CN106856930A - A kind of flue-cured tobacco Soybean Intercropping efficient cultivation method - Google Patents
A kind of flue-cured tobacco Soybean Intercropping efficient cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106856930A CN106856930A CN201710101922.5A CN201710101922A CN106856930A CN 106856930 A CN106856930 A CN 106856930A CN 201710101922 A CN201710101922 A CN 201710101922A CN 106856930 A CN106856930 A CN 106856930A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of flue-cured tobacco Soybean Intercropping efficient cultivation method, comprise the following steps：（1）Cigarette ground ridging preceding article basal dressing；（2）The in good time site preparation ridging in cigarette ground；（3）The covering with plastic film on the body of whole piece ridge；（4）Both sides open up two row's wells cellar for storing things formula and transplant hole on the top of ridge, and at two row's wells cellar for storing things, formula is transplanted hole intermediate zone and opens up two row's Crop Species plant holes again；（5）Well cellar for storing things formula transplants flue-cured tobacco, and cigarette strain transplants the surface that position is in bar basal dressing；（6）While flue-cured tobacco is transplanted, soybean is broadcast at two row's Crop Species plant hole midpoints；（7）Remaining to flue-cured tobacco and soybean by being normally managed；The present invention can alleviate influence of the southwest spring drought to tobacco growth, significantly reduce upper tobacco leaf nicotine content, significantly improve upper tobacco leaf potassium content, dramatically increase the richness and diversity of cigarette strain rhizosphere soil bacterial community, alleviate continuous cropping obstacle of cured tobacco, it is extra to increase peasant income, it is particularly suitable for being applied in Southwestern China area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of flue-cured tobacco Soybean Intercropping efficient cultivation method, belong to tobacco planting technical field.
Background technology
For Southwestern China area, flue-cured tobacco is important industrial crops.It has been found that at present in tobacco planting process
In there is problems with：
1st, spring drought problem.Southwest can often occur spring drought, and the normal growth of flue-cured tobacco can be influenceed to develop when serious, and flue-cured tobacco
Quality.Main at present to solve spring drought using many waterings, this kind of mode can cause greatly improving for production cost again.
2nd, flue-cured tobacco has that top nicotine content is higher.Nicotine content is to determine 1 of cured tobacco leaf availability most
Important indicator, with suitable nicotine content, its smoke smell alcohol and, strength is moderate, excitant is small.The nicotine of flue-cured tobacco upper tobacco leaf contains
Amount is advisable with 2%-3.5%, but the nicotine content of many cigarette district upper tobacco leafs of current China is too high, and up to 5% or so, this is caused
The strength of flue gas is excessive when portion tobacco leaf burns, excitant is too strong, seriously reduces the availability of upper tobacco leaf.In order to improve top
The availability of tobacco leaf, tobacco worker is improving planting density, reducing Nitrogen Application amount and is increasing the agronomic measures such as leaves remained
Aspect has done substantial amounts of trial, but the overstocked, Nitrogen Amount of plantation is too small and leaves remained excessively greatly reduces unit
The area output value, it is difficult to be widely popularized.
3rd, upper tobacco leaf potassium content is relatively low.Potassium is one of most important Quality Element of flue-cured tobacco.In order to keep preferably flammable
Property, potassium content in tobacco leaf is not lower than 2%, and China's tobacco leaf average content is 1%-2%, rarely exceeds 2%.According to research both at home and abroad, bake
Tobacco Leaves potassium content may be up to 8%, the potassium content in tobacco leaf of the U.S. and Zimbabwe is more in 4%-6%, and China's high-quality tobacco requirement contains
Potassium amount is not less than 2%.The potassium content for improving tobacco leaf especially upper tobacco leaf is the important ring for improving China's raw tobacco material level.
Measure in terms of upper tobacco leaf potassium content is improved at present：Have and improve upper tobacco leaf by toward being directly injected into reagent containing potassium in cigarette strain
The mode of potassium content；Also have and potassium content of tobacco leaf is improved by way of grafting cultivation；It is another have by reasonable employment nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer or
The method that the modes such as person's biological organic fertilizer improve potassium content of tobacco leaf, above means can increase the production cost of flue-cured tobacco.
4th, continuous cropping obstacle of cured tobacco problem.At present in the soil for planting flue-cured tobacco, its cigarette strain rhizosphere soil bacterial community it is rich
Fu Du and diversity can decline to a great extent, thus the improper coming year plant flue-cured tobacco again, can otherwise be made to quality of tobacco and yield
Into certain influence.
In addition, in order to increase economic efficiency, when flue-cured tobacco is planted, people can also interplant some industrial crops.But often because
The interplanting crops of selection, nixed planting there are problems that such or such, and these are interplanted and not can solve above-mentioned asking
Topic.Therefore, a kind of inter-cropping high-efficiency cultural method for effectively solving the above problems is studied to have important practical significance.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：A kind of flue-cured tobacco Soybean Intercropping efficient cultivation method is provided, the method can
Alleviate influence of the southwest spring drought to tobacco growth, significantly reduce upper tobacco leaf nicotine content, hence it is evident that improve upper tobacco leaf potassium
Content, significantly improves the richness and diversity of cigarette strain rhizosphere soil bacterial community, to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
Technical scheme：A kind of flue-cured tobacco Soybean Intercropping efficient cultivation method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Cigarette ground ridging preceding article basal dressing；
（2）The in good time site preparation ridging in cigarette ground, ridge top is slightly put down, ridge body height 25-30cm, ridge bottom width degree 180-250cm；
（3）The covering with plastic film on the body of whole piece ridge；
（4）Both sides open up two row's wells cellar for storing things formula and transplant hole on the top of ridge, and two row's wells cellar for storing things formula transplants hole rows away from 130-140 cm, pitch-row
50-55cm, at two row's wells cellar for storing things, formula is transplanted hole intermediate zone and opens up two row's Crop Species plant holes again；
（5）Well cellar for storing things formula transplants flue-cured tobacco, and cigarette strain transplants the surface that position is in bar basal dressing；
（6）While flue-cured tobacco is transplanted, soybean is broadcast at two row's Crop Species plant hole midpoints；
（7）Remaining to flue-cured tobacco and soybean by being normally managed.
The soybean varieties are resistance to concealment, precocity, the soybean varieties of short bar, it is preferable that the soybean varieties are Guizhou Province beans 5
Number.
The Crop Species plant hole transplants the cm of pitch of holes 0.4-0.45 with adjacent row well cellar for storing things formula.
The program request 2-3 soybean in each Crop Species plant hole.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：
1st, spring drought is alleviated.When soybean growth comes to form vegetative coverage, drought resisting and the effect of culture fertility can be effectively played, carried
The yield of tobacco output value high, improves quality of tobacco.Bean plant is with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, can form the space of relative concealment in flue-cured tobacco bottom,
Make moisture in tobacco-growing soil will not rapid evaporation, with preferably soil moisture conservation, drought resistance function.Prosperous long-term survey is tested through applicant
It is fixed, make that soybean treatment soil water content is neter than flue-cured tobacco to be made to increase by 23.8%.
2nd, upper tobacco leaf nicotine content is reduced.Between the legume made can absorb unnecessary nitrogen nutrition in soil, it is special
It is not in flue-cured tobacco late growth stage.Tested through applicant, compared with flue-cured tobacco nonoculture, make the upper tobacco leaf nicotine content of soybean treatment
Numerical value can significantly reduce 0.6.
3rd, the potassium content of upper tobacco leaf is improved.Compared with flue-cured tobacco nonoculture, the flue-cured tobacco potassium content numerical value for making soybean treatment can
To significantly improve 0.26.Because making soybean can promote the change of rhizosphere pH, the content of each layer available nutrient is improve,
Increased the utilization rate of the vendor selection soil nutrient of soil.
4 compare with flue-cured tobacco nonoculture, flue-cured tobacco Soybean Intercropping be conducive to increase cigarette strain rhizosphere soil bacterial community richness and
Diversity, alleviates continuous cropping obstacle of cured tobacco.Because flue-cured tobacco and the root system reciprocation for making soil microcell promote root long and lateral root number
Increase, Iron nutrition is improved, the formation and porosity for promoting soil granular structure improve, and the bioactivity for improving soil is strong
Degree is relevant.
Test data is as shown in table 1：Sample sequencing corresponding library coverage rate more than 98%, Alpha diversity analysis
In, Ace and Chao indexes can reflect the richness of soil bacterial community, and Shannon indexes reflect soil bacterial community
Diversity.With flue-cured tobacco nonoculture ratio, Ace the and Chao indexes made between testing site 1 significantly improve 11.98% and 13.93%, examination respectively
Test a little 3 to significantly improve 6.05% and 7.0% respectively, testing site 2 and 4 is also obviously improved；Compare with flue-cured tobacco nonoculture, testing site
Be significantly increased Shannon indexes between 1-4, and 15.01%, 3.13%, 6.75% and 1.28% is increased respectively.
5th, a soybean for making can make full use of the superfluous fertilizer in flue-cured tobacco late growth stage soil without enriching fertilizer in addition,
Itself fixed nitrogen effect fertilizer can be utilized again, so as to improve fertilizer utilization efficiency.
6th, making soybean can improve the output capacity in soil, extra to increase tobacco grower's income.Between make soybean Economy benefit survey
Calculate：G/ plants of soybean 45, mu plants 3000 plants, and the kg of per mu yield 135,7 yuan/kg of market price, per mu yield value can reach 945 yuan.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, present invention work is further retouched in detail below
State.
Flue-cured tobacco Soybean Intercropping efficient cultivation method is comprised the following steps：
（1）Cigarette ground ridging preceding article basal dressing；
（2）The in good time site preparation ridging in cigarette ground, ridge top is slightly put down, ridge body height 25-30cm, ridge bottom width degree 180-250cm；
（3）The covering with plastic film on the body of whole piece ridge；
（4）Both sides open up two row's wells cellar for storing things formula and transplant hole on the top of ridge, and two row's wells cellar for storing things formula transplants hole rows away from 130-140 cm, pitch-row
50-55cm, at two row's wells cellar for storing things, formula is transplanted hole intermediate zone and opens up two row's Crop Species plant holes, Crop Species plant hole and adjacent row Jing Jiao again
Formula transplants the cm of pitch of holes 0.4-0.45；
（5）Well cellar for storing things formula transplants flue-cured tobacco, and cigarette strain transplants the surface that position is in bar basal dressing, the local main breed of flue-cured tobacco selection
（Such as cloud and mist 87）, leaves remained is 18-20 pieces；
（6）While flue-cured tobacco is transplanted, 2-3 soybean is broadcast at two row's Crop Species plant hole midpoints, soybean varieties are resistance to concealment, morning
The soybean varieties of ripe, short bar（Such as Guizhou Province beans 5）；
（7）By being normally managed to flue-cured tobacco and soybean, i.e., cured tobacco production link is with reference to related cured tobacco production technical regulation for remaining
Carry out.
The above, specific embodiment only of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is any
Those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, change or replacement can be readily occurred in, should all contain
Cover within protection scope of the present invention, therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of flue-cured tobacco Soybean Intercropping cultural method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Cigarette ground ridging preceding article basal dressing；
（2）The in good time site preparation ridging in cigarette ground, ridge top is slightly put down, ridge body height 25-30cm, ridge bottom width degree 180-250cm；
（3）The covering with plastic film on the body of whole piece ridge；
（4）Both sides open up two row's wells cellar for storing things formula and transplant hole on the top of ridge, and two row's wells cellar for storing things formula transplants hole rows away from 130-140 cm, pitch-row
50-55cm, at two row's wells cellar for storing things, formula is transplanted hole intermediate zone and opens up two row's Crop Species plant holes again；
（5）Well cellar for storing things formula transplants flue-cured tobacco, and cigarette strain transplants the surface that position is in bar basal dressing；
（6）While flue-cured tobacco is transplanted, soybean is broadcast at two row's Crop Species plant hole midpoints；
（7）Remaining to flue-cured tobacco and soybean by being normally managed.
2. flue-cured tobacco Soybean Intercropping cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The soybean varieties are resistance to shade
Cover, the soybean varieties of precocious, short bar.
3. flue-cured tobacco Soybean Intercropping cultural method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The soybean varieties are Guizhou Province beans 5
Number.
4. flue-cured tobacco Soybean Intercropping cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The Crop Species plant hole with it is adjacent
Row's well cellar for storing things formula transplants pitch of holes 0.4-0.45 cm.
5. flue-cured tobacco Soybean Intercropping cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The point in each Crop Species plant hole
Broadcast 2-3 soybean.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710101922.5A CN106856930B (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2017-02-24 | Efficient intercropping cultivation method for flue-cured tobacco and soybeans |
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| CN201710101922.5A CN106856930B (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2017-02-24 | Efficient intercropping cultivation method for flue-cured tobacco and soybeans |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107853062A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-03-30 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | It is a kind of to comprehensively utilize flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating nutrient solution and greenhouse to plant the method for grape |
| CN108029540A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-05-15 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | A kind of method using flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating seedling in greenhouse raffinate plantation watermelon |
| CN113973679A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-01-28 | 山东日照烟草有限公司 | Cultivation and planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and salvia miltiorrhiza |
| CN115997633A (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2023-04-25 | 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司汇川分公司 | Method for interplanting flue-cured tobacco and radix bupleuri |
| CN116171820A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-05-30 | 贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司 | Large-field planting method for relieving continuous cropping obstacle of flue-cured tobacco |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107853062A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-03-30 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | It is a kind of to comprehensively utilize flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating nutrient solution and greenhouse to plant the method for grape |
| CN108029540A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-05-15 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | A kind of method using flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating seedling in greenhouse raffinate plantation watermelon |
| CN113973679A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-01-28 | 山东日照烟草有限公司 | Cultivation and planting method for intercropping flue-cured tobacco and salvia miltiorrhiza |
| CN116171820A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-05-30 | 贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司 | Large-field planting method for relieving continuous cropping obstacle of flue-cured tobacco |
| CN115997633A (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2023-04-25 | 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司汇川分公司 | Method for interplanting flue-cured tobacco and radix bupleuri |
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