CN105918026A - Symbiotic natural-enemy-preventing green stereoscopic planting and culturing method for paddy rice and lobsters - Google Patents
Symbiotic natural-enemy-preventing green stereoscopic planting and culturing method for paddy rice and lobsters Download PDFInfo
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- CN105918026A CN105918026A CN201610237284.5A CN201610237284A CN105918026A CN 105918026 A CN105918026 A CN 105918026A CN 201610237284 A CN201610237284 A CN 201610237284A CN 105918026 A CN105918026 A CN 105918026A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Abstract
The invention provides a symbiotic natural-enemy-preventing green stereoscopic planting and culturing method for paddy rice and lobsters. The method comprises the following steps: (A) carrying out field preparation: excavating interpenetrating trenches around a rice field, and laying limiting frames in the trenches, wherein the limiting frames are divided into a plurality of different functional areas; (B) injecting water into the trenches, and separately planting a variety of aquatic crops in the functional areas; (C) sowing paddy rice seedlings in the rice field; (D) adding juvenile lobsters of a first season; (E) carrying out a field management stage, of which a main job is to add a feed for the juvenile lobsters, carry out water surface management and complete the fishing of adult lobsters of the first season and adding of juvenile lobsters of a second season in good time; and (F) carrying out paddy rice harvesting, and fishing adult lobsters of the second season. According to the method, the symbiotic growth of the paddy rice, the lobsters and the aquatic crops can be achieved, and a primary environment is simulated; a green stereoscopic protective screen can be created so as to keep away natural enemies of the juvenile lobsters; and paddy rice insect pests can be controlled through biological means so as to reduce pesticide application, and aquatic ornamental crops and aquatic economic crops can be planted simultaneously so as to achieve yield increase and income increase.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cray cultivation field, be specifically related to a kind of rice anti-natural enemy of shrimp symbiosis and increase bait green three dimensional-planting-breeding method.
Background technology
Cray is subordinate to joint animal door, Crustachia, former Astacus, formal name used at school Procambius clarkii, and its meat flavour is delicious, nutritious,
Deeply being liked by consumer, cray feeding habits are more miscellaneous, environmental suitability strong, are the preferable kinds of raiser's increasing both production and income.
In prior art, cray is typically put in a suitable place to breed by sharrow pool, and bait injected volume is big, is unfavorable for reducing aquaculture cost；Separately
Outward, cray is Omnivore, and artificial bait of throwing in is mainly protide feed, and living environment food natural with cray is former
Material proportioning difference is relatively big, causes cray vegetalitas, holozoic nutrition to take in ratio unbalanced, thus have impact on yield and quality.
Cray growth and development process needs to shell, grows under shallow-water environment, more weak to natural enemy egodefense abilities such as aquatic birds.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a kind of rice shrimp symbiosis anti-natural enemy green three dimensional-planting-breeding method, can realize rice shrimp
Symbiosis, and green stereoscopic protective net can be built, take precautions against cray natural enemy, biological means prevention and control rice grub can be passed through, reduce agriculture
Medicine is used, and can plant aquatic ornamental crops, aquatic industrial crops, it is achieved increasing both production and income simultaneously.
The rice shrimp symbiosis anti-natural enemy green three dimensional-planting-breeding method of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
A, whole field: around rice field, excavate the groove interpenetrated, described gash depth is 1.0 ± 0.2m, and width is 2 ± 0.5m,
Described groove area accounts for the 4～20% of described rice field area；The limitting casing floating on the water surface, described limit it is equipped with in described groove
Being provided with multiple partition apparatus in the frame of position, the limited frame of described flute surfaces and multiple partition apparatus are divided into multiple different function
District, the gross area of the plurality of functional areas accounts for the 60～80% of the described groove gross area；Described groove periphery arranges anti-release apparatus,
Water inlet, delivery port it is additionally provided with on described groove；
B, water filling in groove, and in functional areas, plant aquatic crops；
C, then April, execute a small amount of farm manure to rice field；Mid or late May then, sow rice seedling to rice field, treat that rice shoot is fixed
Adjust water level after value, make the water surface exceed bottom surface, rice field 10cm；Control aquatic crops possesses area, makes water plant cover multiple
The 50～70% of the functional areas gross area；
D, the shrimp seedling first season are put in a suitable place to breed: sow rice seedling 3～after 5 days, throw in the shrimp seedling first season in land for growing field crops；
E, field management stage: annual 5～October be the field management stage, should carry out following work: throw in cray bait,
The water surface manages；It should be noted that observation regimen, in the case of water surface muddiness, suitably reduce feeding amount and change water in time；
E0, then mid-July, when paddy rice enters tiller peak period, reduce the water level in rice field day by day, and induction cray enters ditch
Groove, after surfacing 1～2 in rice field, minimizing functional areas aquatic crops possesses 20～30% that area is the functional areas gross area, from
Fish in groove and become shrimp the first season；After having fished for, make functional areas aquatic crops possess area revert to the functional areas gross area 50～
70%；
E1, then late July, pour water in land for growing field crops, after making the water surface exceed bottom surface, rice field 10cm, throws in the shrimp seedling second season；
When E2, paddy rice enter the pustulation period, increase Tanaka's water yield, keep the water surface at bottom surface, rice field more than 15cm, reduce functional areas water
Raw crop possesses 20～40% that area is the functional areas gross area, and artificial bait district of throwing in is transferred in rice field accordingly；
F, then November, reduce water level in paddy field day by day, allows lobster migrate among groove；Then select to enter in the afternoon or at dusk
Aquatic crops removes row, fishes for the cray second season and becomes shrimp；Gather in the crops paddy rice in good time.
Preferably, described aquatic crops includes economy aquatic crops and views and admires class aquatic crops.The aquatic work of described economy
Thing refer to can edible or feed with crop, such as cucurbit, oenanthe stolonifera, water spinach etc., described in view and admire class aquatic crops such as water lily.
Preferably, different types of aquatic crops is planted respectively in described multiple functional areas.
Advantages of the present invention is embodied in:
A, by rice, shrimp, aquatic crops symbiosis build ecological community, simulation cray naturally prey on environment, cray comestible
Including paddy rice, various water plant root, stem and leaf, also include insect, ovum that paddy rice, water plant are corresponding, close to primitive environment,
Recipe enriches, and is conducive to improving cray quality.
B, possess the adjustment of area by functional areas aquatic crops, the adjustment of feeding area lure into cray enter rice field predation paddy rice evil
Worm, ovum, both can enrich cray recipe, and can pass through again biological means prevention and control rice grub, thus improve rice yield.
C, be planted in above land for growing field crops by Rice Cropping, aquatic crops build by leaves of plants, stem, aquatic crops fibrous root form green
Colour solid protection network, provides green anti-natural enemy means for cray growth, is effectively improved yield.
D, by arranging functional areas, both can reach the purpose of three-dimensional Green Protection, aquatic industrial crops can have been planted again, promoted peasant household
Increasing both production and income.Aquatic crops can also be viewed and admired in functional areas plantation simultaneously, advance Agro-ecology sightseeing tour.It addition, arrange merit
Can be easy to multiple plantation behind district, and be convenient for functional areas aquatic crops and possess rea adjusting.
E, it is transferred to U-channel by adjusting the method helper-inducer cray of water level, reduces cray and fish for cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the whole field step schematic diagram of the rice shrimp symbiosis anti-natural enemy green three dimensional-planting-breeding method of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The rice shrimp symbiosis anti-natural enemy green three dimensional-planting-breeding method of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
A, whole field: as shown in Figure 1, excavate the groove 2 interpenetrated around rice field 1, and described groove 2 degree of depth is 1.0 ± 0.2m,
Width is 2 ± 0.5m, and described groove 2 area accounts for the 4～20% of described rice field 1 area；It is equipped with in described groove 2 and floats on water
The limitting casing 3 in face, is provided with multiple partition apparatus, the limited frame in described groove 2 surface 3 and multiple partition dress in described limitting casing 3
Putting and be divided into multiple different functional areas, the gross area of the plurality of functional areas accounts for the 60～80% of described groove 2 gross area；Described
Groove 2 periphery arranges anti-release apparatus, and described groove 2 is additionally provided with water inlet 10, delivery port 11；In the present embodiment, described
Side, rice field 1 is tractor road, and its excess-three side arranges U-channel 2 and interpenetrates, and described tractor road, groove 2 border are higher than described
Bottom surface, rice field 1 40～80cm, consequently facilitating retaining.Limitting casing 3 physical isolation is passed through with described rice field 1 in the plurality of functional areas,
Thus prevent water plant from invading rice field district.
B, water filling in groove 2, and in multiple functional areas, plant water hyacinth, oenanthe stolonifera or have stronger adaptive hollow
The aquatic crops such as dish, it is possible to the sight aquatic crops such as plantation water lily.Described aquatic crops can be planted throughout the year, to improve plantation receipts
Enter, and keep ecological environment good.
As shown in Figure 1, as one of embodiment, different aquatic crops can be planted by difference in functionality district, and can be individually to each merit
Entirety can be carried out remove and do not affect periphery functional areas by crop in district.Each functional areas aquatic crops kind is different also can enrich little
Lobster recipe, and be conducive to maintaining ecosystem diversity.
C, then April, execute a small amount of farm manure, specifically discharge according to 50～100kg every mu to rice field 1；Mid or late May then,
Sow rice seedling to rice field 1, after rice shoot definite value, adjust water level, make the water surface exceed rice field 1 bottom surface 10cm, consequently facilitating little dragon
Shrimp is safety moving in field with groove 2.Now should control aquatic crops possesses area, makes water plant cover multiple functional areas
The 50～70% of the gross area, thus hide natural enemy for cray and sufficient space is provided, and it is provided that appropriate oxygen.
D, the shrimp seedling first season are put in a suitable place to breed: sow rice seedling 3～after 5 days, throw in the shrimp seedling first season in land for growing field crops.Now should ensure that water
Face is higher than bottom surface, rice field more than 10cm, and water quality clarification.
E, field management stage: annual 5～October be the field management stage, its groundwork is to throw in cray bait and water
Facial canal is managed；This stage, it should be noted that observe regimen, in the case of water surface muddiness, suitably reduces feeding amount and changes water in time, also should
Note controlling water level height.In the field management stage, should try one's best Shaoshi or no pesticide grown, to ensure lobster yield and quality.
E0, then mid-July, when paddy rice enters tiller peak period, reduce the water level in rice field day by day, and induction cray enters ditch
Groove 2, improves the paddy rice percentage of earbearing tiller, finally makes groove 2 internal water accumulation less than bottom surface, rice field 1～2cm；After surfacing 1～2 in rice field 1,
Minimizing functional areas aquatic crops possesses 20～30% that area is the functional areas gross area, fishes for and become shrimp the first season in groove 2.Fish for
After completing, make functional areas aquatic crops possess area and revert to the 50～70% of the functional areas gross area.
E1, then late July, pour water in land for growing field crops, after making the water surface exceed rice field 1 bottom surface 10cm, throws in the shrimp seedling second season.By
Higher in mid or late July temperature, pool water, clear water must be filled between the lights, after clarification of water, put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed, preferably overcast and rainy
Put in a suitable place to breed, increase survival rate.
When E2, paddy rice enter the pustulation period, Tanaka's water yield can be increased, keep the water surface at rice field 1 bottom surface more than 15cm, it is ensured that lobster
Between can be along with water level ascending motion to rice field plant, expand the zone of action of lobster, the most corresponding minimizing functional areas aquatic crops
Possess that area is the functional areas gross area 20～40%, artificial bait district of throwing in is transferred in rice field accordingly, thus induces cray
In entrance rice field, promote that it preys on rice grub, worm's ovum, and make cray ight soil be directly transferred in rice field 1, it is simple to for paddy rice
There is provided growth required nutrient.Functional areas are possessed area and should be reduced day by day, and select in the afternoon or carry out aquatic crops at dusk to remove,
So that cray shifted at night, reduce natural enemy predation risk.
F, then November, paddy rice full maturity, eliminate the reliance on water source, now can reduce water level in paddy field day by day, allow lobster migration
Among groove.Using this step, one is that cray concentration degree is high, and two is that the attachment of cray silt is few, it is possible to decrease fish for and clearly
Wash cost, and prevent the accidental injury during rice harvesting.Then select to carry out aquatic crops in the afternoon or at dusk to remove, fish for the
Two season cray become shrimp.Owing to now becoming shrimp major part to be transferred in groove 2, rice harves does not affect the existence of cray,
Therefore paddy rice can be before cray be fished for or fish for backsight weather condition and carry out.
Above example is only limitted to the description to presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, on the premise of without departing substantially from essence spirit of the present invention,
Those skilled in the art can make many variations.
Claims (4)
1. a rice shrimp symbiosis anti-natural enemy green three dimensional-planting-breeding method, comprises the following steps:
A, whole field: excavating the groove (2) interpenetrated around rice field (1), described groove (2) degree of depth is 1.0 ± 0.2m,
Width is 2 ± 0.5m, and described groove (2) area accounts for the 4～20% of described rice field (1) area；Spread in described groove (2)
It is provided with the limitting casing (3) floating on the water surface, in described limitting casing (3), is provided with multiple partition apparatus, described groove (2) table
The limited frame in face (3) and multiple partition apparatus are divided into multiple different functional areas, and the gross area of the plurality of functional areas accounts for described
The 60～80% of groove (2) gross area；Described groove (2) periphery arranges anti-release apparatus, and described groove also sets up on (2)
There are water inlet (10), delivery port (11)；
B, water filling in groove (2), and in functional areas, plant aquatic crops；
C, then April, execute a small amount of farm manure to rice field (1)；Mid or late May then, sow rice seedling to rice field (1),
After rice shoot definite value, adjust water level, make the water surface exceed rice field (1) bottom surface 10cm；Control aquatic crops possesses area, makes aquatic
The 50～70% of vegetal cover multiple functional areas gross area；
D, the shrimp seedling first season are put in a suitable place to breed: sow rice seedling 3～after 5 days, throw in the shrimp seedling first season in land for growing field crops；
E, field management stage: annual 5～October be the field management stage, should carry out following work: throw in cray bait,
The water surface manages；It should be noted that observation regimen, in the case of water surface muddiness, suitably reduce feeding amount and change water in time；
E0, then mid-July, when paddy rice enters tiller peak period, reduce the water level in rice field day by day, and induction cray enters ditch
Groove (2), after rice field (1) surfaces 1～2, reduce functional areas aquatic crops possessing area is the functional areas gross area
20～30%, fish in groove (2) and become shrimp the first season；After having fished for, make functional areas aquatic crops possess area and revert to
The 50～70% of the functional areas gross area；
E1, then late July, pour water in land for growing field crops, after making the water surface exceed rice field (1) bottom surface 10cm, throws in the shrimp seedling second season；
When E2, paddy rice enter the pustulation period, increase Tanaka's water yield, keep the water surface at rice field (1) bottom surface more than 15cm, reduce function
District aquatic crops possesses 20～40% that area is the functional areas gross area, and artificial bait district of throwing in is transferred in rice field accordingly；
F, then November, reduce water level in paddy field day by day, allows lobster migrate among groove；Then select to enter in the afternoon or at dusk
Aquatic crops removes row, fishes for the cray second season and becomes shrimp；Gather in the crops paddy rice in good time.
2. rice shrimp symbiosis anti-natural enemy green three dimensional-planting-breeding method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described aquatic work
Thing includes economy aquatic crops and views and admires class aquatic crops.
3. rice shrimp symbiosis anti-natural enemy green three dimensional-planting-breeding method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described aquatic work
Thing includes cucurbit, oenanthe stolonifera, water spinach, water lily.
4. rice shrimp symbiosis anti-natural enemy green three dimensional-planting-breeding method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described multiple merits
Different types of aquatic crops can be planted respectively in district.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN106665229A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-17 | 湖南农业大学 | High intensity duck breeding system for early season rice ratooning rice field and duck breeding method |
| CN106719426A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-31 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of double cropping of rice rice field high density duck culturing system and duck culturing method |
| CN107624572A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-26 | 贵州永兴桥上农家水产养殖有限公司 | A kind of double cropping of rice shrimp symbiotic cultivation method |
| CN110122227A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-08-16 | 安庆市义云农业有限责任公司 | A method of standardization rice cray mixed breeding |
| CN111887111A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-11-06 | 嘉兴市农业科学研究院 | Method and system for comprehensively breeding rice, cress and red swamp crayfish |
| CN113396787A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-17 | 安徽公牛农业发展有限公司 | Symbiotic natural enemy-preventing green three-dimensional planting and breeding method for rice and shrimps |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111887111A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-11-06 | 嘉兴市农业科学研究院 | Method and system for comprehensively breeding rice, cress and red swamp crayfish |
| CN113396787A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-17 | 安徽公牛农业发展有限公司 | Symbiotic natural enemy-preventing green three-dimensional planting and breeding method for rice and shrimps |
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| CN105918026B (en) | 2019-09-03 |
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