CN115399186A

CN115399186A - Directional cultivation method for green nursery stock of red bean in Hainan province

Info

Publication number: CN115399186A
Application number: CN202211215366.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 舒夏竺; 钟小华; 周建芬; 张展鹏; 李家栋; 阳艳萍; 刘德浩
Original assignee: Huizhou Institute Of Forestry Science Huizhou Botanical Garden Management Service Center
Current assignee: Huizhou Institute Of Forestry Science Huizhou Botanical Garden Management Service Center
Priority date: 2022-09-30
Filing date: 2022-09-30
Publication date: 2022-11-29

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for directionally cultivating green seedlings of red beans in Hainan province, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of soaking red bean seeds in a germination accelerating solution, sowing the seeds on a seedbed, covering a layer of mixed matrix, transplanting the red bean seedlings of Hainan into seedling raising containers filled with the seedling raising matrix, spraying a urea solution after 15-20 days of transplantation, applying a compound fertilizer solution every 20-30 days, finally transplanting the red bean seedlings of Hainan into planting holes of a forest land, applying a compound fertilizer every 5-6 months, spraying a foliar fertilizer solution every one year, in the third year of planting, adjusting the density in a mode of interlaced line removal and plant separation and plant removal, and carrying out directional cultivation for 3-5 years.

Description

Directional cultivation method for ormosia hainanensis greening nursery stocks

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a method for directionally cultivating green seedlings of red beans in Hainan province.

Background

The ormosia hainanensis is an evergreen arbor or shrub plant, forms a unique beautiful posture due to the appearance, lines, color, structure, smell and dynamic sense of the ormosia hainanensis, has tender leaves with beautiful color, neat and smooth tree crowns and a leaf-shaped buckeye, is lemon yellow or pink when the tender leaves germinate in spring, then turns to faint yellow, forms dense shade in summer, has luxuriant branches and leaves and good shade effect, and is suitable for street trees, garden trees and shade trees.

However, in the process of cultivating the red beans in Hainan, the requirements on soil are strict, the red beans like acid soil and rich water, the red beans grow slowly, the problem that transplanting survival is difficult exists, and landscape requirements and greening requirements cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, a method for directionally cultivating green seedlings of ormosia hainanensis is needed.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for directionally cultivating green seedlings of red beans in Hainan province comprises the following steps:

soaking the red bean seeds of Hainan into a germination accelerating solution to obtain presoaked red bean seeds of Hainan;

pre-soaking the ormosia hainanensis seeds on a seedbed, covering a layer of mixed matrix on the surface of the ormosia hainanensis pre-soaking seeds, keeping the seedbed moist, and accelerating germination to obtain ormosia hainanensis seedlings;

transplanting the ormosia hainanensis seedlings into a seedling raising container filled with a seedling raising matrix, keeping the seedling raising matrix wet until the ormosia hainanensis seedlings survive, spraying a urea solution 15-20 days after transplanting, and then applying a compound fertilizer solution every 20-30 days to obtain ormosia hainanensis seedlings;

deep ploughing the forest land to form a bed, wherein the positions of the planting holes are fixed on the bed, the distance between every two adjacent planting holes is 1m, and organic fertilizer is applied to each planting hole;

transplanting the red bean seedlings to planting holes of a forest land, applying compound fertilizers at intervals of 5-6 months, spraying foliar fertilizer solutions at intervals of one year, adjusting planting density in a third year of planting in a mode of interlaced line removal and plant separation and plant removal, and directionally culturing for 3-5 years to obtain the red bean seedlings.

In one embodiment, before the step of soaking the ormosia hainanensis seeds in the plant growth regulator, the method further comprises the following steps:

soaking semen Ormosiae Hosiei in disinfectant solution for 20-30min, wherein the disinfectant solution is 0.2% potassium permanganate solution or 1000 times of 50% carbendazim solution.

In one embodiment, the soaking of the ormosia hainanensis seeds in the germination accelerating solution comprises:

soaking semen Adenantherae Pavoninae in germination accelerating solution for 12-24 h, wherein the germination accelerating solution is 40-50 deg.C warm water or 50-100mg/L gibberellin.

In one embodiment, the thickness of the covering of the mixed matrix is 1cm-2cm, the mixed matrix comprising: fine sand and plant ash, wherein the mass ratio of the fine sand to the plant ash is 500-600:1.

in one embodiment, the growth substrate comprises: 10 to 20 percent of fine river sand, 10 to 20 percent of coconut chaff, 20 to 30 percent of peat soil and 40 to 50 percent of humus soil.

In one embodiment, the forest land is deeply ploughed, the positions of fixed-point planting holes are arranged on the ridge, when organic fertilizer is applied to each planting hole, the width of the ridge is 100cm, the height of the ridge is 40cm, the length, the width and the height of each planting hole are 50cm, 50cm and 30cm respectively, and 15-25kg of organic fertilizer is applied to each planting hole.

In one embodiment, the transplanting the small seedlings of ormosia hainanensis to planting holes of a forest land and then dressing compound fertilizers every 5-6 months comprises the following steps:

when the compound fertilizer is applied to the red bean seedlings grown for three years and before, the lateral ditches are buried and applied at the east and west sides or the south and north sides within the range of 30-50cm away from the plant stumps of the red bean seedlings grown for three years, the buried and applied positions of the lateral ditches in two adjacent times are different, and the depth of the lateral ditches is 10cm-15cm;

when compound fertilizers are applied to the small seedlings of the ormosia hainanensis grown in four years and later, arc-shaped grooves are formed above crowns of the small seedlings of the ormosia hainanensis along the projection line of the crowns, and the depth of each arc-shaped groove is 15cm-20cm.

In one embodiment, the foliar feed solution is an aqueous solution of 0.3% monopotassium phosphate and 0.2% -0.6% sucrose.

In one embodiment, further comprising: pruning the small seedlings of the red bean in Hainan province for 1-2 times every year;

cutting branches below 1m from the two-year old and old ormosia hainanensis seedlings;

when the trunk does not reach the directional height, performing re-pinching on competitive branches of the trunk, and reserving other small branches;

when the main trunk reaches the directional height, the extension branches of the main trunk are cultured, and when the lower height of the branches reaches the directional height, the over-dense branches, the over-big branches and the crown-leaning branches are cut off.

In one embodiment, further comprising pest control, the pest control comprising:

in the prevention stage, 1000 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl, 75% chlorothalonil or 50% carbendazim wettable powder is sprayed for 1-2 times per month;

in the initial stage of disease occurrence, 0.5 percent Bordeaux mixture or 5 percent chlorothalonil wettable powder 600-750 times of the mixture is used and sprayed for 1 time every 10-15 days;

when in the full stage of laying eggs, 1000-2000 times of 50% phosphamidon liquid, 1000-1500 times of 50% phoxim or 50% fenitrothion liquid are used for spraying, and the spraying is continuously carried out for 1-2 times every day;

in the adult stage, black light lamp, sugar-vinegar liquid and sex pheromone are used to trap and kill adult.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the directed cultivation method of the green seedlings of the red beans in Hainan provided by the invention can not only improve the germination rate and emergence rate of the red beans in Hainan, but also orient the survival direction of the red beans in Hainan, can well promote the growth of the root systems of the red beans in Hainan, improves the adaptability of the red beans in Hainan to the environment, can better survive and grow after transplantation, and can meet the landscape requirements and greening requirements.

Drawings

To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for directionally cultivating green seedlings of red bean in Hainan province according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a directed cultivation method of ormosia hainanensis seedling comprises the following steps:

and step 110, soaking the red bean seeds of Hainan in a germination accelerating solution to obtain the presoaked red beans of Hainan.

In this embodiment, before putting into vernalization solution with the hainan red bean seed and soaking, still need select the hainan red bean seed, gather when the hainan red bean pod is orange yellow, then put into normal atmospheric temperature clear water with the hainan red bean pod that collects, rub off its red seed coat, it is clean, reject incomplete or malformed seed, thus, the hainan red bean seed size is even and full, can guarantee the germination percentage of hainan red bean seed, and the growing uniformity after sprouting is high, the condition of big young seedling has been avoided appearing, press 1 with hainan red bean seed and clean river sand after the shade-drying: 5, uniformly mixing and storing, properly sprinkling water, and keeping moist for later use.

In the embodiment, before sowing, the stored red bean seeds of the Hainan are taken out, the red bean seeds of the Hainan are placed into a disinfectant to be soaked for 20-30min, namely 0.2% potassium permanganate solution or 50% carbendazim 1000-fold solution is used for soaking for 20-30min for disinfection, germs and pest eggs attached to the surfaces of the red bean seeds of the Hainan can be killed, the influence of plant diseases and insect pests on the germination of the red bean seeds of the Hainan can be reduced, the disinfected red bean seeds of the Hainan are placed into a germination accelerating solution, the germination accelerating solution can enable the red bean seeds of the Hainan to reach the water content capable of normally germinating, the red bean seeds of the Hainan are placed into warm water at 40-50 ℃ or gibberellin at 50-100mg/L for soaking for 12-24 h, wherein the gibberellin can promote the growth of stems and leaves of plants, can enable roots of the plants to grow, can also prevent diseases and contribute to the vigor of the growth of the crops, and the red bean seeds of the Hainan can be well germinated by the action of the appropriate temperature or the plant growth regulator, the enzyme activity of the red bean seeds of the Hainan can be improved, and the germination of the crops.

And 120, sowing the red bean presoaked seeds of Hainan onto a seedbed, covering a layer of mixed matrix on the surface of the red bean presoaked seeds of Hainan, keeping the seedbed moist, and accelerating germination to obtain the red bean seedlings of Hainan.

In the embodiment, the substrate of the seedbed is fine river sand, the seedbed is made into a furrow, the width of the furrow is 100-120cm, the height of the furrow is 20-30cm, and then 0.3% potassium permanganate solution or 50% carbendazim 800-fold solution is used for irrigating the seedbed before sowing, so that germs and insect eggs on the seedbed can be killed.

In this embodiment, the red ormosia hainanensis presoaked seeds are sown on a seedbed at intervals of 3-5cm, and then a layer of mixed matrix with the thickness of 1-2 cm is covered on the surface of the red ormosia hainanensis presoaked seeds, wherein the mixed matrix comprises: fine sand and plant ash, wherein the mass ratio of the fine sand to the plant ash is 500-600:1, the plant ash is the residual ash after the plant burns, has light weight, contains a large amount of potassium and phosphorus, and also contains calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum and other trace nutrient elements, and has obvious fertilizer effect. The mixed matrix is covered on the surface of the red bean presoaked seeds in Hainan, so that the temperature of the matrix on the seedbed can be improved, meanwhile, the loose and ventilated state is kept, the red bean presoaked seeds in Hainan can be promoted to sprout in advance, and the grown red bean seedlings in Hainan are tidy and robust, and the seedling rate is high.

In the embodiment, a small sunshelter is erected on the seedbed by using a shading net with the shading rate of 75-80%, watering is carried out for 1-2 times every day, the seedbed is kept moist, the condition of red bean in Hainan can be better met, and the red bean in Hainan continuously germinates and emerges after 20-30 days.

Step 130, transplanting the ormosia hainanensis seedlings into a seedling container filled with a seedling culture medium, keeping the seedling culture medium wet until the ormosia hainanensis seedlings survive, spraying a urea solution after 15-20 days of transplanting, and applying a compound fertilizer solution every 20-30 days later to cultivate the ormosia hainanensis seedlings.

In this embodiment, when the seedlings of ormosia hainanensis grow 3 to 4 leaves and the height of the seedlings is 7 to 10cm, the seedlings can be transplanted into a seedling container filled with a seedling substrate, the seedling container is a nutrition bag or a planting pot, and the seedling substrate comprises: 10 to 20 percent of fine river sand, 10 to 20 percent of coconut chaff, 20 to 30 percent of peat soil and 40 to 50 percent of humus soil, so that the seedling culture substrate is rich in nutrient elements and beneficial biological bacteria, can improve the physicochemical property and the biological activity of soil, has good water retention and air permeability, and is beneficial to the growth of ormosia hainanensis seedlings. When the ormosia hainanensis seedlings are transplanted, 0.3% potassium permanganate solution or 50% carbendazim 800 times solution is used for disinfecting the surfaces of the ormosia hainanensis seedlings once, after the ormosia hainanensis seedlings are transplanted to a seedling container, a shower head or a sprayer is used for spraying water in a water mist shape, the spraying is carried out for a few times, and the seedling substrate is kept moist.

In the embodiment, a small sunshelter is erected by using a shading net with the shading rate of 50-75%, the ormosia hainanensis seedlings are gradually dismantled after survival, after 15-20 days of transplantation, 0.1% urea solution is sprayed on the ormosia hainanensis seedlings, then 0.3-0.5% compound fertilizer solution is sprayed once every 20-30 days to perform topdressing, the concentration of the compound fertilizer solution is gradually increased along with the growth and lignification degree of the ormosia hainanensis seedlings, clear water is sprayed on the surfaces of the ormosia hainanensis seedlings after each fertilization, the retained fertilizer on leaf surfaces is washed, and the leaves can be prevented from being burnt and polluted. Wherein, the main component of the compound fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, for example, the compound fertilizer is 15-15-15, the total nutrient content is more than or equal to 45 percent, and the effective nitrogen content, the effective phosphorus content and the effective potassium content are the same.

In this embodiment, when to south hainan red bean seedling planting management, still include: for controlling plant diseases and insect pests in the seedling stage of the red ormosia hainanensis, 1000-time liquid of wettable powder of 70% of thiophanate methyl, 75% of chlorothalonil and 50% of carbendazim is sprayed on the red ormosia hainanensis seedlings, 1-2 times of spraying is carried out every month, and when the height of the red ormosia hainanensis seedlings reaches 40-50cm, the red ormosia hainanensis seedlings can be transplanted to a forest land after being out of nursery.

And 140, deeply ploughing the forest land to form a bed, wherein the positions of the planting holes are fixed on the bed, the distance between every two adjacent planting holes is 1 meter, and organic fertilizer is applied to each planting hole.

In the embodiment, a land block with gentle topography, good drainage, deep and fertile soil layer and convenient traffic is selected for deep ploughing, the width of the land is 100cm, the height of the land block is 40cm, planting holes are fixed at positions in the transverse and vertical directions according to the distance of 1m, the length, the width and the height of the planting holes are respectively 50cm, 50cm and 30cm, and 15-25kg of organic fertilizer is applied to each planting hole. The organic fertilizer is a carbon-containing material processed by biological substances, animal and plant wastes or plant residues, contains various organic acids, peptides and rich nutrient elements including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, can provide comprehensive nutrition for the ormosia hainanensis, has long fertilizer efficiency, can increase and update soil organic matters, promotes microbial propagation, improves the physicochemical property and the biological activity of soil, can provide rich nutrient components for the growth and the development of ormosia hainanensis plantlets, and can improve the seedling rate of the ormosia hainanensis plantlets after being transplanted.

150, transplanting the red bean Hainan plantlets into planting holes of a forest land, dressing compound fertilizers at intervals of 5-6 months, spraying foliar fertilizer solutions at intervals of one year, adjusting planting density in a third year of planting in a mode of removing rows in an interlaced mode and removing plants at intervals, and directionally culturing for 3-5 years to obtain the red bean Hainan plantlets.

In the embodiment, small seedlings of ormosia hainanensis are transplanted to planting holes of a forest land after cloudy days or rains from march to may, a seedling culture container is removed during planting, a mud ball is kept not to be loose, if the seedlings are loose to form bare-rooted seedlings, yellow mud is dipped in roots and then planted, then layering and compacting are carried out, the planting depth exceeds the original soil ball by more than 3cm, finally, rooting water is poured enough, the planting density is 100cm multiplied by 100cm, and the survival of the small seedlings of ormosia hainanensis is facilitated.

In the embodiment, after transplanting the young seedlings of the ormosia hainanensis, timely irrigating, timely intertilling and weeding, 50g of compound fertilizer is applied to each plant in 9-10 months of the current year, 50g of compound fertilizer is applied to each plant in 3-4 months and 9-10 months of the second year, and 100-500g of compound fertilizer is applied to each plant in 3-4 months and 9-10 months of the third year, so as to meet the nutrients required for the growth and development of the young seedlings of the ormosia hainanensis. Meanwhile, the density of the red bean seedlings of Hainan is adjusted by adopting a mode of interlacing and separating plants and removing plants after transplanting for 2 years, namely, the distance between two adjacent red bean seedlings of Hainan is adjusted from 1 meter to 2 meters so as to provide enough growth space for the red bean seedlings of Hainan, and the seedlings with larger sizes are directionally cultured, and can be transplanted to be used as a street tree, a garden tree and a bougainvillea tree when the height of the seedlings of Hainan is 3 meters and the diameter at breast height is more than 5cm after planting and culturing for 3-5 years.

In one embodiment, the topdressing of compound fertilizer to the ormosia hainanensis seedlings every 5-6 months comprises: when compound fertilizer is applied to red bean seedlings grown in three years and before, side ditches are arranged at the east and west sides of the red bean seedlings or at the south and north sides of the red bean seedlings at a distance of 30-50cm from the plant roots of the red bean seedlings, the side ditches are arranged at different positions in the east and west sides or in the south and north sides of the red bean seedlings at two adjacent times, the depth of each side ditch is 10-15 cm, namely, the side ditches can be arranged at the east and west sides of 30-50cm from the plant roots of the red bean seedlings at the south and north sides of 30-50cm from the plant roots of the red bean seedlings at the south side during first fertilization, and the side ditches are arranged at the south and north sides of the plant roots of the red bean seedlings at 30-50cm during second fertilization, namely, the positions of the adjacent twice fertilization are different, so that the root system of the red bean seedlings can be promoted to develop all around, and the root system of the red bean seedlings grow uniformly.

In the embodiment, when the compound fertilizer is applied to the small seedlings of ormosia hainanensis for four years and later, an arc-shaped groove is formed above the crown of the small seedlings of ormosia hainanensis along the projection line of the crown, and the depth of the arc-shaped groove is 15cm-20cm. Specifically, the compound fertilizer is applied to the projection line of the crown of the red bean seedlings in Hainan, so that the fertilizer is absorbed by the absorption roots of the peripheral root systems of the red bean seedlings in Hainan, namely the white hair roots at the tips of the root systems, and meanwhile, the root systems of the red bean seedlings in Hainan can be induced to develop towards the periphery to form a large root system, so that the nutrient components can be absorbed from soil, the leaf is luxuriant and the crown is good when the root is deep, the environment after transplanting can be better adapted when the seedlings are subsequently transplanted into street trees, garden trees and shade trees, the adaptability is good, and the survival rate after the red bean seedlings are transplanted is facilitated. And simultaneously, arc ditch is opened along crown projection line in the crown top of hainan red bean young plant, and the thick root that not only can avoid hainan red bean is broken, and too much disconnected thick root probably leads to the root system pathological change, can loosen the soil to the peripheral root system of hainan red bean in addition, and after the root system of outlying brokenly, can promote new root to take place in a large number, can induce the root system to the peripheral development better.

In this embodiment, the main component of the compound fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, for example, the compound fertilizer is 15-15-15, the total nutrient content is greater than or equal to 45%, and the available nitrogen content, the available phosphorus content and the available potassium content are the same, so that nutrients required for growth of the red bean in Hainan can be provided.

In one embodiment, when the small seedlings of the ormosia hainanensis are nursed after being transplanted to a forest land, a foliar fertilizer solution is sprayed to the small seedlings of the ormosia hainanensis in 5 months every year, wherein the foliar fertilizer solution is an aqueous solution of 0.3% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.2% -0.6% of cane sugar, and can prolong the leaf color period and improve the coloring effect.

In one embodiment, when transplanting the ormosia hainanensis plantlet to a forest land for tending, the method further comprises the following steps: pruning the small seedlings of the ormosia hainanensis 1-2 times every year, and pruning branches below 1m from the small seedlings of the ormosia hainanensis grown for two years and before, namely cutting the main trunk extending branches to 2cm positions at the upper ends of the plump buds, so that the growth of the main trunk of the ormosia hainanensis can be promoted. When the main trunk does not reach the directional height, the competitive branches of the main trunk are subjected to re-pinching, other small branches are reserved, the growth of the main trunk of the ormosia hainanensis is facilitated, when the main trunk reaches the directional height, the main trunk extension branches are cultured, and when the lower height of the branches reaches the directional height, the over-dense branches, the over-big branches and the crown deviation branches are cut off, so that the balanced and full crown keeping is facilitated.

In one embodiment, when the ormosia hainanensis plantlet is transplanted to a forest land for tending, the method further comprises the following steps of:

in the prevention stage, 1000 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl, 75% chlorothalonil or 50% carbendazim wettable powder is sprayed for 1-2 times per month, and the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests can be prevented.

In the initial disease stage, 0.5 percent Bordeaux mixture or 5 percent chlorothalonil wettable powder 600-750 times of the solution is sprayed for 1 time every 10-15 days, so that the pesticide can effectively kill pests and germs.

When the egg is in the full stage, 1000-2000 times of 50% phosphamidon, 1000-1500 times of 50% phoxim or 50% fenitrothion are sprayed for 1-2 times a day, so that the pest eggs can be effectively killed, and the prevention and treatment effect is improved.

In the adult emergence period, the adult is trapped and killed by a black light lamp, sugar-vinegar liquid and a sex pheromone, so that the adult can be prevented from gnawing branches and leaves of the ormosia hainanensis seedlings.

In the embodiment, the plant diseases and insect pests of the ormosia hainanensis at the early stage of planting are less, the prevention is mainly taken as the main purpose, the algae spots and the pink moth borer are mainly harmful at the later stage of planting, the algae spots are mainly harmful to leaves or young twigs, the leaf backs of the ormosia hainanensis are light rust spots during disease attack, the algae spots can rapidly develop and are mutually connected into slices, the boundary line between the spots and healthy tissues is clear, leaf flesh tissues at the spots are raised towards leaf surfaces, the rust spots are rusty brown at the later stage, and the whole leaves are covered by rusty brown powder when the disease attack is light, namely, the leaves turn yellow; in severe cases, the conditions of leaf withering and branch withering occur; the peach moth borer is an insect of the moth borer of the lepidoptera snout moth family, which is mainly characterized in that a fruit mold or a fruit band base part is dug by a newly hatched larva to spit and eat fruit peel, then the fruit core is eaten, yellow brown glue liquid is secreted from moth holes, a large amount of insect dung is accumulated around the moth holes to seriously influence the growth of the ormosia hainanensis, and different insect pest control measures are adopted, so that the insect pests of the ormosia hainanensis at different growth stages can be well controlled, and the ormosia hainanensis nursery stock without the insect pests and with strong adaptability is cultivated.

The invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.

Example 1

Soaking 300 red beans in 1000 times of 50% carbendazim solution for 30min, and then soaking in 100mg/L gibberellin solution for 24h to obtain pre-soaked red beans;

pre-soaking seeds of the red beans in Hainan, sowing the seeds on a seedbed, covering a layer of mixed matrix on the surface of the pre-soaked seeds of the red beans in Hainan, keeping the seedbed moist, and accelerating germination to obtain the red beans seedlings in Hainan, wherein the mixed matrix comprises: fine sand and plant ash, wherein the mass ratio of the fine sand to the plant ash is 500:1;

will the red bean seedlings of Hainan transplant to the container of growing seedlings that is equipped with the matrix of growing seedlings in, keep the matrix of growing seedlings moist to the red bean seedlings of Hainan survive, after transplanting 15 days, spray 0.1% urea solution, and later every interval 30 days, apply 0.3% compound fertilizer solution, cultivate and obtain red bean seedlings of Hainan, wherein, the matrix of growing seedlings includes: 10% of fine river sand, 10% of coconut coir, 30% of peat soil and 50% of humus soil.

Example 2

Soaking 300 red beans of Hainan into 1000 times of 50% carbendazim solution for 30min, and then soaking in 50mg/L gibberellin solution for 24h to obtain pre-soaked seeds of Hainan red beans;

sowing the red bean seeds presoaked in Hainan to a seedbed, covering a layer of mixed matrix on the surface of the red bean seeds presoaked in Hainan, keeping the seedbed moist, and accelerating germination to obtain red bean seedlings in Hainan, wherein the mixed matrix comprises: fine sand and plant ash, wherein the mass ratio of the fine sand to the plant ash is 500:1;

will the red bean seedlings of Hainan transplant to the container of growing seedlings that is equipped with the matrix of growing seedlings in, keep the matrix of growing seedlings moist to the red bean seedlings of Hainan survive, after transplanting 15 days, spray 0.1% urea solution, and later every interval 30 days, apply 0.3% compound fertilizer solution, cultivate and obtain red bean seedlings of Hainan, wherein, the matrix of growing seedlings includes: 20% of fine river sand, 20% of coconut coir, 20% of peat soil and 40% of humus soil.

Example 3

Soaking 300 red Hainan beans in 0.2% potassium permanganate solution for 30min, and then soaking in warm water at 40 ℃ for 12h to obtain red Hainan bean pre-soaked seeds;

sowing the red bean seeds presoaked in Hainan to a seedbed, covering a layer of mixed matrix on the surface of the red bean seeds presoaked in Hainan, keeping the seedbed moist, and accelerating germination to obtain red bean seedlings in Hainan, wherein the mixed matrix comprises: fine sand and plant ash, wherein the mass ratio of the fine sand to the plant ash is 600:1;

transplanting the ormosia hainanensis seedlings into a seedling raising container filled with a seedling raising matrix, keeping the seedling raising matrix wet until the ormosia hainanensis seedlings survive, spraying a urea solution after transplanting for 15 days, and applying a 0.3% compound fertilizer solution every 20 days and 30 days later, and culturing to obtain ormosia hainanensis seedlings, wherein the seedling raising matrix comprises: 10% of fine river sand, 20% of coconut coir, 30% of peat soil and 40% of humus soil.

Example 4

Soaking 300 red beans in 0.2% potassium permanganate solution for 30min, and soaking in warm water at 50 deg.C for 12h to obtain red beans pre-soaked seeds;

pre-soaking seeds of the red beans in Hainan, sowing the seeds on a seedbed, covering a layer of mixed matrix on the surface of the pre-soaked seeds of the red beans in Hainan, keeping the seedbed moist, and accelerating germination to obtain the red beans seedlings in Hainan, wherein the mixed matrix comprises: fine sand and plant ash, wherein the mass ratio of the fine sand to the plant ash is 600:1;

will the red bean seedlings of Hainan transplant to the container of growing seedlings that is equipped with the matrix of growing seedlings in, keep the matrix of growing seedlings moist to the red bean seedlings of Hainan survive, after transplanting 15 days, spray 0.1% urea solution, and later every interval 30 days, apply 0.3% compound fertilizer solution, cultivate and obtain red bean seedlings of Hainan, wherein, the matrix of growing seedlings includes: 20% of fine river sand, 10% of coconut husk, 20% of peat soil and 50% of humus soil.

Comparative example 1

Directly sowing 300 red bean seeds in a seedbed, covering a layer of mixed matrix on the surface of the seeds, keeping the seedbed moist, and accelerating germination to obtain the red bean seedlings in the Hainan province, wherein the mixed matrix comprises: fine sand and plant ash, wherein the mass ratio of the fine sand to the plant ash is 500:1;

transplanting the ormosia hainanensis seedling to a seedling container filled with a seedling substrate, keeping the seedling substrate wet until the ormosia hainanensis seedling survives, spraying 0.1% urea solution after transplanting for 15 days, and applying 0.3% compound fertilizer solution every 30 days later, and cultivating to obtain ormosia hainanensis plantlet, wherein the seedling substrate comprises: 10% of fine river sand, 10% of coconut coir, 30% of peat soil and 50% of humus soil.

Comparative example 2

Soaking 300 red beans in 1000 times of 50% carbendazim solution for 30min, and soaking in 150mg/L gibberellin solution for 24h to obtain pre-soaked red beans;

Comparative example 3

Soaking 300 red beans of Hainan into 1000 times of 50% carbendazim solution for 30min, and then soaking in 10mg/L gibberellin solution for 24h to obtain pre-soaked seeds of Hainan red beans;

transplanting the ormosia hainanensis seedling to a seedling container filled with a seedling substrate, keeping the seedling substrate wet until the ormosia hainanensis seedling survives, spraying 0.1% urea solution after transplanting for 15 days, and applying 0.3% compound fertilizer solution every 30 days later, and cultivating to obtain ormosia hainanensis plantlet, wherein the seedling substrate comprises: 10% of fine river sand, 10% of coconut husk, 30% of peat soil and 50% of humus soil.

In the above examples, the time from sowing to sprouting, the sprouting rate and the emergence rate of ormosia hainanensis seeds were counted, and the statistical results are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 statistical results of various indexes of semen Ormosiae Hosiei

As can be seen from table 1, the directed cultivation method for the green seedlings of the ormosia hainanensis provided by the invention can improve the germination rate and emergence rate of the ormosia hainanensis, improve the adaptability of the ormosia hainanensis to the environment, and can better survive and grow after transplantation.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above embodiments only express a few embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A directed cultivation method of ormosia hainanensis seedlings for greening is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The directional cultivating method for ormosia hainanensis seedlings for greening according to claim 1, wherein before the ormosia hainanensis seeds are placed in the plant growth regulator for soaking, the method further comprises:

3. The method for directionally cultivating ormosia hainanensis seedlings for greening according to claim 1, wherein the step of soaking ormosia hainanensis seeds in a germination accelerating solution comprises the following steps:

4. The directed cultivation method of ormosia hainanensis green seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the mixed substrate is 1cm-2cm, and the mixed substrate comprises: fine sand and plant ash, wherein the mass ratio of the fine sand to the plant ash is 500-600:1.

5. the directed cultivation method of ormosia hainanensis seedling as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seedling substrate comprises: 10 to 20 percent of fine river sand, 10 to 20 percent of coconut chaff, 20 to 30 percent of peat soil and 40 to 50 percent of humus soil.

6. The directed cultivation method of ormosia hainanensis green seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the forest land is deeply ploughed, the positions of the fixed-point planting holes are arranged on the land, when an organic fertilizer is applied to each planting hole, the width of the land is 100cm, the height of the land is 40cm, the length, the width and the height of the planting hole are 50cm, 50cm and 30cm respectively, and 15-25kg of the organic fertilizer is applied to each planting hole.

7. The directed cultivation method of ormosia hainanensis seedlings for greening according to claim 1, wherein the transplanting of the ormosia hainanensis seedlings into planting holes of a forest land comprises the following steps of, when compound fertilizer is applied every 5-6 months:

when the compound fertilizer is applied to the small seedlings of the ormosia hainanensis grown in four years and later, an arc-shaped groove is formed above the crown of the small seedlings of the ormosia hainanensis along the projection line of the crown, and the depth of the arc-shaped groove is 15cm-20cm.

8. The directed cultivation method of ormosia hainanensis seedlings for greening according to claim 1, wherein the foliar fertilizer solution is an aqueous solution of 0.3% of monopotassium phosphate and 0.2% -0.6% of sucrose.

9. The directed cultivation method of ormosia hainanensis green seedlings according to claim 1, further comprising: pruning the small seedlings of the red bean in Hainan province for 1-2 times every year;

when the trunk reaches the directional height, the extension branches of the trunk are cultured, and when the lower height of the branches reaches the directional height, the over dense branches, the over big branches and the crown-biased branches are cut off.

10. The directed cultivation method of ormosia hainanensis green seedlings according to claim 1, further comprising pest control, wherein the pest control comprises:

spraying 1000-2000 times of 50% phosphamidon, 1000-1500 times of 50% phoxim or 50% fenitrothion for 1-2 times a day in the full egg laying period;

in the adult stage, black light lamp, sugar and vinegar liquid and sex pheromone are used to trap and kill adult.