cleaning, removing impurities, slicing into slices with thickness of 2-4mm, and oven drying at 70-80 deg.C, and storing in sand at 15 deg.C if there is no processing requirement; the unexpanded bulk of the rootstock can be stored as vegetative propagation material.
Example 3
The planting method of the euphorbia pekinensis maxim comprises the following steps:
1) digging the rhizome of the Elaeagnus pungens from the middle and the last ten days of 3 months to 4 months from the field with the elevation of 840 plus 1545m, cutting most of the rhizome of the Elaeagnus pungens which is not expanded into 7cm sections, 4-5 bud holes in each section, preparing 25 wt% of a 40 ℃ plant ash aqueous solution by using fresh plant ash after sprouting, sterilizing the solution, soaking the solution in warm water at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 2h, transplanting the solution into sandy loam in a region with the elevation less than or equal to 270 meters, wherein the pH value of the sandy loam is 6, ridging and ditching before planting, the ridge width is 50cm, the ridge height is 30cm, the ditching depth is 15cm, and placing the rhizome in a trench in a manner of 45-degree inclined plane;
2) the cowhide of Euphorbia pekinensis has drought tolerance, impoverishment tolerance, waterlogging tolerance and fertilizer tolerance, 3000-4000kg of high-quality farmyard manure is applied to each mu under the condition of sufficient soil moisture, no chemical fertilizer is used, and 2000kg/666.7m of organic fertilizer is additionally applied before winter in the next year2Hoeing in the field by combining with weeding, digging and hoeing, when beginning to throw tendrils in the last ten days of 4 months, planting, inserting bamboo poles and building frames, wherein the plant spacing is 3cm, the row spacing is 50cm, after entering rainy seasons in the middle and last ten days of 6 months, digging drainage ditches to prevent waterlogging, watering in proper amount in dry weather, removing flowers and fruits in time in 6-7 months, adopting a mode of combining artificial removal and 6mg/L spraying of alpha-naphthylacetic acid, selecting the spraying time in the initial flowering period or the full flowering period, and manually removing the flowers and fruits which do not fall after spraying for 15 days to improve the root yield;
3) agricultural control is the main one, and chemical control is the auxiliary one. In early spring at low temperature or when soil humidity is too high, hoe is used to increase temperature and eliminate dampness in time to prevent damping off, and 1500 times of liquid of 25% pymetrozine suspending agent is applied to 4 times of the middle ten days of 4 months, 6 months, 8 months and 10 months, and the dosage is 15g/666.7m2The pesticide is used for preventing and treating aphids, 2.5 percent deltamethrin 2000-fold liquid, the dosage per mu is 60ml, 1 to 2 times of pesticide spraying is carried out in 6 months, mirid is prevented and treated, the pesticide spraying is carried out in fine weather and high pest density, the back of the leaf should be uniformly coated with pesticide, the mirid also can be selected to have poor activity below 10 ℃, and the mirid can be intensively killed or burnt when being gathered in dense leaf clumps;
4) after transplanting, before freezing in the first 11 th ten days to the beginning of 12 months in the 2 nd year, wilting the plants on the ground, dismantling the bamboo pole frame, and digging euphorbia pekinensis to eliminate roots; or after thawing in 3 Yueyue, digging Pedunculus flavus to remove underground root, and the yield per mu is 382kg/666.7m2And the transplanted plants have good growth vigor and strong green and thick leaves compared with the plants in the examples 1-2, the stems of the plants are thicker, the tendrils begin to get rid of in the first 5 th month, the buds appear and bloom in the first 6 th month, the fruits begin to set in the middle and last 7 th month, the fruits begin to mature in the first 10 th month, and the fruit setting rate is obviously higher than that of the plants in the examples 1-2In the period, the plants grow more vigorously and grow densely. Selecting expanded spherical or columnar roots, collecting, cleaning, removing impurities, slicing into slices with thickness of 2-4mm, oven drying at 70-80 deg.C, sand storing at 10 deg.C if there is no processing requirement, and storing the unexpanded rhizome as asexual propagation material.
Example 4
The planting method of the euphorbia pekinensis maxim comprises the following steps:
the other steps are basically the same as the example 3, except that in the step 2), the planting distance is 4cm, the ridge width is 45cm, the line spacing is 45cm, and the final yield per mu is 390kg/666.7m2The plants have good growth vigor compared with the plants in the examples 1-2, the plants have the same color as the plants in the example 3, the leaf color is green and thick, the stems of the plants are thicker, the tendrils begin to get rid of in the first 5 th month, the buds appear and bloom in the first 6 th month, the fruits begin to set in the middle and last 7 th months, the fruits begin to ripen in the first 10 th month, the fruit setting rate is obviously higher than that of the plants in the examples 1-2, and the plants have vigorous growth and dense growth in the later period.
Comparative example 1
The other steps are basically the same as the embodiment 3, and the difference is that in the step 1), wild euphorbia pekinensis root-eliminating roots are dug from the elevation 840-1545m field, the euphorbia pekinensis root-eliminating roots are directly planted without being cut into multiple sections, and finally the acre yield on the yield is only 201kg/666.7m2。
Comparative example 2
The other steps are basically the same as the embodiment 3, and the difference is that in the step 1), the euphorbia pekinensis root-eliminating roots are dug from the field with the altitude of 840-1545m, the seeds are harvested after cultivation, when the seeds are transplanted after being propagated and grown into seedlings, the growth cycle is found to be longer and is about 2 times of that of the embodiment 3, and finally, the yield per mu is 250kg/666.7m2。
The invention has the beneficial effects that: through introduction of wild euphorbia pekinensis from high-altitude areas to low-altitude areas, through years of artificial domestication and planting technical research, the optimal growth condition is groped out, so that the euphorbia pekinensis is vigorous and regular in growth vigor, root medicinal materials are good in appearance quality and high in yield, and the problems that the euphorbia pekinensis is mainly dependent on wild, short supply and short demand, ecological balance is damaged, and wild resources are in endangered states are solved. The wild euphorbia pekinensis resource is protected, the ecological environment is optimized, the market demand is met, and the multiple targets of farmer income are increased. In addition, the method does not apply pesticide and chemical fertilizer, so that the euphorbia pekinensis can be consumed as high-quality, green and safe health-care food and medicinal materials.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.
Claims (6)
1. The planting method of the cynanchum wilfordii is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps: cutting most of non-swelling rhizome of wild Euphorbia pekinensis growing at an altitude of more than 840m into 7-8cm sections, planting, fertilizing, watering, and harvesting after maturity; after the rootstocks are cut into a plurality of sections, the number of eyes of each section is controlled between 3 and 6;
cutting into sections of 7-8cm, germinating, sterilizing, and transplanting to sandy loam for planting;
transplanting the seedlings into sandy loam in a region with the altitude less than or equal to 270 meters for planting; the pH value of the sandy loam is controlled to be between 5 and 7;
the disinfection adopts hot plant ash water solution with the concentration of 20wt% -30 wt%;
soaking in water of 30-40 deg.C for 2-3h after sterilization, and transplanting;
in the planting process, the ridge width is 40-50cm, the ridge height is 20-30cm, and the ditching depth is 15-20 cm;
and arranging the roots of the non-expanded most parts of the euphorbia pekinensis in the furrows in an inclined angle of 40-45 degrees.
2. The method for planting cynanchum wilfordii according to claim 1, wherein the number of eyes of each branch is controlled to be 4-5 after the rhizomes are cut into multiple branches.
3. The method for planting cynanchum wilfordii according to claim 1, wherein the planting distance is controlled to be between 2 and 5cm and the row spacing is controlled to be between 40 and 50cm during the planting process.
4. The method for planting cynanchum wilfordii according to claim 3, wherein the planting distance is controlled to be between 3 and 4cm and the row spacing is controlled to be between 45 and 50cm during the planting process.
5. The planting method of cynanchum wilfordii according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein fertilization and watering are performed in combination with flower and fruit removal;
the flower and fruit removing operation comprises one or the combination of a manual picking method and a medicament spraying method.
6. The method for planting Euphorbia pekinensis Koch according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the method further comprises the steps of slicing, drying, sand storing after harvesting, and storing the non-swelled most part of the rhizomes as the next planting propagation material;
the thickness of the slice is controlled between 2 mm and 4 mm;
the drying temperature is controlled at 70-80 ℃;
the sand storage temperature is controlled at 10-15 ℃.
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