CN105325241A - Method for planting high-quality prunus davidiana rootstock seedlings - Google Patents
Method for planting high-quality prunus davidiana rootstock seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN105325241A CN105325241A CN201510722382.3A CN201510722382A CN105325241A CN 105325241 A CN105325241 A CN 105325241A CN 201510722382 A CN201510722382 A CN 201510722382A CN 105325241 A CN105325241 A CN 105325241A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting high-quality prunus davidiana rootstock seedlings. The method comprises the following steps of (1) seed collection; (2) sand storage treatment; (3) pre-sowing treatment; (4) seed sowing; (5) management after sowing. According to the method for planting the high-quality prunus davidiana rootstock seedlings, disclosed by the invention, seeds which are good in development and have plump grains can be firstly picked out, so that the quality of the seedlings is ensured; the vigor, the germination rate and the stress resisting performance of the seeds are increased through a combined action of the sand storage treatment, hot water soaking and mixed conditioning fluid before sowing; meanwhile, the smooth germination of the seeds is further ensured through the matching of a reasonable hole sowing way, the seeds are selected to be sown in March of Spring, the grafting standard of high-quality nursery stocks can be achieved in July of the current year, and the propagation period is short; the nursery stocks which are cultivated by adopting the method have the characteristics of good growth vigor, high survival rate and orderliness; the method is simple and normative, and the method is suitable for large-scale planting.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of planting, be specifically related to a kind of implantation methods of high-quality mountain peach rootstock seedling.
Background technology
Mountain peach belongs to rose family peach and belongs to dungarunga.Another name " mountain wild peach ", " wild peach ".Natural mountain peach is born in border Yangshan more, cheuch, and Shi Yan also can grow.Mountain peach has good drought resisting, cold tolerance, and the propagation by grafiting of current most peach, apricot all selects mountain peach as stock, and market increases year by year to the demand of mountain peach rootstock seedling.And most plantation family is when cultivating mountain peach rootstock seedling, control comparatively rough to conditions such as the selection process of seed, seeding method and seeding quantitys, without comparatively unified careful standard, cause planting effect not reach desirable, the Fast-propagation of breeding mountain peach rootstock seedling cannot be realized.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a kind of implantation methods of high-quality mountain peach rootstock seedling, provide reasonable manner and index for producing, having the advantages that nursery speed is fast, cost is low, quality is high.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
An implantation methods for high-quality mountain peach rootstock seedling, comprises the steps:
(1) seed collection: mid-August, chooses the fruit that morphological maturity lands naturally in orchard, stacked together, after pulp deliquescing, internal seeds is taken out, and rinses well with clear water, be put in shady and cool ventilation place and dry for subsequent use;
(2) Sand culture: mid-November, takes out the seed made, and puts into water and soaks 24 ~ 36h, after seed fully absorbs water, taking-up is put in shady and cool ventilation place and dries, then with sterilization after river sand puddle evenly with mass ratio 1:5 ~ 8, be finally stacked in lamination container;
(3) presowing treatment: mid-March next year, seed after Sand culture is taken out, be placed in pond, water filling is covered, with the slow stirring pool water of waddy, depauperation floating on the removing water surface, not full seed, then residue seed is put in immersion 2 ~ 3min in hot water, the last mixed treating liquid that is placed in again soaks after 2 ~ 3 days, and taking-up is put in shady and cool ventilation place and dries for subsequent use;
(4) planting seed: next year the beginning of April, nursery is applied to become thoroughly decomposed farmers''s excrement with the amount of every mu of 800 ~ 1000kg, ridging is flattened again after ploughing deeply, in Mian Shangkai cave, ridge, dark 4 ~ the 6cm in cave, cave are apart from 10 ~ 15cm, sowed with the amount in 2 ~ 3, every cave by the seed handled well, covering a layer thickness in face, ridge after finishing is the sandy loam that 1 ~ 1.5cm is thick, finally covers one deck straw more again;
(5) rear management is broadcast: to before emerging after planting seed, in the mode of Artificial Fog, Shi Shui operation is carried out to nursery according to soil moisture in good time, ensure that soil moisture is 45 ~ 55%, when seed has 1/3 to sprout, remove the straw of half, when seed has 2/3 to sprout, remove remaining straw, after seedling all sprouts, a rich water is applied every two weeks, when seedling grows 2 ~ 4 true leaves, carry out point cave to seedling to transplant, every square metre is stayed seedling 100 ~ 120 strain, and carry out weeding, the extermination of disease and insect pest works, grafting operation can be carried out when seedling root diameter (RD) grows to 1 ~ 1.5cm.
Further, the described fruit of step (1) is stacked and is highly no more than 25cm.
Further, step (2) described river sand sterilization method tans by the sun one week under being laid in strong sun.
Further, step (3) described hot water temperature is 70 ~ 75 DEG C.
Further, step (3) described mixed treating liquid is made up of the material of following weight portion: 800 ~ 1000 parts of water, 5 ~ 8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2 ~ 4 parts of sodium carbonate, 3 ~ 5 parts of potassium bromide.
Further, step (4) described row spacing is 40 ~ 60cm, and row spacing is 20 ~ 30cm.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: first the present invention picks out and grow seed that is excellent, full grains, ensure that the quality of seedling, through the acting in conjunction of Sand culture, hot-water soak and mixed treating liquid before broadcasting, improve the vigor of seed, germination rate and anti-adversity, coordinate rational bunch planting seeding method simultaneously, further ensure the smooth sprouting of seed, select the sowing of March in spring, can reach the grafting standard of high quality seedling then July, breeding cycle is short.This method institute nursery wood has the advantages that growing way is good, survival rate is high, nursery stock is neat, and method simple specification, is applicable to implant mass.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
An implantation methods for high-quality mountain peach rootstock seedling, comprises the steps:
(1) seed collection: mid-August, chooses the fruit that morphological maturity lands naturally in orchard, stacked together, after pulp deliquescing, internal seeds is taken out, and rinses well with clear water, be put in shady and cool ventilation place and dry for subsequent use;
(2) Sand culture: mid-November, takes out the seed that makes, puts into water and soak 28h, after seed fully absorbs water, takes out and is put in shady and cool ventilation place and dries, then with sterilization after river sand puddle evenly with mass ratio 1:8, be finally stacked in lamination container;
(3) presowing treatment: mid-March next year, seed after Sand culture is taken out, be placed in pond, water filling is covered, with the slow stirring pool water of waddy, floating depauperation on the removing water surface, not full seed, then residue seed is put in hot water soaks 2min, the last mixed treating liquid that is placed in again soaks after 2 days, and taking-up is put in shady and cool ventilation place and dries for subsequent use;
(4) planting seed: next year the beginning of April, nursery is applied to become thoroughly decomposed farmers''s excrement with the amount of every mu of 880kg, ridging is flattened again after ploughing deeply, in Mian Shangkai cave, ridge, dark 5 ~ the 6cm in cave, cave are apart from 10 ~ 12cm, sowed with the amount in 3, every cave by the seed handled well, covering a layer thickness in face, ridge after finishing is the sandy loam that 1 ~ 1.5cm is thick, finally covers one deck straw more again;
(5) rear management is broadcast: to before emerging after planting seed, in the mode of Artificial Fog, Shi Shui operation is carried out to nursery according to soil moisture in good time, ensure that soil moisture is 45 ~ 55%, when seed has 1/3 to sprout, remove the straw of half, when seed has 2/3 to sprout, remove remaining straw, after seedling all sprouts, a rich water is applied every two weeks, when seedling grows 2 ~ 4 true leaves, carry out point cave to seedling to transplant, every square metre is stayed seedling 120 strain, and carry out weeding, the extermination of disease and insect pest works, grafting operation can be carried out when seedling root diameter (RD) grows to 1 ~ 1.5cm.
Further, the described fruit of step (1) is stacked and is highly no more than 25cm.
Further, step (2) described river sand sterilization method tans by the sun one week under being laid in strong sun.
Further, step (3) described hot water temperature is 70 ~ 75 DEG C.
Further, step (3) described mixed treating liquid is made up of the material of following weight portion: 1000 parts of water, 8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3 parts of sodium carbonate, 5 parts of potassium bromide.
Further, step (4) described row spacing is 45 ~ 50cm, and row spacing is 25 ~ 30cm.
In order to contrast effect of the present invention, will be divided into two parts with a collection of mountain peach seed, and planting for one group in mode described in embodiment 1, another group is same in plantation mid-March as a control group 1 in normal way, and following table is correction data:
| Embodiment 1 | Control group 1 | |
| Seed germination rate (%) | 98.7 | 82.6 |
| Seedling percent (%) | 95.4 | 78.5 |
| Mid-July can grafting rate (%) | 90.2 | 68.4 |
| Nursery stock growing way | Growing way is vigorous, and seedling is neat and strengthen | Growing way is general, and nursery stock level is uneven |
Note: this table is described grafting rate can refer to that reach can the seedling of grafting standard and the ratio of total nursery stock.
Embodiment 2
An implantation methods for high-quality mountain peach rootstock seedling, comprises the steps:
(1) seed collection: mid-August, chooses the fruit that morphological maturity lands naturally in orchard, stacked together, after pulp deliquescing, internal seeds is taken out, and rinses well with clear water, be put in shady and cool ventilation place and dry for subsequent use;
(2) Sand culture: mid-November, takes out the seed that makes, puts into water and soak 36h, after seed fully absorbs water, takes out and is put in shady and cool ventilation place and dries, then with sterilization after river sand puddle evenly with mass ratio 1:6, be finally stacked in lamination container;
(3) presowing treatment: mid-March next year, seed after Sand culture is taken out, be placed in pond, water filling is covered, with the slow stirring pool water of waddy, floating depauperation on the removing water surface, not full seed, then residue seed is put in hot water soaks 2min, the last mixed treating liquid that is placed in again soaks after 3 days, and taking-up is put in shady and cool ventilation place and dries for subsequent use;
(4) planting seed: next year the beginning of April, nursery is applied to become thoroughly decomposed farmers''s excrement with the amount of every mu of 1000kg, ridging is flattened again after ploughing deeply, in Mian Shangkai cave, ridge, dark 4 ~ the 5cm in cave, cave are apart from 12 ~ 15cm, sowed with the amount in 2, every cave by the seed handled well, covering a layer thickness in face, ridge after finishing is the sandy loam that 1 ~ 1.2cm is thick, finally covers one deck straw more again;
(5) rear management is broadcast: to before emerging after planting seed, in the mode of Artificial Fog, Shi Shui operation is carried out to nursery according to soil moisture in good time, ensure that soil moisture is 45 ~ 55%, when seed has 1/3 to sprout, remove the straw of half, when seed has 2/3 to sprout, remove remaining straw, after seedling all sprouts, a rich water is applied every two weeks, when seedling grows 2 ~ 4 true leaves, carry out point cave to seedling to transplant, every square metre is stayed seedling 110 strain, and carry out weeding, the extermination of disease and insect pest works, grafting operation can be carried out when seedling root diameter (RD) grows to 1 ~ 1.5cm.
Further, the described fruit of step (1) is stacked and is highly no more than 25cm.
Further, step (2) described river sand sterilization method tans by the sun one week under being laid in strong sun.
Further, step (3) described hot water temperature is 70 ~ 75 DEG C.
Further, step (3) described mixed treating liquid is made up of the material of following weight portion: 900 parts of water, 7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 4 parts of sodium carbonate, 5 parts of potassium bromide.
Further, step (4) described row spacing is 50 ~ 55cm, and row spacing is 25 ~ 30cm.
Comparative example 2
When presowing treatment step, only carry out conventional seed soaking operation with warm water to seed, all the other methods are identical with embodiment 2, and after planting the seed of same batch, following table is correction data:
| Embodiment 2 | Comparative example 2 | |
| Seed germination rate (%) | 98.5 | 91.3 |
| Seedling percent (%) | 95.1 | 89.6 |
| Mid-July can grafting rate (%) | 91.3 | 85.4 |
Note: this table is described grafting rate can refer to that reach can the seedling of grafting standard and the ratio of total nursery stock.
Claims (6)
1. an implantation methods for high-quality mountain peach rootstock seedling, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) seed collection: mid-August, chooses the fruit that morphological maturity lands naturally in orchard, stacked together, after pulp deliquescing, internal seeds is taken out, and rinses well with clear water, be put in shady and cool ventilation place and dry for subsequent use;
(2) Sand culture: mid-November, takes out the seed made, and puts into water and soaks 24 ~ 36h, after seed fully absorbs water, taking-up is put in shady and cool ventilation place and dries, then with sterilization after river sand puddle evenly with mass ratio 1:5 ~ 8, be finally stacked in lamination container;
(3) presowing treatment: mid-March next year, seed after Sand culture is taken out, be placed in pond, water filling is covered, with the slow stirring pool water of waddy, depauperation floating on the removing water surface, not full seed, then residue seed is put in immersion 2 ~ 3min in hot water, the last mixed treating liquid that is placed in again soaks after 2 ~ 3 days, and taking-up is put in shady and cool ventilation place and dries for subsequent use;
(4) planting seed: next year the beginning of April, nursery is applied to become thoroughly decomposed farmers''s excrement with the amount of every mu of 800 ~ 1000kg, ridging is flattened again after ploughing deeply, in Mian Shangkai cave, ridge, dark 4 ~ the 6cm in cave, cave are apart from 10 ~ 15cm, sowed with the amount in 2 ~ 3, every cave by the seed handled well, covering a layer thickness in face, ridge after finishing is the sandy loam that 1 ~ 1.5cm is thick, finally covers one deck straw more again;
(5) rear management is broadcast: to before emerging after planting seed, in the mode of Artificial Fog, Shi Shui operation is carried out to nursery according to soil moisture in good time, ensure that soil moisture is 45 ~ 55%, when seed has 1/3 to sprout, remove the straw of half, when seed has 2/3 to sprout, remove remaining straw, after seedling all sprouts, a rich water is applied every two weeks, when seedling grows 2 ~ 4 true leaves, carry out point cave to seedling to transplant, every square metre is stayed seedling 100 ~ 120 strain, and carry out weeding, the extermination of disease and insect pest works, grafting operation can be carried out when seedling root diameter (RD) grows to 1 ~ 1.5cm.
2. the implantation methods of a kind of high-quality mountain peach rootstock seedling according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described fruit of step (1) is stacked and is highly no more than 25cm.
3. the implantation methods of a kind of high-quality mountain peach rootstock seedling according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step (2) described river sand sterilization method tans by the sun one week under being laid in strong sun.
4. the implantation methods of a kind of high-quality mountain peach rootstock seedling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (3) described hot water temperature is 70 ~ 75 DEG C.
5. the implantation methods of a kind of high-quality mountain peach rootstock seedling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (3) described mixed treating liquid is made up of the material of following weight portion: 800 ~ 1000 parts of water, 5 ~ 8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2 ~ 4 parts of sodium carbonate, 3 ~ 5 parts of potassium bromide.
6. the implantation methods of a kind of high-quality mountain peach rootstock seedling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (4) described row spacing is 40 ~ 60cm, and row spacing is 20 ~ 30cm.
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| CN201510722382.3A CN105325241A (en) | 2015-10-31 | 2015-10-31 | Method for planting high-quality prunus davidiana rootstock seedlings |
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| CN201510722382.3A CN105325241A (en) | 2015-10-31 | 2015-10-31 | Method for planting high-quality prunus davidiana rootstock seedlings |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106386188A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-02-15 | 天津农学院 | Breeding application taking wild peaches as green crabapple tree grafting stocks in Northern China |
| CN107711253A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-02-23 | 李军慧 | A kind of method that crop field mountain peach shifts to an earlier date half a year seeding and seedling raising |
| CN109287354A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-02-01 | 山东省果树研究所 | Fruit tree stock Cultivating techniques in a kind of agricultural production |
| CN112042458A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-08 | 承德碧和源山桃有限公司 | Wild peach planting device and method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101019492A (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2007-08-22 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Hetero stock grafting process for pecan |
| CN104705144A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-06-17 | 陈争峰 | Method for cultivating walnut stocks at North China |
-
2015
- 2015-10-31 CN CN201510722382.3A patent/CN105325241A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101019492A (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2007-08-22 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Hetero stock grafting process for pecan |
| CN104705144A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-06-17 | 陈争峰 | Method for cultivating walnut stocks at North China |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 李卫琼: "《园艺植物栽培技术》", 31 December 2013, 重庆大学出版社 * |
| 马庆州，王俊: "《桃新品种及栽培新技术》", 30 April 2010, 中原农民出版社 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106386188A (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2017-02-15 | 天津农学院 | Breeding application taking wild peaches as green crabapple tree grafting stocks in Northern China |
| CN107711253A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-02-23 | 李军慧 | A kind of method that crop field mountain peach shifts to an earlier date half a year seeding and seedling raising |
| CN109287354A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-02-01 | 山东省果树研究所 | Fruit tree stock Cultivating techniques in a kind of agricultural production |
| CN112042458A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-08 | 承德碧和源山桃有限公司 | Wild peach planting device and method |
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