CN113016474B - Seedling raising method for radix zanthoxyli seedlings - Google Patents
Seedling raising method for radix zanthoxyli seedlings Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/28—Raised beds; Planting beds; Edging elements for beds, lawn or the like, e.g. tiles
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling raising method of radix zanthoxyli, which comprises the following steps: s1: selecting a radix zanthoxyli plant as a parent tree, and harvesting mature healthy and full seeds; s2: soaking seeds in sodium bicarbonate solution or sodium hydroxide solution to lower Wen Cengji, and breaking dormancy of seeds; s3: the seeds and river sand after lamination treatment are planted with the seed density of 20 to 50g/m 2 Uniformly broadcasting on a seedbed, and no surface soil is covered after sowing; or the seeds after the lamination treatment are sown in a seedling container filled with seedling substrate, and the depth of the sowing is 0-1 cm; s4: and (3) seedling management, namely keeping a seedling bed or a seedling substrate moist, spraying fertilizer water once after two true leaves of the seedlings grow after seeds germinate, and taking out of the nursery for field planting when the seedlings are 10-15 cm high. The method can effectively shorten the seedling raising period of the radix zanthoxyli, improve the survival rate of seedlings and the quality of the seedlings, and has important significance for promoting the production of radix zanthoxyli medicinal materials and the industrial development of the radix zanthoxyli medicinal materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine breeding and agricultural planting. More particularly, the invention relates to a seedling raising method of radix zanthoxyli.
Background
Radix Zanthoxyli is radix Zanthoxyli (radix Zanthoxyli, zanthoxylum nitidum, rutaceae) and is derived from dried root of radix Zanthoxyli Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC, has effects of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, activating qi-flowing, relieving pain, dispelling pathogenic wind, dredging collaterals, removing toxic substance, and relieving swelling, and can be used for treating traumatic injury, stomach pain, toothache, rheumatalgia, venomous snake bite, and external burn and scald. Guangxi radix Zanthoxyli resource and production and marketing province, radix Zanthoxyli plants are distributed in different climatic zones of Guangxi, and radix Zanthoxyli medicinal material produced in Guangxi has highest content of chloridized radix Zanthoxyli alkali. However, for a long time, radix zanthoxyli medicinal materials always source wild resources, and unreasonable forestation is wasted, so that radix zanthoxyli resources are reduced year by year, and rapid propagation and artificial cultivation research of radix zanthoxyli are also increasingly important. Radix Zanthoxyli is mainly propagated by seeds, the seeds which are picked and sown at the same time germinate earliest and tidily, and the seeds which are sown at 10 months and 5 months germinate and come out of soil in the next year, and the germination time is up to 180 days. Limiting conditions for seed germination of radix zanthoxyli include water absorption disorder of seed coats, immature embryos, germination inhibitors and the like, seed dormancy cannot be broken through treatment of concentrated sulfuric acid, dilute hydrochloric acid, dilute sodium hydroxide, warm soup seed soaking and the like, and seed dormancy can be relieved to a certain extent through low-temperature wet sand layer lamination treatment, gibberellin treatment and the like. Because of different quality, long germination period and low germination rate, the radix zanthoxyli seed has difficult work and popularization such as rapid propagation, fine variety breeding, large-scale cultivation production and the like, and severely restricts the development of radix zanthoxyli resources in the traditional Chinese medicine industry and the daily chemical industry.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages to be described later.
The invention also aims to provide a radix zanthoxyli seedling raising method which can effectively shorten the radix zanthoxyli seedling raising period, improve the seedling survival rate and the seedling quality and has important significance in promoting the production of radix zanthoxyli medicinal materials and the industrial development of the radix zanthoxyli medicinal materials.
To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a method for raising seedlings of radix Zanthoxyli comprising the steps of:
s1: selecting a radix zanthoxyli plant as a parent tree, and harvesting mature healthy and full seeds;
s2: soaking seeds in sodium bicarbonate solution or sodium hydroxide solution, taking out, washing in clear water, and removing dormancy of seeds at a level of Wen Cengji;
s3: the seeds and river sand after lamination treatment are planted with the seed density of 20 to 50g/m 2 Uniformly broadcasting on a seedbed, covering no surface soil after sowing, sterilizing the seedbed before sowing, airing until the seedbed is dry, and watering thoroughly;
or the seeds after the lamination treatment are sown in a seedling raising container filled with seedling raising matrixes, the depth of the sowing is 0-1 cm, and the seedling raising matrixes are spread for 1-2 d after being thoroughly watered before the sowing;
s4: and (3) seedling cultivation management, wherein the environmental temperature is kept at 20-30 ℃, water spray mist keeps a seedling bed or a seedling cultivation matrix moist, fertilizer water is sprayed once after two true leaves of the seedlings grow after seeds germinate, and the seedlings can be transplanted out of a nursery for field planting when the height of the seedlings is 10-15 cm.
Preferably, in S1, harvesting the plant of radix zanthoxyli which grows for more than 2-3 years and is sufficient in illumination and healthy as a mother tree, harvesting mature fruits when the fruit shell of the full-length fruits is changed from green to mauve for 9-10 months, placing the harvested full-length fruits at a ventilated, cool and dry place for drying in the shade for 5-7 d, knocking to crack the fruit pod after the fruit shell is cracked, removing the fruit peduncles, the fruit shells and empty and shrunken seeds, and screening the full and healthy seeds of black round beads.
Preferably, in S2, the specific mode of seed soaking is: soaking the seeds in sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass fraction of 1-5% for 5-8 h, taking out and washing in clear water.
Preferably, in S2, the specific mode of seed soaking is: soaking in sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 1-2% for 5-10 min, taking out and placing in clean water for washing.
Preferably, in S2, the specific mode of low-temperature lamination is: uniformly mixing seeds and wet sand according to the volume ratio of 1:3, and laminating for 30-50 d at a low temperature of 0-5 ℃ under the environment temperature.
Preferably, in the step S3, the seedbed comprises a river sand layer with the depth of 5-10 cm, a mixed soil layer with the depth of 5-10 cm and a light matrix layer with the depth of 3-5 cm, wherein the river sand layer, the mixed soil layer and the light matrix layer are sequentially distributed from bottom to top, the mixed soil layer is formed by uniformly mixing river sand and garden soil according to the volume ratio of 1:1, and the light matrix layer is formed by uniformly mixing vermiculite, peat soil and perlite according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1.
Preferably, in the step S3, the seedling raising matrix is formed by uniformly mixing river sand and garden soil according to the volume ratio of 1:1, or is formed by uniformly mixing vermiculite, peat soil and perlite according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1.
Preferably, in S4, the fertilizer water is a mixed aqueous solution of urea with the mass fraction of 0.1-0.5% and potassium dihydrogen phosphate with the mass fraction of 0.1-0.5%.
Preferably, sodium hypochlorite solution with mass fraction of 2% is sprayed on the surfaces of garden soil and peat soil, the garden soil and peat soil are dried in the sun, and a mixed aqueous solution of amino-oligosaccharin with mass concentration of 0.5g/L and glucose with mass concentration of 1g/L is sprayed until the surfaces are wet and do not agglomerate.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
firstly, seed soaking is carried out by a baking soda solution or a sodium hydroxide solution to break dormancy of the radix zanthoxyli seeds, so that the emergence rate and the emergence uniformity of the radix zanthoxyli seeds are improved; the survival rate of seedlings is increased by matching a proper seedbed or seedling substrate in a broadcasting or dibbling shallow sowing mode; the growth of the seedlings is effectively promoted by the frequent fertilization water, and the quality of the seedlings is improved.
Compared with the conventional seedling raising method, the method can effectively shorten the seedling raising period of the radix zanthoxyli, improve the survival rate of seedlings and the quality of the seedlings, and has important significance for promoting the production of radix zanthoxyli medicinal materials and the industrial development of the radix zanthoxyli medicinal materials.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a nitidissima fruit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a nitidissima seed of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a seedling of Zanthoxylum nitidum of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a seedling Nanning nursery of radix Zanthoxyli of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a Zanthoxylum nitidum seedling Yulin nursery of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention by reference to the specification.
It will be understood that terms, such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
The experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise indicated, and the reagents and materials are commercially available.
And (3) carrying out jade forest field test:
the seedlings of Zanthoxylum nitidum were cultivated in 2015, yulin, yuzhou, district Lin Zhenmao, cen village, five-color field (east longitude 110 deg. 17'52.20 ", north latitude 22 deg. 39' 26.06").
Example 1 ]
Step 1: collecting radix Zanthoxyli in five-color garden at 10 and 3 months in 2018, spreading and airing in shade in the room, at 8 months in 10 and 8 days, beating fruit pod with wood stick to thresh seeds, manually picking out impurities such as fruit stalks and fruit shells, and screening out empty and shrunken grains to obtain clean seeds with seed weight of 3.22g, as shown in figure 2.
Step 2: soaking 0.8kg of clean seeds in 10L of 2% sodium bicarbonate solution for 8h, fishing out, washing in clear water for 3 times, uniformly mixing the seeds and wet sand according to the volume ratio of 1:3, placing into a foam box, sealing, placing the foam box into a refrigerator with the temperature of 5 ℃ and the temperature of Wen Cengji to 30d, taking out and sowing for 11 months and 8 days.
Step 3:10 months and 26 days in a seedling raising shed, 30m 2 4 seedling raising ponds are built on the seedling raising field, each pond is 1m wide, 10m long and 30cm deep, a layer of river sand with the thickness of 10cm is firstly paved at the bottom of the pond, a layer of mixed soil with the volume ratio of the river sand with the thickness of 10cm to the garden soil of 1:1 is paved in the middle, a layer of mixed light matrix with the volume ratio of vermiculite with the thickness of 5cm, peat soil and perlite of 1:1 is paved on the surface layer, 0.1% potassium permanganate solution is sprayed for disinfection, the mixture is dried for 11 months and 5 days, and then the seedling raising bed is watered thoroughly. Sowing for 11 months and 8 days, uniformly sowing the laminated seeds on a seedbed, covering no surface soil after sowing, then putting a plastic film arch shed with the height of 30cm on a seedling raising pond, keeping the environmental temperature at 20-30 ℃, and spraying water mist for 10min at 10 am every day in the shed to keep the seedbed moist. After germination of the seeds, seedlings to be grown growSpraying a foliar fertilizer which is mixed liquid of 0.5% of urea and 0.1% of monopotassium phosphate after two true leaves are produced.
The field emergence rate was checked at 45d and 23 days after sowing, and the seedlings were as shown in FIG. 3. 3 months after sowing, 8 days after sowing, the seedling rate is checked to be 59%, the total number of seedlings is about 1.5 ten thousand plants, the average plant height is 7.5cm, and the seedling nursery of the radix zanthoxyli is shown in figure 5. The technology shortens the production period of the radix zanthoxyli seedlings from 1 year of a conventional method to 4 months, namely, from 10 months in 2018 to 3 months in 2019 to 8 months in 2 years, and improves the germination rate of seeds from 0-10% to 68% in a natural state.
Example 2 ]
Step 1-2 is the same as in example 1, except that step 3:
step 3:10 months and 26 days in a seedling raising shed, 30m 2 4 seedling raising ponds are built on the seedling raising field, the width of each pond is 1m, the length of each pond is 10m, the depth of each pond is 30cm, garden soil and peat soil are pretreated, sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass fraction of 2% is sprayed on the surface of each pond, the pond is dried in the sun, a mixed aqueous solution of amino-oligosaccharin with the mass concentration of 0.5g/L and glucose with the mass concentration of 1g/L is sprayed on the surface of each pond until the surface of each pond is wet and does not agglomerate, after the pretreatment is finished, a layer of river sand with the thickness of 10cm is firstly paved on the bottom of each pond, a layer of mixed soil with the volume ratio of 1:1 between the river sand with the thickness of 10cm and the garden soil is paved, a layer of mixed light matrix with the volume ratio of 5cm thick vermiculite, peat soil and perlite is paved on the surface of 1:1:1, 0.1% potassium permanganate solution is sprayed for disinfection, the pond is dried in the sun for 11 months, and then the seedling bed is watered. Sowing for 11 months and 8 days, uniformly sowing the laminated seeds on a seedbed, covering no surface soil after sowing, then putting a plastic film arch shed with the height of 30cm on a seedling raising pond, keeping the environmental temperature at 20-30 ℃, and spraying water mist for 10min at 10 am every day in the shed to keep the seedbed moist. Spraying a foliar fertilizer once after two true leaves grow out of the seedlings after the seeds germinate, wherein the foliar fertilizer is a mixed solution of 0.5 percent of urea and 0.1 percent of monopotassium phosphate.
45d after sowing, 23 days of 12 months, and the field emergence rate is 72 percent. 3 months after sowing, 2 months and 8 days after sowing, the seedling rate is checked to be 63%, the total number of seedlings is about 1.6 ten thousand plants, and the average plant height is 7.8cm.
The method is characterized in that garden soil and peat soil are pretreated, so that the method can directly inhibit various pathogenic bacteria, activate plant cells, be decomposed and utilized by microorganisms and serve as plant growth nutrients, and the plastic arch shed can preserve heat and moisture, maintain stable seedling raising environment and is beneficial to seedling growth.
Comparative example 1 ]
Steps 1, 3 are the same as in example 1, except step 2:
soaking 0.3kg of clean seeds in gibberellin solution with the concentration of 200mg/L for 18 hours, fishing out, washing in clear water for 3 times, uniformly mixing the seeds and wet sand according to the volume ratio of 1:3, filling the mixture into a foam box, sealing, placing the foam box in a refrigerator with the temperature of 5 ℃ for Wen Cengji to 30 days, taking out the foam box for 8 days 11 months, and sowing. And 3, broadcasting and cultivating seedlings in 1 seedling raising pond.
45d after sowing, 23 days of 12 months, and the field emergence rate is checked to be 9%. 3 months after sowing, 8 days after sowing, the seedling rate is checked to be 11%, the total number of seedlings is about 0.1 ten thousand plants, and the average plant height is 7.4cm.
The seed shell is hard and compact, the gibberellin cannot remove the grease, the seed shell cannot be softened, and the effect of promoting seed germination cannot be achieved, so that the seed germination speed is still low, and the germination time is still long.
Comparative example 2 ]
Step 1-2 is the same as in example 1, except that step 3:
and 3, sowing and raising seedlings in 1 seedling raising pond, uniformly broadcasting the laminated seeds at the depth of 2cm of the seedbed, and covering surface soil after sowing.
45d after sowing, 23 days of 12 months, and the field emergence rate is checked to be 26%. 3 months after sowing, 8 days after sowing, checking that the seedling rate is 30%, the total number of seedlings is about 0.75 ten thousand plants, and the average plant height is 7.0cm.
This is because the sowing depth is large, the air permeability in the matrix is poor, and germination of the needle seeds is not favored.
South peace field test:
the seedlings of Zanthoxylum nitidum were cultivated in the Guangxi pharmaceutical plant garden (east longitude 108 deg. 22'11.21 ", north latitude 22 deg. 51' 30.42") in 2018.
Example 3 ]
Step 1: the fruit of radix Zanthoxyli in the plant garden is collected in the period of 22 and 9 months in 2018, as shown in figure 1, spread and aired in the indoor shade for 25 and 9 months, the seeds are threshed by knocking the pod by the wood stick, the impurities such as the fruit stalks and the fruit shells are manually picked out, and the empty shrunken seeds are screened out, so that the total weight of the net seeds is 12.4kg, the hundred-grain weight of the seeds is 3.51g, namely the total grain number is about 35.3 ten thousand grains, as shown in figure 2.
Step 2: 3kg of clean seeds are soaked in 50L of 1% sodium hydroxide solution for 10min, fished out and washed for 5 times in clear water, then the seeds and the wet sand are evenly mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:3 and are filled into a foam box, the foam box is sealed, the foam box is placed in a refrigerator with the temperature of 5 ℃ for Wen Cengji d, and the seeds are taken out and sowed for 11 months and 5 days.
Step 3: leveling the ground in a seedling raising shed for 26 days in 10 months, mixing river sand and garden soil according to the volume ratio of 1:1, spraying 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for sterilization, and airing until dry. Putting the mixed soil into a 10cm nutrition pot for 11 months and 1 day, putting the mixed soil to the ground of a seedbed in order, and then installing an atomizing nozzle on the seedbed to thoroughly water the nutrition cup. Sowing for 11 months and 5 days, sowing the laminated seeds on the surface soil of each nutrition pot, then building a shading net with the height of 50cm on the seedlings, keeping the ambient temperature at 20-30 ℃, and spraying water mist for 10min at 10 am and 6 pm each day in the greenhouse to keep the seedbed moist. Spraying a foliar fertilizer once after two true leaves grow out of the seedlings after the seeds germinate, wherein the foliar fertilizer is a mixed solution of 0.5 percent of urea and 0.1 percent of monopotassium phosphate.
After 45d and 20 months after sowing, the field emergence rate is checked to be 75%, and seedlings are shown in figure 3. 3 months after sowing, 2 months and 5 days, the rate of seedling formation is checked to be 65%, the total number of seedlings is about 5.5 ten thousand plants, the average plant height is 7.9cm, and the seedling nursery of the radix zanthoxyli is shown in figure 4. The technology shortens the production period of the radix zanthoxyli seedlings from 1 year of a conventional method to 4 half months, namely 22 days of 9 months of 2018 to 5 days of 2 months of 2019, and improves the germination rate of seeds from 0-10% to 75% in a natural state.
Example 4 ]
Step 1-2 is the same as in example 1, except that step 3:
step 3: leveling the ground in a seedling raising shed for 10 months and 26 days, simultaneously pretreating garden soil, spraying sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass fraction of 2%, sun-drying, spraying mixed aqueous solution of amino-oligosaccharin with the mass concentration of 0.5g/L and glucose with the mass concentration of 1g/L until the surface is wet and does not agglomerate, mixing river sand and garden soil according to the volume ratio of 1:1 after the pretreatment, spraying 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection, and sun-drying until the surface is dry. Putting the mixed soil into a 10cm nutrition pot for 11 months and 1 day, putting the mixed soil to the ground of a seedbed in order, and then installing an atomizing nozzle on the seedbed to thoroughly water the nutrition cup. Sowing for 11 months and 5 days, sowing the laminated seeds on the surface soil of each nutrition pot, then building a shading net with the height of 50cm on the seedlings, keeping the ambient temperature at 20-30 ℃, and spraying water mist for 10min at 10 am and 6 pm each day in the greenhouse to keep the seedbed moist. Spraying a foliar fertilizer once after two true leaves grow out of the seedlings after the seeds germinate, wherein the foliar fertilizer is a mixed solution of 0.5 percent of urea and 0.1 percent of monopotassium phosphate.
45d after sowing, 20 days after 12 months, and the field emergence rate is 77 percent. 3 months after sowing, 2 months and 5 days after sowing, the seedling rate is checked to be 68 percent, the total seedling quantity is about 5.8 ten thousand plants, and the average plant height is 8.2cm.
The method is characterized in that garden soil is pretreated, so that the method can directly inhibit various pathogenic bacteria, activate plant cells, be decomposed and utilized by microorganisms and serve as plant growth nutrients, and the plastic arch shed can preserve heat and moisture, maintain stable seedling raising environment and is beneficial to seedling growth.
Comparative example 3 ]
Steps 1, 3 are the same as in example 1, except step 2:
3kg of clean seeds are placed in gibberellin solution with the concentration of 200mg/L for soaking for 18 hours, fished out and placed in clear water for washing for 5 times, then the seeds and the wet sand are evenly mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:3 and are placed in a foam box, the foam box is sealed, the foam box is placed in a refrigerator with the temperature of 5 ℃ for Wen Cengji d, and the seeds are taken out and sowed for 11 months and 5 days.
45d after sowing, 20 days after 12 months, and the field emergence rate is checked to be 5%. 3 months after sowing, 2 months and 5 days after sowing, the seedling rate is checked to be 9 percent, the total number of seedlings is about 0.8 ten thousand plants, and the average plant height is 7.5cm.
The seed shell is hard and compact, the gibberellin cannot remove the grease, the seed shell cannot be softened, and the effect of promoting seed germination cannot be achieved, so that the seed germination speed is still low, and the germination time is still long.
Comparative example 4 ]
Step 1-2 is the same as in example 1, except that step 3:
3kg of laminated seeds are sowed on the depth of 2cm of the soil of each nutrition pot, and the surface soil is backfilled until the surface soil is flush.
45d after sowing, 20 days after 12 months, and the field emergence rate is checked to be 28%. 3 months after sowing, 2 months and 5 days after sowing, the seedling rate is checked to be 25%, the total number of seedlings is about 2.1 ten thousand plants, and the average plant height is 7.1cm.
This is because the sowing depth is large, the air permeability in the matrix is poor, and germination of the needle seeds is not favored.
The number of equipment and the scale of processing described herein are intended to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the details of the description and the examples set forth, which are well suited to various fields of use, and further modifications may be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, without departing from the general concepts defined by the claims and the equivalents thereof, and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific details and details shown and described herein.
Claims (4)
1. The seedling raising method of radix zanthoxyli is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting a radix zanthoxyli plant as a parent tree, and harvesting mature healthy and full seeds;
s2: soaking seeds in sodium bicarbonate solution or sodium hydroxide solution, taking out, washing in clear water, and removing dormancy of seeds at a level of Wen Cengji;
the seed soaking method comprises the following specific steps: soaking seeds in sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass fraction of 1-5% for 5-8 hours, or sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 1-2% for 5-10 minutes, fishing out and washing in clear water;
the specific mode of low-temperature lamination is as follows: uniformly mixing seeds and wet sand according to a volume ratio of 1:3, and keeping the ambient temperature at 0-5 ℃ for Wen Cengji-50 d;
s3: uniformly broadcasting the laminated seeds and the wet sand on a seedbed at a sowing density of 20-50 g/m < 2>, wherein surface soil is not covered after sowing, the seedbed is sterilized before sowing, and the seedbed is dried and is watered thoroughly; the seedbed comprises a river sand layer with the depth of 5-10 cm, a mixed soil layer with the depth of 5-10 cm and a light matrix layer with the length of 3-5 cm, wherein the river sand layer, the mixed soil layer and the light matrix layer are sequentially distributed from bottom to top, the mixed soil layer is formed by uniformly mixing river sand and garden soil according to the volume ratio of 1:1, and the light matrix layer is formed by uniformly mixing vermiculite, peat soil and perlite according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1;
or the seeds after the lamination treatment are sown in a seedling raising container filled with seedling raising matrixes, the depth of the sowing is 0-1 cm, and the seedling raising matrixes are spread for 1-2 d after being thoroughly watered before sowing; the seedling raising matrix is formed by uniformly mixing river sand and garden soil according to the volume ratio of 1:1, or is formed by uniformly mixing vermiculite, peat soil and perlite according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1;
s4: and (3) seedling management, wherein the environmental temperature is kept at 20-30 ℃, water spray mist keeps a seedling bed or a seedling substrate moist, fertilizer water is sprayed once after two true leaves of the seedlings grow after seeds germinate, and the seedlings can be transplanted out of the nursery for field planting when the heights of the seedlings are 10-15 cm.
2. The seedling raising method of radix zanthoxyli according to claim 1, wherein in S1, harvesting radix zanthoxyli plants which are more than 2 years old, sufficient in illumination and healthy as parent trees, harvesting mature fruits when the shells of the fruits are changed from green to mauve, placing the harvested fruits at a ventilating, cooling and drying place for drying in the shade for 5-7 d, knocking to crack the shells after the shells are cracked, removing the stems, the shells and empty and shrunken seeds, and screening black round and full healthy seeds.
3. The seedling raising method of radix zanthoxyli according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, fertilizer water is a mixed aqueous solution of urea with the mass fraction of 0.1-0.5% and potassium dihydrogen phosphate with the mass fraction of 0.1-0.5%.
4. The method for raising seedlings of radix zanthoxyli according to claim 1, wherein sodium hypochlorite solution with mass fraction of 2% is sprayed on the surfaces of garden soil and peat soil, and the mixture of amino-oligosaccharin with mass concentration of 0.5g/L and glucose with mass concentration of 1g/L is dried in the sun, and the mixture is sprayed on the surfaces of the garden soil and peat soil until the surfaces are wet and do not agglomerate.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102986437A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-03-27 | 茂名市天一农业科技发展有限公司 | Method for cultivating radix zanthoxyli artificially |
| CN105940893A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-09-21 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Quisqualis indica seedling rapid propagation method |
| CN112262712A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-26 | 广西南药康园投资有限责任公司 | High-yield cultivation method for radix zanthoxyli |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102986437A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-03-27 | 茂名市天一农业科技发展有限公司 | Method for cultivating radix zanthoxyli artificially |
| CN105940893A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-09-21 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Quisqualis indica seedling rapid propagation method |
| CN112262712A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-26 | 广西南药康园投资有限责任公司 | High-yield cultivation method for radix zanthoxyli |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 黄宝优 ; 黄雪彦 ; 董青松 ; 韦莹 ; 韦坤华 ; 缪剑华 ; .两面针生态种植技术规程.热带农业科学.2020,(第03期),第43-46页. * |
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Application publication date: 20210625 Assignee: Guangxi Weisen Biotechnology Group Co.,Ltd. Assignor: GUANGXI BOTANICAL GARDEN OF MEDICINAL PLANTS Contract record no.: X2023980045127 Denomination of invention: Method of Seedling Cultivation for Double Faced Needle Seedlings Granted publication date: 20230908 License type: Common License Record date: 20231101 |