CN106134950A - Floral leaf pittosporum tobira container seedling plantation substrate - Google Patents

Floral leaf pittosporum tobira container seedling plantation substrate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106134950A
CN106134950A CN201610501988.9A CN201610501988A CN106134950A CN 106134950 A CN106134950 A CN 106134950A CN 201610501988 A CN201610501988 A CN 201610501988A CN 106134950 A CN106134950 A CN 106134950A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
substrate
pittosporum tobira
floral leaf
maifanitum
container seedling
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Pending
Application number
CN201610501988.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
盛冬
陈岗
王春
王越
邱润生
刘丹丹
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Zhejiang Senhe Seed Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Senhe Seed Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610501988.9A priority Critical patent/CN106134950A/en
Publication of CN106134950A publication Critical patent/CN106134950A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
    • A01G24/35Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds containing water-absorbing polymers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/40Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
    • A01G24/48Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure containing foam or presenting a foam structure

Abstract

Floral leaf pittosporum tobira container seedling plantation substrate, belongs to gardening and arranges technical field.Substrate contains the component of volumes below percentage ratio: peat 35 45%, Maifanitum 15 25%, perlite 5 15%, yellow soil 25 40%, and minces 500 1000g by adding ginkgo leaf powder in every cubic metre of cultivation matrix.Substrate of the present invention has obvious facilitation to 1 year raw container seedling growth of floral leaf pittosporum tobira, height increament is big, ginkgo leaf powder minces and can promote root growth, Maifanitum is used to carry out the regulation of substrate unit weight, being more suitable for the needs of plant culture, Maifanitum is also used for carrying out substrate total porosity, water holding space, the regulation in ventilation space and improvement.Maifanitum is during irrigating simultaneously, a great number of elements such as dissolution potassium, calcium, magnesium after water wash, and the trace element such as ferrum, copper, zinc, manganese, thus can reduce a great number of elements applying quantity of chemical fertilizer, reduces production cost, and this substrate can be used for floral leaf pittosporum tobira large-scale production.

Description

Floral leaf pittosporum tobira container seedling plantation substrate
Technical field
The invention belongs to horticultural facility technical field, be specifically related to floral leaf pittosporum tobira container seedling plantation substrate.
Background technology
Soilless culture substrate can provide the stable growing environment coordinated for plant, and it is in addition to supporting, fixing plant, moreover it is possible to Nutrient in " transfer " liquid fertilizer and moisture, make root system of plant the most on-demand selection water suction inhale fertilizer.Although it is the EC of liquid fertilizer, pH value, each Nutrient density can accurately control, but root system of plant is to contact with substrate, absorbs moisture and nutrient, the physics and chemistry of substrate from substrate Character and the characterization of adsorption to liquid fertilizer directly determine the management technique of plant and the state of supply of nutrition, so, the most all Fully pay attention to substrate research.
Cultivation base Quality Research starts from the Soilless culture technology of Grodan company of Denmark in 1970 exploitation and Britain in 1973 The NFT technology of chamber crop institute.Gravel is used for raise crop by plant nutrient scholar and plant physiologist the earliest, passes through Nutrient solution studies the Nutrient Absorption of crop, physiological metabolism and plant essential nutrient element and physiological barrier etc., therefore Gravel can be described as cultivation matrix the earliest.In the wicker experimental basis famous at Van Helmont, Boussingault, Salm(1851-1856) with gravel, quartz or activated carbon Avena sativa in the glass wares of waxing or the container of pure wax, obtain Herba bromi japonici needs the evidence of N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Si, Fe, Mn.Salm-Horstmar(1871 subsequently) tested with quartz, river Sand, crystal, crackle ware, pure calcium carbonate, silicic acid and activated carbon are as the substrate of taking root of Herba bromi japonici.Hall(1914) with different stage Sand, powder, Kaolin cultivation lupin and Fructus Hordei Vulgaris.Vermiculitum Woodcock(1946) it is used as the cultivation matrix of Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw..Subsequently Chad, haydite, perlite, rock wool, sponge (urine aldehyde), silica gel, alkali quid pro quo can be quickly expanded to as the substrate of solid state cultivation The resin material etc. of (ion exchange resin) such as bentonite, zeolite and synthesis, peat, sawdust, bark, rice husk, phenol formaldehyde foam (bubble Foam plastics), slag and some mixed-matrixes.Prasad M and Maher MJ(1993) report the various physics and chemistry of peat Character and cultivation technique, have studied the relation of substrate and plant nutrient supply, and substrate is empty with water and nutrient with cultivation technique, substrate The relation of diarrhea due to disorder of QI, the mixing utilization of substrate and recycling etc..On producing, the more Cornell Univ USA that has is used to open The 4 kinds of mixed-matrixes sent out, the GCRI mixture of Britain's chamber crop institute exploitation and the rock wool of Holland and peat etc..
Chinese national economy flourish, has driven gardening cause and the development of soilless culture cause, to function admirable, The demand of cheap soilless culture substrate steeply rises.Substrate culture is to realize intensive, scale, the modern times of mechanization One of main production factors of agricultural.Therefore, the novel cultivation matrix that the suitable various flowers of Development and Production, nursery stock use, is to send out Exhibition flowers and the basis of the batch production of horticulture industry, standardization and automated production.General preferable substrate should have fertilizer conservation, guarantor Acid-base value (pH value) that water, light weight, aeration are good, suitable and electrical conductivity (EC value), and the basic characteristic such as avirulence.Common Host material have peat, perlite, Vermiculitum, grit, wood (bamboo) bits, rock wool etc..Traditional Soilless Culture Methods mainly uses Peat, Vermiculitum, perlite, yellow soil are as cultivation matrix.Owing to China region is wide, the Territorial Difference of agricultural production is to cultivation Training substrate proposes new requirement, and high-quality, the organic ecological cultivation matrix with environmental protection efficient, cost-effective have become substrate development New trend.
Floral leaf pittosporum tobira have another name called silver limit pittosporum tobira, variegated leaf pittosporum tobira (Pittosporum tobira' Variegata '), for pittosporum tobira The evergreen shrubs of flower section Chart database, ornamental value is high, to SO2Have stronger resistance Deng toxic gas, can sheet plant, group planting and row Plant, be excellent Landscape Trees, but there is no floral leaf pittosporum tobira substrate relevant report at present.The Zhejiang gloomy standing grain kind limited public affairs of industry share Take charge of on the basis of forefathers study, used peat, Maifanitum, perlite and yellow soil in 2009, carry out multiple matrix formulations Research on the impact of floral leaf pittosporum tobira increment, filters out than matrix formulations conveniently for floral leaf pittosporum tobira container seedling scale metaplasia Produce, obtained more satisfactory effect, to driving floral leaf pittosporum tobira industrialization upgrading, there is realistic meaning.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of floral leaf pittosporum tobira container seedling special Use cultivation matrix.
Described floral leaf pittosporum tobira container seedling plantation substrate, it is characterised in that described substrate contains volumes below percentage ratio Component: peat 35-45%, Maifanitum 15-25%, perlite 5-15%, yellow soil 25-40%, and by every cubic metre of cultivation matrix Middle interpolation ginkgo leaf powder minces 500-1000g.
Described floral leaf pittosporum tobira container seedling plantation substrate, it is characterised in that the percent by volume of described component is: mud Charcoal 35-40%, preferably 40%, Maifanitum 20-25%, preferably 20%, perlite 5-10%, preferably 10%, yellow soil 30-35%, it is preferable that 30%。
Described floral leaf pittosporum tobira container seedling plantation substrate, it is characterised in that add Semen Ginkgo in every cubic metre of cultivation matrix Leaf ground product 700-1000g, preferably 850g.
Described floral leaf pittosporum tobira container seedling plantation substrate, it is characterised in that the dry density 0.4-0.5 of described substrate, always Porosity 54-56%, macroporsity 9.87-10.63%, aperture porosity 44.21-46.03%, maximum specific retention 1.01-1.59, PH value 5-6, EC value 0.30-0.96, full nitrogen 0.77-0.90%, full phosphorus 214-216mg/kg, full potassium 9772-9774mg/kg.
Peat in above-mentioned substrate is low humidity in ancient times area growing plants residuum, by aquatic, the Marsh Wetland that partly decompose Vegetation raw, that moss natural pond is raw or marsh is raw is formed.Including undecomposed plant residue, Litter Decomposition formed humus and Mineral, the content of first two accounts for more than 50%.Its kind has three kinds of bog moss, phragmites communis, sedge, peat humus etc..Peat Moss is formed by fountain moss or other moss, is not easily decomposed, and has the highest water-holding capacity, typically can reach 10 times of dry weight, acid strong, PH is 3.8~4.5, containing a small amount of nitrogen, and about about 1%, the most phosphorous and potassium, fit and make soilless culture substrate. but because fountain moss is acid Natural pond plant dehydration Remained mass childhood or live body part, lightweight, nutrient content is low, has the highest water-holding capacity, as substrate, should First tear up.The peat that other mosses are formed, faster than fountain moss is decomposed, not ideal enough for the substrate of soilless culture.By sedge, phragmites communis The peat formed with other limnocryptophytes decomposes the most quickly, is not also suitable for soilless culture.The chemical composition of peat, mainly has fibre Dimension element, hemicellulose, Colophonium and humic acids, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium etc..The general content of organic matter 40%~70%, humic acids Content 20%~40%, total nitrogen content 1.5%~2.5%, content of tatal phosphorus 0.1%~0.6%, full potassium content 0.3%~ 0.5%, carbon-nitrogen ratio is 10.0~20.0, pH4.5~6.5.Peat soil contains substantial amounts of organic matter, and the soil is porous, permeable Gas performance is good, and water conservation fertilizer-preserving ability is relatively strong, and quality is light and disease-free spore and worm's ovum, so being also that potted plant foliage plant is commonly used Soil matrix.But, peat soil is in forming process, and through long-term leaching, the fertility of itself is limited, so using in preparation Enough N P and K and other trace-element fertilizer can be added as required during substrate;Meanwhile, the peat soil after preparation also can be with Perlite, Vermiculitum, river sand, garden mould etc. are used in mixed way.
Maifanitum in above-mentioned substrate, belongs to volcanic rocks, and its main mine material is got angry mountain rock.Maifanitum is considered as The lava that 5000-7550 ejects at 10000 years front volcanoes is embedded in underground, the high humidity through volcano, hot produced acidic materials with And pressure produced by diastrophism and formed, Maifanitum originates in scabland.Maifanitum is a kind of natural medicine Ore, contains There are 18 kinds of trace such as potassium necessary to human body, sodium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus macroelement and zinc, ferrum, selenium, copper, strontium, iodine, fluorine, metasilicic acid Element.
Perlite in above-mentioned substrate is also architectural heat-insulating heat-preserving material, for aluminum silicate material, by lava flow The mineral formed, after exploitation screening, heat in 76012 stoves so that it is form the spongy small nut of lightweight, white, diameter 1.5 ~3mm.Light weight unit weight is little, 80~130kg/ m.In neutrality, pH6~8.There is good water retention property, this heavy sensation of the body can be kept Measure the water of 3~4 times, but without cushioning effect, also the switching performance of no cationic, does not contains mineral nutrient.Grain structure is firm, with Good aeration status can be kept during the mixing of other substrate.Perlite is that the magmatic rock pulverized is formed after high-temperature process expands There is the material of enclosed construction.The little bulk material of white that it is aseptic, has water conservation and the drainage performance of extra-heavy, without any Nutriment in a fertilizer, is used for cottage propagation and improves the physical behavior of soil.
Yellow soil in above-mentioned substrate is aseptic without weeds, can gather materials on the spot, with low cost, but the content of organic matter is low.
It is by Folium Ginkgo drying, pulverizing, the ground product after sieving, Folium Ginkgo that the ginkgo leaf powder added in above-mentioned substrate minces Material comes from nature, for nature, and contains abundant flavone compound in Folium Ginkgo, natural flavone compounds, no Containing any chemosynthesis class material, it can promote microorganism, plant cellular material operating and accumulation and cell enzyme activity, increases The disease resistance of plant, promotes plant growing, can promote the rooting efficiency of cultivated plant simultaneously, nontoxic to people, animal, uses peace Entirely.
Above-mentioned various host material cuts both ways, and should be prepared according to the characteristic of floral leaf pittosporum tobira, accomplish to take length during use Mend short, play the performance advantage of preferable matrix formulations, promote the growth of floral leaf pittosporum tobira container seedling.
Substrate of the present invention has obvious facilitation to 1 year raw container seedling growth of floral leaf pittosporum tobira, and height increament is big, in substrate The ginkgo leaf powder added minces and can promote root growth, uses Maifanitum to carry out the regulation of substrate unit weight, makes the substrate after mixture Be more suitable for the needs of plant culture, Maifanitum also be used for carry out substrate total porosity, water holding space, ventilation space regulation with change Kind.Maifanitum is during plant culture is irrigated simultaneously, a great number of elements such as dissolution potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus after water wash, and The trace element such as ferrum, copper, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, thus a great number of elements applying quantity of chemical fertilizer can be reduced, reducing production cost, this substrate can be used In floral leaf pittosporum tobira large-scale production.
Detailed description of the invention
In conjunction with embodiments of the invention and correlation test, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment:
The component of volumes below percentage ratio is added in agitator and is sufficiently mixed: peat 40%, Maifanitum 20%, perlite 10%, Huang Cubsoil 30%, and mince 850g by every cubic metre of cultivation matrix adds ginkgo leaf powder, mix homogeneously i.e. prepares floral leaf pittosporum tobira container Seedling plantation substrate.
By every cube in the mixture that percent by volume is peat 35%, Maifanitum 25%, perlite 15%, yellow soil 25% Adding ginkgo leaf powder in rice cultivation matrix to mince 700g, mix homogeneously prepares substrate;Or be peat 45%, wheat in percent by volume Meal stone 15%, perlite 10%, yellow soil 30% mixture in by every cubic metre of cultivation matrix add ginkgo leaf powder mince 500g, mix homogeneously prepares substrate;Or be peat 35%, Maifanitum 25%, perlite 5%, yellow soil 30% in percent by volume Mincing 1000g by adding ginkgo leaf powder in every cubic metre of cultivation matrix in mixture, mix homogeneously prepares substrate;Or at volume hundred Proportion by subtraction be peat 40%, Maifanitum 15%, perlite 5%, yellow soil 40% mixture in by every cubic metre of cultivation matrix add Ginkgo leaf powder minces 1000g, and mix homogeneously prepares substrate;Other are the same with embodiment, and the substrate that above-mentioned various formula prepare is also Beneficial effect of the present invention can be reached.
Matched group 1:
It is the cultivation that 60% peat, 20% Vermiculitum, 10% perlite, 10% yellow soil mix homogeneously prepare matched group 1 by percent by volume Training substrate, the same embodiment of other cultivation conditions.
Matched group 2:
It is the cultivation that 50% peat, 20% Vermiculitum, 10% perlite, 20% yellow soil mix homogeneously prepare matched group 2 by percent by volume Training substrate, the same embodiment of other cultivation conditions.
Matched group 3:
It is the cultivation that 40% peat, 30% coconut palm bran, 10% Vermiculitum, 20% yellow soil mix homogeneously prepare matched group 3 by percent by volume Substrate, the same embodiment of other cultivation conditions.
Matched group 4:
It is that 30% peat, 10% Vermiculitum, 30% reed end, 30% yellow soil mix homogeneously prepare the cultivation of matched group 4 by percent by volume Substrate, the same embodiment of other cultivation conditions.
Result of the test below in conjunction with embodiment and matched group is described further.
1) select floral leaf pittosporum tobira Plug seedling (height of seedling 6cm) to test, according to floral leaf pittosporum tobira growth promoter, environment is wanted Ask, and different substrates properties of materials, by peat, coconut palm bran, reed end, Vermiculitum, perlite and yellow soil etc. by embodiment and right According to the volume ratio in group 1-4, it is sufficiently mixed, makes the composite interstitial substance of 5 kinds of different formulations, and grow to floral leaf pittosporum tobira The physicochemical property having considerable influence is analyzed, and mainly has unit weight, total porosity, water-holding capacity, size void ratio and various chemistry Element etc..
2) using single-factor randomized block experiment, be transplanted in container by floral leaf pittosporum tobira Plug seedling, each matrix formulations is every Individual process 100 strain, is repeated 3 times;Containers size: bore 15cm, deep 13 cm;On May 15th, 2009, by floral leaf pittosporum tobira Plug seedling It is transplanted in container;First with sharp shears, floral leaf pittosporum tobira seedling is suitably pruned before transplanting, in order to become after transplanting and planting Living, plant and be deep to collar position during transplanting, substrate is tightly combined with root system, and root system is unfolded naturally, and nursery stock is the tallest and the most straight, substrate and root System is tightly combined, and nursery stock is the tallest and the most straight.After being transplanted into container, irrigate in time and determine root water.After new root length goes out, spray 2000 times and be combined Fertilizer, nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is 21:6:13.The most 1 times a week, ratio brings up to 1500 times with the increase of biomass.Cut therebetween Go some slim and frahile sprigs of inner canopy, overstocked branch, interior to intersect branch, be allowed to reasonable organization.
3) after floral leaf pittosporum tobira Plug seedling being transplanted to container, observe floral leaf pittosporum tobira growth course, measured 1 time every 1 month Height of seedling;On November 15th, 2009, measure height of seedling and ground part and the dry of underground part simultaneously
Matter weight, measurement result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 different substrates formula floral leaf pittosporum tobira annual container seedling growth amount
4) data that on November 10th, 2009 is measured, Analysis of variance, the F value of each index: plant height 33.2, one-level side radical 7.5, overground part dry weight 32.6, underground part dry weight 12.3, the F value of each index is all higher than F0.01=3.90, difference reaches extremely notable water Flat.Through multiple comparisons, between each formula, difference all reaches notable or pole significant level.Growth to 1 year raw container seedling of floral leaf pittosporum tobira Amount positive influences preferably matrix formulations be the formula in embodiment, other be followed successively by matched group 2, matched group 1 and matched group 3, worst is matched group 4.
Above-mentioned 4) one factor analysis of variance, the F value that relate in are checked, multiple comparisons LSD significance test, all use Excel and SPSS computed in software.
The physicochemical property of the substrate of above-described embodiment is dry density 0.46, total porosity 55.67%, macroporsity 10.22%, aperture porosity 45.45%, maximum specific retention 1.23.PH value 5.53, EC value 0.35, full nitrogen 0.88%, full phosphorus 215.78mg/kg, full potassium 9773.55mg/kg, calcium 1678.84mg/kg, magnesium 1884.97mg/kg, copper 0.00mg/kg, zinc 54.00mg/kg, boron 56.20mg/kg, ferrum 5933.81mg/kg, manganese 188.29mg/kg, molybdenum 0.00mg/kg, aluminum 29669.35mg/kg, lead 16.06mg/kg, sodium 2885.92 mg/kg, nickel 23.89mg/kg, sulfur 644.77mg/kg, strontium 1.22mg/kg, arsenic 14.83mg/kg, chromium 2.49mg/kg, cobalt 18.84mg/kg
Test result indicate that: use the matrix formulations of embodiment 1 year raw container seedling growth of floral leaf pittosporum tobira is had and significantly promotes to make With, not only height increament is maximum, and root growth is also optimal, can be used for floral leaf pittosporum tobira large-scale production, to driving floral leaf sea The industrialization upgrading of paulownia ex hoc genus anne kind has realistic meaning.

Claims (4)

1. floral leaf pittosporum tobira container seedling plantation substrate, it is characterised in that described substrate contains the component of volumes below percentage ratio: Peat 35-45%, Maifanitum 15-25%, perlite 5-15%, yellow soil 25-40%, and by every cubic metre of cultivation matrix adds silver Folium Pruni ground product 500-1000g.
Floral leaf pittosporum tobira container seedling plantation substrate the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the volume of described component Percentage ratio is: peat 35-40%, preferably 40%, Maifanitum 20-25%, preferably 20%, perlite 5-10%, preferably 10%, yellow soil 30-35%, it is preferable that 30%.
Floral leaf pittosporum tobira container seedling plantation substrate the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that every cubic metre of cultivation base Matter is added ginkgo leaf powder mince 700-1000g, preferably 850g.
Floral leaf pittosporum tobira container seedling plantation substrate the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the dry appearance of described substrate Weight 0.4-0.5, total porosity 54-56%, macroporsity 9.87-10.63%, aperture porosity 44.21-46.03%, maximum water holding Rate 1.01-1.59, pH value 5-6, EC value 0.30-0.96, full nitrogen 0.77-0.90%, full phosphorus 214-216mg/kg, full potassium 9772- 9774mg/kg。
CN201610501988.9A 2016-06-30 2016-06-30 Floral leaf pittosporum tobira container seedling plantation substrate Pending CN106134950A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107223506A (en) * 2017-05-25 2017-10-03 马鞍山市绿营林业有限公司 A kind of method for culturing seedlings of thin skin hickory nut

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CN105145086A (en) * 2015-09-16 2015-12-16 枞阳县白云生态园林有限责任公司 High-survival-rate planting method of atractylis lancea

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107223506A (en) * 2017-05-25 2017-10-03 马鞍山市绿营林业有限公司 A kind of method for culturing seedlings of thin skin hickory nut

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Application publication date: 20161123