CN105948873A - Zinc and selenium-rich organic fertilizer special for tea tree and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Zinc and selenium-rich organic fertilizer special for tea tree and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105948873A CN105948873A CN201610485287.0A CN201610485287A CN105948873A CN 105948873 A CN105948873 A CN 105948873A CN 201610485287 A CN201610485287 A CN 201610485287A CN 105948873 A CN105948873 A CN 105948873A
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- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- phosphate
- fertilizer
- selenium
- rich
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention provides a zinc and selenium-rich organic fertilizer special for a tea tree and a preparation method thereof. The zinc and selenium-rich organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials: straws, oil meal, phosphate fertilizer, animal waste, zinc sulphate and sodium selenite. A preparation process for the zinc and selenium-rich organic fertilizer special for the tea tree comprises the following steps: crushing the straws, mixing the crushed straws with the oil meal, the phosphate fertilizer, the animal waste and a decomposition maturing agent to obtain a mixture, and then fermenting for over 10 days. By adopting the formula of the invention, the prepared organic fertilizer is reasonable in element matching and can meet the requirements on the growth of tea leaves; meanwhile, the organic fertilizer contains a large amount of fungi, such as bacillus subtilis, saccharomycetes, lactobacillus bulgaricus, fermented cytophaga and aspergillus niger, which are beneficial to the growth of the tea leaves; products produced by the decomposition of the fungi can further promote the growth of the tea leaves; moreover, after the zinc sulphate and the sodium selenite in the raw materials are processed by fungi, zinc and selenium are converted into the substances in a combined-state which are easily absorbed by the tea tree, so that the content of zinc and selenium of the tea leaves is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, relate to a kind of Camellia sinensis rich in zinc, selenium element special
Fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Current fertilizer type used by tea tree planting is a lot, and wherein Folium Camelliae sinensis special fertilizer uses city mostly
Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer commercially available on field, it is mainly made up of the big inorganic elements of N, P, K tri-,
The growth needs of Camellia sinensis can be met at short notice.But life-time service can make soil aggregate
Destroyed, easily cause soil compaction, soil property hardening, thus affect growth of tea plant, Folium Camelliae sinensis
Quality declines.Though the most simple fertilizer is rich in organic matter, but nutrients release is slow, Camellia sinensis
Absorption is slow, fertilizer efficiency is low, does not reaches active balance between various available nutrients, owing to Folium Camelliae sinensis is fertile
Material formula not science, causes tea yield the highest, chemical composition and micronutrient levels in Folium Camelliae sinensis
The highest;The zinc Se content of the most conventional fertilizer is the highest so that in the Folium Camelliae sinensis of plantation, its zinc
Se content is the highest so that tea quality is short of;If directly zinc salt and selenium salt are directly appended to
In fertilizer, its absorbance is relatively low.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of rich in zinc, the Camellia sinensis of selenium element
Fertilizer special for organic and preparation method thereof, the specific scheme is that
A kind of rich in zinc, the Camellia sinensis fertilizer special for organic of selenium element, should be rich in zinc, the tea of selenium element
Tree fertilizer special for organic is to be prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion: straw 50~80 parts, oil meal
3~8 parts, phosphate fertilizer 5~15 parts, animal wastes 20~40 parts, decomposing agent 3~6 parts, zinc sulfate 0.5~1
Part, sodium selenite 0.1~0.4 part.
Further, described straw is at least one in corn straw, rape stalk.
Further, described animal wastes are at least one in sheep stool, cattle manure.
Further, described decomposing agent is fungus truffle, in truffle containing bacillus subtilis,
Yeast, Bulgarian Lactobacillus, fermentation Cytophaga, aspergillus niger, Trichoderma harzianum, ash
Color streptomycin bacterium, Bacillus cercus, cold solution sugar bacillus cereus, streptomyces microflavus, marsh are red
Pseudomonas, thermophilic actinomycete, Paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, thorn spore are inhaled
In water streptomycete at least three kinds, and the concentration of every kind of strain is 1~8 × 108cfu/g。
Further, described phosphate fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, heavily mistake
At least one in calcium phosphate, nitrophosphate fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, precipitated phosphate.
Present invention also offers a kind of rich in zinc, the system of the Camellia sinensis fertilizer special for organic of selenium element simultaneously
Preparation Method, comprises the following steps: after crushed stalk, proportionally with oil meal, phosphate fertilizer, dynamic
Thing feces, decomposing agent, zinc sulfate, sodium selenite are mixed to get compound, then ferment 10
It is above.
Further, concretely comprising the following steps of described fermentation:
A, compound is placed on the piling bin in fermenting cellar, piling bin has multilamellar can in case
The only stacking plate of compound, the compound stacking thickness in every layer of stacking plate is less than 20cm,
By the humid control of compound 75~85%, being then shut off fermenting cellar, control room humidity exists
75~85%, room pressure is 0.2~0.5 atmospheric pressure, indoor temperature 26~35 DEG C, indoor oxygen-containing
Amount is 23~25%, and the time of aerobic fermentation is 3~6h;
B, then by compound take out carry out sealed fermenting, first temperature is controlled at 26~35 DEG C,
Humid control is 65~85%, and fermentation time is 6~8 days;Then say that temperature is reduced to 5~8 DEG C,
Humidity inconvenience, fermentation time is more than 3 days;Then pelletize is dried.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is: use the formula of the present invention so that produce fertilizer
Element collocation rationally, it is possible to meet the needs of tea growth for a long time, this fertilizer contain simultaneously
Have substantial amounts of bacillus subtilis, yeast, Bulgarian Lactobacillus, fermentation Cytophaga,
Aspergillus nigers etc. are of value to the fungus of tea growth, and the product that fungus is decomposed can promote tea further
The growth of leaf;And zinc sulfate in raw material, sodium selenite are through the process of above-mentioned fungus, make
Zinc, selenium element transformation are to be prone to the compound state material that Camellia sinensis absorbs, and increase the zinc Se content of Folium Camelliae sinensis;
The growth under tea tree of the most above-mentioned fungus, beneficially chesson, increase the oxygen-containing of soil
Amount, increases the absorbability of Folium Camelliae sinensis tree root further, promotes tea growth;Simultaneously by upper
State the process of fungus so that the phosphate fertilizer of use is converted into the Excreta of fungus, add phosphorus unit
The rate that is absorbed and used of element;Efficiently avoid chemical fertilizer and cause the situation of soil compaction;With
Time, using the fertilizer that the method for the present invention makes, it is with short production cycle, the fertilizer of production
Fertilizer efficiency is high and lasting.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical scheme is described further below, but claimed scope is not limited to
In described.
Embodiment one
Present embodiments provide a kind of rich in zinc, the Camellia sinensis fertilizer special for organic of selenium element, including with
Lower step:
1, material choice
Straw, optional rice straw, corn straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk etc.;This
Implement to select corn straw;
Animal wastes, optional pig manure, cattle manure, sheep stool, chicken manure, duck excrement, goose excrement etc., this
Implement to select cattle manure;
Phosphate fertilizer, optional potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, nitre
Acid phosphate fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, precipitated phosphate etc., this enforcement selects potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
Decomposing agent is fungus truffle, containing bacillus subtilis, yeast, Bao Jiali in truffle
Sub-lactobacillus, fermentation Cytophaga, aspergillus niger, Trichoderma harzianum, Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt streptomycin bacterium, wax
Shape bacillus cereus, cold solution sugar bacillus cereus, streptomyces microflavus, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, thermophilic
In actinomycetes, Paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Streptomyces hygrospinosus extremely
Few three kinds;The present embodiment selects bacillus subtilis, fermentation Cytophaga, the red false unit cell in marsh
Bacterium, and the concentration of every kind of strain is 1~8 × 108cfu/g;
Zinc sulfate;
Sodium selenite.
2, the making of fertilizer
1) raw material mixing: mix according to following material rate: straw 50kg, oil meal 3kg, phosphorus
Fertile 5kg, animal wastes 20kg, decomposing agent 3kg, zinc sulfate 0.5kg, sodium selenite 0.1kg.
2) aerobic fermentation, is placed in compound on the piling bin in fermenting cellar, piling bin has
Multilamellar is possible to prevent the stacking plate of compound, and the compound in every layer of stacking plate is stacked thickness and do not surpassed
Cross 20cm, by the humid control of compound 75~85%, be then shut off fermenting cellar, control room
Humidity is 75~85%, and room pressure is 0.2~0.5 atmospheric pressure, indoor temperature 26~35 DEG C,
Indoor oxygen content is 23~25%, and the time of aerobic fermentation is 3~6h;High oxygen, low pressure, relatively
The environment of high-temperature so that fungus Fast-propagation, accelerates the speed of production of fertilizer;
3) anaerobic fermentation, then takes out compound and carries out sealed fermenting, first by temperature control
At 26~35 DEG C, humid control is 65~85%, and fermentation time is 6~8 days;Then say that temperature drops
As little as 5~8 DEG C, humidity inconvenience, fermentation time is more than 3 days;Then pelletize is dried;First
Use the yeasting of high temperature so that the activity of fungus is high so that straw, animal wastes, oil
Nutrient substance in the dregs of rice is converted in a large number;Later stage low temperature fermentation can be effectively reduced the work of fungus
Property, retain the nutrient substance retained in straw, animal wastes, oil meal;Make to make is organic
Fat effect is high and lasting.
Embodiment two
Present embodiments provide a kind of rich in zinc, the Camellia sinensis fertilizer special for organic of selenium element, including with
Lower step:
1, material choice
Straw, optional rice straw, corn straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk etc.;This
Implement to select rape stalk;
Animal wastes, optional pig manure, cattle manure, sheep stool, chicken manure, duck excrement, goose excrement etc., this
Implement to select sheep stool;
Phosphate fertilizer, optional potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, nitre
Acid phosphate fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, precipitated phosphate etc., this enforcement selects the phosphoric acid of equivalent
Potassium dihydrogen, calcium magnesium phosphate;
Decomposing agent is fungus truffle, containing bacillus subtilis, yeast, Bao Jiali in truffle
Sub-lactobacillus, fermentation Cytophaga, aspergillus niger, Trichoderma harzianum, Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt streptomycin bacterium, wax
Shape bacillus cereus, cold solution sugar bacillus cereus, streptomyces microflavus, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, thermophilic
In actinomycetes, Paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Streptomyces hygrospinosus extremely
Few three kinds;The present embodiment selects bacillus subtilis, fermentation Cytophaga, the red false unit cell in marsh
The concentration of bacterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Streptomyces hygrospinosus, and every kind of strain is 1~8
×108cfu/g;
Zinc sulfate;
Sodium selenite.
2, the making of fertilizer
1) raw material mixing: mix according to following material rate: straw 80kg, oil meal 8kg, phosphorus
Fertile 15kg, animal wastes 40kg, decomposing agent 6kg, zinc sulfate 1kg, sodium selenite 0.4kg.
2) aerobic fermentation, is placed in compound on the piling bin in fermenting cellar, piling bin has
Multilamellar is possible to prevent the stacking plate of compound, and the compound in every layer of stacking plate is stacked thickness and do not surpassed
Cross 20cm, by the humid control of compound 75%, be then shut off fermenting cellar, control room endogenous dampness
Degree is 7%, and room pressure is 0.2 atmospheric pressure, indoor temperature 35 DEG C, and indoor oxygen content is 23%,
The time of aerobic fermentation is 3h;High oxygen, low pressure, the environment of higher temperature so that fungus is fast
Speed breeding, accelerates the speed of production of fertilizer;
3) anaerobic fermentation, then takes out compound and carries out sealed fermenting, first by temperature control
At 35 DEG C, humid control is 65%, and fermentation time is 6 days;Then say that temperature is reduced to 8 DEG C,
Humidity inconvenience, fermentation time is 4 days;Then pelletize is dried;First use the fermentation of high temperature
Environment so that the activity of fungus is high so that the nutrient substance in straw, animal wastes, oil meal
It is converted in a large number;Later stage low temperature fermentation can be effectively reduced the activity of fungus, retain straw,
The nutrient substance retained in animal wastes, oil meal;Make the fertilizer fertilizer efficiency made high and lasting.
Embodiment three
Present embodiments provide a kind of rich in zinc, the Camellia sinensis fertilizer special for organic of selenium element, including with
Lower step:
1, material choice
Straw, optional rice straw, corn straw, wheat stalk, rape stalk etc.;This
Implement to select corn straw and the rape stalk of equivalent;
Animal wastes, optional pig manure, cattle manure, sheep stool, chicken manure, duck excrement, goose excrement etc., this
Implement to select cattle manure and the sheep stool of equivalent;
Phosphate fertilizer, optional potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate, nitre
Acid phosphate fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, precipitated phosphate etc., this enforcement selects the phosphoric acid of equivalent
Potassium dihydrogen, calcium superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, precipitated phosphate;
Decomposing agent is fungus truffle, containing bacillus subtilis, yeast, Bao Jiali in truffle
Sub-lactobacillus, fermentation Cytophaga, aspergillus niger, Trichoderma harzianum, Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt streptomycin bacterium, wax
Shape bacillus cereus, cold solution sugar bacillus cereus, streptomyces microflavus, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, thermophilic
In actinomycetes, Paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Streptomyces hygrospinosus extremely
Few three kinds;The present embodiment selects bacillus subtilis, fermentation Cytophaga, the red false unit cell in marsh
Bacterium, streptomyces microflavus, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, thermophilic actinomycete, Paecilomyces lilacinus, solution
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Streptomyces hygrospinosus, and the concentration of every kind of strain be 1~8 ×
108cfu/g;
Zinc sulfate;
Sodium selenite.
2, the making of fertilizer
1) raw material mixing: mix according to following material rate: straw 65kg, oil meal 6kg, phosphorus
Fertile 10kg, animal wastes 30kg, decomposing agent 5kg, zinc sulfate 0.8kg, sodium selenite 0.2kg.
2) aerobic fermentation, is placed in compound on the piling bin in fermenting cellar, piling bin has
Multilamellar is possible to prevent the stacking plate of compound, and the compound in every layer of stacking plate is stacked thickness and do not surpassed
Cross 20cm, by the humid control of compound 80%, be then shut off fermenting cellar, control room endogenous dampness
Degree is 80%, and room pressure is 0.3 atmospheric pressure, indoor temperature 26~35 DEG C, indoor oxygen content
Being 24%, the time of aerobic fermentation is 5h;High oxygen, low pressure, the environment of higher temperature, make
Obtain fungus Fast-propagation, accelerate the speed of production of fertilizer;
3) anaerobic fermentation, then takes out compound and carries out sealed fermenting, first by temperature control
At 30 DEG C, humid control is 75%, and fermentation time is 7 days;Then say that temperature is reduced to 5~8 DEG C,
Humidity inconvenience, fermentation time is 3 days;Then pelletize is dried;First use the fermentation of high temperature
Environment so that the activity of fungus is high so that the nutrient substance in straw, animal wastes, oil meal
It is converted in a large number;Later stage low temperature fermentation can be effectively reduced the activity of fungus, retain straw,
The nutrient substance retained in animal wastes, oil meal;Make the fertilizer fertilizer efficiency made high and lasting.
Claims (7)
1. one kind rich in zinc, the Camellia sinensis fertilizer special for organic of selenium element, it is characterised in that: this richness
Camellia sinensis fertilizer special for organic containing zinc, selenium element is to be prepared from by the raw material of following weight portion: straw
Stalk 50~80 parts, oil meal 3~8 parts, phosphate fertilizer 5~15 parts, animal wastes 20~40 parts, decomposing agent 3~6
Part, zinc sulfate 0.5~1 part, sodium selenite 0.1~0.4 part.
2. as claimed in claim 1 rich in zinc, the Camellia sinensis fertilizer special for organic of selenium element, it is special
Levy and be: described straw is at least one in corn straw, rape stalk.
3. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 rich in zinc, the Camellia sinensis fertilizer special for organic of selenium element,
It is characterized in that: described animal wastes are at least one in sheep stool, cattle manure.
4. as claimed in claim 1 rich in zinc, the Camellia sinensis fertilizer special for organic of selenium element, it is special
Levy and be: described decomposing agent is fungus truffle, containing bacillus subtilis, yeast in truffle
Bacterium, Bulgarian Lactobacillus, fermentation Cytophaga, aspergillus niger, Trichoderma harzianum, Lycoperdon polymorphum Vitt chain
Mycin bacterium, Bacillus cercus, cold solution sugar bacillus cereus, streptomyces microflavus, the red false list in marsh
Born of the same parents bacterium, thermophilic actinomycete, Paecilomyces lilacinus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, thorn spore water suction chain
In mycete at least three kinds, and the concentration of every kind of strain is 1~8 × 108cfu/g。
5. as claimed in claim 1 rich in zinc, the Camellia sinensis fertilizer special for organic of selenium element, it is special
Levy and be: described phosphate fertilizer be potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, double superhosphate,
At least one in nitrophosphate fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, precipitated phosphate.
6. one kind as described in Claims 1 to 5 rich in zinc, the Camellia sinensis fertilizer special for organic of selenium element
Preparation method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps: after crushed stalk, proportionally with
Oil meal, phosphate fertilizer, animal wastes, decomposing agent, zinc sulfate, sodium selenite are mixed to get compound,
Then fermentation more than 10 days.
7. as claimed in claim 6 rich in zinc, the preparation of the Camellia sinensis fertilizer special for organic of selenium element
Method, it is characterised in that: concretely comprising the following steps of described fermentation:
A, compound is placed on the piling bin in fermenting cellar, piling bin has multilamellar can in case
The only stacking plate of compound, the compound stacking thickness in every layer of stacking plate is less than 20cm,
By the humid control of compound 75~85%, being then shut off fermenting cellar, control room humidity exists
75~85%, room pressure is 0.2~0.5 atmospheric pressure, indoor temperature 26~35 DEG C, indoor oxygen-containing
Amount is 23~25%, and the time of aerobic fermentation is 3~6h;
B, then by compound take out carry out sealed fermenting, first temperature is controlled at 26~35 DEG C,
Humid control is 65~85%, and fermentation time is 6~8 days;Then say that temperature is reduced to 5~8 DEG C,
Humidity inconvenience, fermentation time is more than 3 days;Then pelletize is dried.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106800454A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-06-06 | 潜山县彭河幸福茶场 | Topdress liquid and its production method after a kind of tealeaves seedling-slowing stage |
CN111484374A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2020-08-04 | 中国科学院上海营养与健康研究所 | Trichoderma source nano selenium leaf fertilizer for reducing crop fungal disease and toxin pollution |
CN112136642A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-29 | 甘肃省农业科学院生物技术研究所 | Seedling raising substrate containing fermented vegetable liquid and fermented straws and preparation method and application thereof |
CN115536460A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2022-12-30 | 赣州市畜牧水产研究所 | Biological technology and formula for producing multi-trace element selenium-rich organic fertilizer by using livestock and poultry manure |
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CN105218230A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2016-01-06 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of special Zn-Se fertilizer of tea tree and application process thereof |
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CN102010248A (en) * | 2010-10-25 | 2011-04-13 | 孙明坤 | Complex microorganism organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
CN102668859A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2012-09-19 | 南昌大学 | Planting method of low-aluminum zinc-containing rich-selenium health care tea in hilly red soil region |
CN104311193A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-01-28 | 广西罗城新科双全有机食品有限公司 | Tea tree organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106800454A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-06-06 | 潜山县彭河幸福茶场 | Topdress liquid and its production method after a kind of tealeaves seedling-slowing stage |
CN111484374A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2020-08-04 | 中国科学院上海营养与健康研究所 | Trichoderma source nano selenium leaf fertilizer for reducing crop fungal disease and toxin pollution |
CN112136642A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-29 | 甘肃省农业科学院生物技术研究所 | Seedling raising substrate containing fermented vegetable liquid and fermented straws and preparation method and application thereof |
CN115536460A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2022-12-30 | 赣州市畜牧水产研究所 | Biological technology and formula for producing multi-trace element selenium-rich organic fertilizer by using livestock and poultry manure |
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