CN106258594A - Taxus mairei culture medium and breeding method - Google Patents
Taxus mairei culture medium and breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106258594A CN106258594A CN201610720053.XA CN201610720053A CN106258594A CN 106258594 A CN106258594 A CN 106258594A CN 201610720053 A CN201610720053 A CN 201610720053A CN 106258594 A CN106258594 A CN 106258594A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Taxus mairei culture medium and breeding method, a kind of Taxus mairei culture medium, including the component of following weight proportion: compound fertilizer 15 25 parts, Vermiculitum 5 10 parts, perlite 5 10 parts, yellow soil 8 25 parts；Described compound fertilizer is prepared from by the raw material of following weight proportion: 20 30 parts of distiller grains, sylvan life fertile soil 20 30 parts, 10 15 parts of yeast, muscardine 58 parts, wood flour 15 20 parts.Described culture medium has good water-retaining property and ventilating air permeability; be conducive to the fixing of plant; the survival rate of cultivation under woods Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae can not only be significantly improved, its survival rate be up to 84% and more than, and the yield of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae can be significantly improved; reduce pest and disease damage incidence rate and Pesticide use amount; improve Product Safety, additionally, when the present invention accomplishes scale production; the raw material of described culture medium is easy to get and cheap, greatly reduces cultivation cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Taxus mairei culture medium and breeding method.
Background technology
Taxus mairei is China's preciousness indigenous tree, the wild plant of first-grade state protection, is the precious medicinal plants of collection,
Precious Timber Species, is the most again greening gardens, four-side tree planting green tree species.At China's Chinese yew genus plants, there are 3 kinds 2 changes
Kind, i.e. Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae, Himalaya heavy foliage Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae, Himalaya Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae 3 kinds.And under Himalaya Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae kind 2
Individual mutation, Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae, Taxus mairei.Fujian Province is only distributed Taxus mairei, and Taxus mairei distribution in Fujian Province's is wide, wild shape
Condition distribution is wide, and self-assembling formation history is long, and growth adaptability is wide, and source resource enriches, but due to serious artificial destruction, last century 80
In the age, due to timber export, the ancient big ash cutting loss of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae is caused seriously to reach 80%, so resource falls sharply.
Taxus mairei belongs to aiphyllium, and tree vigo(u)r is graceful, leaf helical arrangement, and base portion reverses row's prestige two and arranges.The age of stand exists
Within more than 30 years, start to yield positive results.Taxus mairei dioecism.Pearl head-ornaments list leave axil, male flower ball, bouquet shape, there is stalk.Female flower
The most bract of globe daisy tool.Zhu Tuo garden plate-like, seed pyreniform.Red during maturation then, time ripe, whole tree is aglow, during seed maturity
Episperm is the sweetest, edible.General staminiferous plant does not produce seed, is only used as pollination, and pollination is used.Taxus mairei is in Fujian Province's kind
Son is grown in more than 30 years greatly on tree, ancient tree, and maturation time about starts gradually ripe after lunar calendar Frost's Descent for 15 days, ripe mark
Will is red.
Due to Taxus mairei have medicinal, material with and turn the four sides green and be integrated seeds, its tree performance is graceful, evergreen all the year round.
Market demand seedlings amount rises rapidly, Taxus mairei antipollution, and can absorb air, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide etc. has poison
Body, is better than other seeds as seeds of turning the four sides green, for being the most all seeds first-selection of turning the four sides green.
Taxus mairei is China first class of protection wild plant, is also highly important a kind of woody medicinal species, contains
One of the most maximally effective cancer therapy drug paclitaxel.According to statistics, whole world paclitaxel annual requirement 3000kg.Huge in the market demand
Greatly and while seriously supply falls short of demand, countries in the world are in order to protect these ancient endangered plants of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae, and numerous and confused legislation is forbidden
It being carried out commerciality gather and utilize, " Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) " is also listed in annex II, it is desirable to
Strictly regulate its international trade, prevent consuming excessively of resource.Thus exacerbating the disparities between supply and demand in paclitaxel market, resource becomes
The bottleneck of restriction plant cell culture enterprise development.To Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae (including Taxus mairei) tame research the most
Progress, has especially carried out Bioecological characteristics, synecology, Forest Cultivation technology, wood structure to Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae
And the systematic research of the aspect such as physical property and chemical composition；Also there are forefathers that chemical composition, the pharmacology of Taxus mairei are made
With, Dormancy Mechanism, cottage propagation etc. studied, but not system.The Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae seedling circulated in the market is all
For artificial culture.A kind of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae cultivating seeds is disclosed in the Chinese patent literature that Authorization Notice No. is CN103444393B
Method, including the selection of nursery and the arrangement in seedbed, collection and the process of seed, sowing pre-treatment and the sowing of seed,
Field management and transplanting, tending ot young growth plantation incubation step, but owing to current tame Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae seedling is mainly distributed
In Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae original producton location, such as Fujian, Guangxi, Jiangxi etc., its yield, quality are the most restricted, and production cost is higher, it is difficult to full
The demand in foot market.
Owing to Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae is harsh to the requirement of growing environment particularly culture medium, introduce a fine variety cultivation cycle length, cost is high, technology
Difficulty is big, and therefore the taxus resource amount of present stage artificial implantation can not meet far away the requirement of plant cell culture enterprise.According to woods
Industry portion verifies, and whole nation Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae raw material forest storage is little, and the medicine source scarcity problem of paclitaxel cannot solve the most in a short time.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above existing for prior art, the invention provides a kind of Taxus mairei culture medium and
Breeding method, described culture medium has the fixing of good water-retaining property and ventilating air permeability, beneficially plant, can not only be notable
Improve the survival rate of cultivation under woods Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae, its survival rate be up to 84% and more than, and the yield of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae can be significantly improved,
Reduce pest and disease damage incidence rate and Pesticide use amount, improve Product Safety, additionally, when the present invention accomplishes scale production, institute
The raw material stating culture medium is easy to get and cheap, greatly reduces cultivation cost.Described cultural method is gloomy with growth naturally
As cultivation base under woods environment, select high-quality and efficient culture medium, make full use of suitably shading of branch and leaf in forest environment
Effect, not only contributes to growth of taxol, can significantly improve the yield of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae, survival rate, footpath, nursery stock ground, and the side of operation
Just, production cost is low.
Technical solution of the present invention is made up of herein below:
One) technical scheme one:
Technical solution of the present invention one provides a kind of Taxus mairei culture medium, including the component of following weight proportion:
Compound fertilizer's 15-25 part, Vermiculitum 5-10 part, perlite 5-10 part, yellow soil 8-25 part；Described compound fertilizer is by following weight proportion
Raw material is prepared from: distiller grains 20-30 part, sylvan life fertile soil 20-30 part, yeast 10-15 part, muscardine 5-8 part, wood flour 15-
20 parts.
Described compound fertilizer is prepared by the following method:
(1) sylvan life fertile soil is pulverized, cross 50 mesh sieves；
(2), after being pulverized by wood flour, 100 mesh sieves are crossed；
(3) will through step (1), step (2) pulverize after sylvan life fertile soil, wood flour, distiller grains, muscardine and yeast with
30-50 part clear water mixing after, with plastic foil airtight after, be exposed to the sun under temperature reaches the sunlight of more than 30 DEG C 10-15 days.
Wherein, described culture medium also comprises plant ash and the soybean cake of 10-15 part of 4-8 part.
Two) technical scheme two:
Technical solution of the present invention two provides a kind of Taxus mairei breeding method, uses following steps to cultivate:
(1) seed collection and storage rest period processing method: collect the seed of wild Taxus mairei, soak with clear water
Bubble, removes the meat on seed coat clean, and is filtered dry moisture；
The thin river sand of 20 centimetres, the then seed of layer overlay Taxus mairei is filled in breeding sand bed；
Then lay the thin river sand of 10 centimetres, repave the seed of last layer Taxus mairei；
The like, thin river sand and Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seeds are laid in interval, lay Rhizoma Imperatae on the thin river sand of the superiors；
(2) seed seedling-raising: Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seeds, behind 18～the rest period of 24 months, checks that seed embryo has and shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally
After, sift out thin river sand, leave the Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae seed showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally, the most whole furrow；Use every furrow furrow face 1～1.2 meters wide, furrow a length of 30
Rice, furrow are high 20 centimetres, and furrow face surrounding holds gutter successfully；Seedbed carries out field soil disinfection with 1% potassium permanganate；
Execute the Taxus mairei culture medium 25 described in technical scheme one～38 kgs/acre, plough under in furrow；Furrow face spreads thin river
Husky 3～5 centimetres；Before seeding and growing seedling, spray nitrofen 0.3～0.5 kg/acre or if so cream 50～60 milli with aerosol apparatus
Liter/mu in furrow face, sowing drilling；Application rate is 7～8 kgs/acre；Seed is sowed yellow soil on bonnet；After planting yellow soil
Upper covering Rhizoma Imperatae；
(3) unearthed management: after Taxus mairei comes up, remove the Rhizoma Imperatae of covering；After 30 days, true leaf grows 1-2 li
Meter Hou Yong aerosol apparatus is watered 30～45 kilograms and sprays clethodim 30-40 milliliter/mu, grows to the 3-5 leaf phase at true leaf, and stem and leaf sprays
Mist, be unearthed seedling Phyllostachys pubescens Mazei ex H.de Lebaie bamboo cane bow member, frame upper cover black shade net；
(4) water and fertilizer management: after coming up, executes the Taxus mairei culture medium 30～40 described in technical scheme one public
Pound/acre；The Taxus mairei culture medium 60 imposed described in technical scheme one every one month～70 kgs/acre；Impose the most again
Taxus mairei culture medium 2 described in technical scheme one～3 times；Every month sprays 1 time again with thiophanate 800 or uses bacterium
Kill 3000 times of star and spray 2 times continuously；
(5) lifting transport: with high more than 25 centimetres and every 50 strains of nursery stock in more than 0.25 centimetre of footpath be 1 bundle, root is adopted
Outer package Caulis et Folium Oryzae or wooden case after yellow mud is mixed with Su Tujia；
(6) seedling is transplanted: the footpath, nursery stock ground of seedling is disposable transplanting the field planting of 3-5 centimetre；Furrow width 1-1.2 rice, often
2 strains planted by rice；The footpath, nursery stock ground of seedling is 5-10 centimetre and progressively transplants with secondary or three times, and furrow width 1-1.2 rice is planted little for every meter
Seedling 1-2 strain；
(7) field management: apply fertilizer after seedling transplanting compound diammonium hydrogen phosphate fertilizer, dose 25-50 kg/acre executes 2-3 every year
Secondary.
Wherein, the compound fertilizer in described Taxus mairei culture medium is prepared by the following method:
1, sylvan life fertile soil is pulverized, cross 50 mesh sieves；
2, after being pulverized by wood flour, 100 mesh sieves are crossed；
3, by sylvan life fertile soil, wood flour, distiller grains, muscardine and the yeast after step 1 and step 2 are pulverized and 30-
After the mixing of 50 parts of clear water, with plastic foil airtight after, be exposed to the sun under temperature reaches the sunlight of more than 30 DEG C 10-15 days.
Wherein, described Taxus mairei culture medium also comprises plant ash and the soybean cake of 10-15 part of 4-8 part.
Wherein, the degree of shading of described breeding sand bed between 75-85%, intensity of illumination is between 2500-4000lux.
Wherein, the air humidity of described breeding sand bed is between 80-90%, and temperature is between 18-25 DEG C.
Wherein, described draining ditch depth 20-30cm, wide 35-45cm.
For prior art, the invention have the advantages that
(1) culture medium provided by the present invention has consolidating of good water-retaining property and ventilating air permeability, beneficially plant
Fixed, the survival rate of cultivating Chinese yew in woods can not only be significantly improved, its survival rate be up to 84% and more than, and can significantly improve
The yield of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae, reduces pest and disease damage incidence rate and Pesticide use amount, additionally, when the present invention accomplishes scale production, described
The raw material of culture medium is easy to get and cheap, greatly reduces cultivation cost.
(2) cultural method of the present invention selects high-quality and efficient culture medium, is formed with beneficially growth of taxol
Natural growing environment, can not only significantly improve yield and the survival rate of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae, and can significantly reduce disease pest incidence rate, improves
The safety of product, the most also has the remarkable advantages such as easy to operate, cultivation low cost.
(3) cultural method of the present invention is conducive to concentrating manpower, financial resources, fertility, reduces management cost, it is achieved fine
Management, promotes its vigorous growth, provides a large amount of high-quality for carrying out rare and endangered medicinal plant Taxus mairei implantation in large scale
Nursery stock, provides technical support and material guarantee for improving sapling multiplication construction of base level.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention and embodiment, present invention is described in detail:
(1) detailed description of the invention one:
The specific embodiment of the invention one provides a kind of Taxus mairei culture medium, including the group of following weight proportion
Point: compound fertilizer's 15-25 part, Vermiculitum 5-10 part, perlite 5-10 part, yellow soil 8-25 part；Described compound fertilizer is joined by following weight
The raw material of ratio is prepared from: distiller grains 20-30 part, sylvan life fertile soil 20-30 part, yeast 10-15 part, muscardine 5-8 part, wood flour
15-20 part.
Described compound fertilizer is prepared by the following method:
(1) sylvan life fertile soil is pulverized, cross 50 mesh sieves；
(2), after being pulverized by wood flour, 100 mesh sieves are crossed；
(3) will through step (1), step (2) pulverize after sylvan life fertile soil, wood flour, distiller grains, muscardine and yeast with
30-50 part clear water mixing after, with plastic foil airtight after, be exposed to the sun under temperature reaches the sunlight of more than 30 DEG C 10-15 days.
Preferably, described culture medium also comprises plant ash and the soybean cake of 10-15 part of 4-8 part.
Described yellow soil produce during referring to yellow soil and big gas and water and biological physics, chemical change and
The loose deposit formed.
Under described forest, fertile soil refers in forest the residual leaf of deadwood of soil top layer trees through putrid fermentation over a long time
The rear eutrophy soil formed, the namely dead twigs and withered leaves eutrophy soil formed with mixing with soil after microbial decomposition.
(2) detailed description of the invention two:
The specific embodiment of the invention two provides a kind of Taxus mairei breeding method, uses following steps to plant
Training:
(1) seed collection and storage rest period processing method: collect the seed of wild Taxus mairei, soak with clear water
Bubble, removes the meat on seed coat clean, and is filtered dry moisture；
The thin river sand of 20 centimetres, the then seed of layer overlay Taxus mairei is filled in breeding sand bed；
Then lay the thin river sand of 10 centimetres, repave the seed of last layer Taxus mairei；
The like, thin river sand and Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seeds are laid in interval, lay Rhizoma Imperatae on the thin river sand of the superiors；
(2) seed seedling-raising: Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seeds, behind 18～the rest period of 24 months, checks that seed embryo has and shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally
After, sift out thin river sand, leave the Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae seed showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally, the most whole furrow；Use every furrow furrow face 1～1.2 meters wide, furrow a length of 30
Rice, furrow are high 20 centimetres, and furrow face surrounding holds gutter successfully；Seedbed carries out field soil disinfection with 1% potassium permanganate；
Execute the Taxus mairei culture medium 25 described in detailed description of the invention one～38 kgs/acre, plough under in furrow；Furrow face spreads
Thin river sand 3～5 centimetres；Before seeding and growing seedling, spray nitrofen 0.3～0.5 kg/acre or if so cream 50～60 with aerosol apparatus
Milliliter/mu in furrow face, sowing drilling；Application rate is 7～8 kgs/acre；Seed is sowed yellow soil on bonnet；After planting gold zone
Rhizoma Imperatae is covered on soil；
(3) unearthed management: after Taxus mairei comes up, remove the Rhizoma Imperatae of covering；After 30 days, true leaf grows 1-2 li
Meter Hou Yong aerosol apparatus is watered 30～45 kilograms and sprays clethodim 30-40 milliliter/mu, grows to the 3-5 leaf phase at true leaf, and stem and leaf sprays
Mist, be unearthed seedling Phyllostachys pubescens Mazei ex H.de Lebaie bamboo cane bow member, frame upper cover black shade net；
(4) water and fertilizer management: after coming up, execute the Taxus mairei culture medium 30 described in detailed description of the invention one～
40 kgs/acre；The Taxus mairei culture medium 60 imposed described in detailed description of the invention one every one month～70 kgs/acre；It
After impose the Taxus mairei culture medium 2 described in detailed description of the invention one～3 times again；Every month sprays 1 again with thiophanate 800
Secondary or spray 2 times continuously with 3000 times of fungus poison star；
(5) lifting transport: with high more than 25 centimetres and every 50 strains of nursery stock in more than 0.25 centimetre of footpath be 1 bundle, root is adopted
Outer package Caulis et Folium Oryzae or wooden case after yellow mud is mixed with Su Tujia；
(6) seedling is transplanted: the footpath, nursery stock ground of seedling is disposable transplanting the field planting of 3-5 centimetre；Furrow width 1-1.2 rice, often
2 strains planted by rice；The footpath, nursery stock ground of seedling is 5-10 centimetre and progressively transplants with secondary or three times, and furrow width 1-1.2 rice is planted little for every meter
Seedling 1-2 strain；
(7) field management: apply fertilizer after seedling transplanting compound diammonium hydrogen phosphate fertilizer, dose 25-50 kg/acre executes 2-3 every year
Secondary.
Wherein, the compound fertilizer in described Taxus mairei culture medium is prepared by the following method:
1, sylvan life fertile soil is pulverized, cross 50 mesh sieves；
2, after being pulverized by wood flour, 100 mesh sieves are crossed；
3, by sylvan life fertile soil, wood flour, distiller grains, muscardine and the yeast after step 1 and step 2 are pulverized and 30-
After the mixing of 50 parts of clear water, with plastic foil airtight after, be exposed to the sun under temperature reaches the sunlight of more than 30 DEG C 10-15 days.Preferably, institute
State plant ash and the soybean cake of 10-15 part also comprising 4-8 part in Taxus mairei culture medium.
Preferably, the degree of shading of described breeding sand bed between 75-85%, intensity of illumination is between 2500-4000lux.
Preferably, the air humidity of described breeding sand bed is between 80-90%, and temperature is between 18-25 DEG C.
Preferably, described draining ditch depth 20-30cm, wide 35-45cm.
(3) embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of Taxus mairei breeding method, uses following steps to cultivate:
(1) seed collection and storage rest period processing method: collect the seed of wild Taxus mairei, soak with clear water
Bubble, removes the meat on seed coat clean, and is filtered dry moisture；
The thin river sand of 20 centimetres, the then seed of layer overlay Taxus mairei is filled in breeding sand bed；
Then lay the thin river sand of 10 centimetres, repave the seed of last layer Taxus mairei；
The like, thin river sand and Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seeds are laid in interval, lay Rhizoma Imperatae on the thin river sand of the superiors；Described
The degree of shading of breeding sand bed between 75-85%, intensity of illumination is between 2500-4000lux；Air humidity 80-90% it
Between, temperature is between 18-25 DEG C.
(2) seed seedling-raising: Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seeds, behind 18～the rest period of 24 months, checks that seed embryo has and shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally
After, sift out thin river sand, leave the Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae seed showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally, the most whole furrow；Use every furrow furrow face 1～1.2 meters wide, furrow a length of 30
Rice, furrow are high 20 centimetres, and furrow face surrounding holds gutter successfully；Seedbed carries out field soil disinfection with 1% potassium permanganate；Described gutter
Deep 20-30cm, wide 35-45cm；
Execute Taxus mairei culture medium 30 kgs/acre, plough under in furrow；Furrow face spreads thin river sand 3～5 centimetres；Seeding and growing seedling
Before, spray nitrofen 0.3～0.5 kg/acre in furrow face with aerosol apparatus, sowing drilling；Application rate is 7～8 kgs/acre；Kind
Son is sowed yellow soil on bonnet；After planting cover Rhizoma Imperatae on yellow soil；
Described Taxus mairei culture medium, including the component of following weight proportion: compound fertilizer 20 parts, Vermiculitum 8 parts, Margarita
8 parts of rock, yellow soil 17 parts；Described compound fertilizer is prepared from by the raw material of following weight proportion: 25 parts of distiller grains, sylvan life fertile soil 25
Part, 13 parts of yeast, muscardine 7 parts, wood flour 18 parts, plant ash 6 parts and soybean cake 13 parts.
Described compound fertilizer is prepared by the following method:
1, sylvan life fertile soil is pulverized, cross 50 mesh sieves；
2, after being pulverized by wood flour, 100 mesh sieves are crossed；
3, by sylvan life fertile soil, wood flour, distiller grains, muscardine and the yeast after step 1 and step 2 are pulverized and 40 parts
Clear water mixing after, with plastic foil airtight after, be exposed to the sun under temperature reaches the sunlight of more than 30 DEG C 13 days.
(3) unearthed management: after Taxus mairei comes up, remove the Rhizoma Imperatae of covering；After 30 days, true leaf grows 1-2 li
Meter Hou Yong aerosol apparatus is watered 30 ~ 45 kilograms and sprays clethodim 30-40 milliliter/mu, grows to the 3-5 leaf phase at true leaf, and stem and leaf is sprayed,
Be unearthed seedling Phyllostachys pubescens Mazei ex H.de Lebaie bamboo cane bow member, frame upper cover black shade net；
(4) water and fertilizer management: after coming up, executes described Taxus mairei culture medium 35 kgs/acre；Chased after every one month
Execute described Taxus mairei culture medium 65 kgs/acre；Impose described Taxus mairei culture medium the most again 2 ~ 3 times；Each
The moon, thiophanate 800 sprayed 1 time again；
(5) lifting transport: with high more than 25 centimetres and every 50 strains of nursery stock in more than 0.25 centimetre of footpath be 1 bundle, root is adopted
Outer package Caulis et Folium Oryzae after yellow mud is mixed with Su Tujia；
(6) seedling is transplanted: the footpath, nursery stock ground of seedling is disposable transplanting the field planting of 3-5 centimetre；Furrow width 1-1.2 rice, often
2 strains planted by rice；The footpath, nursery stock ground of seedling is 5-10 centimetre and progressively transplants with secondary or three times, and furrow width 1-1.2 rice is planted little for every meter
Seedling 1-2 strain；
(7) field management: apply fertilizer after seedling transplanting compound diammonium hydrogen phosphate fertilizer, dose 25-50 kg/acre executes 2-3 every year
Secondary.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of Taxus mairei breeding method, uses following steps to cultivate:
(1) seed collection and storage rest period processing method: collect the seed of wild Taxus mairei, soak with clear water
Bubble, removes the meat on seed coat clean, and is filtered dry moisture；
The thin river sand of 20 centimetres, the then seed of layer overlay Taxus mairei is filled in breeding sand bed；
Then lay the thin river sand of 10 centimetres, repave the seed of last layer Taxus mairei；
The like, thin river sand and Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seeds are laid in interval, lay Rhizoma Imperatae on the thin river sand of the superiors；Described
The degree of shading of breeding sand bed between 75-85%, intensity of illumination is between 2500-4000lux；Air humidity 80-90% it
Between, temperature is between 18-25 DEG C.
(2) seed seedling-raising: Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seeds is after the rest period of 18 ~ 24 months, after checking that seed embryo has and shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally,
Sift out thin river sand, leave the Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae seed showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally, the most whole furrow；Use 1 ~ 1.2 meter wide of every furrow furrow face, a length of 30 meters of furrow, furrow
High 20 centimetres, furrow face surrounding holds gutter successfully；Seedbed carries out field soil disinfection with 1% potassium permanganate；Described draining ditch depth 20-
30cm, wide 35-45cm；
Execute Taxus mairei culture medium 25 kgs/acre, plough under in furrow；Furrow face paving thin river sand 3 ~ 5 centimetres；Seeding and growing seedling
Before, spray if so cream 50 ~ 60 milliliter/mu is in furrow face with aerosol apparatus, sowing drilling；Application rate is 7～8 kgs/acre；Seed
Sow yellow soil on bonnet；After planting cover Rhizoma Imperatae on yellow soil；
Described Taxus mairei culture medium, including the component of following weight proportion: compound fertilizer 15 parts, Vermiculitum 5 parts, Margarita
5 parts of rock, yellow soil 8 parts；Described compound fertilizer is prepared from by the raw material of following weight proportion: 20 parts of distiller grains, sylvan life fertile soil 20
Part, 10 parts of yeast, muscardine 5 parts, wood flour 15 parts, plant ash 4 parts and soybean cake 10 parts.
Described compound fertilizer is prepared by the following method:
1, sylvan life fertile soil is pulverized, cross 50 mesh sieves；
2, after being pulverized by wood flour, 100 mesh sieves are crossed；
3, by sylvan life fertile soil, wood flour, distiller grains, muscardine and the yeast after step 1 and step 2 are pulverized and 30 parts
Clear water mixing after, with plastic foil airtight after, be exposed to the sun under temperature reaches the sunlight of more than 30 DEG C 10 days.
(3) unearthed management: after Taxus mairei comes up, remove the Rhizoma Imperatae of covering；After 30 days, true leaf grows 1-2 li
Meter Hou Yong aerosol apparatus is watered 30～45 kilograms and sprays clethodim 30-40 milliliter/mu, grows to the 3-5 leaf phase at true leaf, and stem and leaf sprays
Mist, be unearthed seedling Phyllostachys pubescens Mazei ex H.de Lebaie bamboo cane bow member, frame upper cover black shade net；
(4) water and fertilizer management: after coming up, executes described Taxus mairei culture medium 30 kgs/acre；Chased after every one month
Execute described Taxus mairei culture medium 60 kgs/acre；Impose described Taxus mairei culture medium 2～3 times the most again；Each
The moon, 3000 times of fungus poison star sprayed 2 times continuously；
(5) lifting transport: with high more than 25 centimetres and every 50 strains of nursery stock in more than 0.25 centimetre of footpath be 1 bundle, root is adopted
Wooden packing cases after yellow mud is mixed with Su Tujia；
(6) seedling is transplanted: the footpath, nursery stock ground of seedling is disposable transplanting the field planting of 3-5 centimetre；Furrow width 1-1.2 rice, often
2 strains planted by rice；The footpath, nursery stock ground of seedling is 5-10 centimetre and progressively transplants with secondary or three times, and furrow width 1-1.2 rice is planted little for every meter
Seedling 1-2 strain；
(7) field management: apply fertilizer after seedling transplanting compound diammonium hydrogen phosphate fertilizer, dose 25-50 kg/acre executes 2-3 every year
Secondary.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of Taxus mairei breeding method, uses following steps to cultivate:
(1) seed collection and storage rest period processing method: collect the seed of wild Taxus mairei, soak with clear water
Bubble, removes the meat on seed coat clean, and is filtered dry moisture；
The thin river sand of 20 centimetres, the then seed of layer overlay Taxus mairei is filled in breeding sand bed；
Then lay the thin river sand of 10 centimetres, repave the seed of last layer Taxus mairei；
The like, thin river sand and Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seeds are laid in interval, lay Rhizoma Imperatae on the thin river sand of the superiors；Described
The degree of shading of breeding sand bed between 75-85%, intensity of illumination is between 2500-4000lux；Air humidity 80-90% it
Between, temperature is between 18-25 DEG C.
(2) seed seedling-raising: Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seeds, behind 18～the rest period of 24 months, checks that seed embryo has and shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally
After, sift out thin river sand, leave the Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae seed showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally, the most whole furrow；Use every furrow furrow face 1～1.2 meters wide, furrow a length of 30
Rice, furrow are high 20 centimetres, and furrow face surrounding holds gutter successfully；Seedbed carries out field soil disinfection with 1% potassium permanganate；Described gutter
Deep 20-30cm, wide 35-45cm；
Execute Taxus mairei culture medium 25～38 kgs/acre, plough under in furrow；Furrow face spreads thin river sand 3～5 centimetres；Nursery
Before sowing, spray nitrofen 0.3～0.5 kg/acre or if so cream 50～60 milliliter/mu is in furrow face with aerosol apparatus, sowing
Use drilling；Application rate is 7～8 kgs/acre；Seed is sowed yellow soil on bonnet；After planting cover Rhizoma Imperatae on yellow soil；
Described Taxus mairei culture medium, including the component of following weight proportion: compound fertilizer 25 parts, Vermiculitum 10 parts, precious
10 parts of pearl rock, yellow soil 25 parts；Described compound fertilizer is prepared from by the raw material of following weight proportion: 30 parts of distiller grains, sylvan life humic
30 parts of soil, 15 parts of yeast, muscardine 8 parts, wood flour 20 parts, plant ash 8 parts and soybean cake 15 parts.
Described compound fertilizer is prepared by the following method:
1, sylvan life fertile soil is pulverized, cross 50 mesh sieves；
2, after being pulverized by wood flour, 100 mesh sieves are crossed；
3, by sylvan life fertile soil, wood flour, distiller grains, muscardine and the yeast after step 1 and step 2 are pulverized and 50 parts
Clear water mixing after, with plastic foil airtight after, be exposed to the sun under temperature reaches the sunlight of more than 30 DEG C 15 days.
(3) unearthed management: after Taxus mairei comes up, remove the Rhizoma Imperatae of covering；After 30 days, true leaf grows 1-2 li
Meter Hou Yong aerosol apparatus is watered 30～45 kilograms and sprays clethodim 30-40 milliliter/mu, grows to the 3-5 leaf phase at true leaf, and stem and leaf sprays
Mist, be unearthed seedling Phyllostachys pubescens Mazei ex H.de Lebaie bamboo cane bow member, frame upper cover black shade net；
(4) water and fertilizer management: after coming up, executes described Taxus mairei culture medium 40 kgs/acre；Chased after every one month
Execute described Taxus mairei culture medium 70 kgs/acre；Impose described Taxus mairei culture medium 2～3 times the most again；Each
The moon, 3000 times of fungus poison star sprayed 2 times continuously；
(5) lifting transport: with high more than 25 centimetres and every 50 strains of nursery stock in more than 0.25 centimetre of footpath be 1 bundle, root is adopted
Wooden packing cases after yellow mud is mixed with Su Tujia；
(6) seedling is transplanted: the footpath, nursery stock ground of seedling is disposable transplanting the field planting of 3-5 centimetre；Furrow width 1-1.2 rice, often
2 strains planted by rice；The footpath, nursery stock ground of seedling is 5-10 centimetre and progressively transplants with secondary or three times, and furrow width 1-1.2 rice is planted little for every meter
Seedling 1-2 strain；
(7) field management: apply fertilizer after seedling transplanting compound diammonium hydrogen phosphate fertilizer, dose 25-50 kg/acre executes 2-3 every year
Secondary.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of Taxus mairei breeding method, uses following steps to cultivate:
(1) seed collection and storage rest period processing method: collect the seed of wild Taxus mairei, soak with clear water
Bubble, removes the meat on seed coat clean, and is filtered dry moisture；
The thin river sand of 20 centimetres, the then seed of layer overlay Taxus mairei is filled in breeding sand bed；
Then lay the thin river sand of 10 centimetres, repave the seed of last layer Taxus mairei；
The like, thin river sand and Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seeds are laid in interval, lay Rhizoma Imperatae on the thin river sand of the superiors；Described
The degree of shading of breeding sand bed between 75-85%, intensity of illumination is between 2500-4000lux；Air humidity 80-90% it
Between, temperature is between 18-25 DEG C.
(2) seed seedling-raising: Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seeds, behind 18～the rest period of 24 months, checks that seed embryo has and shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally
After, sift out thin river sand, leave the Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae seed showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally, the most whole furrow；Use every furrow furrow face 1～1.2 meters wide, furrow a length of 30
Rice, furrow are high 20 centimetres, and furrow face surrounding holds gutter successfully；Seedbed carries out field soil disinfection with 1% potassium permanganate；Described gutter
Deep 20-30cm, wide 35-45cm；
Execute Taxus mairei culture medium 33 kgs/acre, plough under in furrow；Furrow face spreads thin river sand 3～5 centimetres；Seeding and growing seedling
Before, spray if so cream 50～60 milliliter/mu is in furrow face with aerosol apparatus, sowing drilling；Application rate is 7～8 kgs/acre；Kind
Son is sowed yellow soil on bonnet；After planting cover Rhizoma Imperatae on yellow soil；
Described Taxus mairei culture medium, including the component of following weight proportion: compound fertilizer 22 parts, Vermiculitum 7 parts, Margarita
7 parts of rock, yellow soil 20 parts；Described compound fertilizer is prepared from by the raw material of following weight proportion: 25 parts of distiller grains, sylvan life fertile soil 28
Part, 13 parts of yeast, muscardine 7 parts, wood flour 18 parts, plant ash 8 parts and soybean cake 15 parts.
Described compound fertilizer is prepared by the following method:
1, sylvan life fertile soil is pulverized, cross 50 mesh sieves；
2, after being pulverized by wood flour, 100 mesh sieves are crossed；
3, by sylvan life fertile soil, wood flour, distiller grains, muscardine and the yeast after step 1 and step 2 are pulverized and 35 parts
Clear water mixing after, with plastic foil airtight after, be exposed to the sun under temperature reaches the sunlight of more than 30 DEG C 12 days.
(3) unearthed management: after Taxus mairei comes up, remove the Rhizoma Imperatae of covering；After 30 days, true leaf grows 1-2 li
Meter Hou Yong aerosol apparatus is watered 30～45 kilograms and sprays clethodim 30-40 milliliter/mu, grows to the 3-5 leaf phase at true leaf, and stem and leaf sprays
Mist, be unearthed seedling Phyllostachys pubescens Mazei ex H.de Lebaie bamboo cane bow member, frame upper cover black shade net；
(4) water and fertilizer management: after coming up, executes described Taxus mairei culture medium 30 kgs/acre；Chased after every one month
Execute described Taxus mairei culture medium 70 kgs/acre；Impose described Taxus mairei culture medium 2～3 times the most again；Each
The moon, thiophanate 800 sprayed 1 time again；
(5) lifting transport: with high more than 25 centimetres and every 50 strains of nursery stock in more than 0.25 centimetre of footpath be 1 bundle, root is adopted
Wooden packing cases after yellow mud is mixed with Su Tujia；
(6) seedling is transplanted: the footpath, nursery stock ground of seedling is disposable transplanting the field planting of 3-5 centimetre；Furrow width 1-1.2 rice, often
2 strains planted by rice；The footpath, nursery stock ground of seedling is 5-10 centimetre and progressively transplants with secondary or three times, and furrow width 1-1.2 rice is planted little for every meter
Seedling 1-2 strain；
(7) field management: apply fertilizer after seedling transplanting compound diammonium hydrogen phosphate fertilizer, dose 25-50 kg/acre executes 2-3 every year
Secondary.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of Taxus mairei breeding method, uses following steps to cultivate:
(1) seed collection and storage rest period processing method: collect the seed of wild Taxus mairei, soak with clear water
Bubble, removes the meat on seed coat clean, and is filtered dry moisture；
The thin river sand of 20 centimetres, the then seed of layer overlay Taxus mairei is filled in breeding sand bed；
Then lay the thin river sand of 10 centimetres, repave the seed of last layer Taxus mairei；
The like, thin river sand and Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seeds are laid in interval, lay Rhizoma Imperatae on the thin river sand of the superiors；Described
The degree of shading of breeding sand bed between 75-85%, intensity of illumination is between 2500-4000lux；Air humidity 80-90% it
Between, temperature is between 18-25 DEG C.
(2) seed seedling-raising: Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seeds, behind 18～the rest period of 24 months, checks that seed embryo has and shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally
After, sift out thin river sand, leave the Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae seed showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally, the most whole furrow；Use every furrow furrow face 1～1.2 meters wide, furrow a length of 30
Rice, furrow are high 20 centimetres, and furrow face surrounding holds gutter successfully；Seedbed carries out field soil disinfection with 1% potassium permanganate；Described gutter
Deep 20-30cm, wide 35-45cm；
Execute Taxus mairei culture medium 25～38 kgs/acre, plough under in furrow；Furrow face spreads thin river sand 3～5 centimetres；Nursery
Before sowing, spray if so cream 50～60 milliliter/mu is in furrow face with aerosol apparatus, sowing drilling；Application rate is 7～8 kilograms/
Mu；Seed is sowed yellow soil on bonnet；After planting cover Rhizoma Imperatae on yellow soil；
Described Taxus mairei culture medium, including the component of following weight proportion: compound fertilizer 25 parts, Vermiculitum 10 parts, precious
10 parts of pearl rock, yellow soil 25 parts；Described compound fertilizer is prepared from by the raw material of following weight proportion: 30 parts of distiller grains, sylvan life humic
30 parts of soil, 15 parts of yeast, muscardine 8 parts, wood flour 20 parts, plant ash 8 parts and soybean cake 15 parts.
Described compound fertilizer is prepared by the following method:
1, sylvan life fertile soil is pulverized, cross 50 mesh sieves；
2, after being pulverized by wood flour, 100 mesh sieves are crossed；
3, by sylvan life fertile soil, wood flour, distiller grains, muscardine and the yeast after step 1 and step 2 are pulverized and 50 parts
Clear water mixing after, with plastic foil airtight after, be exposed to the sun under temperature reaches the sunlight of more than 30 DEG C 15 days.
(3) unearthed management: after Taxus mairei comes up, remove the Rhizoma Imperatae of covering；After 30 days, true leaf grows 1-2 li
Meter Hou Yong aerosol apparatus is watered 30～45 kilograms and sprays clethodim 30-40 milliliter/mu, grows to the 3-5 leaf phase at true leaf, and stem and leaf sprays
Mist, be unearthed seedling Phyllostachys pubescens Mazei ex H.de Lebaie bamboo cane bow member, frame upper cover black shade net；
(4) water and fertilizer management: after coming up, executes described Taxus mairei culture medium 40 kgs/acre；Chased after every one month
Execute described Taxus mairei culture medium 70 kgs/acre；Impose described Taxus mairei culture medium 2～3 times the most again；Each
Thiophanate 800 sprayed again 1 time or sprayed 2 times continuously with 3000 times of fungus poison star the moon；
(5) lifting transport: with high more than 25 centimetres and every 50 strains of nursery stock in more than 0.25 centimetre of footpath be 1 bundle, root is adopted
Outer package Caulis et Folium Oryzae after yellow mud is mixed with Su Tujia；
(6) seedling is transplanted: the footpath, nursery stock ground of seedling is disposable transplanting the field planting of 3-5 centimetre；Furrow width 1-1.2 rice, often
2 strains planted by rice；The footpath, nursery stock ground of seedling is 5-10 centimetre and progressively transplants with secondary or three times, and furrow width 1-1.2 rice is planted little for every meter
Seedling 1-2 strain；
(7) field management: apply fertilizer after seedling transplanting compound diammonium hydrogen phosphate fertilizer, dose 25-50 kg/acre executes 2-3 every year
Secondary.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of Taxus mairei breeding method, uses following steps to cultivate:
(1) seed collection and storage rest period processing method: collect the seed of wild Taxus mairei, soak with clear water
Bubble, removes the meat on seed coat clean, and is filtered dry moisture；
The thin river sand of 20 centimetres, the then seed of layer overlay Taxus mairei is filled in breeding sand bed；
Then lay the thin river sand of 10 centimetres, repave the seed of last layer Taxus mairei；
The like, thin river sand and Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seeds are laid in interval, lay Rhizoma Imperatae on the thin river sand of the superiors；Described
The degree of shading of breeding sand bed between 75-85%, intensity of illumination is between 2500-4000lux；Air humidity 80-90% it
Between, temperature is between 18-25 DEG C.
(2) seed seedling-raising: Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seeds, behind 18～the rest period of 24 months, checks that seed embryo has and shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally
After, sift out thin river sand, leave the Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae seed showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally, the most whole furrow；Use every furrow furrow face 1～1.2 meters wide, furrow a length of 30
Rice, furrow are high 20 centimetres, and furrow face surrounding holds gutter successfully；Seedbed carries out field soil disinfection with 1% potassium permanganate；Described gutter
Deep 20-30cm, wide 35-45cm；
Execute Taxus mairei culture medium 25～38 kgs/acre, plough under in furrow；Furrow face spreads thin river sand 3～5 centimetres；Nursery
Before sowing, spray nitrofen 0.3～0.5 kg/acre in furrow face with aerosol apparatus, sowing drilling；Application rate is 7～8 kilograms/
Mu；Seed is sowed yellow soil on bonnet；After planting cover Rhizoma Imperatae on yellow soil；
Described Taxus mairei culture medium, including the component of following weight proportion: compound fertilizer's 15-25 part, Vermiculitum 6 parts,
Perlite 9 parts, yellow soil 8 parts；Described compound fertilizer is prepared from by the raw material of following weight proportion: 20 parts of distiller grains, sylvan life humic
30 parts of soil, 10 parts of yeast, muscardine 8 parts, wood flour 15 parts, plant ash 8 parts and soybean cake 10 parts.
Described compound fertilizer is prepared by the following method:
1, sylvan life fertile soil is pulverized, cross 50 mesh sieves；
2, after being pulverized by wood flour, 100 mesh sieves are crossed；
3, by sylvan life fertile soil, wood flour, distiller grains, muscardine and the yeast after step 1 and step 2 are pulverized and 38 parts
Clear water mixing after, with plastic foil airtight after, be exposed to the sun under temperature reaches the sunlight of more than 30 DEG C 11 days.
(3) unearthed management: after Taxus mairei comes up, remove the Rhizoma Imperatae of covering；After 30 days, true leaf grows 1-2 li
Meter Hou Yong aerosol apparatus is watered 30～45 kilograms and sprays clethodim 30-40 milliliter/mu, grows to the 3-5 leaf phase at true leaf, and stem and leaf sprays
Mist, be unearthed seedling Phyllostachys pubescens Mazei ex H.de Lebaie bamboo cane bow member, frame upper cover black shade net；
(4) water and fertilizer management: after coming up, executes described Taxus mairei culture medium 32 kgs/acre；Chased after every one month
Execute described Taxus mairei culture medium 68 kgs/acre；Impose described Taxus mairei culture medium 2～3 times the most again；Each
The moon, 3000 times of fungus poison star sprayed 2 times continuously；
(5) lifting transport: with high more than 25 centimetres and every 50 strains of nursery stock in more than 0.25 centimetre of footpath be 1 bundle, root is adopted
Wooden packing cases after yellow mud is mixed with Su Tujia；
(6) seedling is transplanted: the footpath, nursery stock ground of seedling is disposable transplanting the field planting of 3-5 centimetre；Furrow width 1-1.2 rice, often
2 strains planted by rice；The footpath, nursery stock ground of seedling is 5-10 centimetre and progressively transplants with secondary or three times, and furrow width 1-1.2 rice is planted little for every meter
Seedling 1-2 strain；
(7) field management: apply fertilizer after seedling transplanting compound diammonium hydrogen phosphate fertilizer, dose 25-50 kg/acre executes 2-3 every year
Secondary.
(4) Experimental comparison
Test 1:
It is respectively adopted the breeding method described in embodiment 1-6, changes the culture medium of embodiment of the present invention 1-6 into sylvogenic soil
Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae is cultivated by earth, to the survival rate after the survival rate of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae after cultivation and the cultivation of embodiment of the present invention 1-6
It is measured test, the results are shown in Table shown in 1:
The Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae survival rate (%) that table 1 is cultivated in different substrates
Result of the test shows: under the conditions of equal ambient, and it is low that Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae is directly planted in survival rate in forest soil,
In culture medium of the present invention there is significant difference with the cultivation of direct forest soil in Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae survival rate, 1-8 month institute
Obtaining survival rate to show, in culture medium of the present invention, the survival rate of the Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae of cultivation is cultivated apparently higher than direct forest soil.
Test 2:
The different planting impact on footpath, Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae nursery stock ground, test sets following two planting type respectively, plants phase
The same time, using identical measuring method when i.e. 5 months after results, add up its footpath, nursery stock ground respectively, detailed results is shown in Table 2.
1) facility cultivation pattern: by utilizing the environment bar of a series of facilities and equipment simulation optimum growth of taxol
Part, will Yew planting in the booth of imitative wild environment, culture medium is that turfy soil or turfy soil add 10-15 part
Perlite or the sand of 10-15 part, temperature be maintained at 20-30 DEG C, illumination be 3000-6000lx, humidity be maintained at 70-
90%.
2) sylvan life culture medium cultivation mode of the present invention (i.e. embodiment 1-embodiment 6)
The footpath, nursery stock ground of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae under table 2 different planting
| Planting type | Plant nursery stock footpath, ground (centimetre) of 5 months Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae |
| Facility cultivation pattern | 3.5 |
| Sylvan life culture medium cultivation (embodiment 1) | 5.2 |
| Sylvan life culture medium cultivation (embodiment 2) | 5.3 |
| Sylvan life culture medium cultivation (embodiment 3) | 5.4 |
| Sylvan life culture medium cultivation (embodiment 4) | 5.1 |
| Sylvan life culture medium cultivation (embodiment 5) | 5.5 |
| Sylvan life culture medium cultivation (embodiment 6) | 5.4 |
Result of the test shows: Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae is gathered in the crops after planting 5 months under different planting, uses identical measuring method to enter
Row compares its footpath, nursery stock ground, and under different planting, the footpath, nursery stock ground of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae exists significant difference, cultivation mode of the present invention
The footpath, nursery stock ground of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae (embodiment 1-6) is apparently higher than facility cultivation pattern.The footpath, nursery stock ground of the Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae of facility cultivation is
3.5 centimetre, and the footpath, nursery stock ground of the Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae of the embodiment of the present invention 6 cultivation is 5.4 centimetres.
By above-mentioned it is demonstrated experimentally that use culture medium of the present invention and cultural method can significantly improve cultivation under woods
Time the survival rate of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae and footpath, nursery stock ground thereof, and can effectively reduce its production cost.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention, not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, every utilize this
Equivalent structure or equivalence flow process that bright description is made convert, or are directly or indirectly used in other relevant technology necks
Territory, is the most in like manner included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a Taxus mairei culture medium, it is characterised in that: include the component of following weight proportion: compound fertilizer's 15-25 part,
Vermiculitum 5-10 part, perlite 5-10 part, yellow soil 8-25 part；Described compound fertilizer is prepared from by the raw material of following weight proportion:
Distiller grains 20-30 part, sylvan life fertile soil 20-30 part, yeast 10-15 part, muscardine 5-8 part, wood flour 15-20 part.
Taxus mairei culture medium the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described compound fertilizer is by the following method
Preparation:
1, sylvan life fertile soil is pulverized, cross 50 mesh sieves；
2, after being pulverized by wood flour, 100 mesh sieves are crossed；
3, by sylvan life fertile soil, wood flour, distiller grains, muscardine and the yeast after step 1 and step 2 are pulverized and 30-50 part
Clear water mixing after, with plastic foil airtight after, be exposed to the sun under temperature reaches the sunlight of more than 30 DEG C 10-15 days.
Taxus mairei culture medium the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described culture medium also wraps
Plant ash containing 4-8 part and the soybean cake of 10-15 part.
4. a Taxus mairei breeding method, it is characterised in that: use following steps to cultivate:
(1) seed collection and storage rest period process: collect the seed of wild Taxus mairei, soak with clear water, by seed coat
On meat remove clean, and be filtered dry moisture；
The thin river sand of 20 centimetres, the then seed of layer overlay Taxus mairei is filled in breeding sand bed；
Then lay the thin river sand of 10 centimetres, repave the seed of last layer Taxus mairei；
The like, thin river sand and Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seeds are laid in interval, lay Rhizoma Imperatae on the thin river sand of the superiors；
(2) seed seedling-raising: Taxus chinensis var. mairei Seeds is after the rest period of 18 24 months, after checking that seed embryo has and shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, sieve
Go out thin river sand, leave the Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae seed showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally, the most whole furrow；Using 1 1.2 meters wide of every furrow furrow face, a length of 30 meters of furrow, furrow are high
20 centimetres, furrow face surrounding holds gutter successfully；Seedbed carries out field soil disinfection with 1% potassium permanganate；
Execute the Taxus mairei culture medium 25 38 kgs/acre described in claim 1, plough under in furrow；Furrow face spreads thin river sand 3
5 centimetres；Before seeding and growing seedling, with aerosol apparatus spray nitrofen 0.3 0.5 kgs/acre or if so cream 50 60 milliliter/mu in
Furrow face, sowing drilling；Application rate is 78 kgs/acre；Seed is sowed yellow soil on bonnet；After planting cover thatch on yellow soil
Grass；
(3) unearthed management: after Taxus mairei comes up, remove the Rhizoma Imperatae of covering；After 30 days, after true leaf grows 1-2 centimetre
Being watered 30 45 kilograms with aerosol apparatus and spray clethodim 30-40 milliliter/mu, grow to the 3-5 leaf phase at true leaf, stem and leaf is sprayed, and goes out
Soil seedling Phyllostachys pubescens Mazei ex H.de Lebaie bamboo cane bow member, frame upper cover black shade net；
(4) water and fertilizer management: May in April, execute the Taxus mairei culture medium 30 40 kilograms described in claim 1/
Mu；The Taxus mairei culture medium imposed described in claim 1 every one month 60 70 kgs/acre；Impose right the most again
Requirement Taxus mairei culture medium described in 123 times；Every month sprays 1 time again with thiophanate 800 or uses fungus poison star
3000 times spray 2 times continuously；
(5) lifting transport: be 1 bundle with every 50 strains of nursery stock in high more than 25 centimetres and more than 0.25 centimetre of footpath, ground, root employing place
Soil adds mixes outer package Caulis et Folium Oryzae or wooden case after yellow mud；
(6) seedling is transplanted: the footpath, nursery stock ground of seedling is disposable transplanting the field planting of 3-5 centimetre；Furrow width 1-1.2 rice, plants 2 for every meter
Strain；The footpath, nursery stock ground of seedling is 5-10 centimetre and progressively transplants with secondary or three times, and furrow width 1-1.2 rice plants seedling 1-2 for every meter
Strain；
(7) field management: apply fertilizer after seedling transplanting compound diammonium hydrogen phosphate fertilizer, dose 25-50 kg/acre is executed 2-3 time every year.
Taxus mairei breeding method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described Taxus mairei culture medium
In compound fertilizer be prepared by the following method:
1, sylvan life fertile soil is pulverized, cross 50 mesh sieves；
2, after being pulverized by wood flour, 100 mesh sieves are crossed；
3, by sylvan life fertile soil, wood flour, distiller grains, muscardine and the yeast after step 1 and step 2 are pulverized and 30-50 part
Clear water mixing after, with plastic foil airtight after, be exposed to the sun under temperature reaches the sunlight of more than 30 DEG C 10-15 days.
6. according to the Taxus mairei breeding method described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that: described Taxus mairei is cultivated
Substrate also comprises plant ash and the soybean cake of 10-15 part of 4-8 part.
Taxus mairei breeding method the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the degree of shading of described breeding sand bed exists
Between 75-85%, intensity of illumination is between 2500-4000lux.
Taxus mairei breeding method the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the air humidity of described breeding sand bed
Between 80-90%, temperature is between 18-25 DEG C.
Taxus mairei breeding method the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described draining ditch depth 20-30cm, wide
35-45cm。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107568024A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-01-12 | 陈荣立 | The preparation method of fernleaf hedge bamboo Light media |
| CN109258431A (en) * | 2018-11-25 | 2019-01-25 | 湖北天华林药有限公司 | A kind of Yew cuttage method for culturing seedlings |
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| CN109258431A (en) * | 2018-11-25 | 2019-01-25 | 湖北天华林药有限公司 | A kind of Yew cuttage method for culturing seedlings |
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| CN115399186A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-11-29 | 惠州市林业科学研究所(惠州植物园管理服务中心) | Directional cultivation method for green nursery stock of red bean in Hainan province |
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