CN106358630A - Brassica napus annual multi-generation generation adding method - Google Patents
Brassica napus annual multi-generation generation adding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106358630A CN106358630A CN201610694797.9A CN201610694797A CN106358630A CN 106358630 A CN106358630 A CN 106358630A CN 201610694797 A CN201610694797 A CN 201610694797A CN 106358630 A CN106358630 A CN 106358630A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention provides a Brassica napus annual multi-generation generation adding method. Four stages including seed pretreatment, transplanting and seedling management, flowering phase management and pod development period management are effectively controlled, and one-year three-cropping or four-cropping (ie, annual three-generation or four-generation generation adding) of the Brassica napus is realized, the seed breeding process is effectively accelerated, and the seed breeding year limit is shortened. The controllable greenhouse cultivation technology is adopted, so that the running around at different places are avoided, the time is saved, and manpower and material resources are saved. The Brassica napus annual multi-generation generation adding method is applied to backcross or cross breeding, and seed breeding of novel high-quality and high-yield disease-resistant varieties of Brassica napus can be accelerated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant breeding method technical field is and in particular to wheel more than a kind of cabbage type rape anniversary adds for skill
Art.
Background technology
Cabbage type rape, abbreviation Brassica campestris L in production, is three kinds of oil Brassica campestris Ls (turnip type rape, mustard type rape, Wild cabbage types
Brassica campestris L) in grain yield highest species, be that China area is maximum, total oil crop producing highest.It is China's edible oil peace
Full important leverage.
The selection-breeding of new rape variety is the basis improving yield of rape level.In rapeseed breeding, plus it is breeding training for breeding
Educate process shortening the breeding cycle to accelerate a requisite link of breeding process.It is all at present to take strange land to add generation to breed
Mode, take substantial amounts of human and material resources and financial resources, and can only realize that breeding in a year is two ripe, breeding process is slow.Meanwhile,
Recently as the rising of strange land summer temperature, Brassica campestris L can not be expired by the low temperature needed for the period of vernalization and low temperature period
Foot, leads to the slightly strong material of winter habit can not bloom or normal mature, leads to plus generation failure, this is that one kind is newly chosen to rapeseed breeding
War.Therefore, innovation increasing generation technique, in realization interior many generations, breed, shortening the breeding cycle, acceleration breeding process, saving breeding cost,
Assure success plus generation, rapeseed breeding is had great importance.
Content of the invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome in existing rapeseed breeding technology breeding year limit for length and resource
Expending big problem, thus providing wheel more than a kind of Brassica campestris L anniversary plus for method, thus realizing the ripe breeding of 1 year 3-4, effectively accelerating
Breeding process, shortening the breeding cycle, it is to avoid hurry back and forth in strange land, saves human and material resources and financial resources cost.
For this reason, the technical scheme that the application takes is,
More than a kind of cabbage type rape anniversary, wheel adds for method, comprises the steps,
Seeds preprocess, seed is positioned in the culture dish being covered with double-layer filter paper, adds water and close the lid, be positioned over 30 DEG C
Constant incubator in cultivate, after seed broken shell dew bud after, carry out artificial vernalization treatment 15-25 in the light culture case putting into 2 DEG C
My god, obtain required Brassica Napus Seedling;
Transplant and seedling management, the described Brassica Napus Seedling through artificial vernalization treatment is implanted in Nutrition Soil, plantation is deep
Degree 1cm, is then placed in being cultivated in illumination cultivation room, and intensity of illumination is 4000-6000lux, and light irradiation time 23.5 hours/
My god, the temperature control before described Brassica Napus Seedling bud differentiation, at 20 DEG C, is observed described Brassica Napus Seedling and is started bud differentiation, temperature
It is controlled to 28-30 DEG C;
Blooming period management, every plant of described Brassica Napus Seedling end the 5th spend after, extract afterbody inflorescence and branched inflorescence, to retain
5 siliques formed earliest;
Rape pod development period management, after the florescence terminates, controls silique to be 1cm with the light source distance in described illumination cultivation room,
Temperature is 35-38 DEG C, to promote the growth of silique;
Seed harvests, and when seed harvests plant when hardening to and can normally germinate in described silique, dries threshing, preserves standby
With;
Adding generation, the seed repeat the above steps harvesting, complete a new round adds generation.
Preferably, more than the described Brassica campestris L anniversary, wheel adds in method, in described Seeds preprocess stage, artificial vernalization treatment
Time be 15 or 25 days.
Preferably, more than the described Brassica campestris L anniversary, wheel adds in method, in described Seeds preprocess stage, artificial vernalization treatment
During, add water in described culture dish, to guarantee seedling vigor.
Preferably, wheel more than the described Brassica campestris L anniversary adds in method, is transplanting and the seedling management stage, in illumination cultivation room
In cultivated during, also include watering and pour the process of compound fertilizer to described Brassica Napus Seedling.
Preferably, wheel more than the described Brassica campestris L anniversary adds in method, is transplanting and the seedling management stage, in illumination cultivation room
In cultivated during, monthly pour compound fertilizer's aqueous solution that concentration is 10g/l.
Preferably, wheel more than the described Brassica campestris L anniversary adds in method, is transplanting and the seedling management stage, described Nutrition Soil sets
Being placed in bottom has in the plastic cup in hole, and multiple described plastic cups are arranged in plastic casing, the battalion of every described plastic cup
Support and in soil, transplant two plants of described Brassica Napus Seedlings.
Preferably, wheel more than the described Brassica campestris L anniversary adds in method, transplants in the Nutrition Soil of every described plastic cup
Described two plants of Brassica Napus Seedlings, in the case of all emerging, wipe out relatively weak one plant.
Preferably, more than the described Brassica campestris L anniversary, wheel adds in method, in the blooming period management stage, carries out artificial supplementary pollination certainly
Hand over or manual detasseling pollination hybridization.
Wheel plus the application in hybridization or back cross breeding for method more than the above-mentioned Brassica campestris L anniversary.
Preferably, more than the above-mentioned Brassica campestris L anniversary wheel plus the application in hybridization or back cross breeding for method, described hybridization or return
The male parent handed over is the kind of period of duration length in two parents, and the female parent of described hybridization or backcrossing is the short product of period of duration in two parents
Kind.
Technical solution of the present invention, has the advantage that
1. more than the Brassica campestris L anniversary that the present invention provides, wheel adds for method, by Seeds preprocess, transplanting and seedling management, flower
The effective control of period management and Rape pod development period management four-stage is it is achieved that the three crops per annual of Brassica campestris L or four ripe (i.e. anniversary three
Wheel or four-wheel add generation), effectively accelerate breeding process, shorten the breeding time limit.And its controlled hot-house culture technology, it is to avoid
Hurrying back and forth in strange land, the saving time, reduces the consumption of man power and material.Wherein, the artificial vernalization treatment condition of the application and seedling
The illumination cultivation condition of management phase, may advantageously facilitate and bloom, and makes plant enter florescence, the processing method in Rape pod development stage in advance
In the case of not affecting germination percentage, accelerate seed development, every plant of described Brassica Napus Seedling end the 5th spend after, extract afterbody flower
Sequence and branched inflorescence, are conducive to shortening the period of duration of individual plant, each management phase cooperates, and are meeting rape growth rule
On the premise of rule, promote its growth, accelerate to develop, rationally shorten its growth cycle, it is achieved thereby that the three crops per annual of Brassica campestris L
Or four is ripe.
2. more than the Brassica campestris L anniversary that the present invention provides, wheel adds for method, is conducive to shortening the period of duration of individual plant.
3. wheel more than the Brassica campestris L anniversary that the present invention provides adds for method, is 185 days about (with reference to China in selected kind period of duration
Double 128, Hua Zhong Agriculture University), the vernalization treatment time is 15 days, can achieve that 1 year four-wheel adds generation, in selected kind period of duration is
200 days about (with reference in double No. 11, Inst. of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agriculture), the vernalization treatment time is 25 days, can be real
Existing 1 year three-wheel adds generation.
4. wheel more than the Brassica campestris L anniversary of the application adds and is applied in backcrossing or cross-breeding for method, accelerates Brassica campestris L high-quality high
Produce the selection-breeding of disease-resistant variety.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
1 year three-wheel of Brassica campestris L adds for method, comprises the steps:
Seeds preprocess, seed (in double No. 11, Inst. of Oil Crops, Chinese Academy of Agriculture) is positioned over be covered with double
In the culture dish of metafiltration paper, add water to guarantee the moisture needed for seed growth, close the lid, be positioned over 30 DEG C of constant incubator
Middle culture, after seed broken shell dew bud, carries out artificial vernalization treatment 25 days in the light culture case putting into 2 DEG C on 3rd, obtains required
Brassica Napus Seedling, for ensure seedling vigor, during artificial vernalization treatment keep culture dish in have appropriate moisture.
Transplant and seedling management, after the plastic cup bottom for 220ml for the volume burrows, fill Nutrition Soil, be placed on one to mould
In magazine, add appropriate water in plastic casing it is ensured that the Nutrition Soil in plastic cup fully absorbs water, in case seedling replanting.
(preferably healthy sturdy Brassica campestris L children will be transplanted in Nutrition Soil in the described Brassica Napus Seedling of artificial vernalization treatment
Seedling), planting depth 1cm, it is then placed in being cultivated in illumination cultivation room, intensity of illumination is 4000lux, light irradiation time 23.5 is little
When/sky, at 20 DEG C, the described Brassica Napus Seedling of observation starts bud differentiation to the temperature control before described Brassica Napus Seedling bud differentiation,
Temperature control is 28 DEG C.
For ensureing emergence rate, in the Nutrition Soil of every described plastic cup, transplant two plants of Brassica Napus Seedlings, if two plants all emerge,
Then wipe out relatively weak one plant.For avoiding the topsoil in plastic cup hardened, in described plastic casing, optimum period, waters, and
Monthly pouring a concentration is the compound fertilizer (n-p of 10g/l2o5-k2O15-15-15 Luxi Chemical Group Co., Ltd.) water-soluble
Liquid.
Blooming period management, every plant of described Brassica Napus Seedling end the 5th spend after, extract afterbody inflorescence and branched inflorescence, to retain
5 siliques formed earliest.For exempting florescence bagging, Brassica campestris L florescence, it is ensured that illumination cultivation interior no worm, is placed into suitable position
Put and avoid other staff to touch individual plant of blooming, for improving setting percentage, carry out artificial supplementary pollination.
Rape pod development period management, after the florescence terminates, controls silique to be 1cm with the light source distance in described illumination cultivation room,
Temperature is 35 DEG C, to promote the growth of silique.
Seed harvests, and when seed harvests plant when hardening to and can normally germinate in described silique, dries threshing and forms a generation
Seed, saves backup;
Secondary breeding, the generation seed repeat the above steps harvesting, complete a new round adds generation, produces secondary seed,
The secondary seed repeat the above steps harvesting, complete the generation that adds further taken turns, generation three generations's seed.
Said process completes required time totally one year.
Embodiment 2
1 year four-wheel of Brassica campestris L adds for method, comprises the steps:
Seeds preprocess, seed (China double 128, Hua Zhong Agriculture University) is positioned in the culture dish being covered with double-layer filter paper,
Add water to guarantee the moisture needed for seed growth, close the lid, be positioned over culture in 30 DEG C of constant incubator, wait to plant within 3rd
After sub- broken shell dew bud, carry out artificial vernalization treatment 15 days in the light culture case putting into 2 DEG C, obtain required Brassica Napus Seedling, for protecting
Card seedling vigor, keeps there is appropriate moisture in culture dish during artificial vernalization treatment.
Transplant and seedling management, after the plastic cup bottom for 220ml for the volume burrows, fill Nutrition Soil, be placed on one big
Plastic casing in, add appropriate water in plastic casing it is ensured that the Nutrition Soil in plastic cup fully absorbs water, in case seedling move
Plant.
(preferably healthy sturdy Brassica campestris L children will be transplanted in Nutrition Soil in the described Brassica Napus Seedling of artificial vernalization treatment
Seedling), planting depth 1cm, it is then placed in being cultivated in illumination cultivation room, intensity of illumination is 6000lux, light irradiation time 23.5 is little
When/sky, at 20 DEG C, the described Brassica Napus Seedling of observation starts bud differentiation to the temperature control before described Brassica Napus Seedling bud differentiation,
Temperature control is 30 DEG C.
For ensureing emergence rate, in the Nutrition Soil of every described plastic cup, transplant two plants of Brassica Napus Seedlings, if two plants all emerge,
Then wipe out relatively weak one plant.For avoiding the topsoil in plastic cup hardened, in described plastic casing, optimum period, waters, and
Monthly pouring a concentration is the compound fertilizer (n-p of 10g/l2o5-k2O15-15-15 Luxi Chemical Group Co., Ltd.) water-soluble
Liquid.
Blooming period management, every plant of described Brassica Napus Seedling end the 5th spend after, extract afterbody inflorescence and branched inflorescence, to retain
5 siliques formed earliest.For exempting florescence bagging, Brassica campestris L florescence, it is ensured that illumination cultivation interior no worm, is placed into suitable position
Put and avoid other staff to touch individual plant of blooming, for improving setting percentage, carry out artificial supplementary pollination.
Rape pod development period management, after the florescence terminates, controls silique to be 1cm with the light source distance in described illumination cultivation room,
Temperature is 38 DEG C, to promote the growth of silique.
Seed harvests, and when seed harvests plant when hardening to and can normally germinate in described silique, dries threshing and forms a generation
Seed, saves backup;
Secondary breeding, the generation seed repeat the above steps harvesting, complete a new round adds generation, produces secondary seed,
The secondary seed repeat the above steps harvesting, complete the generation that adds further taken turns, generation three generations's seed, the three generations's seed weight harvesting
Multiple above-mentioned steps, complete another wheel adds generation, produces four generation seeds, standby.
Said process completes required time totally one year.
Embodiment 3
Adding for method with embodiment 1 in the present embodiment, when it differs only in artificial vernalization treatment, intensity of illumination is
5000lux, described Brassica Napus Seedling starts bud differentiation, and temperature control is 29 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
Adding for method with embodiment 2 in the present embodiment, when it differs only in artificial vernalization treatment, intensity of illumination is
5000lux, described Brassica Napus Seedling starts bud differentiation, and temperature control is 29 DEG C.
Embodiment 5
In cross-breeding plus in generation, the kind selecting embodiment 2 is female parent, and the kind of embodiment 1 is hybridized for male parent
Plus for breeding, male parent is sowed in advance, cultural method with embodiment 1 it is ensured that when female parent is bloomed male parent bloom, and by manually going
Male pollination obtains hybrid seed.
Embodiment 6
In back cross breeding plus in generation, the same kind selecting embodiment 2 is female parent, and the kind of embodiment 1 is carried out for male parent
Plus for breeding, male parent is sowed in advance, cultural method with embodiment 1 it is ensured that when female parent is bloomed male parent bloom, and by manually going
Male pollination obtains backcrossing seed.
Embodiment 7
In cross-breeding plus in generation, the kind selecting embodiment 4 is female parent, and the kind of embodiment 3 is hybridized for male parent
Plus for breeding, male parent is sowed in advance, cultural method with embodiment 2 it is ensured that when female parent is bloomed male parent bloom, and by manually going
Male pollination obtains hybrid seed.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example, and the not restriction to embodiment.Right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description other multi-forms change or
Change.There is no need to be exhaustive to all of embodiment.And the obvious change thus extended out or
Change among still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. more than a kind of cabbage type rape anniversary, wheel adds for method, comprises the steps:
Seeds preprocess, seed is positioned in the culture dish being covered with double-layer filter paper, adds water and close the lid, be positioned over 30 DEG C of perseverance
Cultivate in warm incubator, after seed broken shell dew bud, carry out artificial vernalization treatment 15-25 days in the light culture case putting into 2 DEG C, obtain
To required Brassica Napus Seedling;
Transplant and seedling management, the described Brassica Napus Seedling through artificial vernalization treatment is implanted in Nutrition Soil, planting depth
1cm, is then placed in being cultivated in illumination cultivation room, and intensity of illumination is 4000-6000lux, light irradiation time 23.5 hour/day,
Temperature control before described Brassica Napus Seedling bud differentiation, at 20 DEG C, is observed described Brassica Napus Seedling and is started bud differentiation, temperature control
It is made as 28-30 DEG C;
Blooming period management, every plant of described Brassica Napus Seedling end the 5th spend after, extract afterbody inflorescence and branched inflorescence, only retain earliest
5 siliques formed;
Rape pod development period management, after the florescence terminates, controls silique to be 1cm with the light source distance in described illumination cultivation room, temperature
For 35-38 DEG C, to promote the growth of silique;
Seed harvests, and when seed harvests plant when hardening to and can normally germinate in described silique, dries threshing, saves backup;
Adding generation, the seed repeat the above steps harvesting, complete a new round adds generation.
2. wheel more than the Brassica campestris L anniversary according to claim 1 plus for method it is characterised in that in described Seeds preprocess rank
Section, the time of artificial vernalization treatment is 15 or 25 days.
3. wheel more than the Brassica campestris L anniversary according to claim 1 and 2 plus for method it is characterised in that in described Seeds preprocess
In the stage, during artificial vernalization treatment, add water in described culture dish, to guarantee seedling vigor.
4. according to wheel more than claim 1-3 arbitrary described Brassica campestris L anniversary plus for method it is characterised in that transplanting and seedling pipe
In the reason stage, during being cultivated in illumination cultivation room, also include watering and pour the mistake of compound fertilizer to described Brassica Napus Seedling
Journey.
5. wheel more than the Brassica campestris L anniversary according to claim 4 adds for method it is characterised in that transplanting and seedling management rank
Section, during being cultivated in illumination cultivation room, monthly pouring a concentration is compound fertilizer's aqueous solution of 10g/l.
6. according to wheel more than claim 1-5 arbitrary described Brassica campestris L anniversary plus for method it is characterised in that transplanting and seedling pipe
In the reason stage, described Nutrition Soil is arranged at bottom to be had in the plastic cup in hole, and described plastic cup is arranged in plastic casing.
7. wheel more than the Brassica campestris L anniversary according to claim 6 plus for method it is characterised in that the battalion of every described plastic cup
Support described two plants of Brassica Napus Seedlings of transplanting in soil, in the case of all emerging, wipe out relatively weak one plant.
8. according to wheel more than claim 1-7 arbitrary described Brassica campestris L anniversary plus for method it is characterised in that in blooming period management rank
Section, carries out artificial supplementary pollination selfing or manual detasseling pollination hybridization.
9. wheel plus the application in hybridization or back cross breeding for method more than claim 1-8 arbitrary described Brassica campestris L anniversary.
10. wheel plus the application in hybridization or back cross breeding for method, its feature more than the Brassica campestris L anniversary according to claim 9
It is, the male parent of described hybridization or backcrossing is the kind of period of duration length in two parents, the female parent of described hybridization or backcrossing is amphiphilic
The short kind of period of duration in this.
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Cited By (10)
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CN108738776A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-06 | 林晶 | A kind of bi-annual planting method of STEVIA REBAUDIANA breeding |
CN109197406A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-15 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of stevia rebaudianum anniversary takes turns more plus for breeding technique |
CN109392624A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-03-01 | 青海省农林科学院 | A kind of early stage identification method of juncea multicell rape |
CN109618599A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-04-16 | 江西农业大学 | A method of it widening rapeseed cultivation region and extends rape viewing period |
CN109717021A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-07 | 甘肃农业大学 | The male sterile abductive approach of the strong winter habit temperature sensitive dual purpose lines of Chinese cabbage type winter rape |
CN111296283A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-06-19 | 四川省内江市农业科学院 | Method for producing high-oleic-acid rapeseed in purifying mode |
CN111990103A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-27 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for adjusting flowering synchronization of hybrid seed production of non-heading Chinese cabbages |
CN113040048A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-06-29 | 河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Method for rapidly identifying purity of rape hybrid seeds indoors |
CN114375775A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-04-22 | 任海龙 | Breeding method for quickly transferring purple flowering cabbage gene to flowering cabbage |
CN114651684A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-06-24 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院农业研究所 | Vernalization and generation-adding cultivation method for highland barley |
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CN109392624A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-03-01 | 青海省农林科学院 | A kind of early stage identification method of juncea multicell rape |
CN109618599A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-04-16 | 江西农业大学 | A method of it widening rapeseed cultivation region and extends rape viewing period |
CN109717021B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2021-12-03 | 甘肃农业大学 | Method for inducing male sterility of temperature-sensitive dual-purpose line of strong winter cabbage type winter rape |
CN109717021A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-07 | 甘肃农业大学 | The male sterile abductive approach of the strong winter habit temperature sensitive dual purpose lines of Chinese cabbage type winter rape |
CN111296283A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-06-19 | 四川省内江市农业科学院 | Method for producing high-oleic-acid rapeseed in purifying mode |
CN111990103A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-27 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for adjusting flowering synchronization of hybrid seed production of non-heading Chinese cabbages |
CN113040048A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-06-29 | 河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Method for rapidly identifying purity of rape hybrid seeds indoors |
CN114375775A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-04-22 | 任海龙 | Breeding method for quickly transferring purple flowering cabbage gene to flowering cabbage |
CN114375775B (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-11-29 | 任海龙 | Breeding method for quickly transferring purple flowering cabbage gene to flowering cabbage |
CN114651684A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-06-24 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院农业研究所 | Vernalization and generation-adding cultivation method for highland barley |
CN114651684B (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2023-09-08 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院农业研究所 | Vernalization and substitution culture method for highland barley |
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