CN107736210B - High-efficiency breeding method for beautiful millettia root seedlings - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a beautiful millettia root seedling high-efficiency propagation method which comprises the steps of seed collection and treatment, seed germination acceleration, matrix preparation, seedling cultivation and the like. The rapid germination accelerating method adopts reasonable germination accelerating conditions to accelerate the rapid germination of the beautiful millettia root seeds, greatly shortens the seed germination time (5-7 days) and the seedling emergence time (about 20 days), and improves the germination rate (more than 85 percent), the seedling emergence rate (more than 94 percent) and the survival rate (more than 95 percent). The invention adopts soil, coconut chaff and slow-release organic fertilizer as materials to prepare the matrix, provides good humidity and sufficient fertilizer for the growth of the seedlings and is beneficial to the growth of the seedlings. The technology of the invention is scientific and reasonable, has strong practicability and convenient operation, can quickly and efficiently cultivate a large amount of high-quality beautiful millettia root seedlings, and is beneficial to large-scale and standardized production of the seedlings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a high-efficiency propagation method of beautiful millettia root seedlings.
Background
Millettia speciosa Champ is a Millettia speciosa Champ belonging to Papilionaceae, namely Millettia speciosa, Alstonia scholaris and Alstonia speciosa, and is a common medicinal and edible plant distributed in China, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and other places. In recent years, wild beautiful millettia root resources are exhausted, the planting scale is enlarged continuously, the seedling demand is increased continuously, and a relatively mature high-quality seedling cultivation technology is urgently needed. At present, the beautiful millettia root propagation mode mainly comprises tissue culture and seed propagation, and although the tissue culture propagation technology can realize mass propagation of seedlings, the production operation is complicated, the cost is high, and whether the high yield can be realized cannot be determined, so the seed propagation mode is a seedling raising mode commonly adopted by seedling raising enterprises and farmers at present. Because the seeds are mature from 12 months to 2 months in the next year, the seeds need long time for germination under natural conditions, have low germination rate and slow seedling growth, are not beneficial to the standardized and large-scale production of high-quality beautiful millettia root seedlings and are also not beneficial to the production of high-quality medicinal materials. Based on the problems, the rapid and efficient propagation technology of the beautiful millettia root seed seedlings is invented by combining the research for many years.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a beautiful millettia root seedling high-efficiency propagation method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an efficient breeding method for beautiful millettia root seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting mature beautiful millettia root seeds;
(2) soaking fresh seeds in 40-45 deg.C warm water for 3-4 hr, or soaking dry seeds in 40-45 deg.C warm water to swell sufficiently;
(3) taking a tray with a proper size, and cleaning the tray with clean water; boiling gauze pieces with the same specification as the tray in boiled water, taking out and cooling; paving wet gauze at the bottom of the tray, uniformly and flatly paving the beautiful millettia root seeds on the gauze in a single layer, fully paving the whole tray, and covering the seeds on the upper part by the wet gauze;
(4) placing the tray with the spread seeds in an incubator or an artificial climate box, wherein the culture conditions are as follows: the temperature is 33-40 ℃, and the humidity is 70-85%;
(5) washing the upper and lower layers of gauze with clear water every day, washing the cultured seeds once every 2-3 days, picking out rotten seeds, washing the intact seeds with clean water for 2-3 times until the surfaces of the seeds are free from sticky and slippery feeling, continuously culturing according to the steps (3) and (4), and collecting germinated seeds;
(6) drying the crushed coconut chaff in the sun under strong light, uniformly mixing the crushed coconut chaff with the crushed cultivated soil according to the volume ratio of 1:1-2, adding 80-100kg of national standard organic fertilizer into each cubic mixture, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare a seedling culture substrate; putting the seedling culture substrate into a seedling culture container with the height of 8-10cm and the diameter of 12-15cm, and neatly placing the seedling culture container in a nursery;
(7) drilling a small hole with the depth of 1-2cm on the seedling culture substrate, placing the seeds in the hole with the buds facing downwards, covering the substrate on the upper part, and watering thoroughly, wherein the thickness of the substrate is 1-2 cm;
(8) when the maximum environmental temperature is less than or equal to 20 ℃, placing the sowed seedling raising container in a small plastic arched shed, and when the maximum environmental temperature is more than 25 ℃, removing the small plastic arched shed; the humidity is controlled to be 70-80% in the whole seedling raising process;
(9) spraying 0.1-0.5% compound fertilizer water solution every 8-12 days when the height of the seedling is 8-11cm, and spraying for 3-4 times; when the height of the seedling is 25-35cm, pruning the main stem to 8-12cm, and pruning the lateral branches, wherein the pruning is carried out for 2-3 times in the seedling stage; and cultivating for 6 months to obtain the nursery.
The dry seeds in the step (2) are obtained by the following method: drying fresh seeds in the shade in a ventilated place, filling the seeds in a nylon mesh bag, and storing the seeds in an environment with the temperature of 2-8 ℃ and the humidity of 50-70% for no more than 3 months; then the dried seeds are soaked until the seeds are fully swelled, and floating seeds and other impurities are removed.
The step (3) is as follows: the gauze is boiled in boiled water for 3-5min, the gauze spread on the bottom of the tray is 2-4 layers, and the wet gauze covering the seeds is 2-4 layers.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the rapid germination accelerating method adopts reasonable germination accelerating conditions to accelerate the rapid germination of the beautiful millettia root seeds, so that the germination time of the seeds is shortened from 30 days in a direct seeding mode to 5-7 days, the seedling emergence time is shortened from 60 days in the direct seeding mode to 30 days, and the germination and seedling emergence time of the seeds is greatly shortened; and the germination rate of the seeds is improved to about 85 percent from less than 50 percent in a direct seeding mode, so that the germination rate of the seeds is greatly improved.
2. The invention adopts soil, coconut chaff and slow-release organic fertilizer as materials to prepare the matrix, provides good humidity and sufficient fertilizer for the growth of the seedlings and is beneficial to the growth of the seedlings.
3. The invention defines the planting depth, the fertilization types, the times, the pruning technology and the like when the seed buds are planted, and can promote the rapid growth of the seedlings and cultivate strong seedlings.
4. The technology of the invention is scientific and reasonable, has strong practicability and convenient operation, can quickly and efficiently cultivate a large amount of high-quality beautiful millettia root seedlings, and is beneficial to large-scale and standardized production of the seedlings.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, the advantages and features of which will become clearer from the following description, but the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1:
an efficient breeding method for beautiful millettia root seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting fully mature pods, drying, picking out cracked pods and shelled seeds in time, picking out the pods which are not cracked, slightly clamping the pods by using a pliers, and taking out the seeds;
(2) selecting full and mature seeds without mechanical damage or plant diseases and insect pests;
(3) soaking fresh seeds in warm water at 40 deg.C for 3 hr;
(4) taking a tray with a proper size, and cleaning the tray with clean water; boiling gauze pieces with the same specification as the tray in boiled water for 3min, taking out, and cooling; 2 layers of wet gauze are paved at the bottom of the tray, beautiful millettia root seeds are evenly paved on the gauze in a single layer, the whole tray is fully paved, and the seeds are covered by the 2 layers of wet gauze at the upper part;
(5) placing the tray with the spread seeds in an incubator or an artificial climate box, wherein the culture conditions are as follows: the temperature is 33 ℃, and the humidity is 70%;
(6) washing the upper and lower layers of gauze with clean water every day, washing the cultured seeds once every 2 days, picking out rotten seeds, washing the intact seeds with clean water for 2 times until the surfaces of the seeds are free from sticky and slippery feeling, continuously culturing according to the steps (4) and (5), and collecting germinated seeds;
(7) drying the crushed coconut coir under strong light, uniformly mixing the crushed coconut coir with the crushed cultivated soil according to the volume ratio of 1:1, adding 100kg of national standard organic fertilizer into each cubic mixture, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare a seedling culture substrate; putting the seedling culture substrate into a seedling culture container with the height of 8cm and the diameter of 12cm, and neatly placing the seedling culture container in a nursery;
(8) drilling a small hole with the depth of 1cm on the seedling culture substrate, placing seeds in the hole with the buds facing downwards, covering the substrate on the upper part, and watering thoroughly, wherein the thickness of the substrate is 2 cm;
(9) erecting a plastic small arched shed with the height of 50cm on the surface of the ridge, and compacting the periphery of the plastic small arched shed; when the maximum environmental temperature is less than or equal to 20 ℃, placing the sowed seedling raising container in a small plastic arched shed, and when the maximum environmental temperature is more than 25 ℃, removing the small plastic arched shed; the humidity is controlled to be 70% in the whole seedling raising process;
(10) spraying 0.3% compound fertilizer water solution every 8 days when the height of the seedling is 8cm, and spraying for 3 times; when the height of the seedling is 25cm, pruning the main stem to be 8cm, pruning the lateral branches, and pruning for 3 times in the seedling stage; and cultivating for 6 months to obtain the nursery.
Example 2:
an efficient breeding method for beautiful millettia root seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting fully mature pods, drying, picking out cracked pods and shelled seeds in time, picking out the pods which are not cracked, slightly clamping the pods by using a pliers, and taking out the seeds;
(2) selecting full and mature seeds without mechanical damage or plant diseases and insect pests;
(3) soaking fresh seeds in warm water at 45 ℃ for 4 hours;
(4) taking a tray with a proper size, and cleaning the tray with clean water; boiling gauze pieces with the same specification as the tray in boiled water for 5min, taking out, and cooling; spreading 4 layers of wet gauze on the bottom of the tray, uniformly and flatly spreading the beautiful millettia root seeds on the gauze in a single layer manner, fully spreading the whole tray, and covering the seeds on the upper part by using 4 layers of wet gauze;
(5) placing the tray with the spread seeds in an incubator or an artificial climate box, wherein the culture conditions are as follows: the temperature is 40 ℃, and the humidity is 85%;
(6) washing the upper and lower layers of gauze with clean water every day, washing the cultured seeds once every 3 days, picking out rotten seeds, washing intact seeds with clean water for 3 times until the surfaces of the seeds are free from sticky and slippery feeling, continuously culturing according to the steps (4) and (5), and collecting germinated seeds;
(7) drying the crushed coconut coir under strong light, uniformly mixing the crushed coconut coir with the crushed cultivated soil according to the volume ratio of 1:2, adding 80kg of national standard organic fertilizer into each cubic mixture, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare a seedling culture substrate; putting the seedling culture substrate into a seedling culture container with the height of 10cm and the diameter of 15cm, and neatly placing the seedling culture container in a nursery;
(8) drilling a small hole with the depth of 2cm on the seedling culture substrate, placing seeds in the hole with the buds facing downwards, covering the substrate on the upper part, and watering thoroughly, wherein the thickness of the substrate is 1 cm;
(9) erecting a plastic small arched shed with the height of 50cm on the surface of the ridge, and compacting the periphery of the plastic small arched shed; when the maximum environmental temperature is less than or equal to 20 ℃, placing the sowed seedling raising container in a small plastic arched shed, and when the maximum environmental temperature is more than 25 ℃, removing the small plastic arched shed; the humidity is controlled to be 80% in the whole seedling raising process;
(10) spraying 0.1% compound fertilizer water solution every 12 days when the height of the seedlings is 11 cm; when the height of the seedling is 35cm, pruning the main stem to be 12cm high, pruning the lateral branches, and pruning for 2 times in the seedling stage; and cultivating for 6 months to obtain the nursery.
Example 3:
an efficient breeding method for beautiful millettia root seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting fully mature pods, drying, picking out cracked pods and shelled seeds in time, picking out the pods which are not cracked, slightly clamping the pods by using a pliers, and taking out the seeds;
(2) selecting full and mature seeds without mechanical damage or plant diseases and insect pests;
(3) soaking fresh seeds in warm water at 42 deg.C for 3.5 hr;
(4) taking a tray with a proper size, and cleaning the tray with clean water; boiling gauze pieces with the same specification as the tray in boiled water for 5min, taking out, and cooling; 3 layers of wet gauze are paved at the bottom of the tray, beautiful millettia root seeds are evenly paved on the gauze in a single layer, the whole tray is fully paved, and the seeds are covered by 3 layers of wet gauze at the upper part;
(5) placing the tray with the spread seeds in an incubator or an artificial climate box, wherein the culture conditions are as follows: the temperature is 35 ℃ and the humidity is 80 percent;
(6) washing the upper and lower layers of gauze with clean water every day, washing the cultured seeds once every 3 days, picking out rotten seeds, washing intact seeds with clean water for 3 times until the surfaces of the seeds are free from sticky and slippery feeling, continuously culturing according to the steps (4) and (5), and collecting germinated seeds;
(7) drying the crushed coconut chaff in the sun under strong light, uniformly mixing the crushed coconut chaff with the crushed cultivated soil according to the volume ratio of 1:2, adding 90kg of national standard organic fertilizer into each cubic mixture, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare a seedling culture substrate; putting the seedling culture substrate into a seedling culture container with the height of 8cm and the diameter of 15cm, and neatly placing the seedling culture container in a nursery;
(8) drilling a small hole with the depth of 2cm on the seedling culture substrate, placing seeds in the hole with the buds facing downwards, covering the substrate on the upper part, and watering thoroughly, wherein the thickness of the substrate is 1 cm;
(9) erecting a plastic small arched shed with the height of 50cm on the surface of the ridge, and compacting the periphery of the plastic small arched shed; when the maximum environmental temperature is less than or equal to 20 ℃, placing the sowed seedling raising container in a small plastic arched shed, and when the maximum environmental temperature is more than 25 ℃, removing the small plastic arched shed; the humidity is controlled to be 75% in the whole seedling raising process;
(10) spraying 0.5% compound fertilizer water solution every 8 days when the height of the seedlings is 11 cm; when the height of the seedling is 35cm, pruning the main stem to be 10cm high, pruning the lateral branches, and pruning for 2 times in the seedling stage; and cultivating for 6 months to obtain the nursery.
Example 4:
an efficient breeding method for beautiful millettia root seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting fully mature pods, drying, picking out cracked pods and shelled seeds in time, picking out the pods which are not cracked, slightly clamping the pods by using a pliers, and taking out the seeds;
(2) selecting full and mature seeds without mechanical damage or plant diseases and insect pests;
(3) placing fresh seeds in a cool and ventilated place, drying in the shade, filling with a nylon mesh bag, and storing in an environment with the temperature of 2 ℃ and the humidity of 50%, wherein the storage time is not more than 3 months; then soaking the dried seeds until the seeds are fully swelled, and removing floating seeds and other impurities;
(4) taking a tray with a proper size, and cleaning the tray with clean water; boiling gauze pieces with the same specification as the tray in boiled water for 5min, taking out, and cooling; 2 layers of wet gauze are paved at the bottom of the tray, beautiful millettia root seeds are evenly paved on the gauze in a single layer, the whole tray is fully paved, and the seeds are covered by the 2 layers of wet gauze at the upper part;
(5) placing the tray with the spread seeds in an incubator or an artificial climate box, wherein the culture conditions are as follows: the temperature is 37 ℃ and the humidity is 85 percent;
(6) washing the upper and lower layers of gauze with clean water every day, washing the cultured seeds once every 3 days, picking out rotten seeds, washing intact seeds with clean water for 3 times until the surfaces of the seeds are free from sticky and slippery feeling, continuously culturing according to the steps (4) and (5), and collecting germinated seeds;
(7) drying the crushed coconut coir under strong light, uniformly mixing the crushed coconut coir with the crushed cultivated soil according to the volume ratio of 1:1, adding 100kg of national standard organic fertilizer into each cubic mixture, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare a seedling culture substrate; putting the seedling culture substrate into a seedling culture container with the height of 10cm and the diameter of 15cm, and neatly placing the seedling culture container in a nursery;
(8) drilling a small hole with the depth of 1cm on the seedling culture substrate, placing seeds in the hole with the buds facing downwards, covering the substrate on the upper part, and watering thoroughly, wherein the thickness of the substrate is 1 cm;
(9) erecting a plastic small arched shed with the height of 50cm on the surface of the ridge, and compacting the periphery of the plastic small arched shed; when the maximum environmental temperature is less than or equal to 20 ℃, placing the sowed seedling raising container in a small plastic arched shed, and when the maximum environmental temperature is more than 25 ℃, removing the small plastic arched shed; the humidity is controlled to be 80% in the whole seedling raising process;
(10) spraying 0.5% compound fertilizer water solution every 12 days when the height of the seedlings is 11 cm; when the height of the seedling is 30cm, pruning the main stem to be 12cm high, pruning the lateral branches, and pruning for 3 times in the seedling stage; and cultivating for 6 months to obtain the nursery.
Example 5:
an efficient breeding method for beautiful millettia root seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting fully mature pods, drying, picking out cracked pods and shelled seeds in time, picking out the pods which are not cracked, slightly clamping the pods by using a pliers, and taking out the seeds;
(2) selecting full and mature seeds without mechanical damage or plant diseases and insect pests;
(3) placing fresh seeds in a cool and ventilated place, drying in the shade, filling with a nylon mesh bag, and storing in an environment with the temperature of 8 ℃ and the humidity of 70% for no more than 3 months; then soaking the dried seeds until the seeds are fully swelled, and removing floating seeds and other impurities;
(4) taking a tray with a proper size, and cleaning the tray with clean water; boiling gauze pieces with the same specification as the tray in boiled water for 5min, taking out, and cooling; 2 layers of wet gauze are paved at the bottom of the tray, beautiful millettia root seeds are evenly paved on the gauze in a single layer, the whole tray is fully paved, and the seeds are covered by the 2 layers of wet gauze at the upper part;
(5) placing the tray with the spread seeds in an incubator or an artificial climate box, wherein the culture conditions are as follows: the temperature is 37 ℃ and the humidity is 85 percent;
(6) washing the upper and lower layers of gauze with clean water every day, washing the cultured seeds once every 3 days, picking out rotten seeds, washing intact seeds with clean water for 3 times until the surfaces of the seeds are free from sticky and slippery feeling, continuously culturing according to the steps (4) and (5), and collecting germinated seeds;
(7) drying the crushed coconut coir under strong light, uniformly mixing the crushed coconut coir with the crushed cultivated soil according to the volume ratio of 1:1, adding 100kg of national standard organic fertilizer into each cubic mixture, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare a seedling culture substrate; putting the seedling culture substrate into a seedling culture container with the height of 10cm and the diameter of 15cm, and neatly placing the seedling culture container in a nursery;
(8) drilling a small hole with the depth of 2cm on the seedling culture substrate, placing seeds in the hole with the buds facing downwards, covering the substrate on the upper part, wherein the thickness is not more than 2cm, and thoroughly watering;
(9) erecting a plastic small arched shed with the height of 50cm on the surface of the ridge, and compacting the periphery of the plastic small arched shed; when the maximum environmental temperature is less than or equal to 20 ℃, placing the sowed seedling raising container in a small plastic arched shed, and when the maximum environmental temperature is more than 25 ℃, removing the small plastic arched shed; the humidity is controlled to be 80% in the whole seedling raising process;
(10) spraying 0.1% compound fertilizer water solution every 12 days when the height of the seedlings is 11 cm; when the height of the seedling is 35cm, pruning the main stem to be 12cm high, pruning the lateral branches, and pruning for 3 times in the seedling stage; and cultivating for 6 months to obtain the nursery.
Comparative example 1:
an efficient breeding method for beautiful millettia root seedlings comprises the following steps:
the steps (1), (2), (4), (6), (7), (8) and (10) are the same as in example 1.
And (3): soaking fresh seeds in warm water at 35 deg.C for 2 hr;
and (5): placing the tray with the spread seeds in an incubator or an artificial climate box, wherein the culture conditions are as follows: the temperature is 30 ℃, and the humidity is 65%;
and (9): erecting a plastic small arched shed with the height of 50cm on the surface of the ridge, and compacting the periphery of the plastic small arched shed; when the maximum environmental temperature is less than or equal to 15 ℃, placing the sowed seedling raising container in a small plastic arched shed, and when the maximum environmental temperature is more than 20 ℃, removing the small plastic arched shed; the humidity is controlled to be 65% in the whole seedling raising process.
Comparative example 2:
an efficient breeding method for beautiful millettia root seedlings comprises the following steps:
the steps (1), (2), (4), (6), (7), (8) and (10) are the same as in example 1.
And (3): soaking fresh seeds in warm water at 50 deg.C for 5 hr;
and (5): placing the tray with the spread seeds in an incubator or an artificial climate box, wherein the culture conditions are as follows: the temperature is 45 ℃ and the humidity is 90 percent;
and (9): erecting a plastic small arched shed with the height of 50cm on the surface of the ridge, and compacting the periphery of the plastic small arched shed; when the maximum environmental temperature is less than or equal to 27 ℃, placing the sowed seedling raising container in a small plastic arched shed, and when the maximum environmental temperature is more than 32 ℃, removing the small plastic arched shed; the humidity is controlled at 90% in the whole seedling raising process.
Comparative example 3:
an efficient breeding method for beautiful millettia root seedlings comprises the following steps:
the same as example 1, except that the operation of step (3) was not performed, and the ground coconut coir was not added to the seedling substrate of step (7).
Comparative example 4:
an efficient breeding method of beautiful millettia root seedlings adopts a direct seeding mode for cultivation.
Experimental example:
according to the experimental methods of the examples and the comparative examples, 200 seeds were respectively cultivated, and the germination rate, germination time and emergence time of the seeds were recorded, and the experimental results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The experimental results in table 1 show that the beautiful millettia root seeds can germinate within 5-7 days by adopting the method, the germination rate can reach 85%, the seedling emergence time is 17-23 days, the seed germination and seedling emergence time is greatly shortened, and the seed germination rate is improved.
Comparative example 1 seed soaking temperature and germination accelerating temperature and humidity are slightly lower than the scheme of the invention, and the placing time of the small arched shed is not reasonably adjusted according to environmental changes, so that the metabolic activity of seeds is weakened, the germination time and the emergence time are later, and the emergence rate and the survival rate are lower.
Comparative example 2 seed soaking temperature and germination accelerating temperature and humidity are slightly higher than the scheme of the invention, and the placing time of the small arched shed is not reasonably adjusted according to environmental changes, so that the mildew phenomenon occurs in the cultivation process, the emergence rate and the survival rate are influenced, and the high temperature and high humidity control requires large energy consumption.
Reasonable seed soaking before germination can accelerate the metabolic process, accelerate the softening of seed coats to promote germination and shorten the time of seedling emergence; the crushed coconut coir has good water-retaining property, air permeability and other properties, can prevent the root system of the plant from being corroded, and promotes the growth of the root system of the plant; comparative example 3 seed soaking was not performed, crushed coconut coir was not added to the seedling substrate, the germination time was 11-13 days, the emergence time was 30-40 days, and the germination rate, emergence rate and survival rate were also significantly lower.
Comparative example 4 adopts a traditional direct seeding mode, the germination time is about 30 days, the emergence time is about 60 days, and the germination rate, the emergence rate and the survival rate are also obviously lower.
In conclusion, the technology of the invention is scientific and reasonable, has strong practicability and convenient operation, and can be used for quickly and efficiently cultivating a large number of high-quality beautiful millettia root seedlings, thereby being beneficial to large-scale and standardized production of the seedlings.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. An efficient breeding method for beautiful millettia root seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) collecting mature beautiful millettia root seeds;
(2) soaking fresh seeds in 40-45 deg.C warm water for 3-4 hr, or soaking dry seeds in 40-45 deg.C warm water to swell sufficiently;
(3) taking a tray with a proper size, and cleaning the tray with clean water; boiling gauze pieces with the same specification as the tray in boiled water, taking out and cooling; paving wet gauze at the bottom of the tray, uniformly and flatly paving the beautiful millettia root seeds on the gauze in a single layer, fully paving the whole tray, and covering the seeds on the upper part by the wet gauze;
(4) placing the tray with the spread seeds in an incubator or an artificial climate box, wherein the culture conditions are as follows: the temperature is 33-40 ℃, and the humidity is 70-85%;
(5) washing the upper and lower layers of gauze with clear water every day, washing the cultured seeds once every 2-3 days, picking out rotten seeds, washing the intact seeds with clean water for 2-3 times until the surfaces of the seeds are free from sticky and slippery feeling, continuously culturing according to the steps (3) and (4), and collecting germinated seeds;
(6) drying the crushed coconut chaff in the sun under strong light, uniformly mixing the crushed coconut chaff with the crushed cultivated soil according to the volume ratio of 1:1-2, adding 80-100kg of national standard organic fertilizer into each cubic mixture, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare a seedling culture substrate; putting the seedling culture substrate into a seedling culture container with the height of 8-10cm and the diameter of 12-15cm, and neatly placing the seedling culture container in a nursery;
(7) drilling a small hole with the depth of 1-2cm on the seedling culture substrate, placing the seeds in the hole with the buds facing downwards, covering the substrate on the upper part, and watering thoroughly, wherein the thickness of the substrate is 1-2 cm;
(8) when the maximum environmental temperature is less than or equal to 20 ℃, placing the sowed seedling raising container in a small plastic arched shed, and when the maximum environmental temperature is more than 25 ℃, removing the small plastic arched shed; the humidity is controlled to be 70-80% in the whole seedling raising process;
(9) spraying 0.1-0.5% compound fertilizer water solution every 8-12 days when the height of the seedling is 8-11cm, and spraying for 3-4 times; when the height of the seedling is 25-35cm, pruning the main stem to 8-12cm, and pruning the lateral branches, wherein the pruning is carried out for 2-3 times in the seedling stage; and cultivating for 6 months to obtain the nursery.
2. The method for efficiently propagating millettia speciosa champ seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the dried seeds in the step (2) are obtained by the following method: drying fresh seeds in the shade in a ventilated place, filling the seeds in a nylon mesh bag, and storing the seeds in an environment with the temperature of 2-8 ℃ and the humidity of 50-70 percent for less than 3 months.
3. The method for efficiently propagating millettia speciosa champ seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the step (3) is as follows: the gauze is boiled in boiled water for 3-5min, the gauze spread on the bottom of the tray is 2-4 layers, and the wet gauze covering the seeds is 2-4 layers.
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| CN201711106547.XA CN107736210B (en) | 2017-11-10 | 2017-11-10 | High-efficiency breeding method for beautiful millettia root seedlings |
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