CN106916034A - A kind of biomass composite and its preparation technology and application - Google Patents
A kind of biomass composite and its preparation technology and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN106916034A CN106916034A CN201510996218.1A CN201510996218A CN106916034A CN 106916034 A CN106916034 A CN 106916034A CN 201510996218 A CN201510996218 A CN 201510996218A CN 106916034 A CN106916034 A CN 106916034A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 244000131316 Panax pseudoginseng Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000003181 Panax pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 40
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
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- 239000000447 pesticide residue Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 6
- QNBTYORWCCMPQP-JXAWBTAJSA-N (Z)-dimethomorph Chemical compound C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C1C(\C=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)=C/C(=O)N1CCOCC1 QNBTYORWCCMPQP-JXAWBTAJSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005761 Dimethomorph Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000180649 Panax notoginseng Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000003143 Panax notoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000005760 Difenoconazole Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001289529 Fallopia multiflora Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQYJATMQXGBDHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N difenoconazole Chemical compound O1C(C)COC1(C=1C(=CC(OC=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=CC=1)Cl)CN1N=CN=C1 BQYJATMQXGBDHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000205585 Aquilegia canadensis Species 0.000 description 1
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
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- 240000001341 Reynoutria japonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018167 Reynoutria japonica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;magnesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 description 1
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000837 carbohydrate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009920 chelation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000857 drug effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000750 endocrine system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000653 nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 1
- YFNCATAIYKQPOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OCC YFNCATAIYKQPOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000009306 yunnan baiyao Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
Abstract
The invention belongs to Chinese medicine and agricultural plantation technology field, more particularly to a kind of biomass composite and its preparation technology and application.The biomass composite that the present invention is provided is prepared according to following technique：A), by Chinese medicine slag and stalk according to (20~40)：After the mass ratio mixing of (50~60), carbonized under anaerobic, obtained composite biomass charcoal；By excrement, Chinese medicine slag and clay according to (10~20)：(10~20)：The mass ratio of (10~30) mixes in water, obtains the compound that water content is 15~25wt%；The compound is fermented, and obtains the compound that ferments；B), by the composite biomass charcoal and fermentation compound according to (30~35)：100 quality obtains biomass composite than mixed fermentation.Test result indicate that, the residues of pesticides in can reducing Chinese medicine after the biomass composite that present invention offer is provided in soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Chinese medicine and agricultural plantation technology field, more particularly to a kind of biomass composite
And its preparation technology and application.
Background technology
Under population expansions, production globalization and commercialized tide, Chinese medicine planting industry also can not
Move towards the marketization with avoiding, and increasingly to intensive, large-scale development.But, in large area unification
Under plantation, the harm of Chinese medicine crop disease and insect increasingly increases, thus medicinal herb grower's spraying pesticide is more prevalent increases,
Cause Pesticide-Polluted Soil increasingly to improve, influence the safe mass of Chinese medicine converted products.Research shows,
Residues of pesticides can trigger human endocrine system disorderly, the nervous system and liver of direct harmful to human.Agricultural chemicals
Residual can also cause harm to biology in the ecosystem.In recent years, during the exceeded event of Chinese medicine residues of pesticides
Have been reported that.In June, 2013 it has been reported that, green peace organization enters to Chinese 65 kinds of common Chinese medicine material samples
After row detection, it is found that most products contain residues of pesticides, also there is banned pesticides residual in portioned product.
Compare the agricultural chemicals maximum residue criterion of European Union, the methyl of detection in some tcm products (such as Radix Notoginseng powder)
Thiophanate severe overweight, and also exceeded more than 100 times of honeysuckle in Yunnan Baiyao.
Therefore, how effectively to alleviate Chinese medicine agricultural chemicals excessive problem, reduce or evade health-oriented products Pesticides
Residual harm, is a problem of current Chinese medicine industry urgent need to resolve.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of biomass composite and its preparation technology and
Using the biomass composite that the present invention is provided can effectively reduce the residues of pesticides in Chinese medicine.
The invention provides a kind of preparation technology of biomass composite, comprise the following steps：
A), by Chinese medicine slag and stalk according to (20~40)：After the mass ratio mixing of (50~60), in nothing
Carbonized under the conditions of oxygen, obtained composite biomass charcoal；
By excrement, Chinese medicine slag and clay according to (10~20)：(10~20)：The mass ratio of (10~30)
Mix in water, obtain the compound that water content is 15~25wt%；The compound is fermented, and is obtained
Fermentation compound；
B), by the composite biomass charcoal and fermentation compound according to (30~35)：100 mass ratio is mixed
Fermentation is closed, biomass composite is obtained.
Preferably, in step a), the temperature of the charing is 250~550 DEG C；The time of the charing is excellent
Elect 0.5~3h as.
Preferably, in step a), the time of the fermentation is 20~25 days.
Preferably, in step b), the time of the mixed fermentation is 20~30 days.
Preferably, the Chinese medicine slag includes the pseudo-ginseng dregs of a decoction, the Radix Angelicae Sinensis dregs of a decoction, the Aplotaxis auriculata dregs of a decoction and the rhizoma Gastrodiae dregs of a decoction
In one or more.
The invention provides bio-based composite obtained in one kind preparation technology as described in above-mentioned technical proposal
Material.
It is applied to as base manure the invention provides the biomass composite described in a kind of above-mentioned technical proposal
The application of Area of Chinese traditional medicinal materials planting.
Preferably, applied amount of the biomass composite in Area of Chinese traditional medicinal materials planting is 0.1~0.5kg/m2。
Preferably, the Area of Chinese traditional medicinal materials planting is used to plant the vegetalitas Chinese medicine being used as medicine with root tuber.
Preferably, the vegetalitas Chinese medicine being used as medicine with root tuber is as pseudo-ginseng.
Compared with prior art, the invention provides a kind of biomass composite and its preparation technology and should
With.The biomass composite that the present invention is provided is prepared according to following technique：A), by Chinese medicine slag and
Stalk is according to (20~40)：After the mass ratio mixing of (50~60), carbonized under anaerobic,
Obtain composite biomass charcoal；By excrement, Chinese medicine slag and clay according to (10~20)：(10~20)：(10~30)
Mass ratio mix in water, obtain the compound that water content is 15~25wt%；The compound is sent out
Ferment, obtains the compound that ferments；B), by the composite biomass charcoal and fermentation compound according to (30~35)：
100 quality obtains biomass composite than mixed fermentation.The biomass composite that the present invention is provided
Made afterwards by fermentation by the composite biomass charcoal of loose structure and the fermentation compound containing abundant organic matter
, after the material is applied to Chinese medicine plant area, agricultural chemicals that can be in centering pharmacopoeia growing area soil plays fixing
Be properly isolated from effect, reduce the valid density of Pesticide Residue in Soil, so can not only reduce agricultural chemicals pouring
Lose, reduce its murder by poisoning to aquatile, eventually reduce destruction of the agricultural chemicals to ecological environment；And,
Biomass composite be to this fixing of agricultural chemicals, isolation with it is similar mix, electrostatic force and physical suction
More loose, the reversible weak force of attached grade plays slow releasing function based on combining, and causes the germ can be on the spot
Or agricultural chemicals is utilized by going deep into the mode such as pore interior of composite, targeted pathogens are improve to agricultural chemicals
Utilization rate, so as to reach the purpose of sterilization；Meanwhile, root system of plant has due to space obstacle and agricultural chemicals
The effect low obstruction of concentration, bioavailability is low, effectively reduces the plant residue of agricultural chemicals.Experimental result
Show, the biomass composite that present invention offer is applied in soil can improve soil to pesticide molecule
Sticking, fixation and closing isolation, suppress absorption of the Chinese medicine for Pesticide Residue in Soil, reduce the agriculture in Chinese medicine
Medicine is remained.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to reality
The accompanying drawing to be used needed for example or description of the prior art is applied to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, below
Accompanying drawing in description is only embodiments of the invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, not
On the premise of paying creative work, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to the accompanying drawing for providing.
Fig. 1 is the residual quantity block diagram of dimethomorph in the soil that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is provided；
Fig. 2 is the residual quantity block diagram of procymidone in the soil that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is provided；
Fig. 3 is the residual quantity block diagram of dimethomorph in the pseudo-ginseng root tuber that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is provided；
Fig. 4 is the residual quantity block diagram of procymidone in the pseudo-ginseng root tuber that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is provided.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described below, it is clear that retouched
The embodiment stated is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the present invention
In embodiment, the institute that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
There is other embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The invention provides a kind of preparation technology of biomass composite, comprise the following steps：
A), by Chinese medicine slag and stalk according to (20~40)：After the mass ratio mixing of (50~60), in nothing
Carbonized under the conditions of oxygen, obtained composite biomass charcoal；
By excrement, Chinese medicine slag and clay according to (10~20)：(10~20)：The mass ratio of (10~30)
Mix in water, obtain the compound that water content is 15~25wt%；The compound is fermented, and is obtained
Fermentation compound；
B) composite biomass charcoal and fermentation compound, are shone into (30~35)：100 quality than mixed fermentation,
Obtain biomass composite.
In the preparation technology that the present invention is provided, composite biomass charcoal and fermentation compound are prepared respectively first.
Wherein, the composite biomass charcoal is prepared according to following technique：
By Chinese medicine slag and stalk according to (20~40)：After the mass ratio mixing of (50~60), in anaerobic bar
Carbonized under part, obtained composite biomass charcoal.
In the preparation technology of the above-mentioned composite biomass charcoal that the present invention is provided, first by Chinese medicine slag and stalk
Mixing.Wherein, the dregs of a decoction that the Chinese medicine slag is obtained after being decocted for the root, stem and leaf of Chinese medicinal plant is used as medicine, it is described
Chinese medicine slag includes but is not limited to the one kind in the pseudo-ginseng dregs of a decoction, the Radix Angelicae Sinensis dregs of a decoction, the Aplotaxis auriculata dregs of a decoction and the rhizoma Gastrodiae dregs of a decoction
Or it is various.In the present invention, the main component of Chinese medicine slag used is hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin,
Submember is carbohydrate, nucleic acid, protein and fat, separately containing needed for a certain amount of plant growth
Trace element and bioactivator.In the present invention, the stalk include but is not limited to rice straw,
One or more in wheat stalk and maize straw.In the preferred embodiment that the present invention is provided, institute
State acquisition after Chinese medicine slag and stalk are sequentially passed through drying and crushed by Chinese medicine slag raw material and stalk respectively.
In the present invention, the mass ratio of the Chinese medicine slag and stalk is (20~40)：(50~60), preferably
30：55.After the dregs of a decoction and stalk mixing are finished, carbonized under anaerobic.In the present invention, institute
State oxygen free condition preferably carries out charing realization by compound in nitrogen atmosphere.In the present invention, it is described
The temperature of charing is preferably 250~550 DEG C；The time of the charing is preferably 0.5~3h, more preferably
1~1.5h.After charing terminates, composite biomass charcoal is obtained.
In the present invention, the composite biomass charcoal of preparation is rich in organic functional group, and inside is rich in micropore,
The pesticide molecule that can be manured into soil with sticking, this part pesticide molecule still can be slow when outside concentration is reduced
Release, and extend RT and drug effect of the agricultural chemicals in soil, can also reduce work under a large amount of pesticide applications
Absorption of the thing to agricultural chemicals.Additionally, the composite biomass charcoal contains a large amount of nanoscale holes, and (aperture typically exists
<2~50nm), specific surface area is higher, is conducive to the absorption living of organic molecule group, to dividing greatly in soil
The agricultural chemicals of son and small molecule has preferable RETENTION BY SOILS.This is conducive to short-term interior holding after the applications of pesticide
The biological effectiveness of agricultural chemicals, improves the ageing of applying pesticides, further reduces the frequency of the applications of pesticide
Rate and consumption.In addition, the composite biomass charcoal contains the organic molecules such as substantial amounts of humic acid, the micro- life of soil
Thing activity is improved, and can promote the humification of organic substance in soil, so as to increase soil fertility.
In the present invention, the fermentation compound is prepared according to following technique：
By excrement, Chinese medicine slag and clay according to (10~20)：(10~20)：The mass ratio of (10~30)
Mix in water, obtain the compound that water content is 15~25wt%；The compound is fermented, and is obtained
Fermentation compound.
The present invention provide above-mentioned fermentation compound preparation technology in, first by excrement, Chinese medicine slag and
Clay mixes in water.Wherein, during the excrement includes but is not limited to pig manure, cow dung, horsehit and chicken manure
One or more；The Chinese medicine slag hereinbefore by the agency of, will not be repeated here；The clay bag
Include but be not limited to vermiculite and/or montmorillonite.In the present invention, the quality of the excrement, Chinese medicine slag and clay
Than being (10~20)：(10~20)：(10~30).In the present invention, for make excrement, Chinese medicine slag and
The ratio of clay mixing is more accurate, and the excrement is preferably using the excrement after dehydration, and the Chinese medicine slag is preferred
Using the Chinese medicine slag after dehydration.Excrement, Chinese medicine slag and clay obtain compound after mixing is finished in the water,
The water content of the compound is 15~25wt%.After obtaining the compound, the compound is sent out
Ferment.In the present invention, the mode of the fermentation is preferably fermentation reactor system.In the present invention, the composting
The detailed process of fermentation is：It is by the way of successively accumulation, having peace of mind that compound heap is in heaps first；Then
Using sposh and fine earth sealing windrow, and plastic covering film；After covered rearing with plastic film is good, fermented.
In the present invention, the time of the fermentation be preferably 20~25 days.After fermentation ends, the compound that ferments is obtained.
In the present invention, after obtaining the composite biomass charcoal and the fermentation compound, will be described compound
Biomass carbon and fermentation compound mixed fermentation.Wherein, the mode of the fermentation is preferably fermentation reactor system；
The mass ratio of the composite biomass charcoal and fermentation compound is (30~35)：100；The mixed fermentation
Time be preferably 20~30 days.After mixed fermentation terminates, biomass composite is obtained.
Present invention also offers bio-based composite obtained in one kind preparation technology as described in above-mentioned technical proposal
Material.
The present invention is provided and additionally provides a kind of biomass composite using described in above-mentioned technical proposal as base
Fertilizer is applied to the application of Area of Chinese traditional medicinal materials planting.
In the application that the present invention is provided, the biomass composite is applied to Chinese medicine as base manure
Growing area.Wherein, applied amount of the biomass composite in Area of Chinese traditional medicinal materials planting is preferably
0.1~0.5kg/m2.In the present invention, the Area of Chinese traditional medicinal materials planting is preferred for the plant that plantation is used as medicine with root tuber
Physical property Chinese medicine, vegetalitas Chinese medicine including but not limited to pseudo-ginseng, the fleece-flower root and the ginseng being used as medicine with root tuber
In one or more.In the present invention, the Area of Chinese traditional medicinal materials planting applies during Chinese medicine is planted
Agricultural chemicals, the agricultural chemicals is preferably the bactericide for preventing soil from occupying venereal bacteria, described to prevent soil from occupying killing for venereal bacteria
Microbial inoculum includes but is not limited in procymidone 50WP, how mould spirit, Bravo, Difenoconazole and dimethomorph
Plant or various.
The biomass composite main component residual that the present invention is provided is a kind of alkaline, porous and with fragrance
Hydrocarbon is organic carbonaceous of primary structure, wherein the nutritional ingredient such as N, P, K for containing and other trace elements
Plant growth can be promoted for plant absorption.Mainly it is that the biological material passes through special physics knot
Structure and organic chemistry structure, sticking, controlled release are played to residues of pesticides organic matter and agron is fixed to
Effect.In addition, wooden in the later stage of composite organic-inorganic material composting is due to nitration reaction and Chinese medicine slag
The decomposition of the acidulous material such as cellulose family and tannin, causes composting environmental acidification, is unfavorable for that microorganism is numerous
Grow, now add biomass carbon, many spent acid of composting generation can be neutralized using the alkalescence of its ash content, also may be used
Avoid because ammonium nitrogen generation phase environment alkalizes during the composting that addition biomass carbon is caused too early, and then
Avoid due to the volatilization loss that available nitrogen excessively causes；Feces of livestock and poultry is organic in composite organic-inorganic material
Partial main component, can provide substrate for microbial mineralization effect；Chinese medicine slag is loose, ventilative, has
Sterilization, suppresses the effect of harmful levels of pathogens growth, can be microbial mineralization as " food " of microorganism
And humification is provided and provided powerful support for, for plant growth provides the nutritional ingredients such as N, P, K and organic matter；In
The dregs of a decoction can provide cellulose, lignin etc. with decomposed by microbial, promote microbial mineralization and humification to enter
Journey, promotes the decomposition reactor system of composite；Clay mineral shrinks in water suction during expansion dehydration, with guarantor
Water fertilizer conservation and controlled release, the effect of fixing agricultural chemicals, can improve the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of composite.
The biomass composite that the present invention is provided has the characteristics that and preferably：
The biomass composite of instinct invention, is compounded with organic matter and tool with absorption and chelation
Have reunite and physical absorption mineral matter, be compounded with stability organic matter with pore structure and with life
The active organic matter that thing is absorbed.Thus raising soil is reached by increasing active organic matter in soil
The effect of bioactivity, improves medicinal material plant growth and yield；Rush is reached by rock-steady structure organic matter
Enter soil agreegate effect, amplify various effects of the soil to pesticide molecule sticking, fixation and closing isolation,
Reach Slow-release effect and eliminate effect that residual is absorbed by soil Chinese medicine etc..Thus, the biomass of initiative
Composite has reached the good compound of soil effect.Specifically, after the material is applied, increased soil
Organic matter, can be decomposed by edaphon and utilize and increase biological activity of soil, it is possible to increase soil
Cation exchange capacity (CEC) and porosity, by distribution and adsorption mechanism, fixing are played to agricultural chemicals and are properly isolated from
Effect, reduces the valid density of Pesticide Residue in Soil, equivalent to enrichment, targeting, so not only may be used
To reduce agricultural chemicals leaching loss, its murder by poisoning to aquatile is reduced, eventually reduce agricultural chemicals to ecological environment
Destruction, and biomass composite be to this fixing of agricultural chemicals, isolation with it is similar mix, electrostatic force
And based on more loose, the reversible weak force such as physical absorption combines, slow releasing function is played, cause
Germ can utilize agricultural chemicals on the spot or by going deep into the mode such as pore interior of composite, improve target disease
Bacterium to the utilization rate of agricultural chemicals, so as to reach the purpose of sterilization, at the same root system of plant due to space obstacle and
The low obstruction of valid density of agricultural chemicals, bioavailability is low, effectively reduces the plant residue of agricultural chemicals.
In a word, there is the present invention raw material to be generally easy to get, material production low-carbon environment-friendly, cheap, using convenience,
Increase production and improve productivity, meet the advantages of agricultural is conventional to be produced.After biomass composite of the invention, one
Aspect can reduce the amount of application of Chinese medicine cultivation Pesticides, significantly reduce Chinese medicine Pesticide Residues；
On the other hand can increase soil fertility, reduce risk of environmental pollution, and be conducive to stalk and excrement etc. to give up
The recycling of gurry.
Test result indicate that, in the case of equal agricultural chemicals formulation rate, add the kind of biomass composite
The Pesticide-Polluted Soil amount highest in field is planted, while the Chinese medicine Pesticide Residues that the plantation field is planted are minimum,
After this explanation applies the biomass composite that the present embodiment is provided in soil, soil is inhaled to pesticide molecule
Hold, fixed and closing isolation effect is improved, so as to inhibit Chinese medicine for the absorption of Pesticide Residue in Soil, enter
And significantly reduce the residues of pesticides in Chinese medicine.
For the sake of becoming apparent from, it is described in detail below by following examples.
Embodiment 1
Prepare biomass composite
A, air-dried, the fragment thing for being broken into 2-3cm sizes to be dried is first dehydrated to Chinese medicine slag and rice straw；
B, by the above-mentioned broken dregs of a decoction and rice straw in mass ratio 20：After 50 mix, in closed limit oxygen
550 DEG C of charing 1h, are obtained composite biomass charcoal in system, cool down standby；
C, by air-dried pig manure and each 10kg of cow dung, air-dry dregs of a decoction 20kg, vermiculite 10kg and mix in water
It is even, the mixed material of water content 15wt% is obtained；
D, by mixed material using successively piling up, steady and sure mode compound heap is in heaps, then using sposh
And fine earth sealing stockpile, and plastic covering film, fermentation reactor system 25 days；Followed by turning, by every hundred kilograms
The addition of heap body addition 30kg continues fermentation reactor system 25 days to composite biomass charcoal is added in heap body,
Obtain biomass composite.
In the present embodiment, the Chinese medicine slag for using is pan-fried for the rhizome of pseudo-ginseng, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Aplotaxis auriculata and rhizoma Gastrodiae is used as medicine
The dregs of a decoction are obtained after boiling.
Biomass composite obtained above is applied to notoginseng planting field, amount of application 0.5kg/ as base manure
㎡, and the plantation field of the material will be applied be labeled as BC, using common organic fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate as base manure
Another two pieces of notoginseng planting Tanakas are applied to, successively labeled as M, P.It is another using blank group as control CK.Alkene
Morpholide and procymidone are managed according to pseudo-ginseng general planting and applied, i.e., the usage recommended above according to specification,
After consumption is prepared, spray, annual late April to late September is per week to be sprayed 1 time, and October sprays 1~2 again
Secondary, remaining time period does not go and buy Chinese medicine.After pseudo-ginseng harvests, the soil and pseudo-ginseng root tuber of each treatment are gathered,
And the residual quantity of soil and pseudo-ginseng root tuber Pesticides is measured, Fig. 1~Fig. 4 is as a result seen respectively, wherein, Fig. 1 is
The residual quantity block diagram of dimethomorph in the soil that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is provided, Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention 1
The residual quantity block diagram of procymidone in the soil of offer, Fig. 3 is the pseudo-ginseng root tuber that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is provided
The residual quantity block diagram of middle dimethomorph, Fig. 4 is procymidone in the pseudo-ginseng root tuber that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is provided
Residual quantity block diagram.Be can be seen that in the case of equal agricultural chemicals formulation rate by Fig. 1~Fig. 4, addition
Biomass composite plantation field Pesticide-Polluted Soil amount highest, while the plantation field planted three
Seven Pesticide Residues are minimum, and this explanation applies the biomass composite that the present embodiment is provided in soil
Afterwards, soil to pesticide molecule sticking, fixation and closing isolation effect improve, so as to inhibit pseudo-ginseng for
The absorption of Pesticide Residue in Soil, and then significantly reduce the residues of pesticides in pseudo-ginseng.
Embodiment 2
Prepare biomass composite
A, to Chinese medicine slag, wheat stalk and maize straw be dried treatment after, be cut into 2-3cm big
It is small broken section.
B, the Chinese medicine slag that will be shredded and stalk in mass ratio 40：After 60 mix, under the conditions of nitrogen-filled seal,
1.2h is carbonized at 450 DEG C, composite biomass charcoal is obtained, cooled down standby；
C, by air-dried horsehit 10kg, Chinese medicine slag 15kg and vermiculite 30kg in water be well mixed, be obtained contain
The mixed material of water 20wt%；
D, by compound using successively piling up, steady and sure mode compound heap is in heaps, then using sposh and
Fine earth seals stockpile, and plastic covering film, fermentation reactor system 22 days, turning is carried out, by every hundred kilograms of heaps
The addition of body addition 35kg continues fermentation reactor system 30 days to composite biomass charcoal is added in heap body, obtains
Obtain biomass composite.
In the present embodiment, Chinese medicine slag is that the rhizome of pseudo-ginseng, Radix Angelicae Sinensis etc. is used as medicine the dregs of a decoction after decocting.
Polygonum multiflorum planting area is applied to using composite organic-inorganic material as base manure, amount of application is 0.1kg/ ㎡.
Experiment find, using composite organic-inorganic material after, polygonum multiflorum planting process Pesticides can be substantially reduced
The amount of application of (carbendazim).
Embodiment 3
Prepare biomass composite
A, to Chinese medicine slag, maize straw, wheat stalk be dried treatment after, be cut into 2-3cm broken
Section.
B, the wooden Chinese medicine slag and stalk in mass ratio 35 that will be shredded：After 55 mix, in nitrogen-filled seal bar
Under part, 1.5h is carbonized at 250 DEG C, composite biomass charcoal is obtained, cooled down standby；
C, by air-dried chicken manure 15kg, Chinese medicine slag 10kg, montmorillonite 2 0kg are blended in uniform in water, are obtained
The mixed material of water content 25wt%；
D, by compound using successively piling up, steady and sure mode compound heap is in heaps, then using sposh and
Fine earth seals stockpile, and plastic covering film, fermentation reactor system 20 days, turning is carried out, by every hundred kilograms of heaps
The addition of body addition 32kg continues fermentation reactor system 20 days to composite biomass charcoal is added in heap body, obtains
Obtain biomass composite.
In the present embodiment, Chinese medicine slag is residual after being decocted for the root, stem and leaf of Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Aplotaxis auriculata, rhizoma Gastrodiae etc. is used as medicine
The dregs of a decoction for staying.
Experiment finds that be applied to ginseng planting area using composite organic-inorganic material as base manure, amount of application is
0.35kg/㎡.After using composite organic-inorganic material, ginseng planting's process Pesticides (hundred bacterium can be reduced
Clear or Difenoconazole) amount of application.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that general for the art
For logical technical staff, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvement and profit can also be made
Decorations, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation technology of biomass composite, comprises the following steps：
A), by Chinese medicine slag and stalk according to (20~40)：After the mass ratio mixing of (50~60), in nothing
Carbonized under the conditions of oxygen, obtained composite biomass charcoal；
By excrement, Chinese medicine slag and clay according to (10~20)：(10~20)：The mass ratio of (10~30)
Mix in water, obtain the compound that water content is 15~25wt%；The compound is fermented, and is obtained
Fermentation compound；
B), by the composite biomass charcoal and fermentation compound according to (30~35)：100 mass ratio is mixed
Fermentation is closed, biomass composite is obtained.
2. preparation technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step a), the charcoal
The temperature of change is 250~550 DEG C；The time of the charing is preferably 0.5~3h.
3. preparation technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step a), the hair
The time of ferment is 20~25 days.
4. preparation technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step b), it is described mixed
The time for closing fermentation is 20~30 days.
5. preparation technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Chinese medicine slag includes pseudo-ginseng
One or more in the dregs of a decoction, the Radix Angelicae Sinensis dregs of a decoction, the Aplotaxis auriculata dregs of a decoction and the rhizoma Gastrodiae dregs of a decoction.
6. biomass composite obtained in one kind preparation technology as described in any one of Claims 1 to 5.
7. the biomass composite described in claim 6 is applied to Area of Chinese traditional medicinal materials planting as base manure.
8. application according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the biomass composite is in
The applied amount of medicinal material growing area is 0.1~0.5kg/m2。
9. application according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the Area of Chinese traditional medicinal materials planting is used to plant
The vegetalitas Chinese medicine that plant is used as medicine with root tuber.
10. application according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the plant being used as medicine with root tuber
Property Chinese medicine be pseudo-ginseng.
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Application publication date: 20170704 |