CN110337976A - It is a kind of to expand numerous method for culturing seedlings using hybridization paper mulberry tissue-cultured seedling lateral bud - Google Patents

It is a kind of to expand numerous method for culturing seedlings using hybridization paper mulberry tissue-cultured seedling lateral bud Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110337976A
CN110337976A CN201910637596.9A CN201910637596A CN110337976A CN 110337976 A CN110337976 A CN 110337976A CN 201910637596 A CN201910637596 A CN 201910637596A CN 110337976 A CN110337976 A CN 110337976A
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China
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bud
seedling
axillary bud
tissue
root
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袁米丽
金茜
陈文文
王煜
周碧霞
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Tianshui Longxin Agricultural Technology Development Co Ltd
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Tianshui Longxin Agricultural Technology Development Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum

Abstract

The present invention relates to hybridization paper mulberry seedling breeding technical fields, and in particular to a kind of to expand numerous method for culturing seedlings using hybridization paper mulberry tissue culturing seedling lateral bud.The method is the following steps are included: (1) tissue-cultured seedling stump promotees tiller；(2) topping growth-promoting axillary bud；(3) axillary bud, which is adopted, breaks；(4) take root agent prescription and axillary bud processing；(5) axil bud cutting.It further include establishing tissue culturing seedling's cutting orchard；Medium of seedling bed is protected after step (3) axillary bud is adopted and broken；Seedbed management is carried out after step (5) axil bud cutting；Hardening；Land for growing field crops transplanting and nursery bed management.The nursery stock of breeding method breeding provided by the present invention highly maintains the kind feature of tissue-cultured seedling, the growth and development of newborn body, degeneration-resistant Resistant advantage, it is tall and big that plant type stalwartness is cultivated by nursery because of it again, drought resisting cold-resistant, anti-farmland running to weeds are remarkably reinforced, it is particularly suitable for green barren hill, ecological construction and forage grass plantation, can quickly forms yield as forage grass plantation.

Description

It is a kind of to expand numerous method for culturing seedlings using hybridization paper mulberry tissue-cultured seedling lateral bud
Technical field
The present invention relates to hybridization paper mulberry seedling breeding technical fields, and in particular to a kind of to utilize hybridization paper mulberry tissue culturing seedling Lateral bud expands numerous method for culturing seedlings.
Background technique
Hybridization paper mulberry is Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences after concentrating on studies within 10 years and being verified by demonstration, Chinese big The plantable high-quality tree species in some areas.The kind have fast-growing, high yield, full of nutrition, blade is smooth, palatability is good, tree The content of crude protein is up to 26% in leaf, is 1.4 times of clover；It is flourishing, well developed root system, resistance to felling, saline-alkali tolerant, resistance to lean Thin, harvest process is not digged pit, disturbed soil, soil and water conservation effect be not good.It is green in feed, papermaking, deserted mountain in view of hybridization paper mulberry Change the important function with restoration of the ecosystem etc..At present China Guizhou, Shandong, Henan, Sichuan, Shanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongol, Jilin, Anhui, etc. more than 20 a provinces and regions carried out a large amount of plantations and promoted.But hybridization paper mulberry generallys use tissue cultures at present And feeding block seedlings raising method, there are the production cycle is long, nursery stock is slim and frahile, cultivate it is at high cost the disadvantages of, hinder to be widely applied.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, under the premise of ensureing hybridization paper mulberry Specific character and using tissue-cultured seedling growth and development advantage, Expand numerous method for culturing seedlings using hybridization paper mulberry tissue culturing seedling lateral bud it is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of.The method includes Following steps: (1) tissue-cultured seedling stump promotees tiller；(2) topping growth-promoting axillary bud；(3) axillary bud, which is adopted, breaks；(4) it takes root agent prescription and axillary bud Processing；(5) axil bud cutting.
Preferably, the method for culturing seedlings further includes following steps: being established before step (1) tissue-cultured seedling stump promotees tiller Tissue culturing seedling's cutting orchard；Seedbed management is carried out after step (5) axil bud cutting；Hardening；Land for growing field crops transplanting and nursery pipe Reason.
(1) tissue-cultured seedling cutting orchard is established and axillary bud is cultivated
1. cutting orchard is established: the fertile farmland or vegetable plot with irrigation conditions are selected, by applying high-quality organic fertilizer per acre: Decomposed livestock and poultry muck 1500~2000kg, N:46% or more 15~20kg of urea, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (P2O5: 61%, N:12% with On) 25~30kg, mixing is spread fertilizer over the fields uniform.It levels land after deep ploughing and bedding.Wide 4.0~the 4.8m of furrow, the long adaptation to local conditions of furrow.
The work road of 60~80cm, the high 8~10cm of work road are stayed between furrow and furrow.
2. tissue-cultured seedling is colonized: will be by the miscellaneous of explant Fiber differentiation, shoot proliferation culture, culture of rootage and greenhouse hardening 101 seedling of paper mulberry is handed over to carry out preferred.By growth and development, normal, healthy and strong tissue-cultured seedling is colonized in the above-mentioned cutting orchard put in order.It is fixed Density in planting 50~80cm of spacing in the rows, 100~120cm of line-spacing.Being colonized season is 6 annual~August, and resident time is with before 10 points of morning It is advisable later for 5 points with afternoon, the cloudy day can whole day field planting.Pour water in time after field planting, nursery lot will it is dry it is not dry when loosen the soil positive seedling.
3, hybridize the main diseases and insect pests prevention and control of paper mulberry nursery: the main diseases and insect pests for hybridizing paper mulberry are Tetranychus urticaes, if cannot have Crushing disaster can occur for effect prevention and control.Quasi- to the prevention and control of Tetranychus urticae and other red spiders to take following measures: mid or late March is i.e. Before early spring rudiment, the processing that disappears clearly is carried out to nursery with 1 degree of lime sulfur of 50% sulphur suspending agent, 200 times of liquid or Baume, reduces evil Mite breeds radix.Summer in i.e. 5~July is administered 2~3 times.The last ten-days period~the first tenday period of a month in June in may for the first time use interior suction for nursery The prevention and control in conjunction with contact killing type acaricide of formula acaricide.Internal-suction type medicament uses diafenthiuron or spiral shell worm ethyl ester, and contact killing type acaricide is adopted With modulation site acaricide such as cyflumetofen, Spiromesifen, fluacrypyrim, second azoles mite nitrile etc..Second of prevention and treatment is on July Ten days to the middle ten days is observed by field insect pest situation, intersects above-mentioned medicament at insect pest situation outburst initial stage and prepares such as spiral shell worm ethyl ester+second azoles mite Nitrile).Serious year point can fill spray once in August early and middle ten days, i.e. diafenthiuron+Spiromesifen.
4. axillary bud is cultivated and adopts fringe: late Febuary early spring in next year~mid-March, the annual tissue-cultured seedling branch that last year is grown It does away from stump at 10~15cm of ground.Pumping is gone out 5~10 tillers by the fringe plant of adopting of late March~mid-April, stump.April The last ten-days period~mid-May pinch terminal bud when new tiller grows to 60~100cm in time, axillary bud are forced to be sprouted successively.Mid-June ~mid-July, the axillary bud of sprouting it is long to 10~20cm or 5~8 leaf, axillary bud base portion semi-lignified when, axillary bud can be carried out and adopted Break simultaneously detached insertion culture.It adopts and breaks axillary bud Shi Yingcong axil base portion and break down axillary bud, it is necessary to which the part of related axil base portion is mitogenetic Tissue, this is the key that can axillary bud take root and survive.It adopts secondary terminal bud when breaking lateral bud and is sure not to break and take, give over to branch and continue to extend Branch, growth a period of time can pinch top again, generate lateral bud, can increase lateral bud quantity in this way, increase breeding coefficient.
(2) nutritive cube matrix and root-growing agent configuration
1. medium of seedling bed and nutritive cube matrix formulations: nutritive cube matrix is made of turfy soil, perlite, vermiculite, loess, than Example is 5:2:2:1.With 10~15g/m320% ground bacterium spirit wettable powder puddle disinfection.Matrix is filled into nutritive cube or width is made 80~100cm, high 8~10cm, the seedbed of long 8~12m.
2. the preparation (by taking 1000ml as an example) of taking root liquid: weighing 800~1200mg heteroauxin and 500~800mg naphthalene second Acid mixes dissolved heteroauxin and methyl α-naphthyl acetate respectively with 2~3ml dehydrated alcohol predissolve, and addition 200 later~ 300ml pure water sufficiently dissolves, and adds boric acid, 1500~2000mg potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 50~80mg the dimension life of 10~15mg Plain C, 25~30g vitamin B2,10~15mg vitamin B6,20~30g gibberellin, 1.2~1.5g carbendazim, are eventually adding Clear water constant volume 1000ml, can be configured to taking root liquid.
The preparation of mud is dipped 3. taking root: impurity removing first is removed into loess sieve (20-40 mesh) screening, weighs 60~80g It takes root and nursery agent (microelement >=10%) and enters 1.5~2.0kg yellow mud, it is spare to reconcile into mud.
(3) axillary bud acquisition and plant
1. axillary bud acquires: the acquisition of axillary bud is to influence survival rate and the principal element taken root sooner or later, should select length 10~ 20cm, robust growth develop normal, no disease and pests harm, semi-lignified axillary bud, acquire at the fine day morning 8~10.Acquisition method It is to start with from axil base portion, related axil base portion divides separate living tissue to break down.Bastem whether semi-lignified and mitogenetic group of related axil Knit is the key that can lateral bud take root and survive.It should be handled in time after adopting bud.The lateral bud part great Ye of acquisition is rejected, is dipped in time Then 60~90s in root-growing agent dips in upper yellow mud in axillary bud base portion, to cuttage.
2. the cuttage of axillary bud.In heliogreenhouse or vinyl house, the matrix prepared is made wide 80~100cm, high by 8~ 10cm, the seedbed of long 8~12m；Or the nutritive cube for installing matrix is put into wide 80~100cm, high 8~10cm, long 8~12m Seedbed, with 20%, bacterium spirit wettable powder is to nursery bed disinfection, the every 5~8g/m of dosage2, after sprinkle profoundly water.With bamboo clappers in nutrition Vertical perforating on alms bowl, to prevent hurting axillary bud when seedling, the insertion of axillary bud gently into the hole accomplished fluently, it is ensured that the base portion energy of axillary bud It is enough completely buried in Medium Culture (3~6cm), flicking is several times, it is ensured that matrix can come into full contact with axillary bud, use rapidly after having planted a line Sprayer is sprayed water, and is kept the skin wet, and is increased humidity, is prevented from wilting, build Small plastic shed with ready bamboo clappers, hang up properly temperature and humidity Meter, covers film in time, tight with soil pressure around film, has the function that heat preservation, moisturizing, sunshade.
(4) seedbed management
1. adding plastics Small plastic shed in heliogreenhouse or vinyl house.30%~40% plastic film of light transmittance is selected, Plastic film Small plastic shed, width, length and the bigger 10cm in seedbed, 60~100cm of height are built above seedbed.
2. the Temperature and Humidity Control in Small plastic shed: axillary bud is conducive to take root in higher temperature environment, can under higher levels of humidity Dehydration is avoided to wilt.To ensure that temperature is between 30~35 DEG C in Small plastic shed after definite value, if temperature is insufficient, need to increase floor file heat Line, humidity should be controlled 85~95%.In addition to adopting and breaking the necessary associated basis portion separate living tissue of axillary bud, temperature control is in Small plastic shed Axillary bud expands numerous another key point taken root and survived.
3. growth course management: cuttage, which is built, generates callus, 10~15 days left sides after Small plastic shed at about 7~10 days bastems The right side can take root, and 20 days new roots appear the experienced seedling that can leak informaton after nutritive cube.It is warm in Small plastic shed 7~10 days after definite value according to experimental study Degree control is taken root in 32 DEG C, humidity 90% or so and survival rate is higher, up to 80% or more.Start within axillary bud general 10~15 days It takes root, 80% has grown into outside nutritive cube after 20 days, and young leaves starts to grow.Aperture can be opened on canopy at this time to leak informaton.
4. hardening: 25~30 days after cuttage, can gradually throw off Small plastic shed film, first open arch membrane both ends within first day, allow its from So ventilation took off film after 3 days completely again.It sprays water at once after taking off film, to prevent blade wilting, temperature control is at 25~30 DEG C, humid control It is advisable 70~85%.Nutritive cube can be moved to outdoor sunshade net lower refining seedling after 30 days to be grown.It is suitably controlled during hardening Water, but also to prevent water shortage from wilting.At sunshade net lower refining seedling 7~10 days, land for growing field crops can be transplanted.
(5) land for growing field crops are transplanted
1. land for growing field crops are established: roughly the same with tissue-cultured seedling.The fertile farmland with irrigation conditions is selected, by applying per acre The high-quality decomposed livestock and poultry muck of organic fertilizer 1500~2000kg, urea (N:46% or more) 15~20kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (P2O5:61%, N:12% or more) 25~30kg, mixing are spread fertilizer over the fields uniformly.It levels land after deep ploughing and bedding.Furrow are wide by 2.4~ 3.2m, furrow length can be depending on landform.The work road of 0.6~0.8m is stayed between furrow and furrow, work road is higher by seedbed 10cm.
2. axillary bud seedling is colonized: will by taking root, hardening seedling carry out it is preferred.The incomplete small and weak seedling of superseded root system development, choosing The tissue-cultured seedling that growth and development is normal, healthy and strong is selected, the above-mentioned land for growing field crops put in order are colonized in.Definite value density 20~30cm of spacing in the rows, 40~60cm of line-spacing, every 6~8 row of ridge cultivation, 6000~8000 plants per acre.Being colonized season is 6 annual~August, with morning in one day Definite value is advisable before 10 points of morning and after at 5 points in afternoon, and the cloudy day can whole day field planting.Pour water in time after field planting, soil will it is dry it is not dry it Loosen the soil positive seedling on border.Mite pest prevention and treatment in axillary bud nursery is identical as cutting orchard.The nursery stock of annual 6~August cuttage, autumn and winter current year It can grow to 1.2m~1.6m.
The implementation result of the invention patent:
It is parent that the present invention, which selects hybridization paper mulberry tissue-cultured seedling, by establishing maternal cutting orchard, cultivating healthy and strong maternal plant, by flat Stubble promotes the mitogenetic big and strong limb of maternal plant, promotes the current year mitogenetic axillary bud of newborn branch further through terminal bud is pinched, using with separate living tissue Axil bud cutting is taken root seedling, expanding propagation coefficient, fast breeding stalwartness nursery stock.The nursery stock of breeding highly maintains tissue-cultured seedling Kind property feature, the growth and development of newborn body, degeneration-resistant Resistant advantage, and because it is tall and big by nursery cultivation plant type stalwartness, resist Non-irrigated cold-resistant, anti-farmland running to weeds are remarkably reinforced, and are particularly suitable for green barren hill, ecological construction and forage grass plantation, can be fast as forage grass plantation Speed forms yield.
According to experimental data, a detoxification hybridizes paper mulberry nursery stock, can expand numerous healthy and strong 30~50 plants of nursery stock, breeding within 2 years Coefficient increases by 30 times or more, reduces by 80% or more seedling cost.The axillary bud of related axil separate living tissue is used simultaneously and is adopted breaks skill Art, Small plastic shed temperature and humidity control sunshade measure solve the problems, such as that hybridization paper mulberry green wood cutting rooting rate, survival rate are low, make seedling Rate reaches 80% or more.Make axillary bud seedling by land for growing field crops cultivation, emerges 5000~8000 plants per acre, seedling height is in 120cm More than.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides it is a kind of using hybridization paper mulberry tissue-cultured seedling lateral bud expand numerous method for culturing seedlings and process, specifically include as Lower step: (one) tissue-cultured seedling cutting orchard is established and axillary bud is cultivated
1. cutting orchard is established: the fertile farmland with irrigation conditions is selected, by applying the decomposed poultry of high-quality organic fertilizer per acre Brid guano fertilizer 1500kg, urea (N:46% or more) 15kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (P2O5: 61%, N:12% or more) 25kg, mixing spreads It applies uniformly.It levels land after deep ploughing and bedding.The wide 4.0m of furrow, the long 20m of furrow.The work road of 0.6m is stayed between furrow and furrow.
2. tissue-cultured seedling is colonized: 101 seedling of hybridization paper mulberry Jing Guo tissue culture being carried out preferred.It is growth and development is normal, healthy and strong Tissue-cultured seedling be colonized in the above-mentioned cutting orchard put in order.Definite value density spacing in the rows 50cm, line-spacing 100cm, 1334 plants per acre.June The first tenday period of a month field planting is poured water after field planting in time before the time is 10 points of morning, nursery lot will it is dry it is not dry when loosen the soil positive seedling.
3, hybridize the main diseases and insect pests prevention and control of paper mulberry nursery: the main diseases and insect pests for hybridizing paper mulberry are Tetranychus urticaes, if cannot have Crushing disaster can occur for effect prevention and control.It is quasi- to the prevention and control of Tetranychus urticae and other red spiders to take following measures: in early spring i.e. 3 month Before last ten-days period rudiment, is disappeared processing with 1 degree of lime sulfur of 50% sulphur suspending agent, 200 times of liquid or Baume to nursery Jin Hang Cheongju, reduce evil Mite breeds radix.Summer in i.e. 5~July is administered 2~3 times.The last ten-days period~the first tenday period of a month in June in may for the first time use interior suction for nursery The prevention and control in conjunction with contact killing type acaricide of formula acaricide.Internal-suction type medicament uses diafenthiuron or spiral shell worm ethyl ester, and contact killing type acaricide is adopted With modulation site acaricide such as cyflumetofen, Spiromesifen, fluacrypyrim, second azoles mite nitrile etc..Second the first tenday period of a month in July extremely The middle ten days is observed by field insect pest situation, intersects above-mentioned medicament at insect pest situation outburst initial stage and prepares such as spiral shell worm ethyl ester+second azoles mite nitrile).Weight Famine year point can fill spray a diafenthiuron+Spiromesifen in August early and middle ten days.
4. axillary bud is cultivated and adopts fringe: late Febuary early spring in next year, by the annual limb of last year growth at away from ground 10cm Stump, mid-May, shoot (tiller) pinch terminal bud when growing to 60~100cm in time, axillary bud are forced to be sprouted successively.Early June The axillary bud sprouted to 6 the middle ten days it is long to 10~15cm or 5~6 leaf, axillary bud base portion semi-lignified when, carry out axillary bud adopt break and from Body culture.It adopts and breaks axillary bud Shi Yingcong axil base portion and break down axillary bud, it is necessary to the separate living tissue of related part axil base portion.
(2) nutritive cube matrix and root-growing agent configuration
1. medium of seedling bed and nutritive cube matrix formulations: nutritive cube matrix is made of turfy soil, perlite, vermiculite, loess, than Example is 5:2:2:1.Use 10g/m320% ground bacterium spirit wettable powder puddle disinfection.By matrix manually or dress alms bowl machine battalion is made It supports alms bowl or wide 80cm, high 8cm, the seedbed of long 8m is made.
2. the preparation (by taking 1000ml as an example) of taking root liquid: weighing 800mg heteroauxin and 800mg methyl α-naphthyl acetate, use 2ml respectively Dehydrated alcohol predissolve mixes dissolved heteroauxin and methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and 200ml pure water is added later and sufficiently dissolves, then Boric acid, 1500mg potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 50mg vitamin C, 25g vitamin B2,10mg vitamin B6, the 20g that 10mg is added are red mould Element, 1.2g carbendazim, are eventually adding clear water constant volume 1000ml, can be configured to taking root liquid.
The preparation of mud is dipped 3. taking root: impurity removing first is removed into loess sieve (20-40 mesh) screening, weighs nursery of taking root Agent (microelement >=10%) 60g and enter yellow mud 1.5kg, it is spare to reconcile into mud.
(3) axillary bud acquisition and plant
1. axillary bud acquires: selection 10~15cm of length, robust growth, developing normal, no disease and pests harm, semi-lignified armpit Bud is acquired at the fine day morning 8~9.Acquisition method is started with from axil base portion, and the part separate living tissue of related axil base portion is broken Under.The lateral bud part great Ye of acquisition is rejected, 60s in root-growing agent is dipped in time, then upper yellow mud is dipped in axillary bud base portion, wait plant It plants.
2. the cuttage of axillary bud.In heliogreenhouse or vinyl house, wide 80cm, high 8cm, long 8m is made in the matrix prepared Seedbed；Or the nutritive cube for installing matrix is put into wide 80cm, high 8cm, the seedbed of long 8m, the bacterium spirit wettable powder with 20% Agent is to nursery bed disinfection, the every 5g/m of dosage2, after sprinkle profoundly water.With bamboo clappers on nutritive cube vertical perforating, to prevent hurting armpit when seedling Bud, the insertion of axillary bud gently into the hole accomplished fluently, it is ensured that the base portion of axillary bud can be completely buried in Medium Culture (3~4cm), Flicking is several times, it is ensured that matrix can come into full contact with axillary bud, sprayed water rapidly, kept the skin wet with sprayer after having planted a line, increase Humidification degree prevents from wilting, and builds Small plastic shed with ready bamboo clappers, hangs up properly Hygrothermograph, covers film in time, uses around film Soil pressure is tight, has the function that heat preservation, moisturizing, sunshade.
(4) seedbed management management
1. adding plastics Small plastic shed in heliogreenhouse or vinyl house.30% plastic film of light transmittance is selected, in seedbed Build plastic film Small plastic shed, width, length and the bigger 10cm in seedbed, height 60cm in top.
2. the Temperature and Humidity Control in Small plastic shed: axillary bud is conducive to take root in higher temperature environment, can under higher levels of humidity Dehydration is avoided to wilt.To ensure that temperature is between 30~35 DEG C in Small plastic shed after definite value, if temperature is insufficient, need to increase floor file heat Line, humidity should be controlled 85~95%.
3. growth course management: cuttage, which is built, generates callus, 10~15 days left sides after Small plastic shed at about 7~10 days bastems The right side can take root, and 20 days new roots appear the experienced seedling that can leak informaton after nutritive cube.Start to take root within axillary bud general 10~15 days, 80% after 20 days Root has been grown into outside nutritive cube, and young leaves starts to grow.Aperture can be opened on canopy at this time to leak informaton.
4. hardening: 25 days after cuttage, can gradually throw off Small plastic shed film, first open arch membrane both ends within first day, make it naturally logical Wind took off film after 3 days completely again.It sprays water at once after taking off film, to prevent blade wilting, temperature is controlled at 25~30 DEG C, and humid control is 70 ~85% is advisable.Nutritive cube can be moved to outdoor sunshade net lower refining seedling after 30 days to be grown.Water is suitably controlled during hardening, but Prevent water shortage from wilting.At sunshade net lower refining seedling 7~10 days, land for growing field crops can be transplanted.
(5) land for growing field crops are transplanted
1. land for growing field crops are established: roughly the same with tissue-cultured seedling.The fertile farmland with irrigation conditions is selected, by applying per acre High-quality organic fertilizer 1500kg (decomposed livestock and poultry muck), urea (N:46% or more) 15kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (P2O5: 61%, N: 12% or more) 25kg, mixing are spread fertilizer over the fields uniformly.It levels land after deep ploughing and bedding.The wide 2.4m of furrow, furrow length can be depending on landform. The work road of 0.6m is stayed between furrow and furrow, work road is higher by seedbed 10cm.
2. axillary bud seedling is colonized: will by taking root, hardening seedling carry out it is preferred.The incomplete small and weak seedling of superseded root system development, choosing The tissue-cultured seedling that growth and development is normal, healthy and strong is selected, the above-mentioned land for growing field crops put in order are colonized in.Definite value density spacing in the rows 20cm, row Away from 40 cm, every 6 row of ridge cultivation, 8000 plants or so per acre.Being colonized season is 6 annual~August, in one day with before 10 points of morning and Definite value is advisable after at 5 points in afternoon, and the cloudy day can whole day field planting.Pour water in time after field planting, soil will it is dry it is not dry when loosen the soil positive seedling. Mite pest prevention and treatment in axillary bud nursery is identical as cutting orchard.The nursery stock of annual cuttage in June, autumn and winter current year can be grown to 1.6m.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides it is a kind of using hybridization paper mulberry tissue-cultured seedling lateral bud expand numerous method for culturing seedlings and process, specifically include as Lower step:
(1) tissue-cultured seedling cutting orchard is established and axillary bud is cultivated
1. cutting orchard is established: the fertile vegetable plot with irrigation conditions is selected, by applying high-quality organic fertilizer per acre 1800kg (decomposed livestock and poultry muck), urea (N:46% or more) 18kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (P2O5: 61%, N:12% or more) 28kg, mixing are spread fertilizer over the fields uniformly.It levels land after deep ploughing and bedding.The wide 4.4m of furrow, the long adaptation to local conditions of furrow.0.7m is stayed between furrow and furrow Work road.
2. tissue-cultured seedling is colonized: will be by the miscellaneous of explant Fiber differentiation, shoot proliferation culture, culture of rootage and greenhouse hardening 101 seedling of paper mulberry is handed over to carry out preferred.By growth and development, normal, healthy and strong tissue-cultured seedling is colonized in the above-mentioned cutting orchard put in order.It is fixed It is worth density spacing in the rows 60cm, line-spacing 120cm, 926 plants/hm2.Field planting season is annual early July, and resident time is with 10 points of morning Preceding and at 5 points in afternoon is advisable later, and the cloudy day can whole day field planting.Pour water in time after field planting, nursery lot will it is dry it is not dry when loosen the soil just Seedling.
3. example 1. is shown in main diseases and insect pests prevention and treatment
4. axillary bud is cultivated and adopts fringe: mid-March early spring in next year, by the annual limb of last year growth at away from ground 15cm Stump.The first tenday period of a month in May pinch terminal bud when New shoot growth is to 60~100cm in time, axillary bud are forced to be sprouted successively.Early June is to 7 Month the first tenday period of a month, the axillary bud of sprouting it is long to 15~20cm or 6~8 leaf, axillary bud base portion semi-lignified when, can carry out axillary bud adopt break and In vitro culture.
(2) seedbed (nutritive cube) matrix and root-growing agent configuration
1. medium of seedling bed and nutritive cube matrix formulations: nutritive cube matrix is made of turfy soil, perlite, vermiculite, loess, than Example is 5:2:2:1.Use 12g/m320% ground bacterium spirit wettable powder puddle disinfection.By matrix manually or dress alms bowl machine battalion is made It supports alms bowl or wide 90cm, high 9cm, the seedbed of long 10m is made.
2. the preparation (by taking 1000ml as an example) of taking root liquid: weighing 1000mg heteroauxin and 700mg methyl α-naphthyl acetate, use respectively 3ml dehydrated alcohol predissolve mixes dissolved heteroauxin and methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and it is sufficiently molten that 300ml pure water is added later Solution, add the boric acid of 12mg, 1800mg potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 70mg vitamin C, 28g vitamin B2,12mg vitamin B6, 26g gibberellin, 1.3g carbendazim are eventually adding clear water constant volume 1000ml, can be configured to taking root liquid.
The preparation of mud is dipped 3. taking root: impurity removing first is removed into loess sieve (20-40 mesh) screening, weighs nursery of taking root Agent (microelement >=10%) 70g and enter yellow mud 1.8kg, it is spare to reconcile into mud.
(3) axillary bud acquisition and plant
1. axillary bud acquires: the acquisition of axillary bud is to influence survival rate and the principal element taken root sooner or later, should select length 10~ 20cm, robust growth develop normal, no disease and pests harm, semi-lignified axillary bud, acquire at the fine day morning 8~10.Acquisition method It is to start with from axil base portion, related axil base portion divides separate living tissue to break down.It should be handled in time after adopting bud.By the lateral bud part of acquisition Great Ye is rejected, and is dipped in 80s in root-growing agent in time, then upper yellow mud is dipped in axillary bud base portion, wait transplant.
2. the cuttage of axillary bud.In heliogreenhouse or vinyl house, wide 90cm, high 9cm is made in the matrix prepared, it is long The seedbed of 10m；Or the nutritive cube for installing matrix is put into wide 90cm, high 9cm, the seedbed of long 10m, with 20%, bacterium spirit can Wet powder is to nursery bed disinfection, the every 6g/m of dosage2, after sprinkle profoundly water.With bamboo clappers on nutritive cube vertical perforating, to prevent hurting when seedling To axillary bud, the insertion of axillary bud gently into the hole accomplished fluently, it is ensured that the base portion of axillary bud can be completely buried in Medium Culture (3~ 6cm), flicking is several times, it is ensured that matrix can and axillary bud come into full contact with, sprayed water with sprayer rapidly after having planted a line, supplement water Point, increase humidity, prevents from wilting, build Small plastic shed with ready bamboo clappers, hang up properly Hygrothermograph, cover film, film in time Surrounding is tight with soil pressure, has the function that heat preservation, moisturizing, sunshade.
(4) seedbed management management
1. adding plastics Small plastic shed in heliogreenhouse or vinyl house.Select 35~40% or so plastics of light transmittance thin Film builds plastic film Small plastic shed, width, length and the bigger 10cm in seedbed, height 80cm above seedbed.
2. the Temperature and Humidity Control in Small plastic shed: axillary bud is conducive to take root in higher temperature environment, can under higher levels of humidity Dehydration is avoided to wilt.To ensure that temperature is between 30~35 DEG C in Small plastic shed after definite value, if temperature is insufficient, need to increase floor file heat Line, humidity should be controlled 85~95%.
3. growth course management: cuttage, which is built, generates callus, 10~15 days left sides after Small plastic shed at about 7~10 days bastems The right side can take root, and 20 days new roots appear the experienced seedling that can leak informaton after nutritive cube.It is warm in Small plastic shed 7~10 days after definite value according to experimental study Degree control is taken root in 32 DEG C, humidity 90% or so and survival rate is higher, up to 80% or more.Start within axillary bud general 10~15 days It takes root, 80% has grown into outside nutritive cube after 20 days, and young leaves starts to grow.Aperture can be opened on canopy at this time to leak informaton.
4. hardening: 25~30 days after cuttage, can gradually throw off Small plastic shed film, first open arch membrane both ends within first day, allow its from So ventilation took off film after 3 days completely again.It sprays water at once after taking off film, to prevent blade wilting, temperature control is at 25~30 DEG C, humidity control System is advisable 70~85%.Nutritive cube can be moved to outdoor sunshade net lower refining seedling after 30 days to be grown.It is suitably controlled during hardening Water, but also to prevent water shortage from wilting.At sunshade net lower refining seedling 7~10 days, land for growing field crops can be transplanted.
(5) land for growing field crops are transplanted
1. land for growing field crops are established: roughly the same with tissue-cultured seedling.The fertile farmland with irrigation conditions is selected, by applying per acre High-quality organic fertilizer 1800kg (decomposed livestock and poultry muck), urea (N:46% or more 18kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (P2O5:61%, N: 12% or more) 28kg, mixing are spread fertilizer over the fields uniformly.It levels land after deep ploughing and bedding.The wide 3.0m of furrow, furrow length can be depending on landform. 0.6 work road is stayed between furrow and furrow, work road is higher by seedbed 10cm.
2. axillary bud seedling is colonized: will by taking root, hardening seedling carry out it is preferred.The incomplete small and weak seedling of superseded root system development, choosing The tissue-cultured seedling that growth and development is normal, healthy and strong is selected, the above-mentioned land for growing field crops put in order are colonized in.Definite value density spacing in the rows 25cm, row Away from 50cm, every 6 row of ridge cultivation, 5000 plants per acre.Season is colonized for annual 7 the first tenday period of a month~mid-July, with 10 points of morning in one day Definite value is advisable after preceding and at 5 points in afternoon, and the cloudy day can whole day field planting.Pour water in time after field planting, soil will it is dry it is not dry when loosen the soil Positive seedling.Mite pest prevention and treatment in axillary bud nursery is identical as cutting orchard.The nursery stock of annual cuttage in July, autumn and winter current year can grow to 1.4m。
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides it is a kind of using hybridization paper mulberry tissue-cultured seedling lateral bud expand numerous method for culturing seedlings and process, specifically include as Lower step:
(1) tissue-cultured seedling cutting orchard is established and axillary bud is cultivated
1. cutting orchard is established: the fertile farmland with irrigation conditions is selected, by applying high-quality organic fertilizer 2000kg per acre (decomposed livestock and poultry muck), urea (N:46% or more) 20kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (P2O5: 61%, N:12% or more) 30kg, mixing It spreads fertilizer over the fields uniformly.It levels land after deep ploughing and bedding.The wide 4.8m of furrow, the long adaptation to local conditions of furrow.The work road of 0.8m is stayed between furrow and furrow.
2. tissue-cultured seedling is colonized: will be by the miscellaneous of explant Fiber differentiation, shoot proliferation culture, culture of rootage and greenhouse hardening 101 seedling of paper mulberry is handed over to carry out preferred.By growth and development, normal, healthy and strong tissue-cultured seedling is colonized in the above-mentioned cutting orchard put in order.It is fixed It is worth density spacing in the rows 80cm, line-spacing 120cm, 694 plants/hm2.Being colonized season is annual late July to early August month, when field planting Between to be advisable before 10 points of morning and after at 5 points in afternoon, the cloudy day can whole day field planting.It pours water after field planting, will be done not in nursery lot in time Loosen the soil positive seedling when dry.
3. example 1. is shown in main diseases and insect pests prevention and treatment
4. axillary bud is cultivated and adopts fringe: early spring in next year early March, by the annual limb of last year growth at away from ground 15cm Stump.Pumping is gone out 5~10 shoots by the fringe plant of adopting of early April, stump.It is pinched in time when the first tenday period of a month in May New shoot growth is to 100cm Terminal bud is removed, axillary bud is forced to be sprouted successively.Early June to mid-July, the axillary bud of sprouting it is long to 15~20cm or 7~8 leaf, When axillary bud base portion semi-lignified, axillary bud can be carried out adopt to break and in vitro culture.Bud is no longer adopted after mid-July.
(2) seedbed (nutritive cube) matrix and root-growing agent configuration
1. medium of seedling bed and nutritive cube matrix formulations: nutritive cube matrix is made of turfy soil, perlite, vermiculite, loess, than Example is 5:2:2:1.Use 15g/m320% ground bacterium spirit wettable powder puddle disinfection.By matrix manually or dress alms bowl machine battalion is made It supports alms bowl or wide 100cm, high 10cm, the seedbed of long 10m is made.
2. the preparation (by taking 1000ml as an example) of taking root liquid: weighing 1200mg heteroauxin and 500mg methyl α-naphthyl acetate, use respectively 3ml dehydrated alcohol predissolve mixes dissolved heteroauxin and methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and it is sufficiently molten that 300ml pure water is added later Solution, add the boric acid of 15mg, 2000mg potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 80mg vitamin C, 30g vitamin B2,15mg vitamin B6, 30g gibberellin, 1.5g carbendazim are eventually adding clear water constant volume 1000ml, can be configured to taking root liquid.
The preparation of mud is dipped 3. taking root: impurity removing first is removed into loess sieve (20-40 mesh) screening, weighs nursery of taking root Agent (microelement >=10%) 80g and enter yellow mud 2.0kg, it is spare to reconcile into mud.
(3) axillary bud acquisition and plant
1. axillary bud acquires: the acquisition of axillary bud is to influence survival rate and the principal element taken root sooner or later, should select length 20cm, Robust growth develops normal, no disease and pests harm, semi-lignified axillary bud, acquires at the fine day morning 8~10.Acquisition method be from Axil base portion is started with, and related axil base portion divides separate living tissue to break down.It should be handled in time after adopting bud.By the lateral bud part great Ye of acquisition It rejects, is dipped in 90s in root-growing agent in time, then upper yellow mud is dipped in axillary bud base portion, wait transplant.
2. the cuttage of axillary bud.In heliogreenhouse or vinyl house, wide 100cm, high 10cm is made in the matrix prepared, it is long The seedbed of 12m；Or the nutritive cube for installing matrix is put into wide 100cm, high 10cm, the seedbed of long 12m, the bacterium spirit with 20% Wettable powder is to nursery bed disinfection, the every 8g/m of dosage2, after sprinkle profoundly water.With bamboo clappers on nutritive cube vertical perforating, when to prevent seedling Axillary bud is hurt, the insertion of axillary bud gently into the hole accomplished fluently, it is ensured that the base portion of axillary bud can be completely buried in Medium Culture (5~ 6cm), flicking is several times, it is ensured that matrix can and axillary bud come into full contact with, sprayed water with sprayer rapidly after having planted a line, supplement water Point, increase humidity, prevents from wilting, build Small plastic shed with ready bamboo clappers, hang up properly Hygrothermograph, cover film, film in time Surrounding is tight with soil pressure.
(4) seedbed management management
1. adding plastics Small plastic shed in heliogreenhouse or vinyl house.40% or so plastic film of light transmittance is selected, Plastic film Small plastic shed, width, length and the bigger 10cm in seedbed, height 100cm are built above seedbed.
2. the Temperature and Humidity Control in Small plastic shed: axillary bud is conducive to take root in higher temperature environment, can under higher levels of humidity Dehydration is avoided to wilt.To ensure that temperature is between 30~35 DEG C in Small plastic shed after definite value, if temperature is insufficient, need to increase floor file heat Line, humidity should be controlled 85~95%.
3. growth course management: cuttage, which is built, generates callus, 10~15 days left sides after Small plastic shed at about 7~10 days bastems The right side can take root, and 20 days new roots appear the experienced seedling that can leak informaton after nutritive cube.It is warm in Small plastic shed 7~10 days after definite value according to experimental study Degree control is taken root in 32 DEG C, humidity 90% or so and survival rate is higher, up to 80% or more.Start within axillary bud general 10~15 days It takes root, 80% has grown into outside nutritive cube after 20 days, and young leaves starts to grow.Aperture can be opened on canopy at this time to leak informaton.
4. hardening: 25~30 days after cuttage, can gradually throw off Small plastic shed film, first open arch membrane both ends within first day, allow its from So ventilation took off film after 3 days completely again.It sprays water at once after taking off film, to prevent blade wilting, temperature control is at 25~30 DEG C, humidity control System is advisable 70~85%.Nutritive cube can be moved to outdoor sunshade net lower refining seedling after 30 days to be grown.It is suitably controlled during hardening Water, but also to prevent water shortage from wilting.At sunshade net lower refining seedling 7~10 days, land for growing field crops can be transplanted.
(5) land for growing field crops are transplanted
1. land for growing field crops are established: roughly the same with tissue-cultured seedling.The fertile farmland with irrigation conditions is selected, by applying per acre High-quality organic fertilizer 2000kg (decomposed livestock and poultry muck), urea (N:46% or more 20kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (P2O5:61%, N: 12% or more) 30kg, mixing are spread fertilizer over the fields uniformly.It levels land after deep ploughing and bedding.The wide 3.0m of furrow, furrow length can be depending on landform. 0.6 work road is stayed between furrow and furrow, work road is higher by seedbed 10cm.
2. axillary bud seedling is colonized: will by taking root, hardening seedling carry out it is preferred.The incomplete small and weak seedling of superseded root system development, choosing The tissue-cultured seedling that growth and development is normal, healthy and strong is selected, the above-mentioned land for growing field crops put in order are colonized in.Definite value density spacing in the rows 20cm, row Away from 50cm, every 6 row of ridge cultivation, 6000 plants per acre.Season is colonized for annual 7 last ten-days period~early August, with 10 points of morning in one day Definite value is advisable after preceding and at 5 points in afternoon, and the cloudy day can whole day field planting.Pour water in time after field planting, soil will it is dry it is not dry when loosen the soil Positive seedling.Mite pest prevention and treatment in axillary bud nursery is identical as cutting orchard.The nursery stock of cuttage before annual early August, autumn and winter current year can It grows to 1.2m.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of expand numerous method for culturing seedlings using hybridization paper mulberry tissue culturing seedling lateral bud, which is characterized in that the method includes Following steps: (1) tissue-cultured seedling stump promotees tiller；(2) topping growth-promoting axillary bud；(3) axillary bud, which is adopted, breaks；(4) it takes root agent prescription and axillary bud Processing；(5) axil bud cutting.
2. method for culturing seedlings as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the method for culturing seedlings further includes following steps: in step Suddenly (1) tissue-cultured seedling stump promotees to establish tissue culturing seedling's cutting orchard before tiller；Seedbed base is protected after step (3) axillary bud is adopted and broken Matter；Seedbed management is carried out after step (5) axil bud cutting；Hardening；Land for growing field crops transplanting and nursery bed management.
3. method for culturing seedlings as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that described step (3) axillary bud adopts the seedling broken and protected later Bed substrate is made of turfy soil, perlite, vermiculite, loess, ratio 5:2:2:1, with 10~15g/m320% ground bacterium spirit can Wet powder puddles disinfection.
4. method for culturing seedlings as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that root-growing agent is by the following method in the step (4) Preparation: weighing 800~1200mg heteroauxin and 500~800mg methyl α-naphthyl acetate, will respectively with 2~3ml dehydrated alcohol predissolve 200~300ml pure water is added later and sufficiently dissolves, adds 10~15mg for dissolved heteroauxin and methyl α-naphthyl acetate mixing Boric acid, 1500~2000mg potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 50~80mg vitamin C, 25~30g vitamin B2,10~15mg vitamin B6,20~30g gibberellin, 1.2~1.5g carbendazim are eventually adding clear water constant volume 1000ml, can be configured to root-growing agent.
5. method for culturing seedlings as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that take root in step (4) the axillary bud processing and dip mud Slurry be made by following methods: first by loess 20-40 mesh sieve screening remove impurity removing, weigh root-growing agent described in 60~80g and Enter 1.5~2.0kg yellow mud, reconciles into mud.
6. method for culturing seedlings as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it is from axil base portion that described step (3) axillary bud, which is adopted and broken, Start with, related axil base portion divides separate living tissue to break down, and whether semi-lignified and related axil separate living tissue are that can lateral bud to bastem It takes root the key survived.
CN201910637596.9A 2019-07-15 2019-07-15 It is a kind of to expand numerous method for culturing seedlings using hybridization paper mulberry tissue-cultured seedling lateral bud Pending CN110337976A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111053031A (en) * 2019-11-28 2020-04-24 云南程盈森林资源开发控股集团有限公司 Tissue culture process of hybrid paper mulberry suitable for desert planting
CN113854028A (en) * 2021-10-12 2021-12-31 华南农业大学 Multi-nursery matched seedling raising method based on broussonetia papyrifera root propagation

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111053031A (en) * 2019-11-28 2020-04-24 云南程盈森林资源开发控股集团有限公司 Tissue culture process of hybrid paper mulberry suitable for desert planting
CN113854028A (en) * 2021-10-12 2021-12-31 华南农业大学 Multi-nursery matched seedling raising method based on broussonetia papyrifera root propagation

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