CN113040048A - Method for rapidly identifying purity of rape hybrid seeds indoors - Google Patents
Method for rapidly identifying purity of rape hybrid seeds indoors Download PDFInfo
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- CN113040048A CN113040048A CN202110288926.5A CN202110288926A CN113040048A CN 113040048 A CN113040048 A CN 113040048A CN 202110288926 A CN202110288926 A CN 202110288926A CN 113040048 A CN113040048 A CN 113040048A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000011293 Brassica napus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229960002523 mercuric chloride Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L mercury dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Hg]Cl LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000218922 Magnoliophyta Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012154 double-distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly identifying the purity of rape hybrid seeds indoors, which comprises the steps of sterilizing rape seeds, soaking the hybrid seeds in 0.1 percent mercuric chloride solution for 10-15min, and using ddH2Cleaning seeds for 2-3 times, performing low-temperature vernalization treatment in a germination period, placing the sterilized seeds into a culture dish paved with three layers of wet filter paper, placing the seeds into an artificial climate chamber, placing the seeds for 1-2 days at normal temperature for germination, placing the seeds with exposed white germination into an incubator at 2 ℃ or 4 ℃ for low-temperature treatment for 2-3 weeks, and performing artificial low-temperature vernalization treatment to effectively accelerate the growth process by increasing the planting density, the temperature in a growth period, the length of sunshine and the illumination intensity in a seedling period so as to achieve the purpose of rapidly identifying the purity of the hybrid seeds. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention coordinates and controls the temperature, the illumination time and the illumination intensity by artificially performing low-temperature vernalization treatment on the rape seeds, and effectively accelerates the growth process and rapidly identifies the purity of the rape hybrid by increasing the planting density, picking the tops and reducing branches and other technical measures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for rapidly identifying the purity of rape hybrids, in particular to a method for rapidly identifying the purity of rape hybrids indoors, belonging to the technical field of application of a method for rapidly identifying the purity of the hybrids indoors by cabbage type rape.
Background
The seed purity is the core index for identifying the quality of hybrid seeds, and is directly related to the quality and yield of the expanded production of the hybrid seeds. The cabbage type rape hybrid field planting identification usually needs 1-2 growth cycles due to the influence of seasons, so that the requirement of seed supply in actual production is difficult to meet, and the time period for identifying the purity of the hybrid of the cabbage type rape is seriously prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a method for rapidly identifying the purity of rape hybrids indoors.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a method for rapidly identifying the purity of rape hybrids indoors comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sampling, selecting representative plants to harvest 5-7 days in advance after the hybrid seeds on the female parent plants enter a yellow maturing stage, airing and threshing. The duration is as follows: for 1 day.
Step two: sterilizing hybrid seeds, soaking rape seeds in 0.1% mercuric chloride solution for 10-15min, and adding ddH2O, cleaning the seeds for 2-3 times;
step three: and (3) performing low-temperature vernalization treatment in a germination period, namely putting the sterilized seeds into a culture dish paved with three layers of wet filter paper, placing the culture dish in an artificial climate chamber at normal temperature for 1-2 days until the seeds germinate, and putting the germinated seeds exposed to white into an incubator at 2 ℃ or 4 ℃ for low-temperature treatment for 2-3 weeks. The duration is as follows: and (4) 18 days.
Step four: transplanting, namely, the seeds after low-temperature treatment are subjected to indoor seedling revival for 1 to 2 days, and after two cotyledons of the seedlings are completely unfolded, the seedlings are transplanted into a pot with the diameter of 15 cm; increasing the planting density and controlling the planting density to be 7-8 ten thousand plants/mu. 1-5 seedlings are planted in each pot. The duration is as follows: and 2 days.
Step five: and (4) managing in a seedling stage, and placing the transplanted rape seedlings in a culture room for growth. Increasing the growth temperature, wherein the temperature is 25-28 ℃ in the daytime and 20 ℃ at night; prolonging the illumination time, wherein the illumination time is 16h and the darkness is 8 h; the illumination intensity is set to be 500 mu mol/m2Sec; plant shaping: and (3) bolting the rapes for 8-10cm 20 days after transplanting, picking off tops and branches, specifically, removing buds near growing points, reserving 5-8 buds, removing branch axillary buds on stems, and reserving main inflorescences. The duration is as follows: for 40 days.
Step six: managing flowering period, moving to an artificial climate chamber for growth after bolting, increasing the growth temperature, wherein the temperature is 28-30 ℃ in the daytime, 22 ℃ at night, and increasing the illumination intensity to 10000 lux after the illumination is 16h and the darkness is 8 h. The duration is as follows: 4 days.
Step seven: and (3) identifying hybrid species: when 3-5 flowers are bloomed, the fertility of each single plant in the hybrid is distinguished, analyzed and identified one by one, and the purity of the rape hybrid is calculated: and (4) the purity of the hybrid seeds is (the total number of the whole flowering plants-the number of the non-fertile plants)/the total number of the whole flowering plants multiplied by 100%, relevant data are recorded, and phenotypic purity identification results are counted.
Preferably, in the third step, the sterilized seeds are placed in a culture dish paved with three layers of wet filter paper, the culture dish is placed in an artificial climate chamber, the seeds are placed for 2 days at normal temperature until the seeds germinate, and the seeds with white germinate are placed in an incubator at 4 ℃ for low-temperature treatment for 2-3 weeks.
Preferably, the rape seedlings transplanted in the fifth step are placed in a culture room for growth; increasing the growth temperature, wherein the temperature is 25-28 ℃ in the daytime and 20 ℃ at night; prolonging the illumination time, wherein the illumination time is 16h and the darkness is 8 h; setting the illumination intensity to be 500 mu mol/m 2/sec; plant shaping: and (3) bolting the rapes for 8-10cm 20 days after transplanting, picking off tops and branches, specifically, removing buds near growing points, reserving 5-8 buds, removing branch axillary buds on stems, and reserving main inflorescences.
Preferably, in the fourth and sixth steps, the flowering phase management is performed, after bolting, the plant is moved to an artificial climate chamber for growing, the growing temperature is increased, the temperature is 28-30 ℃ in the daytime, the temperature is 22 ℃ at night, the illumination is 16 hours and 8 hours in darkness, the illumination intensity is increased, and the illumination is set to 10000 lux.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for rapidly identifying the purity of the rape hybrid indoors, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that the artificial low-temperature vernalization treatment is adopted, the temperature, the illumination time and the illumination intensity are coordinately controlled, meanwhile, the growth process is effectively accelerated, the growth period is shortened and the purity of the rape hybrid is rapidly identified by the technical measures of increasing the planting density, picking tops and reducing branches and the like. The invention can shorten the identification period to 65 days, and greatly improves the purity identification efficiency of the rape hybrid.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for rapidly identifying the purity of rape hybrids indoors comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sampling, selecting representative plants to harvest 5 days in advance after the hybrid seeds on the female parent plants enter a yellow maturing stage, airing and threshing. The duration is as follows: 1 day;
step two: sterilizing hybrid seeds, soaking rape seeds in 0.1% mercuric chloride solution for 15min, and adding ddH2O cleaning the seeds for 3 times;
step three: and (3) performing low-temperature vernalization treatment in a germination period, namely putting the sterilized seeds into a culture dish paved with three layers of wet filter paper, placing the culture dish in an artificial climate chamber at normal temperature for 2 days until the seeds germinate, and putting the germinated seeds in an incubator at the temperature of 2 ℃ for low-temperature treatment for 2 weeks. The duration is as follows: 14 days;
step four: transplanting, namely, the seeds after low-temperature treatment are subjected to indoor seedling revival for 1 day, and after two cotyledons of the seedlings are completely unfolded, the seedlings are transplanted into a pot with the diameter of 15 cm; 1 seedling is planted in each pot. The duration is as follows: 2 days;
step five: and (4) managing in a seedling stage, and placing the transplanted rape seedlings in a culture room for growth. Increasing the growth temperature, wherein the temperature in the day is 28 ℃ and the temperature at night is 20 ℃; prolonging the illumination time, wherein the illumination time is 16h and the darkness is 8 h; the illumination intensity is set to be 500 mu mol/m2And/sec. The duration is as follows: 48 days;
step six: managing flowering period, moving to an artificial climate chamber for growth after bolting, increasing the growth temperature, wherein the temperature is 30 ℃ in the daytime, 22 ℃ at night, and increasing the illumination intensity to 10000 lux after the illumination is 16h and 8h in the dark. The duration is as follows: 7 days;
step seven: and (3) identifying hybrid species: when 3-5 flowers are bloomed, the fertility of each single plant in the hybrid is distinguished, analyzed and identified one by one, and the purity of the rape hybrid is calculated: and (4) the purity of the hybrid seeds is (the total number of the whole flowering plants-the number of the non-fertile plants)/the total number of the whole flowering plants multiplied by 100%, relevant data are recorded, and phenotypic purity identification results are counted.
Example 2
A method for rapidly identifying the purity of rape hybrids indoors comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sampling, selecting representative plants to harvest 7 days in advance after the hybrid seeds on the female parent plants enter a yellow maturing stage, airing and threshing. The duration is as follows: for 1 day.
Step two: sterilizing hybrid seeds, soaking rape seeds in 0.1% mercuric chloride solution for 10min, and adding ddH2O clean the seeds 2 times.
Step three: and (3) performing low-temperature vernalization treatment in a germination period, namely putting the sterilized seeds into a culture dish paved with three layers of wet filter paper, placing the culture dish in an artificial climate chamber at normal temperature for 2 days until the seeds germinate, and putting the germinated seeds in an incubator at 4 ℃ for low-temperature treatment for 3 weeks. The duration is as follows: 21 days;
step four: transplanting, namely, the seeds after low-temperature treatment are subjected to indoor seedling revival for 1 day, and after two cotyledons of the seedlings are completely unfolded, the seedlings are transplanted into a pot with the diameter of 15 cm; the planting density is increased and controlled to be 7-8 thousand plants/mu, and 5 seedlings are planted in each pot. The duration is as follows: 2 days;
step five: and (4) managing in a seedling stage, and placing the transplanted rape seedlings in a culture room for growth. The temperature in the daytime is 25 ℃, and the temperature at night is 20 ℃; prolonging the illumination time, wherein the illumination time is 16h and the darkness is 8 h; the illumination intensity is set to be 500 mu mol/m2Sec; plant shaping: and (3) bolting the rapes for 8-10cm 20 days after transplanting, picking off tops and branches, specifically, removing buds near growing points, reserving 5-8 buds, removing branch axillary buds on stems, and reserving main inflorescences. The duration is as follows: 45 days;
step six: and managing the flowering phase, namely moving the plant to an artificial climate chamber for growth after bolting, wherein the temperature is 28 ℃ in the daytime, 22 ℃ at night, the illumination is 16h, the darkness is 8h, and the illumination intensity is set to 8000 lux. The duration is as follows: 9 days;
step seven: and (3) identifying hybrid species: when 3-5 flowers are bloomed, the fertility of each single plant in the hybrid is distinguished, analyzed and identified one by one, and the purity of the rape hybrid is calculated: and (4) the purity of the hybrid seeds is (the total number of the whole flowering plants-the number of the non-fertile plants)/the total number of the whole flowering plants multiplied by 100%, relevant data are recorded, and phenotypic purity identification results are counted.
Example 3
A method for rapidly identifying the purity of rape hybrids indoors comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sampling, selecting representative plants to harvest 5 days in advance after the hybrid seeds on the female parent plants enter a yellow maturing stage, airing and threshing. The duration is as follows: 1 day;
step two: sterilizing hybrid seeds, soaking rape seeds in 0.1% mercuric chloride solution for 12min, and adding ddH2O clean the seeds 2 times.
Step three: and (3) performing low-temperature vernalization treatment in a germination period, namely putting the sterilized seeds into a culture dish paved with three layers of wet filter paper, placing the culture dish in an artificial climate chamber at normal temperature for 1 day until the seeds germinate, and putting the germinated seeds in an incubator at 4 ℃ for low-temperature treatment for 2-3 weeks. The duration is as follows: 18 days;
step four: transplanting, namely, the seeds after low-temperature treatment are subjected to indoor seedling revival for 1 day, and after two cotyledons of the seedlings are completely unfolded, the seedlings are transplanted into a pot with the diameter of 15 cm; the planting density is increased and controlled to be 7-8 thousand plants/mu, and 5 seedlings are planted in each pot. The duration is as follows: 2 days;
step five: and (4) managing in a seedling stage, and placing the transplanted rape seedlings in a culture room for growth. Increasing the growth temperature, wherein the temperature in the day is 28 ℃ and the temperature at night is 20 ℃; prolonging the illumination time, wherein the illumination time is 16h and the darkness is 8 h; the illumination intensity is set to be 500 mu mol/m2Sec; plant shaping: and (3) bolting the rapes for 8-10cm 20 days after transplanting, picking off tops and branches, specifically, removing buds near growing points, reserving 5-8 buds, removing branch axillary buds on stems, and reserving main inflorescences. The duration is as follows: 40 days;
step six: managing flowering period, moving to an artificial climate chamber for growth after bolting, increasing the growth temperature, wherein the temperature in the daytime is 29 ℃, the temperature at night is 22 ℃, the illumination is 16h, the darkness is 8h, and the illumination intensity is increased and is set to 10000 lux. The duration is as follows: 4 days;
step seven: and (3) identifying hybrid species: when 3-5 flowers are bloomed, the fertility of each single plant in the hybrid is distinguished, analyzed and identified one by one, and the purity of the rape hybrid is calculated: and (4) the purity of the hybrid seeds is (the total number of the whole flowering plants-the number of the non-fertile plants)/the total number of the whole flowering plants multiplied by 100%, relevant data are recorded, and phenotypic purity identification results are counted.
Compared with the purity identification method of the field hybrid, the results are shown in the following table:
comparison of | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Conventional method for identifying purity of field hybrid |
Time period spent in seed purity identification | 72 days | 76 days | 65 days | 185 days |
And (4) conclusion: through artificial low-temperature vernalization treatment, the temperature, the illumination time and the illumination intensity are coordinately controlled, and meanwhile, through technical measures of increasing the planting density, picking tops and reducing branches and the like, the growth process is effectively accelerated, the growth period is shortened, and the purity of rape hybrid seeds is rapidly identified. The invention can shorten the identification period to 65 days, and greatly improves the purity identification efficiency of the rape hybrid.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A method for rapidly identifying the purity of rape hybrids indoors is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: sampling, selecting representative plants to harvest 5-7 days in advance after the hybrid seeds on the female parent plants enter a yellow maturity stage, airing and threshing;
the duration is as follows: 1 day;
step two: sterilizing hybrid seeds, soaking rape seeds in 0.1% mercuric chloride solution for 10-15min, and adding ddH2O, cleaning the seeds for 2-3 times;
step three: performing low-temperature vernalization treatment in a germination period, placing sterilized seeds into a culture dish paved with three layers of wet filter paper, placing the culture dish in an artificial climate chamber at normal temperature for 1-2 days until the seeds germinate, and placing the seeds with white germination in an incubator at 2 ℃ or 4 ℃ for low-temperature treatment for 2-3 weeks;
the duration is as follows: 18 days;
step four: transplanting, namely, the seeds after low-temperature treatment are subjected to indoor seedling revival for 1 to 2 days, and after two cotyledons of the seedlings are completely unfolded, the seedlings are transplanted into a pot with the diameter of 15 cm; increasing the planting density, and controlling the planting density to be 7-8 ten thousand plants/mu; planting 1-5 seedlings in each pot; the duration is as follows: 2 days;
step five: managing in a seedling stage, namely placing the transplanted rape seedlings in a culture room for growth; increasing the growth temperature, wherein the temperature is 25-28 ℃ in the daytime and 20 ℃ at night; prolonging the illumination time, wherein the illumination time is 16h and the darkness is 8 h; the illumination intensity is set to be 500 mu mol/m2Sec; plant shaping: picking off the tops and branches of the rapes bolting 8-10cm 20 days after transplanting, and specifically, removing buds near growing points, reserving 5-8 buds, removing branch axillary buds on stems, and reserving a main inflorescence;
the duration is as follows: 40 days;
step six: managing flowering period, namely moving to an artificial climate chamber for growth after bolting, increasing the growth temperature, wherein the temperature is 28-30 ℃ in the daytime, 22 ℃ at night, and the illumination intensity is increased to 10000 lux after the illumination is 16h and 8h in the dark;
the duration is as follows: 4 days;
step seven: and (3) identifying hybrid species: when 3-5 flowers are bloomed, the fertility of each single plant in the hybrid is distinguished, analyzed and identified one by one, and the purity of the rape hybrid is calculated: and (4) the purity of the hybrid seeds is (the total number of the whole flowering plants-the number of the non-fertile plants)/the total number of the whole flowering plants multiplied by 100%, relevant data are recorded, and phenotypic purity identification results are counted.
2. The method for rapidly identifying the purity of the rape hybrids indoors as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, the sterilized seeds are placed in a culture dish paved with three layers of wet filter paper, the culture dish is placed in a phytotron, the seeds are placed for 2 days at normal temperature for germination, and the seeds with white germination are placed in an incubator at 4 ℃ for low-temperature treatment for 2-3 weeks;
the rape seeds are cabbage type rape seeds.
3. The method for rapidly identifying the purity of rape hybrids indoors as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rape seedlings transplanted in the fifth step are placed in a culture room for growth; increasing the growth temperature, wherein the temperature is 25-28 ℃ in the daytime and 20 ℃ at night; prolonging the illumination time, wherein the illumination time is 16h and the darkness is 8 h; the illumination intensity is set to be 500 mu mol/m2Sec; plant shaping: and (3) bolting the rapes for 8-10cm 20 days after transplanting, picking off tops and branches, specifically, removing buds near growing points, reserving 5-8 buds, removing branch axillary buds on stems, and reserving main inflorescences.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, the flowering period is managed, the plants are moved to an artificial climate chamber for growth after bolting, the growth temperature is increased, the temperature in the daytime is 28-30 ℃, the temperature in the evening is 22 ℃, the illumination is 16h and 8h, and the illumination intensity is increased and set to 10000 lux.
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Application publication date: 20210629 |
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