CN106571432A - 包装材料、壳体及蓄电装置 - Google Patents
包装材料、壳体及蓄电装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106571432A CN106571432A CN201610848293.8A CN201610848293A CN106571432A CN 106571432 A CN106571432 A CN 106571432A CN 201610848293 A CN201610848293 A CN 201610848293A CN 106571432 A CN106571432 A CN 106571432A
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- heat
- packaging material
- layer
- resistant resin
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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Abstract
本发明涉及包装材料、壳体及蓄电装置。所述包装材料为下述结构:包含作为外侧层的耐热性树脂层2、作为内侧层的热熔接性树脂层3、和配置在这两层之间的金属箔层4,耐热性树脂层2由热水收缩率为1.5%~12%的耐热树脂膜形成,耐热性树脂层2与金属箔层4介由外侧粘合剂层5而粘合,所述外侧粘合剂层5由氨基甲酸酯粘合剂形成,所述氨基甲酸酯粘合剂包含多羟基化合物、多官能异氰酸酯化合物、和在1个分子中具有多个可与异氰酸酯基反应的官能团的脂肪族化合物。通过所述结构,能够制成即使进行成型深度深的成型也能充分抑制脱层、并且不产生针孔等、可确保优异的成型性的包装材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及例如二次电池(例如锂离子二次电池等)等蓄电装置的包装材料(外包装材料)、合适地用作壳体的包装材料、壳体、或合适地用作食品的包装材料、医化学品的包装材料的包装材料、以及经这些包装材料或/和壳体进行外包装而形成的蓄电装置。
需要说明的是,在本说明书及权利要求书中,术语“铝”以包含铝及其合金的含义来使用。
背景技术
锂离子二次电池被广泛用作例如笔记本电脑、录像机、手机、电动车等的电源。作为该锂离子二次电池,使用的是用壳体将电池主体部(包括正极、负极及电解质的主体部)的周围包围的结构。作为该壳体用材料(外包装材料),将由耐热性树脂膜形成的外层、铝箔层、由热塑性树脂膜形成的内层依序粘合一体化而得到的结构是已知的。
例如,已知有下述包装材料:其是具有由树脂膜形成的内层、第1粘合剂层、金属层、第2粘合剂层、及由树脂膜形成的外层的层合型包装材料,其中,所述第1粘合剂层及第2粘合剂层中的至少一者由下述粘合剂组合物形成,所述粘合剂组合物以在侧链具有活性氢基团的树脂、多官能异氰酸酯类、及多官能胺化合物为必须成分(参见专利文献1)。
另外,已知有下述电池壳体用包装材料:至少在铝箔的一面上层压厚度为9~50μm的聚酰胺膜或聚酯膜,并且至少将厚度为9~50μm的聚丙烯、马来酸改性聚丙烯、乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物或离子交联聚合物树脂的膜层压在最外侧,所述电池壳体用包装材料是使用直到聚酰胺膜或聚酯膜在拉伸试验中的4个方向(0°、45°、90°及135°)上发生断裂为止的拉伸强度为150N/mm2以上、且4个方向上的伸长率为80%以上的聚酰胺或聚酯膜而形成的(参见专利文献2)。
专利文献1:日本特开2008-287971号公报
专利文献2:日本特开2000-123800号公报
发明内容
然而,就上述专利文献1、2中记载的技术而言,无法同时实现作为包装材料的充分的耐热性和优异的成型性。
另外,对于专利文献1中记载的包装材料而言,在进行成型深度深的成型时,易于在金属箔层与外侧树脂层之间发生脱层(delamination)(剥离),在高温多湿等严酷环境下使用时,易于在金属箔层与外侧树脂层之间发生脱层。
另外,对于专利文献2中记载的包装材料而言,存在如下问题:若进行成型深度深的成型,则应力集中于金属箔的局部,易于产生针孔、裂纹。
本发明是鉴于上述技术背景而完成的,其目的在于提供包装材料及壳体,所述包装材料及壳体不仅具有耐热性,而且即使进行成型深度深的成型也不会产生针孔、裂纹,能够确保优异的成型性,并且,即使进行成型深度深的成型或在高温多湿等严酷环境下使用,也能充分抑制脱层(剥离)。另外,本发明的目的在于提供经这样的包装材料或/和壳体进行外包装而形成的蓄电装置。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供以下的手段。
[1]一种包装材料,其包含作为外侧层的耐热性树脂层、作为内侧层的热熔接性树脂层、和配置在这两层之间的金属箔层,其特征在于,
所述耐热性树脂层由热水收缩率为1.5%~12%的耐热性树脂膜形成,
所述耐热性树脂层与所述金属箔层介由外侧粘合剂层而粘合,
所述外侧粘合剂层由氨基甲酸酯粘合剂形成,所述氨基甲酸酯粘合剂包含多羟基化合物(polyol)、多官能异氰酸酯化合物、和在1个分子中具有多个可与异氰酸酯基反应的官能团的脂肪族化合物。
[2]根据前项1所述的包装材料,其中,所述多羟基化合物为聚酯多元醇。
[3]根据前项2所述的包装材料,其中,所述聚酯多元醇包含二羧酸成分,所述二羧酸成分含有芳香族二羧酸,所述二羧酸成分中的所述芳香族二羧酸的含有率为40摩尔%~80摩尔%。
[4]根据前项1~3中任一项所述的包装材料,其中,所述脂肪族化合物为多元醇(polyalcohol)。
[5]根据前项1~4中任一项所述的包装材料,其中,所述外侧粘合剂层包含选自由氨基甲酸酯键、酯键、脲键、脲基甲酸酯键、缩二脲键及酰胺键组成的组中的至少一种的键。
[6]根据前项1~5中任一项所述的包装材料,其中,在所述耐热性树脂层与所述外侧粘合剂层之间配置有易粘合层。
[7]根据前项6所述的包装材料,其中,所述易粘合层含有选自由环氧树脂、氨基甲酸酯树脂、丙烯酸酯树脂、甲基丙烯酸酯树脂及聚乙烯亚胺树脂组成的组中的1种或2种以上的树脂。
[8]根据前项1~7中任一项所述的包装材料,其中,所述氨基甲酸酯粘合剂的固化膜的杨氏模量为90MPa~400MPa。
[9]一种壳体,其是由前项1~8中任一项所述的包装材料的成型体形成的。
[10]一种壳体的制造方法,其特征在于,对前项1~8中任一项所述的包装材料进行深拉深成型或鼓凸成型。
[11]一种蓄电装置,其特征在于,具有蓄电装置主体部、和由前项1~8中任一项所述的包装材料及/或前项9所述的壳体形成的外包装部件,
所述蓄电装置主体部经所述外包装部件进行外包装。
[12]一种包装材料的制造方法,其特征在于,包括下述工序:
准备层合物的工序,所述层合物包含作为外侧层的耐热性树脂层、作为内侧层的热熔接性树脂层、和配置在这两层之间的金属箔层,所述耐热性树脂层由热水收缩率为1.5%~12%的耐热性树脂膜形成,所述热熔接性树脂层与所述金属箔层介由固化型内侧粘合剂而粘合,所述耐热性树脂层与所述金属箔层介由固化型外侧粘合剂而粘合,所述固化型外侧粘合剂包含多羟基化合物、多官能异氰酸酯化合物、和在1个分子中具有多个可与异氰酸酯基反应的官能团的脂肪族化合物;和
老化(aging)处理工序,通过在37℃~55℃范围的温度下对所述层合物进行加热老化处理,从而使所述固化型内侧粘合剂及所述固化型外侧粘合剂固化。
[13]根据前项12所述的包装材料的制造方法,其中,所述固化型内侧粘合剂为热固化型丙烯酸粘合剂。
就项[1]的发明而言,由于是作为外侧层的耐热性树脂层由热水收缩率为1.5%~12%的耐热性树脂膜形成的结构,所以能够抑制由深拉深成型、鼓凸成型等冷(常温)成型导致的应力集中,由此,即使进行成型深度深的成型,也不会产生针孔、裂纹,能够确保优异的成型性。
另外,由于是耐热性树脂层与金属箔层介由氨基甲酸酯粘合剂(其包含多羟基化合物、多官能异氰酸酯化合物、和在1个分子中具有多个可与异氰酸酯基反应的官能团的脂肪族化合物)而粘合的结构,所以能够提高包装材料的耐热性。
此外,由于是i)耐热性树脂层(外侧层)由热水收缩率为1.5%~12%的耐热性树脂膜形成的结构,并且是ii)耐热性树脂层与金属箔层介由氨基甲酸酯粘合剂(其包含多羟基化合物、多官能异氰酸酯化合物、和在1个分子中具有多个可与异氰酸酯基反应的官能团的脂肪族化合物)而粘合的结构,即由于是同时具有i)及ii)的结构的结构,所以即使进行成型深度深的成型或在高温多湿等严酷环境下使用,也能充分防止脱层(剥离)。
除此之外,由于使用包含多羟基化合物、多官能异氰酸酯化合物、和在1个分子中具有多个可与异氰酸酯基反应的官能团的脂肪族化合物的氨基甲酸酯粘合剂作为外侧粘合剂,所以即使在比以往的粘合剂低的温度下也能促进固化反应。
以往,一般而言,多数情况下存在下述关系,即,耐热性树脂层侧的粘合剂(外侧粘合剂)的最佳老化温度(促进固化反应的温度)比热熔接性树脂层侧的粘合剂(内侧粘合剂)的最佳老化温度(促进固化反应的温度)高,在这种情况下,不得不分两次进行用于内侧粘合剂的固化反应的第1老化处理和用于外侧粘合剂的固化反应的第2老化处理,生产效率不佳;然而,在本发明中,由于使用包含多羟基化合物、多官能异氰酸酯化合物、和在1个分子中具有多个可与异氰酸酯基反应的官能团的脂肪族化合物的氨基甲酸酯粘合剂作为外侧粘合剂,所以可在比以往的粘合剂低的温度下进行固化,能够通过一次老化处理来同时对内侧粘合剂及外侧粘合剂一并进行老化处理,由此具有能够缩短生产周期(lead time)(从投入材料到完成产品为止所需的时间)的优点。需要说明的是,项[12]的发明是通过上述一次老化处理而同时对固化型内侧粘合剂及固化型外侧粘合剂一并进行老化处理从而制造包装材料的方法。
就项[2]的发明而言,由于能进一步缩短生产周期,所以能够降低成本。
就项[3]的发明而言,是聚酯多元醇包含二羧酸成分、且该二羧酸成分中的芳香族二羧酸的含有率为40摩尔%~80摩尔%的结构,通过含有40摩尔%~80摩尔%的芳香族二羧酸,从而主剂(聚酯多元醇)的骨架变硬、耐热性提高,外侧粘合剂层的粘合强度也增大,成型性也提高。因此,即使进行成型深度深的成型,也能充分防止外侧层与金属箔层之间的脱层(剥离)。
就项[4]的发明而言,由于使用多元醇作为所述脂肪族化合物,所以即使进行成型深度深的成型,也能进一步充分防止外侧层与金属箔层之间的脱层。
就项[5]的发明而言,外侧粘合剂层包含选自由氨基甲酸酯键、酯键、脲键、脲基甲酸酯键、缩二脲键及酰胺键组成的组中的至少一种的键,因此,外侧粘合剂层的粘合强度增大,还能提高成型性。因此,即使进行成型深度深的成型,也能进一步充分防止外侧层与金属箔层之间的脱层。
就项[6]的发明而言,由于在耐热性树脂层与外侧粘合剂层之间配置有易粘合层,所以即使在高温多湿等严酷环境下使用,也能充分防止外侧层与金属箔层之间的脱层。
就项[7]的发明而言,由于是易粘合层含有上述特定的树脂的结构,所以即使在高温多湿等严酷环境下使用,也能充分防止外侧层与金属箔层之间的脱层。
就项[8]的发明而言,由于采用氨基甲酸酯粘合剂的固化膜的杨氏模量为90MPa~400MPa的结构,所以可进一步提高成型性,能提高外侧粘合剂层的耐久性。
就项[9]的发明而言,提供下述壳体,所述壳体具有耐热性,即使进行成型深度深的成型也不产生针孔、裂纹,能够确保成型性,并且即使进行成型深度深的成型或在高温多湿等严酷环境下使用,也能充分防止脱层。
就项[10]的发明而言,能够制造下述壳体,所述壳体具有耐热性,即使进行成型深度深的成型也不产生针孔、裂纹,能够确保成型性,并且即使进行成型深度深的成型或在高温多湿等严酷环境下使用,也能充分防止脱层。
就项[11]的发明而言,能够提供经下述外包装部件进行外包装的蓄电装置,所述外包装部件具有耐热性,不存在针孔、裂纹,即使进行成型深度深的成型或在高温多湿等严酷环境下使用,也能充分防止脱层。
就项[12]的发明(制造方法)而言,能够制造下述包装材料,所述包装材料具有耐热性,即使进行成型深度深的成型也不产生针孔、裂纹,能够确保成型性,并且即使进行成型深度深的成型或在高温多湿等严酷环境下使用,也能充分防止脱层。
此外,使用包含多羟基化合物、多官能异氰酸酯化合物、和在1分子中具有多个可与异氰酸酯基反应的官能团的脂肪族化合物的固化型外侧粘合剂作为外侧粘合剂,该固化型外侧粘合剂能够在比以往低的温度范围(37℃~55℃)内促进固化反应,由此,能够通过一次老化处理同时将固化型内侧粘合剂及固化型外侧粘合剂这两者一并老化,从而使两者的粘合剂同时固化,因此,具有能够显著提高生产效率的优点。
就项[13]的发明而言,由于使用热固化型丙烯酸粘合剂作为固化型内侧粘合剂,所以在固化型内侧粘合剂与固化型外侧粘合剂之间,各自的固化反应被促进的温度范围的一致性高,因此能够缩短老化处理时间,能够进一步提高生产效率。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明的包装材料的一个实施方式的截面图。
图2是表示本发明的包装材料的另一实施方式的截面图。
图3是表示本发明的蓄电装置的一个实施方式的截面图。
图4是以热封前的分离状态表示构成图3的蓄电装置的包装材料(平面状)、蓄电装置主体部及壳体(成型为立体形状的成型体)立体图。
附图标记说明
1...包装材料
2...耐热性树脂层(外侧层)
3...热熔接性树脂层(内侧层)
4...金属箔层
5...第1粘合剂层(外侧粘合剂层)
6...第2粘合剂层(内侧粘合剂层)
8...易粘合层
10...壳体(成型壳体)
15...外包装部件
30...蓄电装置
31...蓄电装置主体部
具体实施方式
将本发明的包装材料1的一个实施方式示于图1。该包装材料1可用作锂离子二次电池等电池用包装材料。所述包装材料1可以不进行成型而直接作为包装材料1使用(参见图4),也可以将其供至例如深拉深成型、鼓凸成型等成型而作为成型壳体10使用(参见图4)。
所述包装材料1为下述结构:在金属箔层4的一面(上表面)上介由外侧粘合剂层(第1粘合剂层)5而层合一体化有耐热性树脂层(外侧层)2,并且在所述金属箔层4的另一面(下表面)上介由内侧粘合剂层(第2粘合剂层)6而层合一体化有热熔接性树脂层(内侧层)3(参见图1)。
将本发明的包装材料1的另一实施方式示于图2。该包装材料1包括下述结构:在金属箔层4的一面(上表面)上介由外侧粘合剂层(第1粘合剂层)5而层合一体化有耐热性树脂层(外侧层)2,并且在所述金属箔层4的另一面(下表面)上介由内侧粘合剂层(第2粘合剂层)6而层合一体化有热熔接性树脂层(内侧层)3。进而在所述耐热性树脂层(外侧层)2的下表面层合有易粘合层8,在该易粘合层8的下表面层合有所述外侧粘合剂层(第1粘合剂层)5。即,为耐热性树脂层(外侧层)2/易粘合层8/外侧粘合剂层5/金属箔层4/内侧粘合剂层6/热熔接性树脂层(内侧层)3这样的层合结构(参见图2)。在本实施方式中,通过凹版涂布法在所述耐热性树脂层2的下表面层合易粘合层8。
在本发明中,所述外侧层2由耐热性树脂层形成。作为构成所述耐热性树脂层2的耐热性树脂,使用在将包装材料1热封时的热封温度下不熔融的耐热性树脂。作为所述耐热性树脂,优选使用熔点比构成热熔接性树脂层3的热熔接性树脂的熔点高10℃以上的耐热性树脂,特别优选使用熔点比构成热熔接性树脂层3的热熔接性树脂的熔点高20℃以上的耐热性树脂。
所述耐热性树脂层(外侧层)2是主要发挥确保作为包装材料1的良好成型性的作用的部件,也即,其主要发挥防止成型时的铝箔因缩颈而断裂的作用。
在本发明中,所述耐热性树脂层2有必要由热水收缩率为1.5%~12%的耐热性树脂膜构成。若热水收缩率小于1.5%,则发生易于在成型时产生破裂、裂纹的问题。另一方面,若热水收缩率大于12%,则易于在外侧层2与金属箔层4之间发生脱层(剥离)。其中,作为所述耐热性树脂膜,优选使用热水收缩率为1.8~11%的耐热性树脂膜。此外,更优选使用热水收缩率为1.8%~6%的耐热性树脂膜。作为所述耐热性树脂膜,优选使用耐热性树脂拉伸膜。
需要说明的是,所谓上述“热水收缩率”,是将耐热性树脂拉伸膜2的试验片(10cm×10cm)在95℃的热水中浸渍30分钟时,浸渍前后的试验片在拉伸方向上的尺寸变化率,可通过下式求得。
热水收缩率(%)={(X-Y)/X}×100
X:浸渍处理前的拉伸方向上的尺寸
Y:浸渍处理后的拉伸方向上的尺寸。
需要说明的是,采用双轴拉伸膜时的该热水收缩率是2个拉伸方向上的尺寸变化率的平均值。
上述耐热性树脂拉伸膜的热水收缩率例如可通过调整拉伸加工时的热固定温度来控制。
作为上述耐热性树脂层(外侧层)2,并无特别限制,例如可举出拉伸尼龙膜等拉伸聚酰胺膜、拉伸聚酯膜等。其中,作为上述耐热性树脂层2,特别优选使用热水收缩率均为1.5%~12%的双轴拉伸尼龙膜等双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜、双轴拉伸聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)膜、双轴拉伸聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)膜、或双轴拉伸聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)膜。另外,作为上述耐热性树脂层2,优选使用利用同时双轴拉伸法进行拉伸的耐热性树脂双轴拉伸膜。作为上述尼龙,虽无特别限制,但例如可举出尼龙6、尼龙6,6、尼龙MXD等。需要说明的是,上述耐热性树脂层2可由单层(单一的拉伸膜)形成,或者也可由包括例如拉伸聚酯膜/拉伸聚酰胺膜的多层(包括拉伸PET膜/拉伸尼龙膜的多层等)形成。
上述耐热性树脂层2的厚度优选为12μm~50μm。通过设定在上述优选的下限值以上,可确保作为包装材料的充分的强度,并且通过设定在上述优选的上限值以下,可减小鼓凸成型时或拉深成型时的应力从而可提高成型性。
优选在所述耐热性树脂层2的内表面(金属箔层4侧的面)上层合易粘合层8。通过在耐热性树脂层2的内表面(金属箔层4侧的面)涂布粘合性、粘接性优异的极性树脂等而层合易粘合层8,能够提高与所述外侧粘合剂层5的密合性、粘合性,由此可提高耐热性树脂层2与金属箔层4的密合性、粘合性。需要说明的是,优选的是,在层合易粘合层8之前,预先对所述耐热性树脂层2的内表面(层合易粘合层8的面)进行电晕处理等而提高润湿性。
上述易粘合层8的形成方法没有特别限制,例如,可在耐热性树脂膜2的表面涂布选自环氧树脂、氨基甲酸酯树脂、丙烯酸酯树脂、甲基丙烯酸酯树脂、聚乙烯亚胺树脂中的一种或两种以上的树脂的水性乳液(水系乳液)并使其干燥,由此形成易粘合层8。作为上述涂布方法,没有特别限制,例如可举出喷涂法、凹版辊涂法、逆转辊涂布法、唇式涂布法等。
另外,上述易粘合层8优选为含有选自环氧树脂、氨基甲酸酯树脂、丙烯酸酯树脂、甲基丙烯酸酯树脂及聚乙烯亚胺树脂中的一种或两种以上的树脂而成的结构。通过采用这样的结构,可进一步提升耐热性树脂层2与外侧粘合剂层5之间的粘合力,在对该包装材料进行深拉深成型、鼓凸成型等成型时,在为了密封而将包装材料热封时,能够充分防止在外侧层(耐热性树脂层)2与金属箔层4之间发生脱层(剥离),并且即使在高温多湿等严酷的环境下使用包装材料1时,也能充分防止在外侧层(耐热性树脂层)2与金属箔层4之间发生脱层(剥离)。
其中,上述易粘合层8特别优选为含有氨基甲酸酯树脂及环氧树脂而成的结构,或含有(甲基)丙烯酸酯树脂及环氧树脂而成的结构。此时,能够进一步充分防止在外侧层(耐热性树脂层)2与金属箔层4之间发生脱层(剥离)。
采用上述前者的结构时,易粘合层8中的氨基甲酸酯树脂/环氧树脂的含有质量比优选为98/2~40/60的范围,此时,能进一步提高耐热性树脂层2与外侧粘合剂层5之间的粘合力。若氨基甲酸酯树脂的含有比率大于上述氨基甲酸酯树脂/环氧树脂的含有质量比(98/2),则交联度不足,难以得到充分的耐溶剂性、粘合力,故而不优选。另一方面,若氨基甲酸酯树脂的含有比率小于上述氨基甲酸酯树脂/环氧树脂的含有质量比(40/60),则直到交联结束所需要的时间过长,故而不优选。其中,易粘合层8中的氨基甲酸酯树脂/环氧树脂的含有质量比为更优选为90/10~50/50的范围。
另外,采用上述后者的结构时,易粘合层8中的(甲基)丙烯酸酯树脂/环氧树脂的含有质量比优选为98/2~40/60的范围,此时,能进一步提高耐热性树脂层2与外侧粘合剂层5之间的粘合力。若(甲基)丙烯酸酯树脂的含有比率大于上述(甲基)丙烯酸酯树脂/环氧树脂的含有质量比(98/2),则交联度不足,难以得到充分的耐溶剂性、粘合力,故而不优选。另一方面,若(甲基)丙烯酸酯树脂的含有比率小于上述(甲基)丙烯酸酯树脂/环氧树脂的含有质量比(40/60),则直到交联结束所需要的时间过长,故而不优选。其中,易粘合层8中的(甲基)丙烯酸酯树脂/环氧树脂的含有质量比更优选为90/10~50/50的范围。
在用于形成上述易粘合层8的上述树脂水性乳液(树脂-水系乳液)中,也可添加二醇类、二醇的环氧乙烷加成物等表面活性剂,此时,在树脂水性乳液中可得到充分的消泡效果,因此,能形成表面平滑性优异的易粘合层8。上述表面活性剂优选以0.01质量%~2.0质量%的比例被包含在上述树脂水性乳液中。
另外,在用于形成上述易粘合层8的上述树脂水性乳液(树脂-水系乳液)中,优选含有二氧化硅、胶体二氧化硅等无机微粒。此时,能够获得防结块(blocking)效果。相对于100质量份的上述树脂成分,优选添加0.1质量份~10质量份的上述无机微粒。
上述易粘合层8的形成量(干燥后的固体成分量)优选为0.01g/m2~0.5g/m2的范围。通过为0.01g/m2以上,能够将耐热性树脂层2与外侧粘合剂层5充分地粘合,通过为0.5g/m2以下,能降低成本,是经济的。
上述易粘合层(干燥后)8中的上述树脂的含有率优选为88质量%~99.9质量%。
在本发明中,所述外侧粘合剂层(第1粘合剂层)5由氨基甲酸酯粘合剂固化层形成,所述氨基甲酸酯粘合剂固化层包含多羟基化合物、多官能异氰酸酯化合物、和在1个分子中具有多个可与异氰酸酯基反应的官能团的脂肪族化合物。
作为所述多羟基化合物,没有特别限定,可举出例如聚酯多元醇、多元醇、聚醚多元醇、聚酯聚氨酯多元醇、聚醚聚氨酯多元醇等。其中,从能够提高耐热性的方面考虑,优选使用聚酯多元醇作为所述多羟基化合物。
所述聚酯多元醇例如可通过配合醇及羧酸并进行缩聚反应而获得。即,所述聚酯多元醇是醇成分与羧酸成分的缩聚物。例如,可以通过配合多元醇及二羧酸并于210℃进行缩聚反应20小时来制造所述聚酯多元醇。作为所述多元醇,没有特别限定,例如可举出新戊二醇、乙二醇、1,6-己二醇等。作为所述羧酸,没有特别限定,例如可举出脂肪族二羧酸、芳香族二羧酸等二羧酸等。作为所述脂肪族二羧酸,没有特别限定,例如可举出己二酸、琥珀酸、己二酸、辛二酸、癸二酸等,作为所述芳香族二羧酸,没有特别限定,例如可举出间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、萘二甲酸、邻苯二甲酸酐等。
所述聚酯多元醇优选含有芳香族二羧酸作为所述二羧酸成分。所述二羧酸成分中的芳香族二羧酸的含有率优选为40摩尔%~80摩尔%。通过为40摩尔%以上,即使进行成型深度深的成型时,也能更充分地防止外侧层2与金属箔层4之间的脱层(剥离),并且,通过为80摩尔%以下,可充分确保外侧粘合剂(第1粘合剂)5的密合力。其中,所述二羧酸成分中芳香族二羧酸的含有率更优选为50摩尔%~70摩尔%。
所述多羟基化合物的数均分子量没有特别限定,优选为8000~30000的范围、更优选为10000~26000的范围。
作为所述多官能异氰酸酯化合物(固化剂),可使用脂肪族系、脂环族系、芳香族系的各种多官能异氰酸酯化合物。作为所述脂肪族系多官能异氰酸酯化合物,可举出例如六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HMDI)等,作为所述脂环族系多官能异氰酸酯化合物,可举出例如异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)等,作为所述芳香族系多官能异氰酸酯化合物,可举出例如甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)等。还可以是这些多官能异氰酸酯化合物的改性物,例如,可例举通过异氰脲酸化、碳二亚胺化、聚合化等多聚化反应而获得的多官能异氰酸酯改性物。
作为所述脂肪族化合物,使用在1个分子中具有多个可与异氰酸酯基(NCO)反应的官能团的脂肪族化合物。所述脂肪族化合物也包括键合有氧、氮、硫、氯等原子的化合物。需要说明的是,所述脂肪族化合物不包括具有芳香环的化合物。另外,所述脂肪族化合物不包括所述多羟基化合物及所述多官能异氰酸酯化合物。所述脂肪族化合物优选使用数均分子量比所述多羟基化合物的数均分子量小的化合物。其中,所述脂肪族化合物的分子量优选为60~9500的范围,其中,更优选为100~1000的范围。
作为可与异氰酸酯基(NCO)反应的官能团,没有特别限定,例如可举出羟基、氨基、羧基等。
作为所述“在1个分子中具有多个可与异氰酸酯基反应的官能团的脂肪族化合物”,没有具体限定,可举出例如多元醇、脂肪族二胺、二羧酸等。所述多元醇为在1个分子中具有2个以上醇羟基的醇。作为所述多元醇,没有特别限定,可举出例如三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)、甲基戊二醇、二甲基丁二醇、乙二醇、甘油、卡必醇、山梨糖醇等。
在所述外侧粘合剂层5中,所述多官能异氰酸酯化合物的异氰酸酯基(NCO)的摩尔数相对于所述多羟基化合物的羟基(OH)的摩尔数的比率(当量比[NCO]/[OH])优选设定在2~25的范围。其中,所述当量比[NCO]/[OH]特别优选设定在5~20的范围。
所述外侧粘合剂层(第1粘合剂层)5的厚度(干燥后的厚度)优选设定为1μm~6μm。
构成所述外侧粘合剂层5的氨基甲酸酯粘合剂的固化膜的杨氏模量为90MPa~400MPa的范围的结构是优选的。通过使杨氏模量为90MPa以上,能够提高外侧粘合剂层5的耐热性,并且即使进行成型深度深的成型,也能充分防止在外侧层2与金属箔层4之间发生脱层(剥离),并且,通过使杨氏模量为400MPa以下,能够充分提高氨基甲酸酯粘合剂固化膜的密合力,还可充分提高高温环境下的层压强度。其中,构成所述外侧粘合剂层5的氨基甲酸酯粘合剂固化膜的杨氏模量特别优选为140MPa~300MPa的范围。需要说明的是,所述杨氏模量是按照JIS K7127-1999而测得的杨氏模量。
在本发明中,上述金属箔层4发挥赋予气体阻隔性(阻止氧或水分侵入到包装材料1中)的作用。作为上述金属箔层4,并无特别限定,例如可举出铝箔、铜箔等,通常使用铝箔。上述金属箔层4的厚度优选为20μm~100μm。通过为20μm以上,从而在制造金属箔时可防止在轧制时产生针孔,并且,通过为100μm以下,可减小鼓凸成型、拉深成型时的应力从而能提高成型性。
对于上述金属箔层4而言,优选对至少内侧的面(内侧粘合剂层6侧的面)实施化学合成处理。通过实施这样的化学合成处理,可充分防止由内容物(电池的电解液等)导致的金属箔表面的腐蚀。例如,通过进行下述那样的处理从而对金属箔施以化学合成处理。即,例如在进行了脱脂处理的金属箔的表面涂布如下1)~3)中的任一种水溶液,然后进行干燥,由此实施化学合成处理。
1)下述混合物的水溶液,所述混合物含有:
磷酸、
铬酸、和
选自氟化物的金属盐及氟化物的非金属盐中的至少1种的化合物,
2)下述混合物的水溶液,所述混合物含有:
磷酸、
选自丙烯酸系树脂、壳聚糖衍生物树脂(Chitosan derivative resins)及酚醛系树脂中的至少1种的树脂、和
选自铬酸及铬(III)盐中的至少1种的化合物,
3)下述混合物的水溶液,所述混合物含有:
磷酸、
选自丙烯酸系树脂、壳聚糖衍生物树脂及酚醛系树脂中的至少1种的树脂、
选自铬酸及铬(III)盐中的至少1种的化合物、和
选自氟化物的金属盐及氟化物的非金属盐中的至少1种的化合物。
上述化学合成被膜的铬附着量(每一面)优选为0.1mg/m2~50mg/m2,特别优选为2mg/m2~20mg/m2。
所述热熔接性树脂层(内侧层)3相对于锂离子二次电池等中使用的强腐蚀性的电解液等也具有优异的耐化学品性,并且发挥向包装材料赋予热封性的作用。
作为构成所述热熔接性树脂层3的树脂,没有特别限定,可举出例如聚乙烯、聚丙烯、离子交联聚合物、乙烯丙烯酸乙酯(EEA)、乙烯丙烯酸甲酯(EAA)、乙烯甲基丙烯酸甲酯树脂(EMMA)、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚树脂(EVA)、马来酸酐改性聚丙烯、马来酸酐改性聚乙烯等。
所述热熔接性树脂层3的厚度优选设定为15μm~30μm。通过为15μm以上,可确保充分的热封强度,并且,通过设定为30μm以下,可有助于薄膜化、轻质化。所述热熔接性树脂层13优选由热熔接性树脂未拉伸膜层形成,所述热熔接性树脂层13既可以为单层也可以为多层。
作为所述内侧粘合剂层(第2粘合剂层)6,没有特别限定,例如优选使用固化型粘合剂。作为所述固化型粘合剂,可举出例如热固化型丙烯酸粘合剂、热固化型酸改性聚丙烯粘合剂、热固化型聚氨酯系粘合剂等。其中,优选使用热固化型丙烯酸粘合剂,这种情况下,具有能够降低用于促进固化的加热老化处理温度(例如40℃)的优点,由于如上述那样能够降低加热老化处理温度,从而能够获得下述有益效果:能够充分防止由加热老化处理导致的热熔接性树脂层3的白粉的产生。所述内侧粘合剂层6的厚度(干燥后的厚度)优选设定为1μm~4μm。
通过对本发明的包装材料1进行成型(深拉深成型、鼓凸成型等),可获得壳体(电池壳体等)10(参见图4)。需要说明的是,本发明的包装材料1也可以不进行成型,而直接使用(参见图4)。
将使用本发明的包装材料1构成的蓄电装置30的一个实施方式示于图3。该蓄电装置30为锂离子二次电池。在本实施方式中,如图3、4所示,通过对包装材料1进行成型而得的壳体10、和未进行成型的平面状包装材料1来构成外包装部件15。并且,在对本发明的包装材料1进行成型而得的成型壳体10的收纳凹部内收纳大致长方体形状的蓄电装置主体部(电化学元件等)31,将未进行成型的本发明的包装材料1以使其内侧层3侧为内侧(下侧)的方式配置在该蓄电装置主体部31上,通过热封将该平面状包装材料1的内侧层3的边缘部和所述成型壳体10的凸缘部(密封用边缘部)29的内侧层3密封接合,从而进行密封,由此构成本发明的蓄电装置30(参见图3、4)。需要说明的是,所述壳体10的收纳凹部的内侧的表面成为内侧层(热熔接性树脂层)3,收纳凹部的外表面成为外侧层(耐热性树脂层)2(参见图4)。
在图3中,39是将所述包装材料1的边缘部与所述壳体10的凸缘部(密封用边缘部)29接合(熔接)的热封部。需要说明的是,在所述蓄电装置30中,连接于蓄电装置主体部31的极耳(tab lead)的前端部导出至外包装部件15的外部,但图示中将其省略。
作为所述蓄电装置主体部31,没有特别限定,可举出例如电池主体部、电容器(capacitor)主体部、电容器(condenser)主体部等。
所述热封部39的宽度优选设定为0.5mm以上。通过为0.5mm以上,能够可靠地进行密封。其中,所述热封部39的宽度优选设定为3mm~15mm。
上述实施方式中,外包装部件15是由对包装材料1进行成型而得的成型壳体10、和平面状外包装材料1形成的结构(参见图3、4),但并非特别限定于这种组合,例如,外包装部件15也可以是由一对包装材料1形成的结构,或者还可以是由一对成型壳体10形成的结构。
接下来,对本发明的包装材料的制造方法进行说明。
首先,准备层合物(准备工序),所述层合物包含由热水收缩率为1.5%~12%的耐热性树脂膜形成的耐热性树脂层(外侧层)2、热熔接性树脂层(内侧层)3、和配置在这两层之间的金属箔层4,所述热熔接性树脂层3与所述金属箔层4介由固化型内侧粘合剂而粘合,所述耐热性树脂层2与所述金属箔层4介由热固化型外侧粘合剂而粘合,所述热固化型外侧粘合剂包含多羟基化合物、多官能异氰酸酯化合物、和在1个分子中具有多个可与异氰酸酯基反应的官能团的脂肪族化合物。
关于作为所述多羟基化合物、所述多官能异氰酸酯化合物、所述“在1个分子中具有多个可与异氰酸酯基反应的官能团的脂肪族化合物”分别使用什么样的物质等,如上文所述。
另外,作为所述固化型内侧粘合剂,没有特别限定,可举出例如热固化型丙烯酸粘合剂、热固化型酸改性聚丙烯粘合剂、热固化型聚氨酯系粘合剂等,其中,优选使用热固化型丙烯酸粘合剂。
接下来,使所述层合物中的所述固化型内侧粘合剂及所述固化型外侧粘合剂固化,优选的是,在37℃~55℃范围的温度下对所述层合物进行加热处理,由此使所述固化型内侧粘合剂及所述固化型外侧粘合剂固化(老化处理工序)。经过所述老化处理工序,可获得本发明的包装材料1。特别优选的是,所述加热处理于38℃~52℃进行。
所述加热处理(加热老化处理)的时间没有特别限定,在使用热固化型丙烯酸粘合剂作为固化型内侧粘合剂的情况下,所述加热处理优选进行3天~15天,在使用热固化型酸改性聚丙烯粘合剂作为固化型内侧粘合剂的情况下,所述加热处理优选进行3天~15天,在使用热固化型聚氨酯系粘合剂作为固化型内侧粘合剂的情况下,所述加热处理优选进行3天~15天。
实施例
接下来,说明本发明的具体实施例,但本发明并不特别地限定于这些实施例。
<实施例1>
向厚度为35μm的铝箔(JIS H4160所规定的A8079的铝箔)4的两面涂布由磷酸、聚丙烯酸(丙烯酸系树脂)、铬(III)盐化合物、水和醇形成的化学合成处理液,之后于180℃进行干燥,从而形成化学合成被膜。该化学合成被膜的铬附着量为每一面10mg/m2。
接下来,向已完成所述化学合成处理的铝箔4的一面上涂布热固化型外侧粘合剂,以使得干燥后的质量为3.5g/m2,所述热固化型外侧粘合剂含有数均分子量为25000的聚酯多元醇100质量份、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)25质量份、三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)10质量份。
上述聚酯多元醇是将二羧酸成分(其由50摩尔份的己二酸(脂肪族二羧酸)及50摩尔份的间苯二甲酸(芳香族二羧酸)形成)与多元醇成分(其由30摩尔份的新戊二醇、30摩尔份的乙二醇及40摩尔份的1,6-己二醇形成)混合并于210℃进行20小时缩聚反应而得到的聚酯多元醇。因此,所述二羧酸成分中的芳香族二羧酸的含有率为50摩尔%。
另外,在上述热固化型外侧粘合剂中,甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)的异氰酸酯基(NCO)的摩尔数相对于聚酯多元醇的羟基(OH)的摩尔数的比率(当量比[NCO]/[OH])为10。
另一方面,利用喷涂法向热水收缩率为2.0%、且厚度为15μm的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜2的一面上涂布将氨基甲酸酯树脂70质量份、环氧树脂30质量份混合而成的树脂,然后使之干燥,由此形成厚度为0.05μm的易粘合层8,获得带有易粘合层8的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜2。通过将对聚酰胺膜进行双轴拉伸加工时的热固定温度设定为214℃,从而获得所述热水收缩率为2.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜2。
在所述铝箔4的一面的外侧粘合剂涂布面上重叠并贴合上述带有易粘合层8的聚酰胺膜2的易粘合层侧的面。
接着,向所述铝箔4的另一面上涂布由热固化型酸改性聚丙烯粘合剂形成的内侧粘合剂,以使得干燥后的质量为2.5g/m2,之后,向该内侧粘合剂涂布面贴合厚度为30μm的未拉伸聚丙烯膜3,由此获得层合物。
将所述层合物在40℃环境下静置9天从而进行加热老化处理,由此使热固化型外侧粘合剂及热固化型内侧粘合剂同时固化,形成外侧粘合剂层5及内侧粘合剂层6,从而获得图2所示结构的包装材料1。
<实施例2>
作为二羧酸成分,使用由己二酸(脂肪族二羧酸)40摩尔份及间苯二甲酸(芳香族二羧酸)60摩尔份形成的二羧酸成分,除此之外,按照与实施例1相同的方式,获得图2所示结构的包装材料1。
<实施例3>
作为二羧酸成分,使用由己二酸(脂肪族二羧酸)30摩尔份及间苯二甲酸(芳香族二羧酸)70摩尔份形成的二羧酸成分,除此之外,按照与实施例1相同的方式,获得图2所示结构的包装材料1。
<实施例4>
作为所述双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜2,使用热水收缩率为5.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜,除此之外,按照与实施例3相同的方式,获得图2所示结构的包装材料1。通过将对聚酰胺膜进行双轴拉伸加工时的热固定温度设定为191℃来获得所述热水收缩率为5.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜。
<实施例5>
作为所述双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜2,使用热水收缩率为10.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜,除此之外,按照与实施例3相同的方式,获得图2所示结构的包装材料1。通过将对聚酰胺膜进行双轴拉伸加工时的热固定温度设定为160℃来获得所述热水收缩率为10.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜。
<实施例6>
对于热固化型外侧粘合剂而言,将甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)的异氰酸酯基(NCO)的摩尔数相对于聚酯多元醇的羟基(OH)的摩尔数的比率(当量比[NCO]/[OH])设定为25,除此之外,按照与实施例3相同的方式,获得图2所示结构的包装材料1。
<实施例7>
使用数均分子量为28000的聚醚多元醇100质量份来代替数均分子量为25000的聚酯多元醇100质量份,除此之外,按照与实施例3相同的方式,获得图2所示结构的包装材料1。
<实施例8>
使用二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)25质量份来代替甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)25质量份,除此之外,按照与实施例3相同的方式,获得图2所示结构的包装材料1。
<实施例9>
使用乙二醇(EG)6质量份来代替三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)10质量份,除此之外,按照与实施例3相同的方式,获得图2所示结构的包装材料1。
<实施例10>
使用甘油9质量份来代替三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)10质量份,除此之外,按照与实施例3相同的方式,获得图2所示结构的包装材料1。
<实施例11>
除了未设置易粘合层8之外,按照与实施例3相同的方式,获得图1所示结构的包装材料1。即,在实施例3中是向铝箔4的一面的外侧粘合剂涂布面上重叠并贴合上述带有易粘合层的聚酰胺膜的易粘合层侧的面,而在本实施例中则是向铝箔4的一面的外侧粘合剂涂布面上重叠并贴合热水收缩率为2.0%、且厚度为15μm的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜。
<实施例12>
作为二羧酸成分,使用由己二酸(脂肪族二羧酸)70摩尔份及间苯二甲酸(芳香族二羧酸)30摩尔份形成的二羧酸成分,除此之外,按照与实施例11相同的方式,获得图1所示结构的包装材料1。
<实施例13>
作为二羧酸成分,使用由己二酸(脂肪族二羧酸)70摩尔份及间苯二甲酸(芳香族二羧酸)30摩尔份形成的二羧酸成分,除此之外,按照与实施例1相同的方式,获得图2所示结构的包装材料1。
<实施例14>
未设置易粘合层8,并且作为二羧酸成分,使用由己二酸(脂肪族二羧酸)10摩尔份及间苯二甲酸(芳香族二羧酸)90摩尔份形成的二羧酸成分,除此之外,按照与实施例6相同的方式,获得图1所示结构的包装材料1。
<实施例15>
作为二羧酸成分,使用由己二酸(脂肪族二羧酸)10摩尔份及间苯二甲酸(芳香族二羧酸)90摩尔份形成的二羧酸成分,除此之外,按照与实施例6相同的方式,获得图2所示结构的包装材料1。
<实施例16>
除了未设置易粘合层8之外,按照与实施例1相同的方式,获得图1所示结构的包装材料1。即,在实施例1中是向铝箔4的一面的外侧粘合剂涂布面上重叠并贴合上述带有易粘合层的聚酰胺膜的易粘合层侧的面,而在本实施例中则是向铝箔4的一面的外侧粘合剂涂布面上重叠并贴合热水收缩率为2.0%、且厚度为15μm的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜。
<实施例17>
除了未设置易粘合层8之外,按照与实施例2相同的方式,获得图1所示结构的包装材料1。即,在实施例2中是向铝箔4的一面的外侧粘合剂涂布面上重叠并贴合上述带有易粘合层的聚酰胺膜的易粘合层侧的面,而在本实施例中则是向铝箔4的一面的外侧粘合剂涂布面上重叠并贴合热水收缩率为2.0%、且厚度为15μm的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜。
<实施例18>
除了未设置易粘合层8之外,按照与实施例3相同的方式,获得图1所示结构的包装材料1。即,在实施例3中是向铝箔4的一面的外侧粘合剂涂布面上重叠并贴合上述带有易粘合层的聚酰胺膜的易粘合层侧的面,而在本实施例中则是向铝箔4的一面的外侧粘合剂涂布面上重叠并贴合热水收缩率为2.0%、且厚度为15μm的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜。
<实施例19>
除了未设置易粘合层8之外,按照与实施例6相同的方式,获得图1所示结构的包装材料1。即,在实施例6中是向铝箔4的一面的外侧粘合剂涂布面上重叠并贴合上述带有易粘合层的聚酰胺膜的易粘合层侧的面,而在本实施例中则是向铝箔4的一面的外侧粘合剂涂布面上重叠并贴合热水收缩率为2.0%、且厚度为15μm的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜。
<比较例1>
作为所述双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜2,使用热水收缩率为1.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜,除此之外,按照与实施例12相同的方式,获得包装材料。通过将对聚酰胺膜进行双轴拉伸加工时的热固定温度设定为221℃来获得所述热水收缩率为1.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜。
<比较例2>
作为所述双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜2,使用热水收缩率为1.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜,除此之外,按照与实施例14相同的方式,获得包装材料。通过将对聚酰胺膜进行双轴拉伸加工时的热固定温度设定为221℃来获得所述热水收缩率为1.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜。
<比较例3>
作为所述双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜2,使用热水收缩率为1.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜,除此之外,按照与实施例1相同的方式,获得包装材料。通过将对聚酰胺膜进行双轴拉伸加工时的热固定温度设定为221℃来获得所述热水收缩率为1.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜。
<比较例4>
作为所述双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜2,使用热水收缩率为1.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜,除此之外,按照与实施例2相同的方式,获得包装材料。通过将对聚酰胺膜进行双轴拉伸加工时的热固定温度设定为221℃来获得所述热水收缩率为1.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜。
<比较例5>
作为所述双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜2,使用热水收缩率为1.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜,除此之外,按照与实施例3相同的方式,获得包装材料。通过将对聚酰胺膜进行双轴拉伸加工时的热固定温度设定为221℃来获得所述热水收缩率为1.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜。
<比较例6>
作为所述双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜2,使用热水收缩率为1.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜,除此之外,按照与实施例6相同的方式,获得包装材料。通过将对聚酰胺膜进行双轴拉伸加工时的热固定温度设定为221℃来获得所述热水收缩率为1.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜。
<比较例7>
作为所述双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜2,使用热水收缩率为15.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜,除此之外,按照与实施例3相同的方式,获得包装材料。通过将对聚酰胺膜进行双轴拉伸加工时的热固定温度设定为135℃来获得所述热水收缩率为15.0%的双轴拉伸聚酰胺膜。
<比较例8>
作为热固化型外侧粘合剂,使用含有数均分子量为25000的聚酯多元醇100质量份、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)25质量份的热固化型外侧粘合剂(不含TMP等脂肪族化合物),除此之外,按照与实施例3相同的方式,获得包装材料。
针对按照上述方式获得的各包装材料,基于下述测定法、评价法进行评价。
<杨氏模量测定法>
按照JIS K7127-1999,对使实施例、比较例中使用的各外侧粘合剂热固化后的固化膜的杨氏模量(MPa)进行测定。具体而言,以50μm的厚度在玻璃板上涂布各外侧粘合剂,之后于40℃进行11天加热老化处理,使外侧粘合剂热固化从而获得厚度为46μm的固化物。将所述固化物从玻璃板上剥离后,切成宽15mm×长100mm的大小从而制作试验片,使用岛津制作所制STROGRAPH(AGS-5kNX)以200mm/分钟的拉伸速度进行所述试验片的拉伸试验,从而测定杨氏模量(MPa)。
<成型性评价法>
使用株式会社Amada制深拉深成型模具,对包装材料进行深拉深成型,以成型为纵55mm×横35mm×各深度的大致长方体形状(一个面敞开的大致长方体形状),即,改变成型深度而进行深拉深成型,调查所得成型体中的拐角部中有无针孔及破裂,调查不产生这种针孔及破裂的“最大成型深度(mm)”,基于下述判定基准进行评价。需要说明的是,在暗室中利用透光法来调查有无针孔及破裂。
(判定基准)
“○”:不产生针孔及破裂的最大成型深度为5mm以上
“Δ”:不产生针孔及破裂的最大成型深度为4mm以上且小于5mm
“×”:不产生针孔及破裂的最大成型深度小于4mm
<密封性评价法>(评价在进行成型深度深的成型时是否发生脱层)
作为成型深度深的成型,使用上述深拉深成型模具,对包装材料进行深拉深成型,以成型为纵55mm×横35mm×5mm的大致长方体形状(一个面敞开的大致长方体形状)。此时,以耐热性树脂层2成为成型体的外侧的方式进行成型。按照各实施例、各比较例分别制作2个成型体,使2个成型体10的凸缘部(密封用周缘部;参见图4)29彼此接触并重叠,于170℃进行6秒钟的热封后,通过肉眼观察来调查热封部39中的脱层(剥离)是否发生、及有无外观的浮起,基于下述判定基准进行评价。
(判定基准)
“○”:未发现脱层(剥离)、而且也未发现外观的浮起(合格)
“Δ”:有时罕见地发生微小的脱层(剥离),但实质上没有脱层(剥离),而且也没有外观的浮起(合格)
“×”:发生脱层(剥离),也有外观的浮起(不合格)
<耐热水性评价法>(评价在高温多湿等严酷环境下使用时是否发生脱层)
使用上述深拉深成型模具,对包装材料进行深拉深成型,以成型为纵55mm×横35mm×5mm的大致长方体形状(一个面敞开的大致长方体形状)。此时,以耐热性树脂层2成为成型体的外侧的方式进行成型。按照各实施例、各比较例分别制作2个成型体,使2个成型体10的凸缘部(密封用边缘部;参见图4)29彼此接触、重叠,于170℃进行6秒钟的热封,接着,将热封物在85℃的热水中浸渍240小时,之后取出,通过肉眼观察来调查是否发生热封部39中的脱层(剥离)、及有无外观的浮起,基于下述判定基准进行评价。
(判断基准)
“○”:未发现脱层(剥离)、而且也未发现外观的浮起(合格)
“Δ”:有时罕见地发生微小的脱层(剥离),但实质上没有脱层(剥离),而且也没有外观的浮起(合格)
“×”:发生脱层(剥离),也有外观的浮起(不合格)
<高温下的层压强度测定方法>
从所得包装材料切出宽15mm×长150mm的试验体,在从该试验体的长度方向的一端到深入内侧10mm的位置为止的区域中,在铝箔与耐热性树脂层之间进行剥离。
按照JIS K6854-3(1999年),使用岛津制作所制STROGRAPH(AGS-5kNX),用一个卡盘将包含铝箔的层合体夹持固定,用另一卡盘将所述已剥离的耐热性树脂层夹持固定,在120℃的温度环境下保持1分钟后,直接在120℃的温度环境下以100mm/分钟的拉伸速度进行T型剥离,测定此时的剥离强度,将该测定值稳定后的值作为“高温下的层压强度(N/15mm宽度)”。基于下述判定基准评价测定结果。
(判定基准)
“○”:层压强度为“2.0N/15mm宽度”以上
“Δ”:层压强度为“1.5N/15mm宽度”以上且小于“2.0N/15mm宽度”
“×”:层压强度小于“1.5N/15mm宽度”
由表可知,对于本发明的实施例1~19的包装材料而言,即使进行成型深度深的成型,也不产生针孔、裂纹,具有优异的成型性,不仅如此,即使进行成型深度深的成型也能抑制脱层(剥离),即使在高温下,层压强度也大、耐热水性也良好,即使在高温多湿等严酷环境下使用,也能防止脱层(剥离)。
与此相对,对于脱离了本发明权利要求书的规定范围的比较例1~8而言,至少某一评价为“×”(差)的评价。
产业上的可利用性
本发明的包装材料可合适地用作笔记本电脑用、手机用、车载用、固定型的锂离子聚合物二次电池等电池的包装材料,除此之外,也适于作为食品的包装材料、医化学品的包装材料,但并不特别限定于这些用途。其中,特别适于作为电池用包装材料。另外,本发明的包装材料适于作为成型用包装材料。
本发明的壳体(成型壳体)可合适地用作笔记本电脑用、手机用、车载用、固定型的锂离子聚合物二次电池等电池的壳体,但并不特别限定于这些用途。其中,特别适于作为电池用壳体。
本申请主张在2015年10月7日提出申请的日本专利申请特愿2015-199410号的优先权,其公开内容直接构成本申请的一部分。
在此所使用的术语及说明是用于说明本发明的实施方式而使用的,本发明并不受其限制,如果在权利要求范围之内,只要不超出其主旨,则本发明允许任何设计变更。
Claims (10)
1.一种包装材料,其包含作为外侧层的耐热性树脂层、作为内侧层的热熔接性树脂层和配置在这两层之间的金属箔层,其特征在于,
所述耐热性树脂层由热水收缩率为1.5%~12%的耐热性树脂膜形成,
所述耐热性树脂层与所述金属箔层介由外侧粘合剂层而粘合,
所述外侧粘合剂层由氨基甲酸酯粘合剂形成,所述氨基甲酸酯粘合剂包含多羟基化合物、多官能异氰酸酯化合物和在1个分子中具有多个可与异氰酸酯基反应的官能团的脂肪族化合物。
2.如权利要求1所述的包装材料,其中,所述多羟基化合物为聚酯多元醇。
3.如权利要求2所述的包装材料,其中,所述聚酯多元醇包含二羧酸成分,
所述二羧酸成分含有芳香族二羧酸,所述二羧酸成分中的所述芳香族二羧酸的含有率为40摩尔%~80摩尔%。
4.如权利要求1~3中任一项所述的包装材料,其中,所述脂肪族化合物为多元醇。
5.如权利要求1~4中任一项所述的包装材料,其中,所述外侧粘合剂层包含选自由氨基甲酸酯键、酯键、脲键、脲基甲酸酯键、缩二脲键及酰胺键组成的组中的至少一种的键。
6.如权利要求1~5中任一项所述的包装材料,其中,在所述耐热性树脂层与所述外侧粘合剂层之间配置有易粘合层。
7.如权利要求6所述的包装材料,其中,所述易粘合层含有选自由环氧树脂、氨基甲酸酯树脂、丙烯酸酯树脂、甲基丙烯酸酯树脂及聚乙烯亚胺树脂组成的组中的1种或2种以上的树脂。
8.如权利要求1~7中任一项所述的包装材料,其中,所述氨基甲酸酯粘合剂的固化膜的杨氏模量为90MPa~400MPa。
9.一种包装材料的制造方法,其特征在于,包括下述工序:
准备层合物的工序,所述层合物包含作为外侧层的耐热性树脂层、作为内侧层的热熔接性树脂层和配置在这两层之间的金属箔层,所述耐热性树脂层由热水收缩率为1.5%~12%的耐热性树脂膜形成,所述热熔接性树脂层与所述金属箔层介由固化型内侧粘合剂而粘合,所述耐热性树脂层与所述金属箔层介由固化型外侧粘合剂而粘合,所述固化型外侧粘合剂包含多羟基化合物、多官能异氰酸酯化合物、和在1个分子中具有多个可与异氰酸酯基反应的官能团的脂肪族化合物;和
老化处理工序,通过在37℃~55℃范围的温度下对所述层合物进行加热老化处理,从而使所述固化型内侧粘合剂及所述固化型外侧粘合剂固化。
10.如权利要求9所述的包装材料的制造方法,其中,所述固化型内侧粘合剂为热固化型丙烯酸粘合剂。
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KR (2) | KR20170041631A (zh) |
CN (2) | CN115257084A (zh) |
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TW (1) | TWI769986B (zh) |
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CN111032342A (zh) * | 2017-09-14 | 2020-04-17 | 昭和电工包装株式会社 | 成型用包装材料、蓄电设备用外包装壳体及蓄电设备 |
CN111341948A (zh) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-26 | 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 | 一种金属箔、其制备方法、电芯封装方法以及电池模组 |
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CN215904055U (zh) * | 2020-01-10 | 2022-02-25 | 昭和电工包装株式会社 | 成型用包装材料及成型壳体 |
WO2022270548A1 (ja) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-12-29 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 蓄電デバイス用外装材 |
JPWO2023136360A1 (zh) * | 2022-01-17 | 2023-07-20 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20230166988A (ko) | 2023-12-07 |
US20170104189A1 (en) | 2017-04-13 |
KR20170041631A (ko) | 2017-04-17 |
US20240243394A1 (en) | 2024-07-18 |
CN115257084A (zh) | 2022-11-01 |
JP2017071414A (ja) | 2017-04-13 |
TW201737525A (zh) | 2017-10-16 |
DE102016219364A1 (de) | 2017-04-13 |
TWI769986B (zh) | 2022-07-11 |
JP6862084B2 (ja) | 2021-04-21 |
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