CN105940893A - Quisqualis indica seedling rapid propagation method - Google Patents
Quisqualis indica seedling rapid propagation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105940893A CN105940893A CN201610259481.7A CN201610259481A CN105940893A CN 105940893 A CN105940893 A CN 105940893A CN 201610259481 A CN201610259481 A CN 201610259481A CN 105940893 A CN105940893 A CN 105940893A
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- fructus quisqualis
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 244000044425 Quisqualis indica Species 0.000 title claims abstract 13
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 24
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000195940 Bryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 14
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004345 fruit ripening Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 241000221033 Quisqualis Species 0.000 description 33
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 5
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000407877 Combretum Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000009361 ascariasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000024241 parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- MPNNOLHYOHFJKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N peroxyphosphoric acid Chemical compound OOP(O)(O)=O MPNNOLHYOHFJKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035040 seed growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a quisqualis indica seedling rapid propagation method. The method comprises the following steps: new seeds of the current year are harvested in late autumn when fruits are ripe, wherein shells are removed, and seeds are taken out; the surfaces of the seeds are disinfected, and the disinfected seeds are mixed with a wet substrate according to a volume ratio of 1:3; the mixture is placed under a temperature of 30-35 DEG C in a light incubator, and constant-temperature germination acceleration is conducted for 2-3 days; the wet substrate and seeds obtained after germination acceleration are directly sowed on a light-substrate seedbed, and are not covered; seedling-raising temperature is 30-35 DEG C, and the surface of the seedbed is kept moist; after half a month of cultivation, a water-soluble phosphate fertilizer is sprayed once; seedling-raising is carried out for 30-45 days; and when seedling heights reach 10-30cm, the seedlings can be outplanted. The wet substrate is one selected from sand, perlite and vermiculite. The light substrate is a mixture of peat and one or two selected from coarse vermiculite and coarse perlite. With the method provided by the invention, seed germination rate and seedling survival rate can be substantially improved, such that quisqualis indica seedling rapid propagation is realized. Also, the method has high actual application values on quisqualis indica novel variety breeding works.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nursery stock production raising technology field, the fast breeding method of a kind of Fructus Quisqualis seedling.
Background technology
Fructus Quisqualis crude drug source belongs to the dry mature fruit of Fructus Quisqualis in Combretum Racemosum Fructus Quisqualis, has effect of killing insect and eliminating accumulation,
It is usually used in department of pediatrics parasitism ascariasis.The former plant of Fructus Quisqualis is for climbing up by holding on to shape shrub, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, pattern is bright-coloured, is south China
The sight leaf decorative flower that area is common.Fructus Quisqualis is a kind of plant with higher medicinal and ornamental value, and cultivation prospect is non-
The most wide.
Fructus Quisqualis seminal propagation both can be improved the breed, and for breeding of new variety, can improve again seedling quality and reproduction speed,
Produce for scale breeding.But owing to Fructus Quisqualis seed is wrapped up by hard shell, the water-permeable and air permeable of shell difference and to embryo
The mechanical restriction effect that has of growth, difficulty water suction when causing seed germination, difficult broken shell growth, germination percentage are low, and planting shell is restriction
The serious problems of seminal propagation.The artificial culture of the upper Fructus Quisqualis of production at present is based on cottage propagation, and cutting seedling can keep maternal
Character, can make the time blossomed and beared fruit do sth. in advance, but the root system of cutting seedling is more weak, and phenomenon is preced with in easy appearance partially, and the life-span is shorter than reality
Raw Seedling, seedling quality is poor.And the seminal propagation bud ratio of routine is extremely low, seedling is very little, it is impossible to reach to breed requirement.Cause
This is large-scale cultivation Fructus Quisqualis strong sprout in the nursery field of medicinal plant farming and afforestation industry, at scientific research field for selecting
The Fructus Quisqualis new varieties that more plant types, leaf, pattern, florescence are different, need that a kind of low cost, reproduction speed be fast, seedling badly
The seedling mating system that rate is high, seedling quality is excellent, simple to operate.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above and/or defect, and the advantage that at least will be described later is provided.
The present invention's it is also an object that provide the fast breeding method of a kind of Fructus Quisqualis seedling.It is by abolishing Fructus Quisqualis
Seed hull takes kind, accelerating germination process and nursery and cultivates, and significantly improves percentage of seedgermination, planting percent, it is achieved Fructus Quisqualis seedling
Fast breeding, in scientific research, the work of Fructus Quisqualis breeding of new variety is also of very high actual application value simultaneously.
In order to realize according to object of the present invention and further advantage, it is provided that the fast breeding method of Fructus Quisqualis seedling:
S1, seed selection take kind: gather after autumn end fruit maturation and receive novel species then, remove shell, take out seed；
S2, accelerating germination process: mix with wet basis matter 1:3 by volume after being sterilized by the surface of the seed, be placed in the illumination of 30-35 DEG C
Constant temperature accelerating germination 2-3 days in incubator；
S3, nursery are cultivated: accelerating germination processes the wet basis matter obtained and directly broadcasts sowing on Light media seedbed with seed, do not do any
Covering, nursery temperature is 30-35 DEG C, and timing watering every day once, keeps seedbed surface wettability, sprays after cultivating two weeks
Water soluble phosphorous fertilizer once, after nursery 30-45 days, can go out garden when height of seedling reaches 10-30cm；
Wherein, wet basis matter be relative humidity be not less than 80% sand, perlite, one in Vermiculitum；
Light media be granularity be one or both mixture with the peat composed of rotten mosses in the thick Vermiculitum of 3-5mm, thick perlite.
Preferably, in S2 the surface of the seed sterilization concretely comprise the following steps: select mass fraction 0.05%-0.15% potassium permanganate
Or mass fraction 0.5%-2% sodium hypochlorite is disinfectant solution, disinfectant solution and seed 3:1 by volume being mixed, soak seed 10-30
Minute, temperature controls at 20-30 DEG C, terminates rear clear water and rinses seed 3-5 time.
Preferably, S2 need through washing water of rice seed soaking before the surface of the seed sterilization: first by washing water of rice in 40KHz frequency
Lower sonic oscillation 3-5 minute, then mixes with seed 2:1 by volume, soaks 4-5h, take out under 30-40 DEG C of temperature conditions
Seed, washing water of rice is continued to employ.
Preferably, in S2 wet basis matter through pretreatment: in the washing water of rice continued to employ add calcium nitrate, potassium sulfate, phosphoric acid
Ammonium dihydrogen, magnesium sulfate formation calcium nitrate mass concentration is 354mg/L, potassium sulfate mass concentration is 607mg/L, biphosphate
Ammonium mass concentration is 96mg/L, magnesium sulfate mass concentration be the solution of 185mg/L as soak, wet basis matter is soaked 24h,
Soak and wet basis matter volume ratio 3:1.
Preferably, in S3, Light media is the thick Vermiculitum of volume ratio: the peat composed of rotten mosses=3:7, thick perlite: the peat composed of rotten mosses=3:7, thick Vermiculitum: slightly precious
Zhu Yan: any one in the peat composed of rotten mosses=1:1:1.
Preferably, also added microbial-bacterial fertilizer in Light media, Light media and microbial-bacterial fertilizer volume ratio are 10:1, micro-life
In thing bacterial manure, microbial bacteria and quality of organic matter are than for 1:84, and microbial bacteria includes the photosynthetic bacteria of mass ratio 2:1:1:2, mycorhiza
Fungus, Bacillus licheniformis and bacillus subtilis.
Preferably, the long 80cm in seedbed in S3, wide 35cm, deep 10cm, it is sown into 200, seed.
Preferably, keeping seedbed surface wettability in S3 is that relative humidity reaches more than 80%.
Preferably, in S3, water soluble phosphorous fertilizer is the calcium superphosphate leachate of mass fraction 1%.
The present invention at least includes following beneficial effect:
The first, Fructus Quisqualis artificial culture is based on cottage propagation, and what the present invention gathered after selecting autumn end Fructus Quisqualis fruit maturation works as
Year receives novel species and breeds, and owing to seed is wrapped up by hard shell, the water-permeable and air permeable of shell is poor, and directly sowing germination percentage is extremely low,
Therefore remove shell, take out seed and release the shell obstruction to seed germination, significantly improve percentage of seedgermination, then pass through accelerating germination
The seedling finally obtain vigorous, the well developed root system of growth with nursery, lasting a long time；
The second, the present invention is according to the germination characteristic of Fructus Quisqualis seed, and that selects in damp sand, wet perlite, wet Vermiculitum is any one
Plant as substrate, mix with wet basis matter 1:3 by volume after the surface of the seed is sterilized, be placed in the illumination box of 30-35 DEG C
Interior constant temperature accelerating germination 2-3 days, makes seed sow after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally again, and significantly improves germination speed and germination regularity；
3rd, the present invention is according to the seedling characteristic of Fructus Quisqualis seed, accelerating germination is processed the wet basis matter obtained and directly broadcasts sowing with seed
On Light media seedbed, not doing any covering, selected substrate is all that Light media, moisture and nutrition can be interpenetrated,
It is more beneficial for seed is quickly unearthed so not covering；
4th, the present invention selects washing water of rice to soak seed, by washing water of rice sonic oscillation 3-5 minute under 40KHz frequency, then with
Seed 2:1 by volume mixes, and soaks 4-5h under 30-40 DEG C of temperature conditions, and washing water of rice rich in starch, ultrasonic rear starch can be more
The most soluble in water, being used for soaks seed can soften the seed coat of Fructus Quisqualis seed, reduces the resistance germinateed, and effect is better than conventional leaching
The method of kind；
5th, calcium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate formation immersion are added in the washing water of rice that the present invention will continue to employ
Liquid, soaks wet basis matter 24h, and washing water of rice can increase calcium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate in wet basis matter
Adhesive force, himself also can be as fertilizer rich in various trace element simultaneously, and these fertilizer are stored in stromal surface and space,
The nutrition being prone to absorb is provided for seed growth, there is the most collaborative effect, dramatically speed up the speed of growth of seedling；
6th, the present invention also added microbial-bacterial fertilizer in Light media, and microbial-bacterial fertilizer is not provided only with machine fertilizer, and
Its contained microbial bacteria can also suppress the fungus in soil and seedling root disease and pest, strengthens seedling disease resistance, improves soil
The supply situation of nutrient, aeration status and porousness in earth, promote seedling root growth.
Part is embodied by the further advantage of the present invention, target and feature by description below, and part also will be by the present invention
Research and practice and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is elaborated, with can after making those of ordinary skill in the art refer to this specification
Implement according to this.
<embodiment 1>
The invention provides the fast breeding method of Fructus Quisqualis seedling, comprise the following steps:
Step one, seed selection take kind: gather after autumn end fruit maturation and receive novel species then, remove shell, take out seed；
Step 2, accelerating germination process: selecting mass fraction 0.05% potassium permanganate is disinfectant solution, by disinfectant solution and seed by volume
Ratio 3:1 mixing, soak seed 30 minutes, and temperature 20 DEG C terminates rear clear water and rinses seed 3 times, after the surface of the seed is sterilized and
Damp sand 1:3 by volume mixes, and damp sand relative humidity is not less than 80%, is placed in constant temperature accelerating germination 2 in the illumination box of 30 DEG C
My god；
Step 3, nursery are cultivated: accelerating germination processes the damp sand obtained and directly broadcasts sowing in the thick Vermiculitum of volume ratio with seed: the peat composed of rotten mosses=3:7
Light media seedbed on, do not do any covering, thick Vermiculitum granularity is 3mm, the long 80cm in seedbed, wide 35cm, deep 10cm,
It is sown into 200, seed.Nursery temperature is 30 DEG C, and timing watering every day once, keeps seedbed surface wettability, relative humidity
Reaching more than 80%, spray water soluble phosphorous fertilizer once after cultivating two weeks, water soluble phosphorous fertilizer is the peroxophosphoric acid of mass fraction 1%
Calcium leachate, after nursery 30 days, can go out garden when height of seedling reaches 10cm.
<embodiment 2>
The invention provides the fast breeding method of Fructus Quisqualis seedling, comprise the following steps:
Step one, seed selection take kind: gather after autumn end fruit maturation and receive novel species then, remove shell, take out seed；
Step 2, accelerating germination process: selecting mass fraction 0.15% potassium permanganate is disinfectant solution, by disinfectant solution and seed by volume
Ratio 3:1 mixing, soak seed 10 minutes, and temperature 30 DEG C terminates rear clear water and rinses seed 5 times, after the surface of the seed is sterilized and
Wet perlite 1:3 by volume mixes, and wet perlite relative humidity is not less than 80%, permanent in being placed in the illumination box of 35 DEG C
Temperature accelerating germination 3 days；
Step 3, nursery are cultivated: accelerating germination processes the wet perlite obtained and directly broadcasts sowing in the thick perlite of volume ratio with seed:
On the Light media seedbed of the peat composed of rotten mosses=3:7, not doing any covering, thick perlite granularity is 5mm, the long 80cm in seedbed, wide 35cm,
Deep 10cm, is sown into 200, seed, and nursery temperature is 35 DEG C, and timing watering every day once, keeps seedbed surface wettability,
Relative humidity reaches more than 80%, sprays water soluble phosphorous fertilizer once after cultivating two weeks, and water soluble phosphorous fertilizer is mass fraction 1%
Calcium superphosphate leachate, after nursery 45 days, garden can be gone out when height of seedling reaches 25cm.
<embodiment 3>
The invention provides the fast breeding method of Fructus Quisqualis seedling, comprise the following steps:
Step one, seed selection take kind: gather after autumn end fruit maturation and receive novel species then, remove shell, take out seed；
Step 2, accelerating germination process: selecting mass fraction 0.10% potassium permanganate is disinfectant solution, by disinfectant solution and seed by volume
Ratio 3:1 mixing, soak seed 20 minutes, and temperature 25 DEG C terminates rear clear water and rinses seed 4 times, after the surface of the seed is sterilized and
Wet Vermiculitum 1:3 by volume mixes, and wet Vermiculitum relative humidity is not less than 80%, and in being placed in the illumination box of 33 DEG C, constant temperature is urged
Bud 2.5 days；
Step 3, nursery are cultivated: accelerating germination processes the wet Vermiculitum obtained and directly broadcasts sowing in the thick Vermiculitum of volume ratio with seed: be slightly precious
On the Light media seedbed of Zhu Yan: the peat composed of rotten mosses=1:1:1, not doing any covering, thick Vermiculitum, thick perlite granularity are 4mm, Seedling
Bed long 80cm, wide 35cm, deep 10cm, be sown into 200, seed, and nursery temperature is 33 DEG C, and every day, timing was sprinkled water once,
Keeping seedbed surface wettability, relative humidity reaches more than 80%, sprays water soluble phosphorous fertilizer once, water solublity after cultivating two weeks
Phosphate fertilizer is the calcium superphosphate leachate of mass fraction 1%, after nursery 40 days, can go out garden when height of seedling reaches 20cm.
<embodiment 4>
The invention provides the fast breeding method of Fructus Quisqualis seedling, comprise the following steps:
Step one, seed selection take kind: gather after autumn end fruit maturation and receive novel species then, remove shell, take out seed；
Step 2, accelerating germination process: washing water of rice seed soaking, by washing water of rice sonic oscillation 3 minutes under 40KHz frequency,
Then mixing with seed 2:1 by volume, soak 5h, take out seed under 30 DEG C of temperature conditionss, washing water of rice is continued to employ, and is continuing to employ
Washing water of rice in add calcium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate formed calcium nitrate mass concentration be 354mg/L,
Potassium sulfate mass concentration is 607mg/L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate mass concentration is 96mg/L, magnesium sulfate mass concentration is 185mg/L
Solution as soak, damp sand is soaked 24h, soak and damp sand volume ratio 3:1, select mass fraction 0.05% Gao Meng
Acid potassium is disinfectant solution, disinfectant solution and seed 3:1 is by volume mixed, soaks seed 30 minutes, and temperature 20 DEG C is clear after terminating
Water rinses seed 3 times, mixes with damp sand 1:3 by volume, be placed in the illumination box of 30 DEG C after being sterilized by the surface of the seed
Constant temperature accelerating germination 2 days；
Step 3, nursery are cultivated: accelerating germination processes the damp sand obtained and directly broadcasts sowing in the thick Vermiculitum of volume ratio with seed: the peat composed of rotten mosses=3:7
Light media seedbed on, do not do any covering, thick Vermiculitum granularity is 3mm, also added microbial-bacterial fertilizer in Light media,
Light media and microbial-bacterial fertilizer volume ratio are 10:1, and in microbial-bacterial fertilizer, microbial bacteria and quality of organic matter ratio is for 1:84, micro-life
Thing bacterium includes the photosynthetic bacteria of mass ratio 2:1:1:2, mycorrhizal fungi, Bacillus licheniformis and bacillus subtilis, the long 80cm in seedbed,
Wide 35cm, deep 10cm, be sown into 200, seed, and nursery temperature is 30 DEG C, and timing watering every day once, keeps seedbed table
Face moistens, and relative humidity reaches more than 80%, sprays water soluble phosphorous fertilizer once after cultivating two weeks, and water soluble phosphorous fertilizer is quality
The calcium superphosphate leachate of mark 1%, after nursery 30 days, can go out garden when height of seedling reaches 10cm.
<embodiment 5>
The invention provides the fast breeding method of Fructus Quisqualis seedling, comprise the following steps:
Step one, seed selection take kind: gather after autumn end fruit maturation and receive novel species then, remove shell, take out seed；
Step 2, accelerating germination process: washing water of rice seed soaking, by washing water of rice sonic oscillation 4 minutes under 40KHz frequency,
Then mixing with seed 2:1 by volume, soak 4h, take out seed under 40 DEG C of temperature conditionss, washing water of rice is continued to employ, and is continuing to employ
Washing water of rice in add calcium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate formed calcium nitrate mass concentration be 354mg/L,
Potassium sulfate mass concentration is 607mg/L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate mass concentration is 96mg/L, magnesium sulfate mass concentration is 185mg/L
Solution as soak, wet perlite is soaked 24h, soak and wet perlite volume ratio 3:1, selects mass fraction
0.15% potassium permanganate is disinfectant solution, disinfectant solution and seed 3:1 is by volume mixed, soaks seed 10 minutes, temperature 30 DEG C,
After end, clear water rinses seed 5 times, mixes with wet perlite 1:3 by volume, be placed in 35 DEG C after being sterilized by the surface of the seed
Constant temperature accelerating germination 3 days in illumination box；
Step 3, nursery are cultivated: accelerating germination processes the wet perlite obtained and directly broadcasts sowing in the thick perlite of volume ratio with seed:
On the Light media seedbed of the peat composed of rotten mosses=3:7, not doing any covering, thick perlite granularity is 5mm, also added micro-in Light media
Bio-bacterial manure, Light media and microbial-bacterial fertilizer volume ratio are 10:1, and in microbial-bacterial fertilizer, microbial bacteria with quality of organic matter ratio is
1:84, microbial bacteria includes the photosynthetic bacteria of mass ratio 2:1:1:2, mycorrhizal fungi, Bacillus licheniformis and bacillus subtilis,
The long 80cm in seedbed, wide 35cm, deep 10cm, be sown into 200, seed, and nursery temperature is 35 DEG C, timing watering one every day
Secondary, keep seedbed surface wettability, relative humidity reaches more than 80%, sprays water soluble phosphorous fertilizer once, water after cultivating two weeks
Dissolubility phosphate fertilizer is the calcium superphosphate leachate of mass fraction 1%, after nursery 45 days, can go out garden when height of seedling reaches 25cm.
<embodiment 6>
The invention provides the fast breeding method of Fructus Quisqualis seedling, comprise the following steps:
Step one, seed selection take kind: gather after autumn end fruit maturation and receive novel species then, remove shell, take out seed；
Step 2, accelerating germination process: washing water of rice seed soaking, by washing water of rice sonic oscillation 5 minutes under 40KHz frequency,
Then mixing with seed 2:1 by volume, soak 4.5h, take out seed under 35 DEG C of temperature conditionss, washing water of rice is continued to employ, and is staying
Washing water of rice in add calcium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate formed calcium nitrate mass concentration be 354mg/L,
Potassium sulfate mass concentration is 607mg/L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate mass concentration is 96mg/L, magnesium sulfate mass concentration is 185mg/L
Solution as soak, wet Vermiculitum is soaked 24h, soak and wet Vermiculitum volume ratio 3:1, selects mass fraction 0.10%
Sodium hypochlorite is disinfectant solution, disinfectant solution and seed 3:1 is by volume mixed, soaks seed 20 minutes, and temperature 25 DEG C terminates
Rear clear water rinses seed 4 times, mixes with wet Vermiculitum 1:3 by volume after being sterilized by the surface of the seed, is placed in the illumination training of 33 DEG C
Constant temperature accelerating germination 2.5 days in foster case；
Step 3, nursery are cultivated: accelerating germination processes the wet Vermiculitum obtained and directly broadcasts sowing in the thick Vermiculitum of volume ratio with seed: be slightly precious
On the Light media seedbed of Zhu Yan: the peat composed of rotten mosses=1:1:1, not doing any covering, thick Vermiculitum, thick perlite granularity are 4mm, gently
Also added microbial-bacterial fertilizer in substrate, Light media and microbial-bacterial fertilizer volume ratio are 10:1, microbial bacteria in microbial-bacterial fertilizer
With quality of organic matter than for 1:84, microbial bacteria includes the photosynthetic bacteria of mass ratio 2:1:1:2, mycorrhizal fungi, lichens spore bar
Bacterium and bacillus subtilis, the long 80cm in seedbed, wide 35cm, deep 10cm, it is sown into 200, seed, nursery temperature is 35 DEG C,
Timing watering every day once, keeps seedbed surface wettability, and relative humidity reaches more than 80%, sprays water-soluble after cultivating two weeks
Once, water soluble phosphorous fertilizer is the calcium superphosphate leachate of mass fraction 1% to property phosphate fertilizer, after nursery 40 days, when height of seedling reaches 20cm
Time can go out garden.
<comparative example 1>
The Fructus Quisqualis seed routine seed-soaking method Seed soaking 4-5h that will be wrapped up by shell, after conventional method accelerating germination 2-3 days, directly
Connect and be seeded in nursery cultivation 45 days on generic media seedbed.
The each embodiment of table 1 is on Fructus Quisqualis seed germination rate and the impact of planting percent
| Comparative example 1 | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Embodiment 6 | |
| Bud ratio (%) | 3.1 | 79.3 | 79.8 | 80.4 | 87.3 | 87.1 | 87.7 |
| Planting percent (%) | 2.4 | 77.6 | 77.9 | 78.2 | 85.9 | 85.7 | 86.3 |
As can be seen from Table 1, Fructus Quisqualis fruit takes kind through broken shell, urges at illumination box constant temperature with wet basis matter after seed disinfection
Bud, carries out nursery cultivation on Light media seedbed, can significantly improve seed germination rate and planting percent；Further, seed is used
Washing water of rice is soaked seed, and wet basis matter is soaked by soak, after adding microbial-bacterial fertilizer in Light media seedbed, it is possible to improves further and makes
Gentleman's percentage of seedgermination and planting percent.
<comparative example 2>
By the Fructus Quisqualis Seedling of cutting survival compared with Fructus Quisqualis seedling from seed in embodiment 1-6, seedling planting percent is
77%-86%, cutting seedling planting percent is 75%-88%, and seedling planting percent can compare favourably with cutting seedling；Seedling root/shoot ratio
For 1:(3-5) well developed root system, and cutting seedling root/shoot ratio is 1:(8-12) root system is less more weak；Further, seedling growing way
Vigorous, the speed of growth is significantly faster than that cutting seedling.
Although embodiment of the present invention are disclosed as above, but it is not restricted in description and embodiment listed utilization,
It can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, is easily achieved
Amendment additionally, therefore under the general concept limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention is not limited to spy
Fixed details and shown here as with describe embodiment.
Claims (9)
1. the fast breeding method of a Fructus Quisqualis seedling, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
S1, seed selection take kind: gather after autumn end fruit maturation and receive novel species then, remove shell, take out seed；
S2, accelerating germination process: mix with wet basis matter 1:3 by volume after being sterilized by the surface of the seed, be placed in the illumination of 30-35 DEG C
Constant temperature accelerating germination 2-3 days in incubator；
S3, nursery are cultivated: accelerating germination processes the wet basis matter obtained and directly broadcasts sowing on Light media seedbed with seed, do not do any
Covering, nursery temperature is 30-35 DEG C, and timing watering every day once, keeps seedbed surface wettability, sprays after cultivating two weeks
Water soluble phosphorous fertilizer once, after nursery 30-45 days, can go out garden when height of seedling reaches 10-30cm；
Wherein, wet basis matter be relative humidity be not less than 80% sand, perlite, one in Vermiculitum；
Light media be granularity be one or both mixture with the peat composed of rotten mosses in the thick Vermiculitum of 3-5mm, thick perlite.
2. the fast breeding method of Fructus Quisqualis seedling as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the surface of the seed in S2
Concretely comprising the following steps of sterilization: selection mass fraction 0.05%-0.15% potassium permanganate or mass fraction 0.5%-2% sodium hypochlorite are
Disinfectant solution, mixes disinfectant solution and seed 3:1 by volume, soaks seed 10-30 minute, and temperature controls at 20-30 DEG C, terminates
Rear clear water rinses seed 3-5 time.
3. the fast breeding method of Fructus Quisqualis seedling as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the surface of the seed in S2
Need through washing water of rice seed soaking before sterilization, first by washing water of rice sonic oscillation 3-5 minute under 40KHz frequency, then with kind
Son 2:1 by volume mixes, and soaks 4-5h, take out seed under 30-40 DEG C of temperature conditions, and washing water of rice is continued to employ.
4. the fast breeding method of Fructus Quisqualis seedling as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that wet basis matter warp in S2
Cross pretreatment: in the washing water of rice continued to employ, add calcium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate formation calcium nitrate quality
Concentration is 354mg/L, potassium sulfate mass concentration is 607mg/L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate mass concentration is 96mg/L, magnesium sulfate
Mass concentration be the solution of 185mg/L as soak, wet basis matter is soaked 24h, soak and wet basis matter volume ratio 3:1.
5. the fast breeding method of Fructus Quisqualis seedling as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in S3, Light media is
The thick Vermiculitum of volume ratio: the peat composed of rotten mosses=3:7, thick perlite: the peat composed of rotten mosses=3:7, thick Vermiculitum: thick perlite: any one in the peat composed of rotten mosses=1:1:1.
6. the fast breeding method of Fructus Quisqualis seedling as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that also add in Light media
Having added microbial-bacterial fertilizer, Light media and microbial-bacterial fertilizer volume ratio are 10:1, microbial bacteria and organic matter in microbial-bacterial fertilizer
Amount ratio is 1:84, and microbial bacteria includes the photosynthetic bacteria of mass ratio 2:1:1:2, mycorrhizal fungi, Bacillus licheniformis and hay bud
Spore bacillus.
7. the fast breeding method of Fructus Quisqualis seedling as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the long 80cm in seedbed,
Wide 35cm, deep 10cm, be sown into 200, seed.
8. the fast breeding method of Fructus Quisqualis seedling as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that keep seedbed in S3
Surface wettability is that relative humidity reaches more than 80%.
9. the fast breeding method of Fructus Quisqualis seedling as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that water-soluble phosphorus in S3
Fertilizer is the calcium superphosphate leachate of mass fraction 1%.
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| CN108012611A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-11 | 海南师范大学 | The collection method of red olive Lee seed and red olive Lee method for culturing seedlings |
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| CN107223512A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-10-03 | 合肥同创园林科技有限公司 | It is a kind of view and admire with acer truncatum seedling breed and strong sprout method |
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| CN116941377A (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2023-10-27 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | Method for quickly sprouting and seedling formation of Pterocarpus marsupium |
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