CN106386435A - Hydroponic cultivation method of spinach - Google Patents
Hydroponic cultivation method of spinach Download PDFInfo
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- CN106386435A CN106386435A CN201610789255.XA CN201610789255A CN106386435A CN 106386435 A CN106386435 A CN 106386435A CN 201610789255 A CN201610789255 A CN 201610789255A CN 106386435 A CN106386435 A CN 106386435A
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- nursery
- herba spinaciae
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydroponic cultivation method of spinach comprising following steps: A accelerating germination; B. sowing; C. transplanting: single spinach seedlings are moved into nursery tanks of a nursery container, and are exposed under ultraviolet lamps for 1 hour and exposed under LED daylight lamps for 7 hours, and then cultivated in the dark for 16 hours every day, after 3 weeks, seedling culture liquid is replaced once until harvesting. The seedling culture liquid is prepared by following components: 1.2[mu]mol/L manganous sulfate, 0.2[mu] mol/L ammonium molybdate, 0.6[mu] mol/L cobalt chloride, 0.1 [mu]mol/L cobalt chloride nickel chloride, 0.1 mmol/L 5-aminolevulinic acid, 2 mmol/L ammonia sulfate and 5 to 10 g/L extracting solution; magnetic water is used as the solvent of the seedling culture liquid, and the pH is regulated to 6.5 to 7.0. By means of the hydroponic cultivation method of spinach, the yield of hydroponic spinach in winter can be increased, the content of antioxidant substance in the spinach is increased and therefore the health care effect of spinach is enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Herba Spinaciae planting technology field.It is more particularly related to a kind of water planting plantation side of Herba Spinaciae
Method.
Background technology
Herba Spinaciae (Spinacia oleracea L.) also known as Persian dish, red root vegetables, Psittacula alexandri fasciata dish etc., belong to Chenopodiaceae Herba Spinaciae and belong to, and one
Year raw herbaceous plant.
Herba Spinaciae has the title of " nutrition model student ", multiple rich in carotenoid, vitamin C, vitamin K, several mineral materials etc.
Nutrient, is one homely pickles that people like.With the raising of people's living standard, people tend to not spray insecticide
Green vegetable, and general pedlar, mostly in order to Herba Spinaciae is fertile, does not have pest and disease damage, the spraying pesticide agent of many semi-selection.
The cultivation of Herba Spinaciae is typically relatively conventional with soil plantation, and water planting is a kind of plant soil-less culturing mode, and water planting
The pest and disease damage of soil biography can be avoided, for the family that required nutritional supplementation in Herba Spinaciae cultivation is easy to operate, general
The cultivation of garden or indoor small range is possible to.The mode of water planting, condition, the plantation of nutrition direct relation Herba Spinaciae water planting
During growing state, finally closely bound up with the quality of Herba Spinaciae, under current health-care environmental-protecting theme fashion trend, how
Water planting goes out to contribute to the healthy environmental protection Herba Spinaciae of people and seems to be even more important.Implantation methods currently, with respect to Herba Spinaciae water planting are situated between
Continue less, occasionally relate to the introduction that summer water planting plants Herba Spinaciae, the correlation technique of Wei You winter planting Herba Spinaciae, to solve people's spring
Demand to Herba Spinaciae during section.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solution at least the above, and provide the advantage that at least will be described later.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of water planting implantation methods of Herba Spinaciae, by simple accelerating germination process, spy
Fixed container for plant growth and nursery liquid carry out Herba Spinaciae nursery, to obtain winter high yield, the high-quality Herba Spinaciae rich in antioxidant content.
In order to realize according to object of the present invention and further advantage, there is provided a kind of water planting implantation methods of Herba Spinaciae,
Comprise the following steps：
A, accelerating germination：Select the Spinach Varieties that frost resistance is strong, before sowing, 8h will be soaked under 40 DEG C of constant temperatures after seed disinfection,
Pull out and irradiated with LED daylight lamp with uviol lamp after seed, first ultra violet lamp 20min, then uviol lamp and LED daylight lamp simultaneously according to
Penetrate 40min, close uviol lamp, LED daylight lamp continues to irradiate 1h, is placed in standby at shady and cool ventilation, wherein uviol lamp power is
20w, radiation crest is 300nm, and LED daylight lamp power is 16w；
B, sowing：In the sowing of late November-early December, using broadcasting sowing, and cover film, emerging recession removes thin film, extremely
Grow 2-3 piece true leaf, obtain Herba Spinaciae Seedling；
C, transplanting：Single Herba Spinaciae Seedling is moved in the nursery groove of container for plant growth respectively, is first placed in daily and irradiates under uviol lamp
1h, then LED daylight lamp irradiation 7h, then cultivate 16 hours under dark condition, after 3 weeks, change a nursery liquid until harvesting；
Equipped with nursery liquid in wherein said container for plant growth, described container for plant growth includes：
Casing, it is open-topped rectangular structure, and the top of wall box is provided with water inlet and for closing water inlet
First lid of mouth, its lower sidewall is provided with discharge outlet and the second lid for closing discharge outlet；
Top board, it is removably fastened with casing top opening, described top board is spacedly distributed and is provided with nursery hole, described
Nursery hole is circle；
Nursery groove, it includes integrally formed upper and lower two parts, and its middle and upper part is divided into cirque structure, described upper part
Internal diameter is equal with the internal diameter in described nursery hole, and the external diameter of described upper part is more than the external diameter in described nursery hole so that described upper part
Be arranged on described nursery hole, its middle and lower part is divided into including the string bag being connected with upper part internal diameter, and with string bag lower edge
The guide ring of the cylinder connecting, the bore of the described string bag is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the internal diameter of described guide ring is nursery hole
The 1/3 of internal diameter；
The loadings of described nursery liquid are controlled to the half that nursery liquid liquid level did not at least have the string bag, the formula of described nursery liquid
As follows：1.2 μm of ol/L manganese sulfates, 0.2 μm of ol/L ammonium molybdate, 0.6 μm of ol/L cobaltous chloride, 0.1 μm of ol/L cobaltous chloride Nickel dichloride.,
0.1mmol/L 5-ALA, 2mmol/L ammonium sulfate and 5-10g/L extracting solution, nursery liquid with magnetized water as solvent, pH
It is adjusted to 6.5-7.0；
Wherein, the preparation method of described extracting solution is as follows：Weigh Folium Mori 15 weight portion, Folium Salicis Babylonicae 8 weight portion, Adeps Bovis seu Bubali 8 weight
Part, Fructus anethi 5 weight portion, Passifolra edulis 5 weight portion, blue berry 3 weight portion, barley bran 5 weight portion, green tea 5 weight portion, Herba Abri 3 weight
Amount part, leaf of Semen Juglandis 1 weight portion, Semen Lepidii (Semen Descurainiae) 1 weight portion mix to obtain the first mixture, add 15 times of its weight after being pulverized
Solvent refluxing extracts, be evaporated under reduced pressure after filtering be concentrated into that condensate precursor amasss 1/3 obtain final product extracting solution, described solvent is anhydrous second
Alcohol, acetone and deionized water are 3 according to volume ratio:3:1 mixing is obtained.
Preferably, the water planting implantation methods of described Herba Spinaciae, the internal diameter in described nursery hole is 2.5-3.5cm.
Preferably, the water planting implantation methods of described Herba Spinaciae, also include air partition, its for four sides rectangle surround rectangular
Body frame structure, the lower openings of air partition are removable installed in casing top, and all of nursery groove is surrounded.
Preferably, the water planting implantation methods of described Herba Spinaciae, described casing is made up of insulating plastic pipe.
Preferably, the water planting implantation methods of described Herba Spinaciae, described casing is light green color.
Preferably, the water planting implantation methods of described Herba Spinaciae, described seed disinfection specifically refers to Herba Taraxaci plus it is heavy
The decocting in water 1h of 10 times of amount, after filtration cools filtrate to 40-45 DEG C, spinach seed is soaked in filtrate 20min.
Preferably, the water planting implantation methods of described Herba Spinaciae, the substrate that sowing adopts is pressed by wormcast, turf and Vermiculitum
Volume ratio is 4:3:1 composition.
Preferably, the water planting implantation methods of described Herba Spinaciae, morning early December 10. -12 is sowed between point.
The present invention at least includes following beneficial effect：
1) the Herba Spinaciae ciltivating process of the present invention is simple, goes for garden or indoor small-scale Herba Spinaciae plantation, and keeps away
Exempt from soil-borne disease insect pest；The Herba Spinaciae water planting implantation methods of the present invention, can improve the yield of winter water planting Herba Spinaciae, improve spinach simultaneously
The content of antioxidant in dish, improves the health-care effect of Herba Spinaciae.
2) present invention is irradiated with LED daylight lamp under given conditions using uviol lamp, can promote spinach seed in the winter
The sprouting in season and the growth in later stage, thus improve the yield in Herba Spinaciae winter；
3) container for plant growth of the present invention preferably can fix Herba Spinaciae Seedling so that Herba Spinaciae Seedling steadily is taken root in nursery groove
Growth, it is to avoid water planting cannot fix Herba Spinaciae Seedling like that to earth culture, and affects spinach growth, and the nursery trench bottom of the present invention is sky,
Herba Spinaciae Seedling is so made to grow under the conditions of same nursery liquid it is ensured that the growing way of Herba Spinaciae Seedling is uniform, and nursery fluid exchange
Convenient；
The nursery liquid of the present invention is rich in various nutrients, contains abundant antioxidation class material, for example wherein in extracting solution
Lycopene, anthocyanidin, vitamin C, flavonoid, alkaloid, γ-aminobutyric acid, polysaccharides of Folium Mori, rare element organic selenium, germanium,
Tea polyphenols etc., also contain, and can improve the content of antioxidation class material in Herba Spinaciae, for the disappearing of Herba Spinaciae of edible output of the present invention
Fei Zhe, plays face nourishing antidebilitation, memory reinforcing, promotes cardiovascular health, prevention not sick food effect.It is rich in iodine, also in Folium Salicis Babylonicae
The effect enriching the iodine can be played；In addition, containing part Chinese medicine in extracting solution, Herba Spinaciae Seedling can be coordinated and absorb the battalion in nursery liquid
Support, and strengthen the disease resistivity of Herba Spinaciae Seedling, pre- disease prevention.
4) present invention passes through to arrange air partition, and in the case of can preventing outdoor water planting, Spinach Leaf is attacked by high wind cold wind, rises
To the effect stopping severe cold, improve the survival rate that Herba Spinaciae Seedling is passed the winter；
5) casing of container for plant growth is made up of insulating plastic pipe, is to be incubated to nursery liquid further, reducing outer low temperature
Impact to Herba Spinaciae Seedling；The casing of container for plant growth is light green color, is because that light green color plastics are compared black plastic and can be passed through necessarily
The ultraviolet of dosage, and appropriate ultraviolet radiation has bactericidal action and can promote the synthesis of vitamin D, for spinach growth
And the raising of vitamin D content has help；
Part is embodied by the further advantage of the present invention, target and feature by description below, and part also will be by this
Invention research and practice and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the container for plant growth of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to make those skilled in the art with reference to description literary composition
Word can be implemented according to this.
It should be noted that experimental technique described in following embodiments, if no special instructions, it is conventional method, institute
State reagent and material, if no special instructions, all commercially obtain；In describing the invention, term " horizontal ", " vertical
To ", " on ", D score, "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", the instruction such as " outward " side
Position or position relationship are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, are for only for ease of the description present invention and simplify description,
Be not instruction or the hint device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, because
This is not considered as limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of water planting implantation methods of Herba Spinaciae, comprise the following steps：
A, accelerating germination：Select the Spinach Varieties that frost resistance is strong, before sowing, 8h will be soaked under 40 DEG C of constant temperatures after seed disinfection,
Pull out and irradiated with LED daylight lamp with uviol lamp after seed, first ultra violet lamp 20min, then uviol lamp and LED daylight lamp simultaneously according to
Penetrate 40min, close uviol lamp, LED daylight lamp continues to irradiate 1h, is placed in standby at shady and cool ventilation, wherein uviol lamp power is
20w, radiation crest is 300nm, and LED daylight lamp power is 16w；
B, sowing：In the sowing of late November-early December, using broadcasting sowing, and cover film, emerging recession removes thin film, extremely
Grow 2-3 piece true leaf, obtain Herba Spinaciae Seedling；
C, transplanting：Single Herba Spinaciae Seedling is moved in the nursery groove of container for plant growth respectively, is first placed in daily and irradiates under uviol lamp
1h, then LED daylight lamp irradiation 7h, then cultivate 16 hours under dark condition, after 3 weeks, change a nursery liquid until harvesting；
Equipped with nursery liquid in wherein said container for plant growth, as shown in figure 1, described container for plant growth includes：
Casing 1, it is open-topped rectangular structure, the top of casing 1 side wall be provided with water inlet and be used for closing into
First lid 11 at the mouth of a river, its lower sidewall is provided with discharge outlet and the second lid 12 for closing discharge outlet；
Top board 2, it is removably fastened with casing 1 open top, described top board 2 is spacedly distributed and is provided with nursery hole,
Described nursery hole is circle；
Nursery groove 3, it includes integrally formed upper and lower two parts, and it is cirque structure that its middle and upper part divides 31, described top
Points 31 internal diameter is equal with the internal diameter in described nursery hole, the external diameter of described upper part 31 more than described nursery hole external diameter so that institute
State part 31 to be arranged on described nursery hole, its middle and lower part is divided into including the string bag 32 being connected with upper part 31 internal diameter, and
The guide ring 33 of the cylinder being connected with the string bag 32 lower edge, the bore of the described string bag 32 is gradually reduced from top to bottom, described
The internal diameter of guide ring 33 is the 1/3 of nursery in the hole footpath；Here the string bag can be the net of straw rope or other fibrages, guide ring
The string bag is made to trail under gravity, so that Herba Spinaciae Seedling can preferably limit wherein；
The loadings of described nursery liquid are controlled to the half that nursery liquid liquid level did not at least have the string bag 32, the joining of described nursery liquid
Side is as follows：1.2 μm of ol/L manganese sulfates, 0.2 μm of ol/L ammonium molybdate, 0.6 μm of ol/L cobaltous chloride, 0.1 μm of ol/L cobaltous chloride Nickel dichloride.,
0.1mmol/L 5-ALA, 2mmol/L ammonium sulfate and 5-10g/L extracting solution, nursery liquid with magnetized water as solvent, pH
It is adjusted to 6.5-7.0；
Wherein, the preparation method of described extracting solution is as follows：Weigh Folium Mori 15 weight portion, Folium Salicis Babylonicae 8 weight portion, Adeps Bovis seu Bubali 8 weight
Part, Fructus anethi 5 weight portion, Passifolra edulis 5 weight portion, blue berry 3 weight portion, barley bran 5 weight portion, green tea 5 weight portion, Herba Abri 3 weight
Amount part, leaf of Semen Juglandis 1 weight portion, Semen Lepidii (Semen Descurainiae) 1 weight portion mix to obtain the first mixture, add 15 times of its weight after being pulverized
Solvent refluxing extracts, be evaporated under reduced pressure after filtering be concentrated into that condensate precursor amasss 1/3 obtain final product extracting solution, described solvent is anhydrous second
Alcohol, acetone and deionized water are 3 according to volume ratio:3:1 mixing is obtained.
Wherein, the water planting implantation methods of described Herba Spinaciae, the internal diameter in described nursery hole is 2.5-3.5cm.Nursery hole aperture
Excessive, in Herba Spinaciae Seedling easy landing nursery groove, and nursery hole is too small, then can limit its growth.
Wherein, the water planting implantation methods of described Herba Spinaciae, also include air partition, its cuboid frame surrounding for four sides rectangle
Frame structure, the lower openings of air partition are removable installed in casing top, all of nursery groove are surrounded, air partition is attached
Not shown in Fig. 1.
The Herba Spinaciae water planting implantation methods of the present invention, water planting cultivation in container for plant growth can harvest in 4.5-5.5 week, compares simultaneously
Between the Herba Spinaciae that harvested in soil general planting with same kind in section, the yield of water planting increased 32.3%；And the spinach of the present invention
Dish is rich in non-oxidizability component substances, has powerful health-care effect, and this is that normal soil plantation is unexistent.
Embodiment 2：
On the basis of embodiment 1, the water planting implantation methods of described Herba Spinaciae, described casing is made up of insulating plastic pipe.Institute
Stating casing is light green color.
Between especially December to January in winter, temperature is low, and wind is big, for the Herba Spinaciae Seedling of outdoor water planting, cabinet insulation
Plastics can keep out the severe cold of a part, helps it to pass the winter, in addition, jade-green casing can pass through a certain amount of ultraviolet,
Herba Spinaciae Seedling root growth can be promoted, and the synthesis of vitamin D.
Embodiment 3：
On the basis of embodiment 1, the water planting implantation methods of described Herba Spinaciae, described seed disinfection specifically refers to public with Pu
English adds the decocting in water 1h of 10 times of its weight, cools filtrate to 40-45 DEG C, spinach seed is soaked in filtrate after filtration
20min.Seed disinfection is compared using the insecticide safer environmental protection of sterilization using Herba Taraxaci.
The water planting implantation methods of described Herba Spinaciae, sowing the substrate adopting by wormcast, turf and Vermiculitum is by volume
4:3:1 composition.Sow in the substrate adopting with wormcast and turf as major ingredient, the emergence rate of Herba Spinaciae Seedling can be improved, compare and adopt
Replace wormcast and turf with field soil, method of the present invention emergence rate improves 32.7%.
The water planting implantation methods of described Herba Spinaciae, morning early December 10. -12 is sowed between point, and such time is upper permissible
It is just edible Herba Spinaciae provides convenient during the Spring Festival, more stable, yield and harvest time are cultivated in the plantation of winter water planting than soil
It is also easier to hold.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted to listed in description and embodiment
With, it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore under the general concept being limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention does not limit
In specific details with shown here as the legend with description.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of water planting implantation methods of Herba Spinaciae are it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A, accelerating germination：Select the Spinach Varieties that frost resistance is strong, 8h will be soaked under 40 DEG C of constant temperatures after seed disinfection before sowing, pull out
Irradiated with LED daylight lamp with uviol lamp after seed, first ultra violet lamp 20min, then uviol lamp is irradiated with LED daylight lamp simultaneously
40min, closes uviol lamp, and LED daylight lamp continues to irradiate 1h, is placed in standby at shady and cool ventilation, and wherein uviol lamp power is 20w,
Radiation crest is 300nm, and LED daylight lamp power is 16w；
B, sowing：In the sowing of late November-early December, using broadcasting sowing, and cover film, emerging recession removes thin film, to growing
2-3 piece true leaf, obtains Herba Spinaciae Seedling；
C, transplanting：Single Herba Spinaciae Seedling is moved in the nursery groove of container for plant growth respectively, is first placed in irradiation 1h under uviol lamp daily, then
LED daylight lamp irradiates 7h, then cultivates 16 hours under dark condition, after 3 weeks, changes a nursery liquid until harvesting；
Equipped with nursery liquid in wherein said container for plant growth, described container for plant growth includes：
Casing, it is open-topped rectangular structure, and the top of wall box is provided with water inlet and for closing water inlet
First lid, its lower sidewall is provided with discharge outlet and the second lid for closing discharge outlet；
Top board, it is removably fastened with casing top opening, described top board is spacedly distributed and is provided with nursery hole, described nursery
Hole is circle；
Nursery groove, it includes integrally formed upper and lower two parts, and its middle and upper part is divided into cirque structure, the internal diameter of described upper part
Equal with the internal diameter in described nursery hole, the external diameter of described upper part is more than the external diameter in described nursery hole so that described upper part card sets
On described nursery hole, its middle and lower part is divided into including the string bag being connected with upper part internal diameter, and is connected with string bag lower edge
Cylinder guide ring, the bore of the described string bag is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the internal diameter of described guide ring is nursery in the hole footpath
1/3；
The loadings of described nursery liquid are controlled to the half that nursery liquid liquid level did not at least have the string bag, and the formula of described nursery liquid is such as
Under：1.2 μm of ol/L manganese sulfates, 0.2 μm of ol/L ammonium molybdate, 0.6 μm of ol/L cobaltous chloride, 0.1 μm of ol/L cobaltous chloride Nickel dichloride.,
0.1mmol/L 5-ALA, 2mmol/L ammonium sulfate and 5-10g/L extracting solution, nursery liquid with magnetized water as solvent, pH
It is adjusted to 6.5-7.0；
Wherein, the preparation method of described extracting solution is as follows：Weigh Folium Mori 15 weight portion, Folium Salicis Babylonicae 8 weight portion, Adeps Bovis seu Bubali 8 weight portion, transplant
Trailing plants 5 weight portion, Passifolra edulis 5 weight portion, blue berry 3 weight portion, barley bran 5 weight portion, green tea 5 weight portion, Herba Abri 3 weight portion,
Leaf of Semen Juglandis 1 weight portion, Semen Lepidii (Semen Descurainiae) 1 weight portion mix to obtain the first mixture, add 15 times of its weight of solvent after being pulverized
Reflux, extract, be evaporated under reduced pressure after filtering be concentrated into that condensate precursor amasss 1/3 obtain final product extracting solution, described solvent is dehydrated alcohol,
Acetone and deionized water are 3 according to volume ratio:3:1 mixing is obtained.
2. the water planting implantation methods of Herba Spinaciae as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that the internal diameter in described nursery hole is 2.5-
3.5cm.
3. it is characterised in that also including air partition, it is that four sides is rectangular to the water planting implantation methods of Herba Spinaciae as claimed in claim 1
The cuboid framework structure that shape surrounds, the lower openings of air partition are removable installed in casing top, by all of nursery groove
It is surrounded.
4. the water planting implantation methods of Herba Spinaciae as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that described casing is made up of insulating plastic pipe.
5. the water planting implantation methods of Herba Spinaciae as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that described casing is light green color.
6. the water planting implantation methods of Herba Spinaciae as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that described seed disinfection specifically refers to use Pu
Herba Taraxaci adds the decocting in water 1h of 10 times of its weight, cools filtrate to 40-45 DEG C, spinach seed is soaked in filtrate after filtration
20min.
7. Herba Spinaciae as claimed in claim 1 water planting implantation methods it is characterised in that sowing adopt substrate by wormcast,
Turf and Vermiculitum are 4 by volume:3:1 composition.
8. Herba Spinaciae as claimed in claim 1 water planting implantation methods it is characterised in that morning early December 10. -12 point it
Between sow.
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