CN108293712B

CN108293712B - Open field cultivation method for organic Shanghai green seedling vegetable

Info

Publication number: CN108293712B
Application number: CN201610809618.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖深根; 王卫文
Original assignee: Changsha Tianye Organic Agriculture Co ltd
Current assignee: Changsha Tianye Organic Agriculture Co ltd
Priority date: 2016-08-30
Filing date: 2016-08-30
Publication date: 2020-05-01
Anticipated expiration: 2036-08-30
Also published as: CN108293712A

Abstract

The invention relates to an open field cultivation method of organic Shanghai green seedling vegetables, which comprises the following steps: 1) selecting organic land blocks and preparing soil and making bed; 2) seed selection; 3) seed treatment; 4) determining the seeding quantity and seeding; 5) land irrigation and drainage management; 6) biological comprehensive control of plant diseases and insect pests; 7) harvesting according to the requirements of qualified products; 8) packaging and marketing. The invention develops a soil planting method of seedling vegetables and combines the open field cultivation technology, thereby overcoming the defect of weak light cultivation of the original sprouting vegetables. By adopting standardized operation, the cultivated Shanghai green seedling vegetables are picked when 3-4 leaves are used, so that the seedling vegetables are cleaner and healthier, and the produced seedling vegetables are uniform in growth, high in yield and good in quality. The invention selects soil, soaks seeds, disinfects, and then physically and comprehensively prevents and achieves the standard for harvesting, thereby effectively ensuring that no harmful substances such as medicines, chemicals and the like are polluted in the cultivation, and leading the products on the market to really reach the standard of organic vegetables in factories.

Description

Open field cultivation method for organic Shanghai green seedling vegetable

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural vegetable production, in particular to an open field cultivation method of organic Shanghai green seedling vegetable.

Background

The Shanghai green, also called Shanghai cabbage, Suzhou green, Qingjiang cabbage, Xiao tang cabbage, Qing stem cabbage, Qingjiang cabbage, rape and tablespoon cabbage, is the most common variety of Chinese cabbage in the east China area of Shanghai. One in Jiangzhe is also called "green vegetables" or "small green vegetables". The Shanghai green is a kind of pakchoi, which has less leaves and more stems, and white stems like a calabash, so the Shanghai green is also called as calabash white. Shanghai Qing is characterized by long "Guangming Lei Fang", each leaf is verdure, and each leaf completes the photosynthesis of chlorophyll in the growth period. The species has the shadow of the species everywhere in China, and the species has the distribution in subtropical zone and temperate zone. The Shanghai Qing can keep the elasticity of blood vessels and provide mineral substances and vitamins required by a human body, wherein the vitamin B2 is particularly rich, has the effect of inhibiting ulcer, and has a good effect on skin and eye care after being eaten frequently. Is rich in fiber, and can effectively relieve constipation. The Shanghai green is good for eating, and the Shanghai green is light green in color, fresh and fat and good in taste, and the leaves are tough. At present, the Shanghai Qing is mostly picked when 7-8 leaves exist on the market, and the leaves are fertile but have poor tenderness. The sprouting vegetable is more and more favored by consumers as a high-quality, health-care and pollution-free high-grade special fashionable vegetable. However, the production of the sprouting vegetable does not utilize the soil, and the seeds or the stored nutrients of sprouts are utilized to meet the growth of the sprouting vegetable under indoor weak illumination, because the self nutrition and the external illumination are insufficient and the cultivation conditions and the technical limit are adopted, the sprouting vegetable is often thin and weak in growth, high in fibrosis degree, poor in quality and taste and difficult to meet the organic standard requirements.

With the development of modern technology, the culture technology of vegetables is higher and higher, people hope that Shanghai green can be tender and healthy as seedling vegetables on the basis of keeping original nutrition and taste, and no Shanghai green seedling vegetable capable of being put on the market in batches is available at present. If the Shanghai green produced by the existing cultivation method does not reach the standard of finished vegetables and is picked in advance to be used as seedling vegetables to come into the market, the yield is low, the production cost is high, and the characteristics of seedling vegetables and organic vegetables cannot be achieved. Therefore, how to combine the existing sprout vegetable production technology and the organic vegetable cultivation requirements to innovatively develop a brand-new seedling vegetable open field cultivation method which has the advantages of short growth period, regular growth, crisp and tender taste, unique flavor, rich nutrition, long fresh-keeping period, low leaf residue rate and accordance with the organic requirements is always the problem of continuous exploration and research in the technical field.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to improve and innovate the defects and problems in the background art and provides an open field cultivation method for organic Shanghai green seedling vegetables, which adopts the cultivation requirements of organic vegetables in the whole production process by putting the seedling vegetables on the market.

The invention comprises the following steps:

1. selecting organic land blocks and preparing soil and making beds: selecting a land parcel which is certified or organically converted for three years or more, and requiring fertile soil, convenient irrigation, good drainage, deep upper layer, no disease and pest damage, no prior culture and no cruciferous loam; when the soil does not contain slurry in sunny days, spreading and disinfecting the soil in a whole garden according to the standard of 100-150 kg quicklime per mu, and carrying out soil turning and airing after turning; then, paying off and ditching according to the width of 1.4-1.6 m, and finishing into a high furrow with the furrow surface width of 1.1-1.3 m, the furrow width of 0.3-0.4 m and the furrow depth of 0.2-0.3 m; uniformly spreading commercial organic fertilizer meeting the organic production requirement on the surface of the ridge according to the standard of 500-1000 kg per mu, deeply turning the organic fertilizer into the soil of the ridge surface in combination with land leveling, leveling the surface of the ridge, and leveling and straightening the ridge ditch; in seasons with more rain or areas with higher underground water level, the furrow is made to have a height difference of about 2-5 cm between one end and the other end along the water flow direction, or 1-3 cm between the middle of the furrow, so as to drain water.

2. Seed selection: the method selects the seeds of the Shanghai green variety which are full, free from diseases and insect damages, high in seed purity, high in germination rate and free from rotting and mildew.

3. Seed treatment: before sowing, the seeds are aired for 1 day in sunny days, and the shrunken seeds are winnowed out by a dustpan; soaking the seeds in warm water maintained at 55-60 deg.C for 10-15 min for sterilizing the surface of the seeds, and draining off water.

4. Determining the seeding quantity and seeding: determining the appropriate seeding amount of the field according to the standard that the new seeds are 0.8-1.2 kg of dry seeds per mu or the old seeds are 1.1-1.5 kg of dry seeds per mu, and performing the warm water seed soaking treatment on the seeds according to the method in the step 3) to perform seeding; in order to uniformly sow, the seeds are mixed with the screened dry fine soil or fresh coal ash according to the proportion of 1:1, and the seeds are sowed together; meanwhile, sowing is carried out for 2-3 times according to the total seed amount during sowing so as to ensure uniform sowing.

5. Land irrigation and drainage management: after sowing, filling water into the furrow immediately, keeping the water level flush and the furrow edge deep but not overflowing the furrow surface, namely hanging edges, then pouring the sown furrow surface by using a water ladle, and draining the water in the furrow after drenching; repeating the above operations every day until the seeds sprout and break the soil for emergence for 2-3 days; and then, performing normal water management according to the seedling vegetables.

6. Biological comprehensive control of plant diseases and insect pests: the method has the advantages of short seedling vegetable growth period and less pest and disease damage occurrence, integrates land selection in the early stage of sowing, quicklime soil disinfection, soil tillage and airing, seed disinfection by soaking in warm water, land insertion with yellow boards in the growth period, trap and kill by installing a frequency vibration type insecticidal lamp, and adopts natural botanical biological pesticide technologies such as matrine, osthole, rotenone, veratrine and the like to carry out biological comprehensive control on pest and disease damage, and strictly forbids the use of any chemical pesticide and herbicide.

7. Harvesting according to qualified product requirements: after the Shanghai green vegetables grow for 25-32 days, the plants grow into 3-5 true leaves with 1 heart and can be harvested when the plant height is 10-15 cm; the harvesting is preferably carried out after dew is dry in the morning on sunny days and cloudy days, the harvesting is not suitable for being carried out in rainy and snowy days and when soil is particularly wet, the harvesting is preferably carried out by using a bamboo basket or a plastic basket, the surface of the basket can be covered with a cloth felt for sun protection and moisture preservation when the basket is fully harvested, the weight of the single basket of the seedling vegetable is not more than 10 kilograms, and the cutting of the leaves and the stems and the leaves of the seedling vegetable in the Shanghai period at the same time by using scissors is preferably carried out during the harvesting; the whole plant of the seedling vegetable is required to be harvested completely, the leaves are dark green, thick and complete, the leaf stalks are emerald green, rotten leaves and disease-free leaves are avoided, and the proportion of yellow leaves, insect eyes, silt and sundries is not more than 2%; the yield per mu is 275-350 kg.

8. Packaging and marketing: the harvested qualified Shanghai green vegetables are timely delivered to a warehouse at 4-10 ℃ for precooling treatment, then, according to an order, according to the standard of 6-8 per package and the placing mode of the head and tail of the green vegetables, special organic seedling vegetable packaging boxes are adopted for packaging, after the packaging, organic Shanghai green vegetable labels are attached, and the packaged organic Shanghai green vegetable packaging boxes are packaged on special transport vehicles with cold chain systems, the low temperature of 4-10 ℃ is required to be kept in the cold chain transport process, and the seedling vegetables are prevented from being watered and sprayed with water in the storage and packaging process.

The cultivation method adopts open field cultivation in the whole process.

In one embodiment, the cultivation land block in the step 1) is ploughed and then aired for 3-7 days.

In one embodiment, the fertilizing organic fertilizer applied to the ridge surface in the step 1) is 600-800 kg/mu.

Furthermore, the new seeds sowed by the invention are the new seeds with high germination rate produced in the same year, and the optimal sowing amount is 0.9-1.0 kg/mu.

Furthermore, the Shanghai green seedling vegetable is optimally harvested by growing the plants into 3-4 true leaves and harvesting 1 heart.

Furthermore, the proportion of yellow leaves, insect eyes, silt and sundries in the collected Shanghai green seedling vegetable is not more than 1 percent, which is the best.

The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:

the invention develops a soil planting method of seedling vegetables and combines the open field cultivation technology, thereby overcoming the defect of weak light cultivation of the original sprouting vegetables. By adopting standardized operation, the cultivated Shanghai green seedling vegetables are picked in 3-4 days, and are cleaner and healthier than the existing Shanghai green seedling vegetables which are picked in 7-8 leaves, and the produced seedling vegetables grow regularly, have high yield and good quality. The invention selects soil, soaks seeds, disinfects, and then physically and comprehensively prevents and achieves the standard for harvesting, thereby effectively ensuring that no harmful substances such as medicines, chemicals and the like are polluted in the cultivation, and leading the products on the market to really reach the standard of organic vegetables. The invention adopts organic soil for cultivation, effectively improves the soil structure through disinfection, ploughing, airing and the like, and enables the cultivation soil to be more suitable for the growth of seedling vegetables through refinement and weathering. By ditching and ridging, the daily management is facilitated, and the later-stage irrigation is more facilitated. The invention promotes seedling acceleration and improves germination rate through seed drying and seed soaking, so that the yield reaches 550 jin and 700 jin per mu.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, several embodiments of the invention are set forth below. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

Example 1:

1. the method selects the organically certified open field organic plots, and the plots also require fertile soil, convenient irrigation, good drainage, deep soil layer, no disease and pest damage and no prior culture of the soil park soil planted with cruciferae. When the soil is dry in sunny days, the soil is spread and disinfected in a whole garden according to the standard of 100 kilograms of quicklime per mu, the soil is ploughed, and the soil is aired for 3 days after ploughing. Then, paying off and ditching according to the width of 1.4 m (covering the ditch), and finishing into a high furrow with the furrow surface width of 1.1 m, the furrow width of 0.3 m and the furrow depth of 0.2 m. Then, uniformly spreading commercial organic fertilizer which is produced according to 600 kilograms per mu and accords with the organic standard on the ridge surface, combining with land leveling, deeply turning the organic fertilizer into the soil of the ridge surface, leveling the ridge surface, and leveling and straightening the ridge ditch. In seasons with more rain or areas with higher underground water level, the furrow is finished into a height difference of about 2-5 cm between one end and the other end along the water flow direction so as to facilitate drainage.

2. Selecting new seeds of the Shanghai green variety which are full, free of diseases and insect damages, high in seed purity and high in purity and have high germination rate in the current year, airing the seeds for 1 day in sunny days before sowing, winnowing the shrunken seeds with a dustpan, soaking the seeds in warm soup kept at 55 ℃ for 15 minutes for disinfecting the surfaces of the seeds, and draining water for later use.

3. And (3) determining the seed consumption according to the seeding quantity of 0.9 kg of new dry seeds per mu, and performing seed treatment on the used seeds according to the method in the step 2 to obtain the seeds. In order to uniformly sow, seeds are mixed with fresh coal ash sieved according to the proportion of 1:1 to sow together, and meanwhile, when sowing, sowing is carried out for 2 times (80 percent and 20 percent) according to the total seed quantity. Uniform seeding (seed fresh, low spring and autumn, moderate winter, highest summer)

4. And after sowing, filling water into the furrow immediately, keeping the water surface flush with the furrow edge deep but not spreading over the furrow surface, then watering the furrow surface with a water ladle, draining the water in the furrow after the furrow surface is thoroughly watered, and repeating the operation every day until the seeds sprout, break the soil and emerge on the 2 nd day. And then, performing normal water management according to the seedling vegetables.

5. The seedling vegetable growth period is short, the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests is less, the selection of plots in the early sowing period, the sterilization of quicklime soil, the ploughing and airing of soil, the sterilization of warm-water seed soaking seeds, the trap and killing of yellow board inserted in the plots in the growth period, the trap and killing of a frequency vibration type insecticidal lamp, the biological comprehensive control of the plant diseases and insect pests by adopting the technologies of natural plant source biological pesticides such as matrine, osthole, rotenone, veratrine and the like can be integrated, and any chemical pesticide and herbicide are forbidden.

6. When the Shanghai green vegetables grow for 29 days, the plants grow into 3-4 true leaves with 1 heart, and the plants are harvested with the height of 10-12 cm; the harvesting is preferably carried out after dew is dry in the morning on sunny days and cloudy days, the harvesting is not suitable for being carried out in rainy and snowy days and when soil is particularly wet, the harvesting is preferably carried out by using a bamboo basket or a plastic basket, the surface of the basket can be covered with a cloth felt for sun protection and moisture preservation when the basket is fully harvested, the weight of the single basket of the seedling vegetable is not more than 10 kilograms, and the cutting of the leaves and the stems and the leaves of the seedling vegetable in the Shanghai period at the same time by using scissors is preferably carried out during the harvesting; the whole plant of the seedling vegetable is required to be harvested completely, the leaves are dark green, thick and complete, the leaf stalks are emerald green, rotten leaves and disease-free leaves are avoided, and the proportion of yellow leaves, insect eyes, silt and sundries is not more than 2%; the yield per mu is 315 kg.

7. The harvested qualified Shanghai green vegetables are timely conveyed to a warehouse at 8 ℃ for precooling treatment, then, according to an order, according to 8-two standards of each package, and according to a placing mode that the heads and tails of the green vegetables are consistent, a special organic seedling vegetable packaging box is adopted for packaging, after packaging, an organic Shanghai green vegetable label is attached, and a special transport vehicle with a cold chain system is packaged, wherein the low temperature of 10 ℃ is required to be kept in the cold chain transportation process, and the seedling vegetables are prevented from being watered and sprayed with water in the storage and packaging process.

Example 2:

1. the open field land block organically converted for three years is selected, and the soil is fertile, convenient to irrigate, good in drainage, deep in soil layer, free of diseases and insect hazards and free of planting of cruciferous loam garden soil in the future. When the soil is dry in sunny days, the soil is spread and disinfected in a whole garden according to the standard of 120 kilograms of quicklime per mu, the soil is ploughed, and the soil is aired for 5 days after ploughing. Then, paying off and ditching according to the width of 1.5 meters (covering the ditch), and finishing into a high furrow with the furrow surface width of 1.2 meters, the furrow width of 0.3 meters and the furrow depth of 0.2 meters. And then uniformly spreading commercial organic fertilizer which is produced according to 700 kilograms per mu and accords with the organic standard on the ridge surface, combining land leveling, deeply turning the organic fertilizer into the soil of the ridge surface, leveling the ridge surface, and leveling and straightening the ridge ditch. In seasons with more rain or areas with higher underground water level, the furrow is finished into a height difference of about 2-5 cm between one end and the other end along the water flow direction so as to facilitate drainage.

2. Selecting and selecting the mature Shanghai green variety with plump seeds, no disease and pest damage, high seed purity, high germination rate and no rot and mildew, and performing a germination rate experiment to obtain 75 percent of germination rate; before sowing, seeds are aired for 1 day in a sunny day, the shrunken seeds are winnowed out by a dustpan, the seeds are soaked in warm soup at 60 ℃ for 13 minutes, and then the water is drained for standby.

3. Determining the seed consumption according to the seeding rate of 1.5 kilograms of aged seeds (aged seeds, seeds with low germination rate, suitable for high-temperature drought seasons and more seeding rate) dry seeds per mu, and performing seed treatment on the seeds according to the method in the step 2 to perform seeding. In order to uniformly sow, the seeds can be mixed with dry fine soil according to the proportion of 1:1, and meanwhile, when sowing, sowing is carried out for 3 times (60%, 20% and 20%) according to the total seed quantity. Uniform seeding (seed fresh, low spring and autumn, moderate winter, highest summer)

4. And after sowing, filling water into the furrow immediately, keeping the water surface flush with the furrow edge deep but not spreading over the furrow surface, then watering the furrow surface with a water ladle, draining the water in the furrow after the furrow surface is thoroughly watered, and repeating the operation every day until the seeds sprout, break the soil and emerge on day 3. According to normal moisture management.

5. The growth period of the seedling vegetable is short, the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests is less, the seeds are soaked in warm water for disinfection in the former period, and the integrated mode of yellow board trapping and killing, insect killing by an insect lamp and quicklime soil disinfection in the later period is combined for comprehensive control.

6. Harvesting when the Shanghai green vegetables grow for 32 days, the plants grow into 3-4 true leaves with 1 heart and the height of the plants is 10-12 cm; the harvesting is preferably carried out after dew is dry in the morning on sunny days and cloudy days, the harvesting is not suitable for being carried out in rainy and snowy days and when soil is particularly wet, the harvesting is preferably carried out by using a bamboo basket or a plastic basket, the surface of the basket can be covered with a cloth felt for sun protection and moisture preservation when the basket is fully harvested, the weight of the single basket of the seedling vegetable is not more than 10 kilograms, and the cutting of the leaves and the stems and the leaves of the seedling vegetable in the Shanghai period at the same time by using scissors is preferably carried out during the harvesting; the whole plant of the seedling vegetable is required to be harvested completely, the leaves are dark green, thick and complete, the leaf stalks are emerald green, rotten leaves and disease-free leaves are avoided, and the proportion of yellow leaves, insect eyes, silt and sundries is not more than 2%; the yield per mu is 300 kg.

7. The harvested qualified Shanghai green vegetables are timely conveyed to a warehouse at 8 ℃ for precooling treatment, then, according to an order, according to 6-two standards of each package and according to a placing mode that the heads and tails of the green vegetables are consistent, a special organic seedling vegetable packaging box is adopted for packaging, after packaging, an organic Shanghai green vegetable label is attached, and a special transport vehicle with a cold chain system is packaged, so that the low temperature of 8 ℃ is required to be kept in the cold chain transportation process, and the seedling vegetables are prevented from being watered and sprayed with water in the storage and packaging process.

Example 3:

1. the open field land block organically converted for four years is selected, and the soil is fertile, convenient to irrigate, good in drainage, deep in soil layer, free of diseases and insect hazards and free of planting of cruciferous loam garden soil in the future. When the soil is dry in sunny days, the soil is spread and disinfected in a whole garden according to the standard of 150 kilograms of quicklime per mu, the soil is ploughed, and the soil is aired for 7 days after ploughing. Then, paying off and ditching according to the width of 1.6 meters (covering the ditch), and finishing into a high furrow with the furrow surface width of 1.3 meters, the furrow width of 0.4 meters and the furrow depth of 0.3 meters. Then uniformly spreading the commercial organic fertilizer which is produced according to 800 kilograms per mu and accords with the organic standard on the ridge surface, combining with land leveling, deeply turning the organic fertilizer into the soil of the ridge surface, leveling the ridge surface, and leveling and straightening the ridge ditch. In seasons with more rain or areas with higher underground water level, the furrow is finished to be a little higher than the two ends by 1-3 cm in the middle so as to facilitate drainage.

2. Selecting new seeds of the Shanghai green variety which are full, free of diseases and insect damages, high in seed purity and high in purity and have high germination rate in the current year, airing the seeds for 1 day in sunny days before sowing, winnowing the shrunken seeds with a dustpan, soaking the seeds in warm soup at 58 ℃ for 12 minutes, and draining water for later use.

3. And (3) determining the seed consumption according to the seeding quantity of 1.1 kg of new dry seeds per mu, and performing seed treatment on the seeds according to the method in the step 2 to obtain the seeds. In order to uniformly sow, the seeds can be mixed with dry fine soil according to the proportion of 1:1, and meanwhile, when sowing, sowing is carried out for 2 times (70 percent and 30 percent) according to the total seed quantity. Uniform seeding (seed fresh, low spring and autumn, moderate winter, highest summer)

6. Harvesting when the Shanghai green vegetables grow for 32 days and the plants grow into 4-5 true leaves with 1 heart and the plant height is 12-15 cm; the harvesting is preferably carried out after dew is dry in the morning on sunny days and cloudy days, the harvesting is not suitable for being carried out in rainy and snowy days and when soil is particularly wet, the harvesting is preferably carried out by using a bamboo basket or a plastic basket, the surface of the basket can be covered with a cloth felt for sun protection and moisture preservation when the basket is fully harvested, the weight of the single basket of the seedling vegetable is not more than 10 kilograms, and the cutting of the leaves and the stems and the leaves of the seedling vegetable in the Shanghai period at the same time by using scissors is preferably carried out during the harvesting; the whole plant of the seedling vegetable is required to be harvested completely, the leaves are dark green, thick and complete, the leaf stalks are emerald green, rotten leaves and disease-free leaves are avoided, and the proportion of yellow leaves, insect eyes, silt and sundries is not more than 2%; the harvest rate per mu is 350 kg.

7. The harvested qualified Shanghai green vegetables are timely conveyed to a 7 ℃ warehouse for precooling treatment, then, according to an order, according to the standard of 7 two per package, and according to the placing mode of the head and tail of the green vegetables, a special organic seedling vegetable packaging box is adopted for packaging, after the packaging, an organic Shanghai green vegetable label is attached, and a special transport vehicle with a cold chain system is packaged, wherein the low temperature of 9 ℃ is required to be kept in the cold chain transportation process, and the seedling vegetables are prevented from being watered and sprayed with water in the storage and packaging process.

The embodiments of the present invention are described only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not for the limitation of the concept and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention shall fall into the protection scope of the present invention, and the technical content of the present invention which is claimed is fully set forth in the claims.

Claims

1. An open field cultivation method for organic Shanghai green seedling vegetables is characterized in that the open field cultivation is adopted in the whole cultivation method, and the method comprises the following steps:

1) selecting organic land blocks and preparing soil and making beds:

selecting a land parcel which is certified or organically converted for three years or more, and requiring fertile soil, convenient irrigation, good drainage, deep soil layer, no disease and pest damage and no cruciferous loam planted in the prior art;

when the soil in fine days does not contain slurry, spreading and disinfecting the soil in the whole garden according to the standard of 100-150 kg quicklime per mu, and ploughing the soil, and airing for 3-7 days after ploughing; then, paying off and ditching according to the width of 1.4-1.6 m, and finishing into a high furrow with the furrow surface width of 1.1-1.3 m, the furrow width of 0.3-0.4 m and the furrow depth of 0.2-0.3 m; uniformly spreading commercial organic fertilizer meeting the organic production requirement on the surface of the ridge according to the standard of 600-800 kg per mu, deeply turning the organic fertilizer into the soil of the ridge surface in combination with land leveling, leveling the surface of the ridge, and leveling and straightening the ridge ditch; in seasons with more rainwater or areas with higher underground water level, the furrow is made to have a height difference of 2-5 cm higher at one end than at the other end along the water flow direction, or 1-3 cm higher at the middle part of the furrow so as to drain water;

2) seed selection:

selecting seeds of the Shanghai green variety which are full, free of diseases and insect damages, high in seed purity, high in germination rate and free of rotting and mildew;

3) seed treatment:

before sowing, the seeds are aired for 1 day in sunny days, and the shrunken seeds are winnowed out by a dustpan; continuously soaking the seeds in warm water kept at 55-60 ℃ for 10-15 minutes to sterilize the surfaces of the seeds, and then draining the water for later use;

4) determining the seeding quantity and seeding:

determining the appropriate seeding amount of the field according to the standard that new seeds with high germination rate are produced in the current year and the dry seeds are 0.9-1.0 kg per mu or old seeds are 1.1-1.5 kg per mu, and performing the warm water seed soaking treatment on the seeds according to the method in the step 3) to perform seeding; in order to uniformly sow, mixing the seeds with screened dry fine soil or fresh coal ash according to the proportion of 1:1, and sowing the seeds together; meanwhile, sowing is carried out for 2-3 times according to the total seed amount during sowing so as to ensure uniform sowing;

5) land irrigation and drainage management:

after sowing, filling water into the furrow immediately, keeping the water level flush and the furrow edge deep but not overflowing the furrow surface, namely hanging edges, then pouring the sown furrow surface by using a water ladle, and draining the water in the furrow after drenching; repeating the above operations every day until the seeds sprout and break the soil for emergence for 2-3 days; then, the seedling vegetables are managed according to normal moisture;

6) biological comprehensive control of plant diseases and insect pests:

the method has the advantages that the seedling vegetable growth period is short, the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests is few, the selection of plots in the early stage of seeding, the sterilization of quicklime soil, the ploughing and airing of soil, the sterilization of warm-soup seed soaking seeds, the trap killing of the plots in the growth period by inserting yellow boards, the trap killing by installing frequency-vibrating insecticidal lamps, and the biological comprehensive control of the plant diseases and insect pests by adopting natural botanical biopesticides of matrine, osthole, rotenone and veratrine are integrated, and any chemical pesticide and herbicide are forbidden;

7) harvesting according to qualified product requirements:

collecting when the plants grow into 3-4 true leaves with 1 heart and the plant height is 10-15 cm after the Shanghai green vegetables grow for 25-32 days; the harvesting is preferably carried out after dew is dry in the morning on sunny days and cloudy days, the harvesting is not suitable for being carried out in rainy and snowy days and when soil is particularly wet, the harvesting is preferably carried out by using a bamboo basket or a plastic basket, the surface of the basket is covered with a cloth felt for sun protection and moisture preservation when the basket is fully harvested, the weight of single basket of seedling vegetables is not more than 10 kilograms, and the cutting of the leaves and the stems of the leaves of the seedling vegetables growing in the Shanghai province is carried out simultaneously by using scissors; the whole plant of the seedling vegetable is required to be harvested completely, the leaves are dark green, thick and complete, the leaf stalks are emerald green, rotten leaves and disease-free leaf spots are avoided, and the proportion of yellow leaves, insect eyes, silt and sundries is not more than 1%; the mu yield is 275-350 kg;

8) packaging and marketing:

the harvested qualified Shanghai green vegetables are timely delivered to a warehouse at 4-10 ℃ for precooling treatment, then, according to an order, according to the standard of 6-8 per package and the placing mode of the head and tail of the green vegetables, special organic seedling vegetable packaging boxes are adopted for packaging, after the packaging, organic Shanghai green vegetable labels are attached, and the packaged organic Shanghai green vegetable packaging boxes are packaged on special transport vehicles with cold chain systems, the low temperature of 4-10 ℃ is required to be kept in the cold chain transport process, and the seedling vegetables are prevented from being watered and sprayed with water in the storage and packaging process.