CN105918026B - The anti-natural enemy green three dimensional-planting-breeding method of rice shrimp symbiosis - Google Patents

The anti-natural enemy green three dimensional-planting-breeding method of rice shrimp symbiosis Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105918026B
CN105918026B CN201610237284.5A CN201610237284A CN105918026B CN 105918026 B CN105918026 B CN 105918026B CN 201610237284 A CN201610237284 A CN 201610237284A CN 105918026 B CN105918026 B CN 105918026B
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rice
water
groove
field
functional areas
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CN105918026A (en
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方燚
陈再高
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Anqing Yiyun Agricultural Development Co ltd
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Anqing Yiyun Agriculture Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20Cereals
    • A01G22/22Rice
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of anti-natural enemy green three dimensional-planting-breeding methods of rice shrimp symbiosis, comprising the following steps: A, whole field: excavating the groove to interpenetrate around rice field, is laid with limitting casing in groove, the limitting casing is separated into multiple and different functional areas;B, it is filled the water into groove, and plants a variety of aquatic crops respectively in functional areas;C, rice seedling is sowed to rice field;D, first season shrimp seedling is launched;E, the field management stage: its groundwork is to launch cray bait and water surface management, completes the first season in due course and launches at shrimp fishing and second season shrimp seedling;F, rice harvesting, the second season catch at shrimp.Rice, shrimp, aquatic crops symbiosis can be achieved in the present invention, simulates primitive environment;And green stereoscopic protective net can be built, take precautions against cray natural enemy;The applications of pesticide can be reduced by biological means prevention and control rice grub, aquatic ornamental crops, aquatic industrial crops can be planted simultaneously, realize increasing both production and income.

Description

The anti-natural enemy green three dimensional-planting-breeding method of rice shrimp symbiosis
Technical field
The present invention relates to crays to cultivate field, and in particular to a kind of anti-natural enemy increasing bait green three dimensional-planting-breeding of rice shrimp symbiosis Method.
Background technique
Cray is subordinate to section branch animal door, Crustachia, former Astacus, and scientific name Procambius clarkii, meat flavour is delicious, nutrition is rich Richness is loved by consumers, and cray feeding habits are more miscellaneous, environmental suitability is strong, is the ideal kind of raiser's increasing both production and income.
In the prior art, cray is generally put in a suitable place to breed by sharrow pool, and bait injected volume is big, be unfavorable for reduce cultivation at This;In addition, cray is Omnivore, artificial bait of launching is mainly protide feed, with the natural living environment of cray Food material proportion difference is larger, causes cray vegetalitas, holozoic nutrition absorption ratio unbalanced, to affect yield And quality.It shells in cray growth and development process, is grown under shallow-water environment, to the natural enemies egodefense such as aquatic bird Ability is weaker.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a kind of anti-natural enemy green three dimensional-planting-breeding method of rice shrimp symbiosis, can be real Existing rice shrimp symbiosis, and can build green stereoscopic protective net, takes precautions against cray natural enemy, can by biological means prevention and control rice grub, The applications of pesticide are reduced, aquatic ornamental crops, aquatic industrial crops can be planted simultaneously, realize increasing both production and income.
The anti-natural enemy green three dimensional-planting-breeding method of rice shrimp symbiosis of the invention, comprising the following steps:
A, whole field: excavating the groove to interpenetrate around rice field, and the trench depth is 1.0 ± 0.2m, and width is 2 ± 0.5m, the groove area account for the 4~20% of the rice field area;It is equipped with the limit for floating on the water surface in the groove Frame, is provided with multiple partition apparatus in the limitting casing, the flute surfaces are limited frame and multiple partition apparatus be divided into it is more A different functional areas, the gross area of the multiple functional areas account for the 60~80% of the groove gross area;The groove periphery Anti- release apparatus is set, water inlet, water outlet are additionally provided on the groove;
B, it is filled the water into groove, and plants aquatic crops in functional areas;
C, a small amount of farmyard manure is applied to rice field April current year;Mid or late May current year sows rice seedling to rice field, to seedling Water level is adjusted after seedling definite value, making the water surface is more than rice field bottom surface 10cm;Control aquatic crops possesses area, covers water plant The 50~70% of multiple functional areas gross areas;
D, first season shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed: after sowing rice seedling 3~5 days, first season shrimp seedling is launched into crop field;
E, the field management stage: annual 5~October is the field management stage, should carry out following work: launching cray Bait, water surface management;It should be noted that observation regimen, appropriate to reduce feeding amount and change water in time in the case where water surface muddiness;
E0, mid-July current year, when rice enters tiller peak period, day by day reduce rice field in water level, induction cray into Enter groove, after rice field is exposed the surface 1~2, reduce functional areas aquatic crops possess area be the functional areas gross area 20~ 30%, the first season is caught out of groove into shrimp;After the completion of fishing, so that functional areas aquatic crops is possessed area, to revert to functional areas total The 50~70% of area;
E1, late July current year, pour water into crop field, and making the water surface is more than dispensing second season shrimp seedling after the 10cm of rice field bottom surface;
When E2, rice enter the pustulation period, increase Tanaka's water, keep the water surface more than the 15cm of rice field bottom surface, reduces function Area aquatic crops possesses 20~40% that area is the functional areas gross area, and artificial bait area of launching is transferred in rice field accordingly;
F, water level in paddy field is reduced day by day November current year, lobster is allowed to migrate among groove;Then it selects in the afternoon or is close to Evening carries out aquatic crops removal, catches second season cray into shrimp;Harvest rice in due course.
Preferably, the aquatic crops includes economy aquatic crops and ornamental class aquatic crops.The economy Aquatic crops refers to can edible or feed crop, such as cucurbit, oenanthe stolonifera, water spinach etc., the ornamental class aquatic crops example Such as water lily.
Preferably, different types of aquatic crops is planted respectively in multiple functional areas.
Advantages of the present invention is embodied in:
A, ecological community is built by rice, shrimp, aquatic crops symbiosis, simulation cray preys on environment naturally, and cray can Food includes rice, various water plant root, stem and leafs, further includes rice, the corresponding pest of water plant, ovum, close to primary ring Border, recipe is abundant, is conducive to improve cray quality.
B, the adjustment of area is possessed by functional areas aquatic crops, the adjustment of feeding area lures that cray enters rice field predation into Rice grub, ovum can not only enrich cray recipe, but also can be by biological means prevention and control rice grub, to improve rice yield.
C, it is planted in build above crop field by Rice Cropping, aquatic crops and be made of leaves of plants, stem, aquatic crops fibrous root Green stereoscopic protective net, provide green anti-natural enemy means for cray growth, effectively improve yield.
D, it by setting functional areas, not only can reach the purpose of three-dimensional Green Protection, but also aquatic industrial crops can be planted, promoted Peasant household's increasing both production and income.Ornamental aquatic crops can also be planted in functional areas simultaneously, promote Agro-ecology sightseeing tour.In addition, setting It is convenient for a variety of plantations after setting functional areas, and is convenient for functional areas aquatic crops and possesses rea adjusting.
E, it is transferred to U-channel by adjusting the method helper-inducer cray of water level, reduces cray and catches cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the whole field step schematic diagram of the anti-natural enemy green three dimensional-planting-breeding method of rice shrimp symbiosis of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The anti-natural enemy green three dimensional-planting-breeding method of rice shrimp symbiosis of the invention, comprising the following steps:
A, whole field: as shown in Figure 1, excavating the groove 2 that interpenetrates around rice field 1, and 2 depth of groove is 1.0 ± 0.2m, width are 2 ± 0.5m, and 2 area of groove accounts for the 4~20% of 1 area of rice field;It is equipped in the groove 2 The limitting casing 3 of the water surface is floated on, multiple partition apparatus are provided in the limitting casing 3,2 surface of groove is limited 3 He of frame Multiple partition apparatus are divided into multiple and different functional areas, and the gross area of the multiple functional areas accounts for 2 gross area of groove 60~80%;Anti- release apparatus is arranged in 2 periphery of groove, is additionally provided with water inlet 10, water outlet 11 on the groove 2;This In embodiment, 1 side of rice field is tractor road, and excess-three side setting U-channel 2 simultaneously interpenetrates, the tractor road, groove 2 boundaries are higher than the 1 40~80cm of bottom surface of rice field, consequently facilitating water storage.The multiple functional areas and the rice field 1 pass through limit Position frame 3 is physically isolated, to prevent water plant from invading rice field area.
B, it is filled the water into groove 2, and plants water hyacinth, oenanthe stolonifera in multiple functional areas or have stronger adaptability The aquatic crops such as water spinach can also plant the ornamental values aquatic crops such as water lily.The aquatic crops can be planted throughout the year, to improve kind Income is planted, and keeps ecological environment good.
As shown in Figure 1, as one of embodiment, different function area can plant different aquatic crops, and can be individually right Crop carries out whole remove without influencing periphery functional areas in each functional areas.Each functional areas aquatic crops type is different also Cray recipe can be enriched, and is conducive to maintain ecosystem diversity.
C, a small amount of farmyard manure is applied to rice field 1, is specifically discharged per acre according to 50~100kg April current year;Under in 5 months for the year Ten days rice seedling is sowed to rice field 1, adjusts water level after rice shoot definite value, making the water surface is more than 1 bottom surface 10cm of rice field, consequently facilitating Cray safety moving in field and groove 2.Aquatic crops should be controlled at this time possesses area, keeps water plant covering multiple The 50~70% of the functional areas gross area so that hiding natural enemy for cray provides sufficient space, and can provide suitable oxygen.
D, first season shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed: after sowing rice seedling 3~5 days, first season shrimp seedling is launched into crop field.It should protect at this time It demonstrate,proves the water surface and is higher than rice field bottom surface 10cm or more, and water quality is clarified.
E, the field management stage: annual 5~October is the field management stage, and groundwork is to launch cray bait With water surface management;This stage should be noted that observation regimen, appropriate to reduce feeding amount and change water in time in the case where water surface muddiness, It should also be noted that control height of water level.Field management stage, Ying Jinliang Shaoshi or no pesticide grown, to guarantee lobster yield and quality.
E0, mid-July current year, when rice enters tiller peak period, day by day reduce rice field in water level, induction cray into Enter groove 2, improve the rice percentage of earbearing tiller, finally makes 2 internal water accumulation of groove lower than 1~2cm of rice field bottom surface;1 is exposed the surface to rice field 1~ After 2 days, reducing functional areas aquatic crops to possess area is the 20~30% of the functional areas gross area, catches the first season out of groove 2 At shrimp.After the completion of fishing, functional areas aquatic crops is made to possess area reverts to the functional areas gross area 50~70%.
E1, late July current year, pour water into crop field, and making the water surface is more than dispensing second season shrimp seedling after 1 bottom surface 10cm of rice field. Since mid or late July temperature is higher, has to fill pool water, clear water in the dusk, shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed after clarification of water, preferably in wet weather It is put in a suitable place to breed, and survival rate is increased.
When E2, rice enter the pustulation period, Tanaka's water can be increased, keep the water surface more than 1 bottom surface 15cm of rice field, guaranteed Lobster can be as water level ascending motion be between the plant of rice field, expanding the zone of action of lobster, while corresponding reducing functional areas water Raw crop possesses 20~40% that area is the functional areas gross area, and artificial bait area of launching is transferred in rice field accordingly, thus Induction cray enters in rice field, promotes it to prey on rice grub, worm's ovum, and be directly transferred to cray excrement in rice field 1, Convenient for providing growth required nutrient for rice.Area is possessed in functional areas to be reduced day by day, and selects to carry out water in the afternoon or at dusk Raw crop removes, and in order to which cray shifts at night, reduces natural enemy predation risk.
F, November current year, rice full maturity eliminate the reliance on water source, can reduce water level in paddy field day by day at this time, allow lobster It migrates among groove.Using this step, first is that cray concentration degree is high, second is that the attachment of cray silt is few, fishing can be reduced With cleaning cost, and the accidental injury during rice harvesting is prevented.Then it selects to carry out aquatic crops removal in the afternoon or at dusk, catch Second season cray is fished out into shrimp.Due to being largely transferred in groove 2 at shrimp at this time, rice harves does not influence cray Existence, therefore rice can be before cray is caught or fishing backsight weather condition carries out.
Above embodiments are only limitted to the description to presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, before without departing substantially from essence spirit of the present invention It puts, those skilled in the art can make many variations.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of anti-natural enemy green three dimensional-planting-breeding method of rice shrimp symbiosis, comprising the following steps:
A, whole field: excavating the groove (2) to interpenetrate around rice field (1), and groove (2) depth is 1.0 ± 0.2m, width For 2 ± 0.5m, groove (2) area accounts for the 4~20% of the rice field (1) area;Floating is equipped in the groove (2) In being provided with multiple partition apparatus in the limitting casing (3) of the water surface, the limitting casing (3), groove (2) surface is limited frame (3) and multiple partition apparatus are divided into multiple and different functional areas, and it is total that the gross area of the multiple functional areas accounts for the groove (2) The 60~80% of area;Anti- release apparatus is arranged in the groove (2) periphery, be additionally provided on the groove (2) water inlet (10), Water outlet (11);
B, the water filling into groove (2), and aquatic crops is planted in functional areas;
C, April current year, to rice field (1) Shi Shaoliang farmyard manure;Mid or late May current year sows rice seedling to rice field (1), to Water level is adjusted after rice shoot field planting, making the water surface is more than rice field (1) bottom surface 10cm;Control aquatic crops possesses area, makes aquatic plant Object covers the 50~70% of multiple functional areas gross areas;
D, first season shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed: after sowing rice seedling 3~5 days, first season shrimp seedling is launched into crop field;
E, the field management stage: annual 5~October is the field management stage, should carry out following work: dispensing cray bait, Water surface management;It should be noted that observation regimen, appropriate to reduce feeding amount and change water in time in the case where water surface muddiness;
E0, mid-July current year when rice enters tiller peak period, reduce the water level in rice field day by day, and induction cray enters ditch Slot (2) reduces functional areas aquatic crops and possesses area for the 20 of the functional areas gross area after rice field (1) exposes the surface 1~2 ~30%, from groove (2) the interior fishing first season at shrimp;After the completion of fishing, so that functional areas aquatic crops is possessed area and revert to function The 50~70% of the energy area gross area;
E1, late July current year, pour water into crop field, and making the water surface is more than dispensing second season shrimp seedling after rice field (1) bottom surface 10cm;
When E2, rice enter the pustulation period, increase Tanaka's water, keep the water surface more than rice field (1) bottom surface 15cm, reduces functional areas Aquatic crops possesses 20~40% that area is the functional areas gross area, and artificial bait area of launching is transferred in rice field accordingly;
F, water level in paddy field is reduced day by day November current year, lobster is allowed to migrate among groove;Then select in the afternoon or at dusk into Row aquatic crops removes, and catches second season cray into shrimp;Harvest rice in due course;
The aquatic crops includes economy aquatic crops and ornamental class aquatic crops;It is planted respectively in multiple functional areas Plant different types of aquatic crops.
2. the anti-natural enemy green three dimensional-planting-breeding method of rice shrimp symbiosis as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the aquatic work Object includes cucurbit, oenanthe stolonifera, water spinach, water lily.
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CN106719426B (en) * 2017-01-11 2020-12-04 湖南农业大学 Double-cropping rice field high-density duck breeding system and duck breeding method
CN107624572A (en) * 2017-08-31 2018-01-26 贵州永兴桥上农家水产养殖有限公司 A kind of double cropping of rice shrimp symbiotic cultivation method
CN110122227A (en) * 2019-06-03 2019-08-16 安庆市义云农业有限责任公司 A method of standardization rice cray mixed breeding
CN111887111A (en) * 2020-04-27 2020-11-06 嘉兴市农业科学研究院 Method and system for comprehensively breeding rice, cress and red swamp crayfish
CN113396787A (en) * 2021-06-24 2021-09-17 安徽公牛农业发展有限公司 Symbiotic natural enemy-preventing green three-dimensional planting and breeding method for rice and shrimps

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