CN102696427A - Cucurbit and vegetable breeding substrate and production method thereof - Google Patents
Cucurbit and vegetable breeding substrate and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cucurbit and vegetable breeding substrate. A production method of the cucurbit and vegetable breeding substrate comprises steps of (1) mixing grass carbon, fermented biogas residues, bio-organic fertilizers and the like; (2) adding ammonium sulphate, potassium sulphate, monoammonium phosphate, manganous sulfate, boric acid and the like to a sprayer containing water and stirring uniformly fully for use; and (3) sieving the bio-organic fertilizers in the step (1) and enabling the bio-organic fertilizers to sink into other materials of the step (1) except the bio-organic fertilizers, adding the mixture solution of step (2) into the mixture of the step (1), turning and mixing once, using a square-hole screen to sieve once till all mixtures pass the screen, adding proper water, continuing to turn and stir three times, using a plastic film to cover mixtures for stack and smothering for 48 hours after completion of preparation, sampling, and performing quantitative package after inspection. The substrate has good fertilizer effects, releases nutrition slowly and is disease resistant, degeneration resistant, comprehensive in nutrition and good in pertinency. The germinate rate and seedling emergence rate of seeds are improved, seedlings are strong and free from excessive growth, soaked roots, dwarf and mummification, blossom buds of seedlings are differentiated normally, and characteristics, the yield and the quality of agricultural products are guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural production technologies, particularly a kind of production that is used for melon dish plug seedling substrate.
Background technology
Fast development along with China's industrialized agriculture; That the seed cultivation of melon dish moves towards gradually is scientific, intensification, commodity and factory grow seedlings; Change is reduced the melon colza and is planted middle risk and link by traditional individual form, has improved melon colza planting technology and industrialization process greatly.So the planting requirement to facility melon dish is higher, developing faster, and is bigger to the demand of seedling, the requirement of seedling quality is stricter.Therefore, as the batch production soilless-cultivated seedling of melon colza seedling industrialization important component part, become a sign of agricultural high-tech.
Seedling medium is an important component part of factorial seedling growth, and it is the nutriment that the demand according to growth of seedling is composited.Seedling medium is the key factor of growing seedlings, and is the material base that seedling is rely and grows.With traditional nutrition soil phase ratio, soilless raising seedling substrate unit weight is little, can good aeration porosity, retention ability and nutrient component be provided for seedling development.Use, culture facility, seedling growing process, the seedling quality of material of growing seedlings also has nothing in common with each other, and be uneven.All factories of growing seedlings adopt commodity seedling medium or oneself preparation seedling medium; In the seed cultivation process, the factory of much growing seedlings all had because the quality problems of seedling medium cause cultivating the low even germination of percentage of seedgermination in the seedling engineering; Emerge that poor, the root of vomitting, seedling are downgraded, ossify, growth is irregular, excessive growth even flower bud differentiation receive influence; Have a strong impact on crop late growing stage and output, quality, the factory of much the growing seedlings seedling in short supply that occurs expiring delays the plantation crops for rotation; Peasant household's loss is serious, and economic benefit and corporate image are affected.So in the industrial hole plate seedling growth process, the quality quality of seedling medium is most important, is directly connected to the cultivation quality of seedling.At present, several kinds of seedling medium raw materials commonly used both at home and abroad have: organic and inorganic material such as the natural pond slag after the fermentation, plant straw, charring rice husk, sand, gravel, slag, vinasse, fermentation cow dung, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, perlite, rock wool, wood sawdust, reed end, corncob and microorganism formulation is composite forms.In this base starting material, through a certain proportion of composite, to seedling a good growing environment is provided between them, but following defective is arranged: one, nutrient content is not enough in the matrix, and seedling nutrient in the process of watering loses with current in addition; Two, the initial flower bud differentiation of seedling is slow, becomes seedling slow; Three, because hot and humid in the seed cultivation facility plastic greenhouse, the seedling incidence of disease increases; Four, because base starting material composition more complicated, salt content high appearance do not germinate sometimes, phenomenons such as poor, the root of vomitting of emerging, seedling dwarfing; Five, seedling medium is to the seedling bad adaptability of Various Seasonal, different cultivars.
Therefore; Develop a kind of steady quality, reasonable mixture ratio to these Study of Defects more than the matrix; Prevent nutrient loss, disease-resistant, anti-saline and alkaline, degeneration-resistant, become seedling speed fast, that the seedling seedling medium that is applicable to Various Seasonal, different cultivars seems is not only urgent, but also have great Practical significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is exactly the defective that overcomes above-mentioned prior art; A kind of melon vegetable grow seedling ground substance is provided, trace element, root-growing agent, probiotics, macromolecule synergist and degeneration-resistant factor derivant on the rational proportion peat composed of rotten mosses, natural pond, fermentation back slag, biological organic fertilizer, vermiculite, perlitic basis, adding.With reach not excessive growth, do not downgrade, the root of not vomitting, balanced in nutrition, bud normal differentiation, disease-resistant, degeneration-resistant, seedling strong, planting percent is high, become seedling fast, be adapted to different cultivars, Various Seasonal, it is fast to transplant the slow seedling in back, for good basis is established in the later stage raising the output.
Melon vegetable grow seedling ground substance of the present invention is made by following method:
1, the peat composed of rotten mosses, natural pond, fermentation back slag, biological organic fertilizer, vermiculite, perlite are tentatively mixed by volume, its component ratio is:
Peat composed of rotten mosses 50-63%, fermentation back natural pond slag 10-15%, biological organic fertilizer (fermentation cow dung) 8-15%, vermiculite 10-15%, perlite 8-12%.
2, with ammonium sulfate 0.4-1.0kg, potassium sulphate 0.5-0.8kg, MAP 0.3-0.7kg, manganese sulphate 0.1-0.2kg, boric acid 0.06-0.1kg, sodium selenite 0.05-0.08kg, poly-aspartic-acid 0.5-1.0kg, amino-oligosaccharide 0.6-1.0kg.Plant disease protective agent (unit and-120) 50-150 milliliter, 70% swashs the adding of antibiotic (968 antibiotic) 400-600 gram and fills in the sprayer of 10 premium on currency, and is subsequent use through stirring.
3, the biological organic fertilizer in the step 1 being used the aperture is 4 ㎜ square hole screens, evenly mixes after sieve is good in the step 1 in the material of other except that biological organic fertilizer, with the mixed solution of step 2 evenly in the above-mentioned mixed fertilizer of adding; Manual work turns one time, and using the aperture is 10 ㎜ square hole screens sieve one time, and coarse fodder hand breaking continued is sieved; Up to all passing through; Adding water, to make moisture be below 25% of material, continues to turn three times, draws evenly with rake while turning.After finishing, preparation built heap vexed 48 hours, the qualified back quantitative package of inspection by sampling with plastic foil.
Unit with-120 production units is: Dezhou unit and agricultural science and technology development corporation, Ltd.; Swashing antibiotic (968 antibiotic) production unit is: Distributions in Liaocheng of Shandong Province Feitian biotechnology development corporation, Ltd.; Biological organic fertilizer production unit: space biotechnology Co., Ltd of Wuzhong City section.
The technical indicator of product according to the invention is:
1, outward appearance: various mixing of materials homogeneous granules shapes and powdery product, sponginess.
2, physical and chemical index: the seedling medium physical and chemical index is seen table 1.
Table 1 seedling medium physical and chemical index
| Project | Index |
| Particle diameter (1-5mm) (%) >;= | 50 |
| Unit weight (g/cm 3） | 0.15～0.40 |
| Total porosity (%) | 50～70 |
| The content of organic matter (in butt) (%) >;= | 20 |
| Acid-base value (pH value) | 5.0～8.0 |
| Total nutrient N+P 2O 5+K 2O (in butt) (%) | 2.0～5.0 |
| Electrical conductivity (μ s/cm)<= | 800 |
| Moisture (free water) (%)<= | 25 |
Beneficial effect
A kind of melon vegetable grow seedling ground substance provided by the invention is to be suitable for the seedling medium of Different Crop type in various seasons; This matrix has fertilizer efficiency abundance, nutrition slow-release, disease-resistant degeneration-resistant; Comprehensive nutrition, function such as with strong points, various indexs reach industry standard.Through producing the factory's use of growing seedlings in batches with many families; Can improve percentage of seedgermination and emergence rate; Emerge neat, growth is vigorous, seedling is healthy and strong, not excessive growth, the root of vomitting, dwarfing, rigid, the seedling flower bud differentiation is normal, has guaranteed characteristic, the yield and quality of crop varieties.At present, this seedling medium is used in melon dish, flowers etc. in a large number and grows seedlings and produce.
Experiment effect
Handle I: the special-purpose seedling medium of the board vegetable category of radically reforming that contrast (CK) Ningxia company of radically reforming produces.
Handle II: No. one, Tianrui's seedling medium (do not add poly-aspartic-acid, amino-oligosaccharide, swash antibiotic 968 and unit and 120).
Handle III: No. two, Tianrui's seedling medium (add poly-aspartic-acid, amino-oligosaccharide, swash antibiotic 968 and unit and 120).
Table one emergence rate statistics
Table two different disposal seedling quality is measured the result
| Handle | Average height of seedling | Radical | The longest root | The seedling fresh weight | The seedling dry weight |
| Ⅰ（CK） | 12.6㎝ | 82 | 7.2㎝ | 61.2g | 7.4g |
| Ⅱ | 12.7㎝ | 76 | 6.8㎝ | 63.5g | 7.7g |
| Ⅲ | 13.2㎝ | 86 | 7.7㎝ | 70.2g | 8.2g |
The variance analysis and the significance test of table three different disposal seedling height of seedling
The variance analysis and the significance test of table four different disposal seedling fresh weight
The variance analysis and the significance test of table five different disposal seedling dry weight
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is made further detailed description, following examples are descriptive, are not restrictive, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
Embodiment 1:
1, the peat composed of rotten mosses 50%, natural pond, fermentation back slag 15%, biological organic fertilizer 8%, vermiculite 15%, perlite 12% tentatively mix by volume, and cumulative volume is 1 cubic metre.
2, with ammonium sulfate 0.5kg, potassium sulphate 0.8kg, MAP 0.3kg, manganese sulphate 0.1kg, boric acid 0.07kg, sodium selenite 0.05kg, poly-aspartic-acid 0.5kg, amino-oligosaccharide 0.8kg.75 milliliters of plant disease protective agents (unit and-120), 70% sharp antibiotic (968 antibiotic) 500 gram addings fill in the sprayer of 10 premium on currency, and are subsequent use through stirring.
3, the biological organic fertilizer in the step 1 being used the aperture is 4 ㎜ square hole screens, evenly mixes in other material in the step 1 after sieve is good, in the above-mentioned mixed fertilizer of the even adding of the mixed solution of step 2; Manual work turns one time, and using the aperture is 10 ㎜ square hole screens sieve one time, and coarse fodder hand breaking continued is sieved; Up to all passing through; Adding water, to make moisture be below 25% of material, continues to turn three times, draws evenly with rake while turning.After finishing, preparation built heap vexed 48 hours, the qualified back quantitative package of inspection by sampling with plastic foil.
Unit with-120 production units is: Dezhou unit and agricultural science and technology development corporation, Ltd.; Swashing antibiotic (968 antibiotic) production unit is: Distributions in Liaocheng of Shandong Province Feitian biotechnology development corporation, Ltd.; Biological organic fertilizer production unit: space biotechnology Co., Ltd of Wuzhong City section.
Embodiment 2:
1, the peat composed of rotten mosses 55%, natural pond, fermentation back slag 12%, biological organic fertilizer 10%, vermiculite 15%, perlite 8% tentatively mix by volume, and cumulative volume is 1 cubic metre.
2, with ammonium sulfate 0.8kg, potassium sulphate 0.8kg, MAP 0.5kg, manganese sulphate 0.15kg, boric acid 0.06kg, sodium selenite 0.06kg, poly-aspartic-acid 0.8kg, amino-oligosaccharide 0.9kg.100 milliliters of plant disease protective agents (unit and-120), 70% sharp antibiotic (968 antibiotic) 450 gram addings fill in the sprayer of 10 premium on currency, and are subsequent use through stirring.
3, the biological organic fertilizer in the step 1 being used the aperture is 4 ㎜ square hole screens, evenly mixes in other material in the step 1 after sieve is good, in the above-mentioned mixed fertilizer of the even adding of the mixed solution of step 2; Manual work turns one time, and using the aperture is 10 ㎜ square hole screens sieve one time, and coarse fodder hand breaking continued is sieved; Up to all passing through; Adding water, to make moisture be below 25% of material, continues to turn three times, draws evenly with rake while turning.After finishing, preparation built heap vexed 48 hours, the qualified back quantitative package of inspection by sampling with plastic foil.
Unit with-120 production units is: Dezhou unit and agricultural science and technology development corporation, Ltd.; Swashing antibiotic (968 antibiotic) production unit is: Distributions in Liaocheng of Shandong Province Feitian biotechnology development corporation, Ltd.; Biological organic fertilizer production unit: space biotechnology Co., Ltd of Wuzhong City section.
Embodiment 3:
1, the peat composed of rotten mosses 60%, natural pond, fermentation back slag 10%, biological organic fertilizer 12%, vermiculite 10%, perlite 12% tentatively mix by volume, and cumulative volume is 1 cubic metre.
2, with ammonium sulfate 1.0kg, potassium sulphate 0.7kg, MAP 0.6kg, manganese sulphate 0.2kg, boric acid 0.08kg, sodium selenite 0.08kg, poly-aspartic-acid 0.9kg, amino-oligosaccharide 0.7kg.150 milliliters of plant disease protective agents (unit and-120), 70% sharp antibiotic (968 antibiotic) 520 gram addings fill in the sprayer of 10 premium on currency, and are subsequent use through stirring.
3, production method is identical with embodiment 1.
Unit with-120 production units is: Dezhou unit and agricultural science and technology development corporation, Ltd.; Swashing antibiotic (968 antibiotic) production unit is: Distributions in Liaocheng of Shandong Province Feitian biotechnology development corporation, Ltd.; Biological organic fertilizer production unit: space biotechnology Co., Ltd of Wuzhong City section.
Embodiment 4:
1, the peat composed of rotten mosses 65%, natural pond, fermentation back slag 10%, biological organic fertilizer 8%, vermiculite 10%, perlite 8% tentatively mix by volume, and cumulative volume is 1 cubic metre.
2, with ammonium sulfate 0.6kg, potassium sulphate 0.6kg, MAP 0.7kg, manganese sulphate 0.15kg, boric acid 0.1kg, sodium selenite 0.08kg, poly-aspartic-acid 1.0kg, amino-oligosaccharide 1.0kg.90 milliliters of plant disease protective agents (unit and-120), 70% sharp antibiotic (968 antibiotic) 600 gram addings fill in the sprayer of 10 premium on currency, and are subsequent use through stirring.
3, production method is identical with embodiment 1.
Unit with-120 production units is: Dezhou unit and agricultural science and technology development corporation, Ltd.; Swashing antibiotic (968 antibiotic) production unit is: Distributions in Liaocheng of Shandong Province Feitian biotechnology development corporation, Ltd.; Biological organic fertilizer production unit: space biotechnology Co., Ltd of Wuzhong City section.
Logical repetition test and summary in a few years; Successfully develop and be suitable for the seedling medium of Different Crop type in various seasons, this matrix has fertilizer efficiency abundance, nutrition slow-release, disease-resistant degeneration-resistant, comprehensive nutrition; Function such as with strong points, various indexs reach industry standard.Through producing the factory's use of growing seedlings in batches with many families; Can improve percentage of seedgermination and emergence rate; Emerge neat, growth is vigorous, seedling is healthy and strong, not excessive growth, the root of vomitting, dwarfing, rigid, the seedling flower bud differentiation is normal, has guaranteed characteristic and production output, the quality of crop varieties.At present, this seedling medium is used in melon dish, flowers etc. in a large number and grows seedlings and produce.
Claims (3)
1. melon vegetable grow seedling ground substance can be made by following method:
(1), the peat composed of rotten mosses, natural pond, fermentation back slag, biological organic fertilizer, vermiculite, perlite are tentatively mixed by volume, its component ratio is: peat composed of rotten mosses 50-63%, fermentation back natural pond slag 10-15%, biological organic fertilizer (fermentation cow dung) 8-15%, vermiculite 10-15%, perlite 8-12%;
(2), with ammonium sulfate 0.4-1.0kg, potassium sulphate 0.5-0.8kg, MAP 0.3-0.7kg, manganese sulphate 0.1-0.2kg, boric acid 0.06-0.1kg, sodium selenite 0.05-0.08kg, poly-aspartic-acid 0.5-1.0kg, amino-oligosaccharide 0.6-1.0kg.Plant disease protective agent (unit and-120) 50-150 milliliter, 70% swashs the adding of antibiotic (968 antibiotic) 400-600 gram and fills in the sprayer of 10 premium on currency, and is subsequent use through stirring;
(3), the biological organic fertilizer in the step (1) is used the aperture is 4 ㎜ square hole screens, evenly mix after sieve is good in the step (1) in other material except that biological organic fertilizer, with the mixed solution of step (2) evenly in the above-mentioned mixed fertilizer of adding; Manual work turns one time, and using the aperture is 10 ㎜ square hole screens sieve one time, and coarse fodder hand breaking continued is sieved; Up to all passing through; Adding water, to make moisture be below 25% of material, continues to turn three times, draws evenly with rake while turning.After finishing, preparation built heap vexed 48 hours, the qualified back quantitative package of inspection by sampling with plastic foil.
2. a kind of melon vegetable grow seedling ground substance according to claim 1 is characterised in that:
(1), the peat composed of rotten mosses 50%, natural pond, fermentation back slag 15%, biological organic fertilizer 8%, vermiculite 15%, perlite 12% tentatively mix by volume, cumulative volume is 1 cubic metre;
(2), with ammonium sulfate 0.5kg, potassium sulphate 0.8kg, MAP 0.3kg, manganese sulphate 0.1kg, boric acid 0.07kg, sodium selenite 0.05kg, poly-aspartic-acid 0.5kg, amino-oligosaccharide 0.8kg.75 milliliters of plant disease protective agents (unit and-120), 70% sharp antibiotic (968 antibiotic) 500 gram addings fill in the sprayer of 10 premium on currency, and are subsequent use through stirring; It is 4 ㎜ square hole screens that biological organic fertilizer in the step (1) is used the aperture, evenly mixes in other material in the step (1) after sieve is good, in the above-mentioned mixed fertilizer of the even adding of the mixed solution of step (2); Manual work turns one time, and using the aperture is 10 ㎜ square hole screens sieve one time, and coarse fodder hand breaking continued is sieved; Up to all passing through; Adding water, to make moisture be below 25% of material, continues to turn three times, draws evenly with rake while turning.After finishing, preparation built heap vexed 48 hours, the qualified back quantitative package of inspection by sampling with plastic foil.
3. a production method of making claim 1 or 2 said melon vegetable grow seedling ground substances comprises the steps:
It is 4 ㎜ square hole screens that biological organic fertilizer in the step (1) is used the aperture, evenly mixes after sieve is good in the step 1 in the material of other except that biological organic fertilizer, with the mixed solution of step (2) evenly in the above-mentioned mixed fertilizer of adding; Manual work turns one time, and using the aperture is 10 ㎜ square hole screens sieve one time, and coarse fodder hand breaking continued is sieved; Up to all passing through; Adding water, to make moisture be below 25% of material, continues to turn three times, draws evenly with rake while turning.After finishing, preparation built heap vexed 48 hours, the qualified back quantitative package of inspection by sampling with plastic foil.
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| CN103771995A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2014-05-07 | 石玉国 | Production technology for environment-friendly biological seedling substrate |
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| CN105085050A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-11-25 | 天津市工业微生物研究所有限公司 | Nutrient medium for okra soilless culture and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106069334A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-09 | 安徽梅兰园林景观工程有限公司 | A kind of seedling medium and compound method thereof |
| CN106045594A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-10-26 | 上海师范大学 | Vegetable cultivating substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN106380253A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 宿州市埇桥区九里梦种植专业合作社 | Preparation method of Beili pumpkin seedling culture substrate |
| CN107011017A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-08-04 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of vegetables selenium-rich organic seedling medium |
| CN113854059A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2021-12-31 | 庐山市绿游生态农业开发有限公司 | Planting method of ecological organic selenium-rich agricultural products |
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