CN106613193A - Method for controlling dehiscence of physalis fruits - Google Patents
Method for controlling dehiscence of physalis fruits Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106613193A CN106613193A CN201611127676.2A CN201611127676A CN106613193A CN 106613193 A CN106613193 A CN 106613193A CN 201611127676 A CN201611127676 A CN 201611127676A CN 106613193 A CN106613193 A CN 106613193A
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- fruit
- physalis
- dehiscence
- wintercherry
- ftractures
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for controlling dehiscence of physalis fruits. The method comprises the following steps: performing field management to physalis plants from the following three aspects: (1) water and fertilizer management: during fruit expansion, watering once thoroughly and spraying 0.2%-0.3% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and 0.2%-0.3% of borax onto leave surfaces, and spraying 0.3%-0.5% of calcium chloride solution onto leaf surfaces before one week of mature fruits, so as to prevent dehiscence; (2) plant adjustment: trimming by adopting a manner of three trunks and binding vines, performing tip pruning in time, and removing excessive lateral branches and lower leaves so as to facilitate ventilation and transmittance and prevent dehiscence; and (3) environment regulation: culturing physalis fruits in the open field, if encountering raining or strong sunshine during fruit expansion, temporarily building a rain shelter greenhouse or shade; and culturing physalis fruits in the greenhouse, needing artificial light supplement when in insufficient lighting, and supplementing light with red-blue LED light sources to prevent dehiscence, wherein yellow light or green light irradiation easily causes dehiscence. Through adopting the method, the dehiscence of the physalis fruits can be effectively prevented and controlled, the appearance quality of the physalis fruits can be improved, and the waste caused by dehiscence can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural cultivation administrative skill field, more particularly to a kind of method of control Fruit of Physalis cracking.
Background technology
Wintercherry fruit, also known as franchet groundcherry persistent calyx or fruit, wintercherry fruit or calyx, physalis pubescens are that plant of Solanaceae wintercherry is dried place calyx or the place with fruit
Calyx.Cause and effect is rich in fact nutrition, and pharmacodynamic feature is notable and price is high, and various places are all in Introduction And Trial.In cultivation, if management is not
When plant inside mineral nutrition is uneven or external environment condition is uncomfortable, easily causes ripening fruits cracking in the calyx of wintercherry fruit place, has a strong impact on
Its commodity performance.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the problem of ripening fruits cracking in the calyx of wintercherry fruit place, it is an object of the invention to：A kind of control is provided
The method of Fruit of Physalis cracking, to improve the exterior quality of its commodity, reduces dehiscent fruit and causes unnecessary waste.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of method of control Fruit of Physalis cracking, from water and fertilizer management, Plant adjustment, environment conditioning in terms of these three to acid
Berry plant carries out field management：
(1) water and fertilizer management aspect：During Fruit, permeable and foliage-spray 0.2%-0.3% phosphoric acid is poured once
The borax of dihydro potassium solution and 0.2%-0.3%, fruit maturation the last week, the calcium chloride solution of foliage-spray 0.3%-0.5%,
Can anti-fruit-cracking；
(2) Plant adjustment aspect：Prune and implement to tie up climing using three dry types, pinch in time and extract unnecessary side shoot and under
Portion's blade, with sharp ventilation and penetrating light, anti-fruit-cracking；
(3) environment conditioning aspect：Outdoor cropping wintercherry fruit, if meeting rainfall or high light during Fruit, need to take temporarily
Build lew or shelter from heat or light；Booth cultivation wintercherry fruit, illumination needs artificially feed when not enough, and carrying out light filling with red and blue LED light source can
Anti-fruit-cracking, gold-tinted or green glow irradiate easy dehiscent fruit.
Preferentially, the ratio of red blue light is 3: 1 in described red and blue LED light source.
Preferentially, described wintercherry fruit plant is colonized after latest frost phase early or mid April, per 667m2Field planting wintercherry
Fruit 3400-3600 strains.
Preferentially, the concrete grammar of described water and fertilizer management is as follows：
After field planting slow seedling, chase after with reference to watering and urge seed manure, spread manuer in holes urea 10kg/667m2, behind plant envelope ridge, then Nitrogen Top Dressing
10kg/667m2And pour once permeable；Florescence sprays the anti-fallen flowers of gibberellin of 15mg/L, while imposing NPK 15kg/
667m2, to promote fruit development and plant strain growth；During Fruit, permeable and foliage-spray 0.2%-0.3% is poured once
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.2%-0.3% borax, fruit maturation the last week, the chlorination of foliage-spray 0.3%-0.5%
Calcium solution, can anti-fruit-cracking；Meanwhile, cutworm is prevented and treated with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid irrigating roots, with 25% triadimefon 800-
The 600 times of liquid sprayings of 1000 times of liquid or 75% Bravo wettable powder prevent and treat hoja blanca.
Preferentially, during described wintercherry fruit Fruit variety, selection is difficult high excellent of dehiscent fruit, strong stress resistance, quality better, yield
Non-defective unit kind, it is preferable that from big five ribs physalis pubescens.
Preferentially, the detailed process of described wintercherry fruit nursery is as follows：
After wintercherry fruit seed is exposed to the sun 2-3 days in the sunlight, 55 DEG C of temperature scalds seed soaking, after being cooled to room temperature, rubs seed
, then use Seed soaking 15h, period changes water 3-4 time, pulls out 2-3 time, then 10min anti-bacterias are soaked with 1% potassium permanganate liquid
Vernalization 3-4d in 28 DEG C of insulating box is placed on after being mixed thoroughly with fine sand afterwards, period wants Jing often to stir seed and clean 2 daily with warm water
It is secondary, sow after 80% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；Seedbed selects the plot of the vegetables for not planting solanaceous vegetables, applies decomposed manure
2000kg/667m2, composite fertilizer 30kg/667m2, it is shallow to turn over, rake and do the flat furrow of 1m width；Pour it is permeable after sow seeds, earthing 1cm after sowing seeds,
Covering film simultaneously adds a cover Small plastic shed heat and moisture preserving, and sowing quantity is 350g/667m2；Keep 25-27 DEG C daytime, 12-15 DEG C of night, bed
Temperature is kept for more than 8 DEG C, and mulch film is thrown off after emerging, seedling separation when 2-3 piece true leaves, and seedling-slowing stage hides high light 2-3d, is colonized first 1 week and is refined
Seedling, seedling age 48-52d.
Preferentially, the detailed process of site preparation and fertilization is as follows after described wintercherry fruit nursery：
Select that physical features is flat, fertility is good, loosing soil, excessively drained field, outdoor cropping or booth cultivation can be built,
Front stubble is selected as green onion garlic stubble, corn stubble, arrish, paddy rice stubble, implementation crop rotation in more than 3 years；Apply well-rotted farmyard manure 2000kg/
667m2, plough deeply, shine cut down after do high ridge, overlay film insulation soil moisture conservation.
Preferentially, described wintercherry fruit harvesting is comprised the following steps that：
After etc. wintercherry fruit maturation, can come off naturally, artificial pickup harvests.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is：
By method of the invention, it is possible to effectively prevent from controlling Fruit of Physalis cracking, improve the exterior quality of wintercherry fruit,
Reduce dehiscent fruit and cause unnecessary waste.
Embodiment 1
Following steps are adopted when wintercherry fruit is planted, the cracking of wintercherry fruit can be controlled：
1st, Fruit variety
Selection is difficult the high improved seeds of dehiscent fruit, strong stress resistance, quality better, yield, such as especially big five ribs physalis pubescens.
2nd, nursery
After wintercherry fruit seed is exposed to the sun 2-3 days in the sunlight, 55 DEG C of temperature scalds seed soaking, after being cooled to room temperature, rubs seed
, then use Seed soaking 15h, period changes water 3-4 time, pulls out 2-3 time, then 10min anti-bacterias are soaked with 1% potassium permanganate liquid
Vernalization 3-4d in 28 DEG C of insulating box is placed on after being mixed thoroughly with fine sand afterwards, period wants Jing often to stir seed and clean 2 daily with warm water
It is secondary, sow after 80% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；Seedbed selects the plot of the vegetables for not planting solanaceous vegetables, applies decomposed manure
2000kg/667m2, composite fertilizer 30kg/667m2, it is shallow to turn over, rake and do the flat furrow of 1m width；Pour it is permeable after sow seeds, earthing 1cm after sowing seeds,
Covering film simultaneously adds a cover Small plastic shed heat and moisture preserving, and sowing quantity is 350g/667m2；Keep 25-27 DEG C daytime, 12-15 DEG C of night, bed
Temperature is kept for more than 8 DEG C, and mulch film is thrown off after emerging, seedling separation when 2-3 piece true leaves, and seedling-slowing stage hides high light 2-3d, is colonized first 1 week and is refined
Seedling, seedling age 48-52d.
3rd, site preparation and fertilization
Select that physical features is flat, fertility is good, loosing soil, excessively drained field, outdoor cropping or booth cultivation can be built,
Front stubble is selected as green onion garlic stubble, corn stubble, arrish, paddy rice stubble, implementation crop rotation in more than 3 years；Apply well-rotted farmyard manure 2000kg/
667m2, plough deeply, shine cut down after do high ridge, overlay film insulation soil moisture conservation.
4th, field management
(1) water and fertilizer management aspect：During Fruit, permeable and foliage-spray 0.2%-0.3% phosphoric acid is poured once
The borax of dihydro potassium solution and 0.2%-0.3%, fruit maturation the last week, the calcium chloride solution of foliage-spray 0.3%-0.5%,
Can anti-fruit-cracking；
Preferably, water and fertilizer management adopts following steps：After field planting slow seedling, chase after with reference to watering and urge seed manure, spread manuer in holes urea 10kg/
667m2, behind plant envelope ridge, then Nitrogen Top Dressing 10kg/667m2And pour once permeable；Florescence sprays the anti-fallen flowers of gibberellin of 15mg/L,
Impose NPK 15kg/667m simultaneously2, to promote fruit development and plant strain growth；During Fruit, pour once permeable
And the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of foliage-spray 0.2%-0.3% and the borax of 0.2%-0.3%, fruit maturation the last week, leaf
Face sprays the calcium chloride solution of 0.3%-0.5%, can anti-fruit-cracking；Meanwhile, with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid irrigating root preventing and treatings
Cutworm, with the 600 times of liquid sprayings of 800-1000 times of liquid of 25% triadimefon or 75% Bravo wettable powder hoja blanca is prevented and treated；
(2) Plant adjustment aspect：Prune and implement to tie up climing using three dry types, pinch in time and extract unnecessary side shoot and under
Portion's blade, with sharp ventilation and penetrating light, anti-fruit-cracking；
(3) environment conditioning aspect：Outdoor cropping wintercherry fruit, if meeting rainfall or high light during Fruit, need to take temporarily
Build lew or shelter from heat or light；Booth cultivation wintercherry fruit, illumination needs artificially feed when not enough, and carrying out light filling with red and blue LED light source can
Anti-fruit-cracking, gold-tinted or green glow irradiate easy dehiscent fruit.
Preferably, described wintercherry fruit plant is colonized after latest frost phase early or mid April, per 667m2Field planting wintercherry
Fruit 3400-3600 strains.
5th, harvest
After wintercherry fruit maturation, can come off naturally, outer Su Huae is withered and yellow for mellow fruit, and fruit is faint yellow, can using said method
Control dehiscent fruit, aromatic flavour, performance optimal can manually pick up results.
Wherein, percentage referred to above is mass percent.
The method of the present invention is respectively adopted to be managed with conventional method, the data of the Fruit of Physalis cracks control rate for obtaining
It is as shown in table 1 below：As it can be seen from table 1 being capable of the generation of effective control Fruit of Physalis cracking using the method for the present invention.
The different managerial skills of table 1 are to preventing Fruit of Physalis cracks control rate
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method that control Fruit of Physalis ftractures, it is characterised in that：From water and fertilizer management, Plant adjustment, environment conditioning this three
Individual aspect carries out field management to wintercherry fruit plant：
(1) water and fertilizer management aspect：During Fruit, permeable and foliage-spray 0.2%-0.3% biphosphate is poured once
The borax of potassium solution and 0.2%-0.3%, fruit maturation the last week, the calcium chloride solution of foliage-spray 0.3%-0.5% can be prevented
Dehiscent fruit；
(2) Plant adjustment aspect：Prune and implement to tie up climing using three dry types, pinch and extract unnecessary side shoot and inferior leads in time
Piece, with sharp ventilation and penetrating light, anti-fruit-cracking；
(3) environment conditioning aspect：Outdoor cropping wintercherry fruit, if meeting rainfall or high light during Fruit, need to temporarily build and keep away
Awning shelters from heat or light；Booth cultivation wintercherry fruit, illumination needs artificially feed when not enough, and carrying out light filling with red and blue LED light source can anticracking
Really, gold-tinted or green glow irradiate easy dehiscent fruit.
2. the method that control Fruit of Physalis according to claim 1 ftractures, it is characterised in that：Described red and blue LED light source
In red blue light ratio be 3：1.
3. the method that control Fruit of Physalis according to claim 1 ftractures, it is characterised in that：Described wintercherry fruit plant exists
It is colonized after latest frost phase early or mid April, per 667m2Field planting wintercherry fruit 3400-3600 strains.
4. the method that control Fruit of Physalis according to claim 1 ftractures, it is characterised in that：The tool of described water and fertilizer management
Body method is as follows：
After field planting slow seedling, chase after with reference to watering and urge seed manure, spread manuer in holes urea 10kg/667m2, behind plant envelope ridge, then Nitrogen Top Dressing 10kg/
667m2And pour once permeable；Florescence sprays the anti-fallen flowers of gibberellin of 15mg/L, while imposing NPK 15kg/667m2, to promote
Enter fruit development and plant strain growth；During Fruit, permeable and foliage-spray 0.2%-0.3% biphosphate is poured once
The borax of potassium solution and 0.2%-0.3%, fruit maturation the last week, the calcium chloride solution of foliage-spray 0.3%-0.5% can be prevented
Dehiscent fruit；Meanwhile, prevent and treat cutworms with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid irrigating roots, with 800-1000 times of liquid of 25% triadimefon or
The spraying of 75% 600 times of Bravo wettable powder liquid prevents and treats hoja blanca.
5. the method that control Fruit of Physalis according to claim 1 ftractures, it is characterised in that：Described wintercherry fruit kind choosing
When selecting, selection is difficult the high improved seeds of dehiscent fruit, strong stress resistance, quality better, yield.
6. the method that control Fruit of Physalis according to claim 5 ftractures, it is characterised in that：Described wintercherry fruit kind choosing
With big five ribs physalis pubescens.
7. the method that control Fruit of Physalis according to claim 1 ftractures, it is characterised in that：Described wintercherry fruit nursery
Detailed process is as follows：
After wintercherry fruit seed is exposed to the sun 2-3 days in the sunlight, 55 DEG C of temperature scalds seed soaking, after being cooled to room temperature, rubs seed 2-3
It is secondary, then 10min anti-bacterias are soaked with 1% potassium permanganate liquid, then use Seed soaking 15h, period changes water 3-4 time, after pulling out
Vernalization 3-4d in 28 DEG C of insulating box is placed on after being mixed thoroughly with fine sand, period wants Jing often to stir seed and cleaned daily 2 times with warm water,
Sow after 80% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；Seedbed selects the plot of the vegetables for not planting solanaceous vegetables, applies decomposed manure 2000kg/
667m2, composite fertilizer 30kg/667m2, it is shallow to turn over, rake and do the flat furrow of 1m width；Pour it is permeable after sow seeds, earthing 1cm after sowing seeds, covering film is simultaneously
Small plastic shed heat and moisture preserving is added a cover, sowing quantity is 350g/667m2；Keep 25-27 DEG C daytime, 12-15 DEG C of night, bed temperature is kept for 8 DEG C
More than, mulch film is thrown off after emerging, seedling separation when 2-3 piece true leaves, seedling-slowing stage hides high light 2-3d, is colonized front 1 week hardening, seedling age 48-
52d。
8. the method that control Fruit of Physalis according to claim 1 ftractures, it is characterised in that：After described wintercherry fruit nursery
The detailed process of site preparation and fertilization is as follows：
Select that physical features is flat, fertility is good, loosing soil, excessively drained field, outdoor cropping or booth cultivation can be built, front stubble
Select as green onion garlic stubble, corn stubble, arrish, paddy rice stubble, implementation crop rotation in more than 3 years；Apply well-rotted farmyard manure 2000kg/667m2, it is deep
Turn over, shine cut down after do high ridge, overlay film insulation soil moisture conservation.
9. the method that control Fruit of Physalis according to claim 1 ftractures, it is characterised in that：Described wintercherry fruit harvesting tool
Body step is as follows：After etc. wintercherry fruit maturation, can come off naturally, artificial pickup harvests.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611127676.2A CN106613193B (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2016-12-09 | Method for controlling fruit cracking of physalis alkekengi |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611127676.2A CN106613193B (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2016-12-09 | Method for controlling fruit cracking of physalis alkekengi |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109006247A (en) * | 2018-07-28 | 2018-12-18 | 普定县石阶农业开发有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of mushroom ma fruit |
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| CN104838760A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-08-19 | 合浦县公馆镇香山村马拉坡鸡嘴荔枝农民专业合作社 | Method for preventing cracking of chicken beak litchis |
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2016
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1739334A (en) * | 2005-08-22 | 2006-03-01 | 刘秀才 | Asexual propagation method for groundcherry |
| CN104838760A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-08-19 | 合浦县公馆镇香山村马拉坡鸡嘴荔枝农民专业合作社 | Method for preventing cracking of chicken beak litchis |
| CN104876767A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2015-09-02 | 肥东联湾家庭农场 | Silicate bacterial fertilizer with high effective viable count and preparation method thereof |
| CN104871778A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-09-02 | 杨定海 | Cape gooseberry seedling cultivation method |
| CN105684738A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-06-22 | 张月强 | Sunlight greenhouse tomato culture method |
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| CN109006247A (en) * | 2018-07-28 | 2018-12-18 | 普定县石阶农业开发有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of mushroom ma fruit |
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| CN106613193B (en) | 2021-01-12 |
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