CN102187778A - Mixed nutritional seedling medium - Google Patents
Mixed nutritional seedling medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN102187778A CN102187778A CN 201110057905 CN201110057905A CN102187778A CN 102187778 A CN102187778 A CN 102187778A CN 201110057905 CN201110057905 CN 201110057905 CN 201110057905 A CN201110057905 A CN 201110057905A CN 102187778 A CN102187778 A CN 102187778A
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- matrix
- vermiculite
- peat
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- perlite
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Abstract
The invention relates to a seedling nutritional medium, which is prepared by mixing peat soil, perlite, vermiculite, sand and deep glutinous clay. When the seedling nutritional medium is used for culturing seedlings, the seedling nutritional medium can effectively promote rooting and growth of the seedlings and improve the rooting rate and the seedling rate of the seedlings so as to raise economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the culture technique field, be specifically related to a kind of mixotrophic nutrition seedling medium
Background technology
The research of carrying out matrix abroad is far early than domestic, and the achievement of many researchs has been applied to actual production.Domestic because starting is late, though many about the research report of matrix aspect, still the end reaches the practical stage.Phase in the early 1990s, flowers or vegetables research institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences promotes organic mass cultivation (or being called organic ecological soilless culture), attempt by using fertilizer to reduce the input of soilless culture and reducing the content of nitrate in the victual, simultaneously also in order to simplify planting facility, to reduce investment and production cost.The area of China's soilless culture only accounts for 1% of facility area at present, and the soilless culture area of Japan accounts for 20% (Jiang Weijie etc. of greenhouse area, 2000), therefore the space of the soilless culture of China development is also very big, and matrix is the basis of soilless culture, and the research and extension of matrix will be directly connected to the development of soilless culture.In addition, the fast development of industrialized agriculture and forest quick reproduction technique technology, sharply rise to the requirement of high-quality cultivation matrix in market.Therefore the research of high-quality matrix is still hot topic in soilless culture and industrialized agriculture and the forest seedling growth.
At existing economy of China and development of science and technology level, China development soilless culture should be followed and gather materials on the spot, and suits measures to local conditions, efficient principle, and the form of soilless culture will present based on substrate culture, multiple mode and the development pattern of depositing.Stable performance, of fine quality, inexpensive, that obtain easily and research and development matrix can large-scale production is extremely paid attention to.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of a large amount of organic matters that are rich in are provided, can promote the growth of root system, improve nursery stock rooting rate, planting percent, thus a kind of mixotrophic nutrition seedling medium of increasing economic efficiency.
A kind of mixotrophic nutrition seedling medium of the present invention is mixed by following envelope-bulk to weight ratio and forms:
Peat soil 3～040%, perlite 20～25%, vermiculite 20～25%, sand 10～15%, deep layer pelinite 10～15%.
Among the present invention, peat soil (also being turfy soil): the content of organic matter 60～80%, detritus acid 30～50%, PH5.0～5.5 one-tenth slant acidity, natural aseptic, the water conservation ventilation, organic slow-release is good plant growing medium and soil melioration product.Peat has the effect of improving the soil, supplying with nutrient, promote plant production.Peat is after organic matter is decomposed by edaphon, and the long period is supplied with its required nutrient of growing of plant.The humic acid that peat contains has stronger absorption affinity, increases the granular structure of soil, makes that soil is sent out warm and sunny, geology is loose light, makes soil have stronger water imbibition and inhales nitrogen power.The carbon-nitrogen rate of peat (C/N) is about 20, therefore can improve the carbon nutrition of plant.Carbonaceous organic material in the peat produces a large amount of carbonic acid gas (CO2) in decomposable process, directly by root system of crop and Foliage Absorption, thereby promote photosynthetic carrying out, and helps the growth of plant.
Perlite: be volcanic rock by grey when being heated to 1000 ℃, rock particles expands and forms.It is a kind of lightweight aggregate of sealing, and unit weight is 0.03～0.16g/cm
3, the ventilation space is about 53%, and the water holding volume is 40%.Perlite does not have the performance of absorption, and cation exchange capacity is less than 1.5me/100g, and PH is 7～7.5.Mineral constituents plant in the perlite can not absorb, but can increase the air capacity of soils of matrix, is good soil conditioner.
Vermiculite: be a kind of natural, nontoxic mineral matter, by mineral weathering or hydrothermal alterations such as biotite, phlogopite, chlorite, gardening burns till expanded vermiculite with vermiculite through high temperature and uses, and expansion multiple reaches 15～40 times.Expanded vermiculite unit weight is 64～160kg/m only
3Water content 4%～10%, pH value 6～9, voidage contains nutritive elements such as abundant K, Ca, Mg, and can be absorbed by crop up to 100me/100g.The water absorption of expanded vermiculite is 220～325% (weight) or 20～25% (volumes).Vermiculite produces when being certain granite hydration.Its general and asbestos produces simultaneously.It is a kind of more rare mineral, belongs to silicate, because vermiculite has the ability of ion exchange, it has great effect to the nutrition of soil.
The deep layer pelinite: grass seeds is few, and the sick worm of mushroom is few, contains calcareous.
Husky: chemical property is stable, and it is relatively poor to hold fertile ability, can strengthen the gas permeability of matrix.
One, technology refers to table:
(1) use this nutrient matrix to grow seedlings, root growth prosperity, rooting rate height.
(2) can improve the survival rate of growing seedlings.
Two, economy refers to table
(1) the application of the invention matrix, the economic benefit raising reaches 30%
(2) cuttage tall bottle with spout jujube seedling transplants a cutting 100,000,100,000 yuan of additional incomes.
The present invention is according to the physicochemical property preparation of each composition, for cutting provides comprehensive nutrition, air permeability and good and water binding capacity, and be rich in a large amount of organic matters, can promote the growth of root system, be the taking root and grow the environment of high-quality is provided of nursery stock, thereby the survival rate that has improved the nursery stock rooting rate, grown seedlings has increased economic benefit.
The testing and verification explanation:
At same plastic tunnel, when batching, evenly spray with aglucon matter limit, 800 times of liquid limits of carbendazim 50% carbendazol wettable powder equally, it is standby after 3 days with the plastic foil capping to prepare the back, and the cutting of test is respectively Chinese yew, Chinese ilex, tall bottle with spout jujube, and the spray of 300 semi-lignifieds of Da Hua Chinese rose experiment is transplanted a cutting, after 1/1000 potassium permanganate solution soaking sterilization, stay 23 buds, band a slice leaf, after shearing, handle by root-growing agent, insert in four kinds of following matrix, the management booth uses the same method; The seed of the mountain peach that the plantation lamination was handled in experimental group matrix and contrast matrix is 100 respectively, grows under same management condition.
Experimental group matrix:
Matrix one: this nutrient matrix is made up of peat 40%, perlite 20%, vermiculite 20%, sand 10%, deep soil pelinite 10%.
Matrix two: peat 35%, perlite 30%, vermiculite 25%, sand 10%, deep soil pelinite 10%
Matrix three: peat 30%, perlite 20%, vermiculite 20%, sand 15%, deep soil pelinite 15% contrast matrix: ripe barnyard manure (oxen and horses) 40%, river sand 40%, deep soil 20%
The rooting rate situation was in 45 days:
The average rooting rate (%) of cuttage nursery stock in each matrix of table 1
The above results shows that the relative matrix two of the content of peat in the matrix one and matrix three are higher, and the rooting rate of the nursery stock of cuttage is variant in three kinds of matrix, but difference is not remarkable, and higher.Matrix one is that rooting rate is the highest in three kinds.Situation about after 90 days Chinese yew, Chinese ilex, tall bottle with spout jujube, Da Hua Chinese rose being investigated
Table 2 experimental group and the mean elements (bar) that contrasts the cuttage nursery stock
The root of the nursery stock that brings out in matrix of the present invention is many than control group obviously.As seen helping lend some impetus to of matrix of the present invention taken root.
Table 3 experimental group and the average root that contrasts the cuttage nursery stock long (cm)
Watch 3 results show that the root growth of the nursery stock that is educated is fast in matrix of the present invention thus, and matrix of the present invention helps growing of root.
Table 4 test and the average survival (%) that contrasts matrix cuttage nursery stock
By table 4 as seen, the survival rate of cuttage is the highest in the matrix one, the content of peat is also the highest, in certain scope, and the content of peat and the rooting rate of nursery stock and survive sincereness and be directly proportional, the bioactivator that is contained in the peat can promote taking root of nursery stock, help growing of root system,, can effectively improve nursery stock rooting rate, the well developed root system of cuttage with the rational collocation of perlite vermiculite and river sand and clay, seedling growth is vigorous, the survival rate height.
Show by table 1 and table 4 result of the test: matrix promptly of the present invention, the survival rate that can effectively improve the cuttage root-taking rate and grow seedlings.The matrix of forming by peat 40%, perlite 20%, vermiculite 20%, river sand 10%, deep layer pelinite 10% of proportioning the best.
Plantation mountain peach seed 90 days back investigation such as table 5 to seedling growth
Table 5 test refers to show mean value with each form that contrasts the mountain peach seedling of growing in the matrix
As seen from Table 5, and though the mountain peach seedling of in experimental group matrix, planting out from height, the growth rate of root, the width of leaf, still the thick every finger table in footpath all is better than contrast
Can draw the rooting rate that contains the above-mentioned four kinds of nursery stocks of cuttage in the matrix that peat adds perlite, vermiculite and survival rate obviously than at the middle height of cuttage by result of the test in the matrix of the barnyard manure of slaking, the quantity of root and the speed of growth obviously are better than contrast, the form of every growth of the mountain peach seedling of plantation refers to that table also obviously is better than contrast, as seen nutrient matrix of the present invention can effectively improve the rooting rate of growing seedlings, the survival rate and the quality of growing seedlings.Other result of study shows that also the nursery effect of peat growing medium is better than other organic substrate generally, and the nursery stock biomass that the former gathered in the crops in the unit interval is 3～6 times of the latter.
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium total amount are gone back calcic, magnesium, silicon in the peat soil about 2%, and the indispensable trace element of crops such as copper, iron, zinc, molybdenum, boron, are to need to consume in the nursery stock rooting process; The detritus acid that contains in the peat is a kind of natural organic matter, is the decomposition through microorganism, synthetic product, has faintly acid, water imbibition, colloidality, ion exchangeable, complexing, oxidation-reduction quality and physiologically active etc.Detritus acid contains a large amount of organic colloids, can make matrix formation chance water be difficult for loose water and stablize group, thereby strengthen ventilative, the permeable and water retention capacity of matrix; Detritus acid simultaneously has very high cation exchange capacity, and a lot of ions in the matrix are had stronger exchange absorption ability, thereby reduces the harm of salinity to plant, strengthens the buffer capacity of matrix; In addition, the detritus acid has the effect that stimulates plant growing.Studies show that the fulvic acid that contains in the humus has kinetin activity and growth hormone activity, study the tentative confirmation fulvic acid in addition in addition and can suppress in the root indoleacetic acid oxidase in external activity.As seen the detritus acid of being rich in the peat can promote the nutrient of soil to transform and nursery stock to the absorption of nutriment, the breathing of plant and the activity of enzyme there are good influence, thereby can promote sprouting and the growth of root system and the effect that improves the root system absorbing capacity of seed.The perlite of being furnished with in the matrix mainly works to increase gas permeability, nontoxic, aseptic, light weight, the porosity of air is big, easily waft when watering and go up the upper strata of matrix, increased that air porosity helps taking root and the breathing of root, vermiculite not only contains nutritive elements such as abundant K, Ca, Mg, or a kind of silicate, because vermiculite has the ability of ion exchange, it has great effect to the nutrition of soil, has optimized the rhizosphere nutrition of nursery stock.The calcium constituent that wherein contains be plant root and bud grow requisite element it, magnesium elements then is the assurance of dark green leaf color and sucrose accumulation, boron element plays an important role to root transportation to sugar, can make the root system stalwartness.Mix the nutrient that has not only increased matrix in proportion with peat, perlite, vermiculite, improved the structure of matrix, strengthened gas permeability, water binding capacity, ion-exchange capacity.Not only increase the nutrition of matrix by the mixing of these several compositions, and improved the structure of matrix, given taking root and grow and having created good environment of nursery stock.According to the research peat of Chen Zhende (1996), vermiculite, perlite according to a certain percentage mixing energy promote the growth of cabbage seedling to improve the absorption of plant to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.Add an amount of river sand and deep layer pelinite because these three kinds of compositions all are lightweight materials, can not only play fixing effect, can also increase silicate and nutrition and matrix moisture holding capacity and buffering ability such as calcareous; On the angle of Acidity of Aikalinity, the pH value of peat is low, belongs to acidic matrix, and perlite be neutral, and vermiculite is alkaline, and the collocation of proper proportion can be transferred to PH the scope of a suitable seedling growth.Thereby guaranteed nursery stock good take root, growing environment.In addition, because of peat, perlite, vermiculite are aseptic, and the grass seeds of river sand, deep layer pelinite and assorted bacterium are seldom, with guaranteeing the aseptic phase relatively long in the process of rooting of cuttings after the sterilization behind the carbendazim, reduced greatly transplant a cutting downright bad and take root after necrosis, thereby improved rooting rate and planting percent; Growing period does not almost have weeds and has reduced the weeding recruitment; Well developed root system is transplanted unslow seedling.
The matrix of contrast is that barnyard manure is the main source of manure, though contain rich nutrient contents in the matrix, character is very unstable, and the degree of slaking is difficult for controlling, if too, the nutrient component loss is too many; If slaking is not enough, damage by disease and insect grows easily, takes root for transplanting a cutting in the cuttage process for being prone to necrosis, or in the back necrosis of taking root, influences rooting rate and the planting percent of nursery stock.Add nutrient component and ion exchange that river sand does not possess vermiculite again, also do not have the such porosity of perlite.Therefore the exchange capacity that contrasts matrix nutrition, air capacity of soils, ion is all relatively poor relatively.Cause rooting rate lower, root growth is slow relatively, and overall planting percent is lower.
Its conclusion is: test shows with nutritious seedling-growing substrate seedling of the present invention, can promote effectively that nursery stock takes root, grows, and improves nursery stock rooting rate, planting percent, thereby has improved economic benefit.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of mixotrophic nutrition seedling medium, according to: peat soil 40%, perlite 20%, vermiculite 20%, sand 10%, deep layer pelinite 10% mix and form.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of mixotrophic nutrition seedling medium, according to: peat soil 30%, perlite 20%, vermiculite 20%, sand 15%, deep layer pelinite 15% mix and form.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of mixotrophic nutrition seedling medium, according to: peat soil 30%, perlite 25%, vermiculite 25%, sand 10%, deep layer pelinite 10% mix and form.
Claims (1)
1. mixotrophic nutrition seedling medium is characterized in that: mixed by following envelope-bulk to weight ratio and form:
Peat soil 30～40%, perlite 20～25%, vermiculite 20～25%, sand 10～15%, deep layer pelinite 10～15%.
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| CN 201110057905 CN102187778A (en) | 2011-03-08 | 2011-03-08 | Mixed nutritional seedling medium |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110057905 CN102187778A (en) | 2011-03-08 | 2011-03-08 | Mixed nutritional seedling medium |
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| CN102187778A true CN102187778A (en) | 2011-09-21 |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103373880A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2013-10-30 | 天津市北方园林生态科学技术研究所 | Configuration method for artificial substrate for vegetables in protected area |
| CN103420735A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2013-12-04 | 安徽省合肥市福照园艺有限公司 | Composite nutrient soil |
| CN103609415A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-05 | 芜湖欧标农业发展有限公司 | Matrix for cultivating liana and method for using matrix for cutting propagation |
| CN105145071A (en) * | 2015-09-06 | 2015-12-16 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Cutting propagation method of brucea javanica |
| CN105379578A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-03-09 | 安庆市丰裕农林发展有限公司 | Seedling-raising substrate for nursery stock |
| CN106588173A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-04-26 | 明光市大全甜叶菊专业合作社 | Organic-waste-containing stevia rebaudiana seedling culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN107382408A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Suitable for the seedling medium of mechanization transplanting |
| CN107568025A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-01-12 | 郑州宏元生态科技有限公司 | A kind of rich foster moisture retaining groundmass and its preparation method and application |
| CN107646363A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-02 | 滁州学院 | A kind of processing method of Chinese rose cuttings |
| CN108271650A (en) * | 2018-02-22 | 2018-07-13 | 中国林业科学研究院华北林业实验中心 | A kind of dendriform China rose eco-friendly substrate and preparation method thereof containing mushroom residue |
| CN110367078A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-10-25 | 西藏丽景园林绿化有限公司 | Planting matrix of preservation of fertility and its preparation method and application |
| CN111374026A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-07 | 北京绿里生态科技有限公司 | Special seedling culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101978819A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2011-02-23 | 湖北省烟草公司十堰市公司 | Cured tobacco seedling-culturing matrix formula and using method thereof |
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| CN1389098A (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2003-01-08 | 马义兵 | Plant growth medium produced with sphagnum and natural mineral as material and without diseases and weeds |
| CN101248738A (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2008-08-27 | 济南市鲁青园艺研究所 | Melon raise seedling or stalk cultivation ground mass and method for manufacturing same |
| CN101348400A (en) * | 2008-08-27 | 2009-01-21 | 昌邑市禾田砧木研究所 | Seedling substrate and manufacturing method thereof |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103373880A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2013-10-30 | 天津市北方园林生态科学技术研究所 | Configuration method for artificial substrate for vegetables in protected area |
| CN103420735A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2013-12-04 | 安徽省合肥市福照园艺有限公司 | Composite nutrient soil |
| CN103420735B (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2014-12-10 | 安徽省合肥市福照园艺有限公司 | Composite nutrient soil |
| CN103609415A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-05 | 芜湖欧标农业发展有限公司 | Matrix for cultivating liana and method for using matrix for cutting propagation |
| CN103609415B (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2016-01-20 | 芜湖欧标农业发展有限公司 | A kind of matrix of cultivating climbing plant and the method using matrix cottage propagation |
| CN105145071A (en) * | 2015-09-06 | 2015-12-16 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Cutting propagation method of brucea javanica |
| CN105379578A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-03-09 | 安庆市丰裕农林发展有限公司 | Seedling-raising substrate for nursery stock |
| CN106588173A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-04-26 | 明光市大全甜叶菊专业合作社 | Organic-waste-containing stevia rebaudiana seedling culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN107382408A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Suitable for the seedling medium of mechanization transplanting |
| CN107568025A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-01-12 | 郑州宏元生态科技有限公司 | A kind of rich foster moisture retaining groundmass and its preparation method and application |
| CN107646363A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-02 | 滁州学院 | A kind of processing method of Chinese rose cuttings |
| CN108271650A (en) * | 2018-02-22 | 2018-07-13 | 中国林业科学研究院华北林业实验中心 | A kind of dendriform China rose eco-friendly substrate and preparation method thereof containing mushroom residue |
| CN111374026A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-07 | 北京绿里生态科技有限公司 | Special seedling culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN110367078A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-10-25 | 西藏丽景园林绿化有限公司 | Planting matrix of preservation of fertility and its preparation method and application |
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Application publication date: 20110921 |